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  1. Article: Inhibition of In Vitro Clostridioides difficile Biofilm Formation by the Probiotic Yeast Saccharomyces boulardii CNCM I-745 through Modification of the Extracellular Matrix Composition

    Lacotte, Pierre-Alexandre / Simons, Alexis / Bouttier, Sylvie / Malet-Villemagne, Jeanne / Nicolas, Valérie / Janoir, Claire

    Microorganisms. 2022 May 24, v. 10, no. 6

    2022  

    Abstract: Clostridioides difficile is responsible for post-antibiotic diarrhea and most of the pseudomembranous colitis cases. Multiple recurrences, one of the major challenges faced in C. difficile infection (CDI) management, can be considered as chronic ... ...

    Abstract Clostridioides difficile is responsible for post-antibiotic diarrhea and most of the pseudomembranous colitis cases. Multiple recurrences, one of the major challenges faced in C. difficile infection (CDI) management, can be considered as chronic infections, and the role of biofilm formation in CDI recurrences is now widely considered. Therefore, we explored if the probiotic yeast Saccharomyces boulardii CNCM I-745 could impact the in vitro formation of C. difficile biofilm. Biomass staining and viable bacterial cell quantification showed that live S. boulardii exerts an antagonistic effect on the biofilm formation for the three C. difficile strains tested. Confocal laser scanning microscopy observation revealed a weakening and an average thickness reduction of the biofilm structure when C. difficile is co-incubated with S. boulardii, compared to the single-species bacterial biofilm structure. These effects, that were not detected with another genetically close yeast, S. cerevisiae, seemed to require direct contact between the probiotic yeast and the bacterium. Quantification of the extrapolymeric matrix components, as well as results obtained after DNase treatment, revealed a significant decrease of eDNA, an essential structural component of the C. difficile biofilm matrix, in the dual-species biofilm. This modification could explain the reduced cohesion and robustness of C. difficile biofilms formed in the presence of S. boulardii CNCM I-745 and be involved in S. boulardii clinical preventive effect against CDI recurrences.
    Keywords Clostridium difficile ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae var. cerevisiae ; bacteria ; biofilm ; biomass ; cohesion ; colitis ; deoxyribonucleases ; diarrhea ; direct contact ; environmental DNA ; extracellular matrix ; probiotics ; yeasts
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2022-0524
    Publishing place Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Document type Article
    ZDB-ID 2720891-6
    ISSN 2076-2607
    ISSN 2076-2607
    DOI 10.3390/microorganisms10061082
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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  2. Article: Bacteriocins, Antimicrobial Peptides from Bacterial Origin: Overview of Their Biology and Their Impact against Multidrug-Resistant Bacteria.

    Simons, Alexis / Alhanout, Kamel / Duval, Raphaël E

    Microorganisms

    2020  Volume 8, Issue 5

    Abstract: Currently, the emergence and ongoing dissemination of antimicrobial resistance among bacteria are critical health and economic issue, leading to increased rates of morbidity and mortality related to bacterial infections. Research and development for new ... ...

    Abstract Currently, the emergence and ongoing dissemination of antimicrobial resistance among bacteria are critical health and economic issue, leading to increased rates of morbidity and mortality related to bacterial infections. Research and development for new antimicrobial agents is currently needed to overcome this problem. Among the different approaches studied, bacteriocins seem to be a promising possibility. These molecules are peptides naturally synthesized by ribosomes, produced by both Gram-positive bacteria (GPB) and Gram-negative bacteria (GNB), which will allow these bacteriocin producers to survive in highly competitive polymicrobial environment. Bacteriocins exhibit antimicrobial activity with variable spectrum depending on the peptide, which may target several bacteria. Already used in some areas such as agro-food, bacteriocins may be considered as interesting candidates for further development as antimicrobial agents used in health contexts, particularly considering the issue of antimicrobial resistance. The aim of this review is to present an updated global report on the biology of bacteriocins produced by GPB and GNB, as well as their antibacterial activity against relevant bacterial pathogens, and especially against multidrug-resistant bacteria.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-04-27
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 2720891-6
    ISSN 2076-2607
    ISSN 2076-2607
    DOI 10.3390/microorganisms8050639
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article: Bacteriocins, Antimicrobial Peptides from Bacterial Origin: Overview of Their Biology and Their Impact against Multidrug-Resistant Bacteria

    Simons, Alexis / Alhanout, Kamel / Duval, Raphaël E.

    Microorganisms. 2020 Apr. 27, v. 8, no. 5

    2020  

    Abstract: Currently, the emergence and ongoing dissemination of antimicrobial resistance among bacteria are critical health and economic issue, leading to increased rates of morbidity and mortality related to bacterial infections. Research and development for new ... ...

