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  1. Article ; Online: A mildly relativistic wide-angle outflow in the neutron-star merger event GW170817.

    Mooley, K P / Nakar, E / Hotokezaka, K / Hallinan, G / Corsi, A / Frail, D A / Horesh, A / Murphy, T / Lenc, E / Kaplan, D L / De, K / Dobie, D / Chandra, P / Deller, A / Gottlieb, O / Kasliwal, M M / Kulkarni, S R / Myers, S T / Nissanke, S /
    Piran, T / Lynch, C / Bhalerao, V / Bourke, S / Bannister, K W / Singer, L P

    Nature

    2018  Volume 554, Issue 7691, Page(s) 207–210

    Abstract: GW170817 was the first gravitational-wave detection of a binary neutron-star merger. It was accompanied by radiation across the electromagnetic spectrum and localized to the galaxy NGC 4993 at a distance of 40 megaparsecs. It has been proposed that the ... ...

    Abstract GW170817 was the first gravitational-wave detection of a binary neutron-star merger. It was accompanied by radiation across the electromagnetic spectrum and localized to the galaxy NGC 4993 at a distance of 40 megaparsecs. It has been proposed that the observed γ-ray, X-ray and radio emission is due to an ultra-relativistic jet being launched during the merger (and successfully breaking out of the surrounding material), directed away from our line of sight (off-axis). The presence of such a jet is predicted from models that posit neutron-star mergers as the drivers of short hard-γ-ray bursts. Here we report that the radio light curve of GW170817 has no direct signature of the afterglow of an off-axis jet. Although we cannot completely rule out the existence of a jet directed away from the line of sight, the observed γ-ray emission could not have originated from such a jet. Instead, the radio data require the existence of a mildly relativistic wide-angle outflow moving towards us. This outflow could be the high-velocity tail of the neutron-rich material that was ejected dynamically during the merger, or a cocoon of material that breaks out when a jet launched during the merger transfers its energy to the dynamical ejecta. Because the cocoon model explains the radio light curve of GW170817, as well as the γ-ray and X-ray emission (and possibly also the ultraviolet and optical emission), it is the model that is most consistent with the observational data. Cocoons may be a ubiquitous phenomenon produced in neutron-star mergers, giving rise to a hitherto unidentified population of radio, ultraviolet, X-ray and γ-ray transients in the local Universe.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2018--08
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.
    ZDB-ID 120714-3
    ISSN 1476-4687 ; 0028-0836
    ISSN (online) 1476-4687
    ISSN 0028-0836
    DOI 10.1038/nature25452
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article: Hemorrhagic shock and encephalopathy: is the gastrointestinal tract the culprit?

    Conway, E E / Singer, L P

    The Journal of pediatrics

    1992  Volume 121, Issue 4, Page(s) 668–670

    MeSH term(s) Brain Diseases/etiology ; Digestive System/physiopathology ; Endotoxins/adverse effects ; Fever/complications ; Humans ; Shock, Hemorrhagic/etiology ; Syndrome
    Chemical Substances Endotoxins
    Language English
    Publishing date 1992-10
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Comment ; Letter
    ZDB-ID 3102-1
    ISSN 1097-6833 ; 0022-3476
    ISSN (online) 1097-6833
    ISSN 0022-3476
    DOI 10.1016/s0022-3476(05)81178-3
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article: Hemorrhagic shock and encephalopathy: an entity similar to heatstroke.

    Conway, E E / Singer, L P

    American journal of diseases of children (1960)

    1991  Volume 145, Issue 7, Page(s) 720

    MeSH term(s) Brain Diseases/etiology ; Gastrointestinal Diseases/complications ; Heat Exhaustion/etiology ; Humans ; Infant ; Shock, Hemorrhagic/etiology ; Syndrome
    Language English
    Publishing date 1991-07
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Comment ; Letter
    ZDB-ID 219380-2
    ISSN 0002-922X ; 0096-8994
    ISSN 0002-922X ; 0096-8994
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  4. Article: Complications of pediatric obstructive sleep apnea.

