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  1. Article ; Online: Cancer-related emergency and urgent care: expanding the research agenda.

    Shelburne, Nonniekaye / Simonds, Naoko Ishibe / Jensen, Roxanne E / Brown, Jeremy

    Emergency Cancer Care

    2022  Volume 1, Issue 1, Page(s) 4

    Abstract: Purpose of review: Cancer-related emergency department (ED) visits often result in higher hospital admission rates than non-cancer visits. It has been estimated many of these costly hospital admissions can be prevented, yet urgent care clinics and EDs ... ...

    Abstract Purpose of review: Cancer-related emergency department (ED) visits often result in higher hospital admission rates than non-cancer visits. It has been estimated many of these costly hospital admissions can be prevented, yet urgent care clinics and EDs lack cancer-specific care resources to support the needs of this complex population. Implementing effective approaches across different care settings and populations to minimize ED and urgent care visits improves oncologic complication management, and coordinating follow-up care will be particularly important as the population of cancer patients and survivors continues to increase. The National Cancer Institute (NCI) and the Office of Emergency Care (OECR) convened a workshop in December 2021, "Cancer-related Emergency and Urgent Care: Prevention, Management, and Care Coordination" to highlight progress, knowledge gaps, and research opportunities. This report describes the current landscape of cancer-related urgent and emergency care and includes research recommendations from workshop participants to decrease the risk of oncologic complications, improve their management, and enhance coordination of care.
    Recent findings: Since 2014, NCI and OECR have collaborated to support research in cancer-related emergency care. Workshop participants recommended a number of promising research opportunities, as well as key considerations for designing and conducting research in this area. Opportunities included better characterizing unscheduled care services, identifying those at higher risk for such care, developing care delivery models to minimize unplanned events and enhance their care, recognizing cancer prevention and screening opportunities in the ED, improving management of specific cancer-related presentations, and conducting goals of care conversations.
    Summary: Significant progress has been made over the past 7 years with the creation of the Comprehensive Oncologic Emergency Research Network, broad involvement of the emergency medicine and oncology communities, establishing a proof-of-concept observational study, and NCI and OECR's efforts to support this area of research. However, critical gaps remain.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-06-14
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ISSN 2731-4790
    ISSN (online) 2731-4790
    DOI 10.1186/s44201-022-00005-6
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article ; Online: Opportunities for Gene and Environment Research in Cancer: An Updated Review of NCI's Extramural Grant Portfolio.

    Ghazarian, Armen A / Simonds, Naoko Ishibe / Lai, Gabriel Y / Mechanic, Leah E

    Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention : a publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology

    2020  Volume 30, Issue 3, Page(s) 576–583

    Abstract: Background: The study of gene-environment (GxE) interactions is a research priority for the NCI. Previously, our group analyzed NCI's extramural grant portfolio from fiscal years (FY) 2007 to 2009 to determine the state of the science in GxE research. ... ...

    Abstract Background: The study of gene-environment (GxE) interactions is a research priority for the NCI. Previously, our group analyzed NCI's extramural grant portfolio from fiscal years (FY) 2007 to 2009 to determine the state of the science in GxE research. This study builds upon our previous effort and examines changes in the landscape of GxE cancer research funded by NCI.
    Methods: The NCI grant portfolio was examined from FY 2010 to 2018 using the iSearch application. A time-trend analysis was conducted to explore changes over the study interval.
    Results: A total of 107 grants met the search criteria and were abstracted. The most common cancer types studied were breast (19.6%) and colorectal (18.7%). Most grants focused on GxE using specific candidate genes (69.2%) compared with agnostic approaches using genome-wide (26.2%) or whole-exome/whole-genome next-generation sequencing (NGS) approaches (19.6%); some grants used more than one approach to assess genetic variation. More funded grants incorporated NGS technologies in FY 2016-2018 compared with prior FYs. Environmental exposures most commonly examined were energy balance (46.7%) and drugs/treatment (40.2%). Over the time interval, we observed a decrease in energy balance applications with a concurrent increase in drug/treatment applications.
    Conclusions: Research in GxE interactions has continued to concentrate on common cancers, while there have been some shifts in focus of genetic and environmental exposures. Opportunities exist to study less common cancers, apply new technologies, and increase racial/ethnic diversity.
    Impact: This analysis of NCI's extramural grant portfolio updates previous efforts and provides a review of NCI grant support for GxE research.
    MeSH term(s) Biomedical Research/methods ; Environmental Exposure/analysis ; Financing, Organized/methods ; Humans ; National Cancer Institute (U.S.) ; Neoplasms/genetics ; United States
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-12-15
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, N.I.H., Intramural ; Review
    ZDB-ID 1153420-5
    ISSN 1538-7755 ; 1055-9965
    ISSN (online) 1538-7755
    ISSN 1055-9965
    DOI 10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-20-1264
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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