    Abstract Currently, the emergence and ongoing dissemination of antimicrobial resistance among bacteria are critical health and economic issue, leading to increased rates of morbidity and mortality related to bacterial infections. Research and development for new antimicrobial agents is currently needed to overcome this problem. Among the different approaches studied, bacteriocins seem to be a promising possibility. These molecules are peptides naturally synthesized by ribosomes, produced by both Gram-positive bacteria (GPB) and Gram-negative bacteria (GNB), which will allow these bacteriocin producers to survive in highly competitive polymicrobial environment. Bacteriocins exhibit antimicrobial activity with variable spectrum depending on the peptide, which may target several bacteria. Already used in some areas such as agro-food, bacteriocins may be considered as interesting candidates for further development as antimicrobial agents used in health contexts, particularly considering the issue of antimicrobial resistance. The aim of this review is to present an updated global report on the biology of bacteriocins produced by GPB and GNB, as well as their antibacterial activity against relevant bacterial pathogens, and especially against multidrug-resistant bacteria.
    Keywords antibacterial properties ; antibiotic resistance ; antimicrobial peptides ; bacteriocins ; morbidity ; mortality ; multiple drug resistance ; research and development ; ribosomes
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2020-0427
    Publishing place Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Document type Article
    ZDB-ID 2720891-6
    ISSN 2076-2607
    ISSN 2076-2607
    DOI 10.3390/microorganisms8050639
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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  4. Article: Inhibition of In Vitro

    Lacotte, Pierre-Alexandre / Simons, Alexis / Bouttier, Sylvie / Malet-Villemagne, Jeanne / Nicolas, Valérie / Janoir, Claire

    Microorganisms

    2022  Volume 10, Issue 6

    Abstract: Clostridioides ... ...

    Abstract Clostridioides difficile
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-05-24
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2720891-6
    ISSN 2076-2607
    ISSN 2076-2607
    DOI 10.3390/microorganisms10061082
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  5. Article ; Online: Characterization of the microbiome associated with in situ earthen materials.

    Simons, Alexis / Bertron, Alexandra / Aubert, Jean-Emmanuel / Roux, Christophe / Roques, Christine

    Environmental microbiome

    2020  Volume 15, Issue 1, Page(s) 4

    Abstract: Background: The current increase in public awareness of environmental risks is giving rise to a growth of interest in the microbiological safety of buildings. In particular, microbial proliferation on construction materials can be responsible for the ... ...

    Abstract Background: The current increase in public awareness of environmental risks is giving rise to a growth of interest in the microbiological safety of buildings. In particular, microbial proliferation on construction materials can be responsible for the degradation of indoor air quality that can increase health-risk to occupants. Raw earth materials are still widely used throughout the world and, in some cases, are linked to heritage habitats, as in the southwest of France. Moreover, these building materials are currently the subject of renewed interest for ecological and economic reasons. However, the microbial status of earthen materials raises major concerns: could the microbiome associated with such natural materials cause disease in building occupants? Very few analyses have been performed on the microbial communities present on these supports. Characterizing the raw earth material microbiome is also important for a better evaluation and understanding of the susceptibility of such materials to microbial development. This study presents the distribution of in situ bacterial and fungal communities on different raw earth materials used in construction. Various buildings were sampled in France and the microbial communities present were characterized by amplicon high-throughput sequencing (bacterial 16S rRNA gene and fungal ITS1 region). Bacterial culture isolates were identified at the species level by MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry.
    Results: The major fungal and bacterial genera identified were mainly associated with conventional outdoor and indoor environmental communities, and no specific harmful bacterial species were detected on earthen materials. However, contrary to expectations, few human-associated genera were detected in dwellings. We found lower microbial alpha-diversity in earthen material than is usually found in soil, suggesting a loss of diversity during the use of these materials in buildings. Interestingly enough, the main features influencing microbial communities were building history and room use, rather than material composition.
    Conclusions: These results constitute a first in-depth analysis of microbial communities present on earthen materials in situ and may be considered as a first referential to investigate microbial communities on such materials according to environmental conditions and their potential health impact. The bacterial and fungal flora detected were similar to those found in conventional habitats and are thought to be mainly impacted by specific events in the building's life, such as water damage.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-01-20
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ISSN 2524-6372
    ISSN (online) 2524-6372
    DOI 10.1186/s40793-019-0350-6
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  6. Article: The CHD3 remodeler PICKLE promotes trimethylation of histone H3 lysine 27.

    Zhang, Heng / Rider, Stanley Dean / Henderson, James T / Fountain, Matthew / Chuang, King / Kandachar, Vasundhara / Simons, Alexis / Edenberg, Howard J / Romero-Severson, Jeanne / Muir, William M / Ogas, Joe

    The Journal of biological chemistry

    2008  Volume 283, Issue 33, Page(s) 22637–22648

    Abstract: CHD3 proteins are ATP-dependent chromatin remodelers that contribute to repression of developmentally regulated genes in both animal and plant systems. In animals, this repression has been linked to a multiple subunit complex, Mi-2/NuRD, whose ... ...

    Abstract CHD3 proteins are ATP-dependent chromatin remodelers that contribute to repression of developmentally regulated genes in both animal and plant systems. In animals, this repression has been linked to a multiple subunit complex, Mi-2/NuRD, whose constituents include a CHD3 protein, a histone deacetylase, and a methyl-CpG-binding domain protein. In Arabidopsis, PICKLE (PKL) codes for a CHD3 protein that acts during germination to repress expression of seed-associated genes. Repression of seed-associated traits is promoted in pkl seedlings by the plant growth regulator gibberellin (GA). We undertook a microarray analysis to determine how PKL and GA act to promote the transition from seed to seedling. We found that PKL and GA act in separate pathways to repress expression of seed-specific genes. Comparison of genomic datasets revealed that PKL-dependent genes are enriched for trimethylation of histone H3 lysine 27 (H3K27me3), a repressive epigenetic mark. Chromatin immunoprecipitation studies demonstrate that PKL promotes H3K27me3 in both germinating seedlings and in adult plants but do not identify a connection between PKL-dependent expression and acetylation levels. Taken together, our analyses illuminate a new pathway by which CHD3 remodelers contribute to repression in eukaryotes.
    MeSH term(s) Arabidopsis/drug effects ; Arabidopsis/genetics ; Arabidopsis/metabolism ; Arabidopsis Proteins/drug effects ; Arabidopsis Proteins/metabolism ; DNA Helicases ; Gene Expression Regulation, Plant ; Germination ; Histone Deacetylases/metabolism ; Histones/chemistry ; Histones/metabolism ; Lysine/metabolism ; Methylation ; Miconazole/pharmacology ; Seedlings/drug effects ; Seedlings/genetics ; Seedlings/metabolism ; Seeds/genetics ; Seeds/physiology
    Chemical Substances Arabidopsis Proteins ; Histones ; Miconazole (7NNO0D7S5M) ; Histone Deacetylases (EC 3.5.1.98) ; AT2G25170 protein, Arabidopsis (EC 3.6.1.-) ; DNA Helicases (EC 3.6.4.-) ; Lysine (K3Z4F929H6)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2008-06-06
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 2997-x
    ISSN 1083-351X ; 0021-9258
    ISSN (online) 1083-351X
    ISSN 0021-9258
    DOI 10.1074/jbc.M802129200
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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    In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

    Uc I Zs.108: Show issues Location:
    Je nach Verfügbarkeit (siehe Angabe bei Bestand)
    bis Jg. 2021: Bestellungen von Artikeln über das Online-Bestellformular
    ab Jg. 2022: Lesesaal (EG)

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  7. Article: The CHD3 Remodeler PICKLE Promotes Trimethylation of Histone H3 Lysine 27

    Zhang, Heng / Rider, Stanley Dean Jr / Henderson, James T / Fountain, Matthew / Chuang, King / Kandachar, Vasundhara / Simons, Alexis / Edenberg, Howard J / Romero-Severson, Jeanne / Muir, William M / Ogas, Joe

    Journal of biological chemistry. 2008 Aug. 15, v. 283, no. 33

    2008  

    Abstract: CHD3 proteins are ATP-dependent chromatin remodelers that contribute to repression of developmentally regulated genes in both animal and plant systems. In animals, this repression has been linked to a multiple subunit complex, Mi-2/NuRD, whose ... ...

    Abstract CHD3 proteins are ATP-dependent chromatin remodelers that contribute to repression of developmentally regulated genes in both animal and plant systems. In animals, this repression has been linked to a multiple subunit complex, Mi-2/NuRD, whose constituents include a CHD3 protein, a histone deacetylase, and a methyl-CpG-binding domain protein. In Arabidopsis, PICKLE (PKL) codes for a CHD3 protein that acts during germination to repress expression of seed-associated genes. Repression of seed-associated traits is promoted in pkl seedlings by the plant growth regulator gibberellin (GA). We undertook a microarray analysis to determine how PKL and GA act to promote the transition from seed to seedling. We found that PKL and GA act in separate pathways to repress expression of seed-specific genes. Comparison of genomic datasets revealed that PKL-dependent genes are enriched for trimethylation of histone H3 lysine 27 (H3K27me3), a repressive epigenetic mark. Chromatin immunoprecipitation studies demonstrate that PKL promotes H3K27me3 in both germinating seedlings and in adult plants but do not identify a connection between PKL-dependent expression and acetylation levels. Taken together, our analyses illuminate a new pathway by which CHD3 remodelers contribute to repression in eukaryotes.
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2008-0815
    Size p. 22637-22648.
    Publishing place American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology
    Document type Article
    ZDB-ID 2997-x
    ISSN 1083-351X ; 0021-9258
    ISSN (online) 1083-351X
    ISSN 0021-9258
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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    In stock of ZB MED Bonn / Germany

    Z 4' 65/118: Show issues
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