    Singer, L P / Saenger, P

    Otolaryngologic clinics of North America

    1990  Volume 23, Issue 4, Page(s) 665–676

    Abstract: Obstructive apnea, especially OSA, is a common problem in pediatric practice. In young infants, craniofacial anomalies may be the most common contributor to OSA. Complications include failure to thrive, metabolic alkalosis, and respiratory distress which ...

    Abstract Obstructive apnea, especially OSA, is a common problem in pediatric practice. In young infants, craniofacial anomalies may be the most common contributor to OSA. Complications include failure to thrive, metabolic alkalosis, and respiratory distress which can be life-threatening. In children over the age of 2 years, adenoidal and tonsillar hypertrophy is more commonly the cause of upper airway obstruction. The complications of growth failure, cor pulmonale, and adult respiratory distress syndrome were discussed. Obstructive sleep apnea can cause significant complications in both infants and children. These problems can be life-threatening, cause delay in growth and development, or cause subtle long-term learning disabilities. Surgical management of the airway should correct the metabolic and cardiorespiratory disorders. The correction of learning disabilities has not yet been demonstrated.
    MeSH term(s) Alkalosis/etiology ; Alkalosis/physiopathology ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Electroencephalography ; Electromyography ; Facial Bones/abnormalities ; Failure to Thrive/etiology ; Failure to Thrive/physiopathology ; Humans ; Infant ; Infant, Newborn ; Pulmonary Heart Disease/etiology ; Respiratory Distress Syndrome, Newborn/etiology ; Respiratory Distress Syndrome, Newborn/physiopathology ; Skull/abnormalities ; Sleep Apnea Syndromes/complications ; Sleep Apnea Syndromes/physiopathology
    Language English
    Publishing date 1990-08
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 417489-6
    ISSN 1557-8259 ; 0030-6665
    ISSN (online) 1557-8259
    ISSN 0030-6665
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  5. Article: Hemorrhagic shock and encephalopathy syndrome of infants and children.

    Conway, E E / Singer, L P

    Critical care medicine

    1990  Volume 18, Issue 7, Page(s) 792

    MeSH term(s) Child, Preschool ; Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation/etiology ; Humans ; Infant ; Shock, Hemorrhagic/etiology ; Syndrome
    Language English
    Publishing date 1990-07
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Comment ; Letter
    ZDB-ID 197890-1
    ISSN 1530-0293 ; 0090-3493
    ISSN (online) 1530-0293
    ISSN 0090-3493
    DOI 10.1097/00003246-199007000-00030
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  6. Article: Acute benzodiazepine withdrawal after midazolam in children.

    Conway, E E / Singer, L P

    Critical care medicine

    1990  Volume 18, Issue 4, Page(s) 461

    MeSH term(s) Acute Disease ; Child ; Humans ; Infant ; Midazolam/adverse effects ; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome/diagnosis ; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome/etiology
    Chemical Substances Midazolam (R60L0SM5BC)
    Language English
    Publishing date 1990-04
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Comment ; Letter
    ZDB-ID 197890-1
    ISSN 1530-0293 ; 0090-3493
    ISSN (online) 1530-0293
    ISSN 0090-3493
    DOI 10.1097/00003246-199004000-00034
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  7. Article: Effects of dantrolene on cooling times and cardiovascular parameters in an immature porcine model of heatstroke.

    Zuckerman, G B / Singer, L P / Rubin, D H / Conway, E E

    Critical care medicine

    1997  Volume 25, Issue 1, Page(s) 135–139

    Abstract: Objective: To evaluate the effects of dantrolene on cooling times and cardiovascular parameters in an immature porcine model of heatstroke.: Design: Prospective, randomized, controlled, multigroup study.: Setting: Research animal laboratory.: ... ...

    Abstract Objective: To evaluate the effects of dantrolene on cooling times and cardiovascular parameters in an immature porcine model of heatstroke.
    Design: Prospective, randomized, controlled, multigroup study.
    Setting: Research animal laboratory.
    Subjects: Yorkshire piglets (n = 16), 4 to 5 wks of age, 3.5 to 4.5 kg of body weight.
    Interventions: Animals were slowly heated with a radiant heat source to 43 degrees C and then maintained at this temperature for 30 mins. The animals were then removed from the heat source and randomized into one of four groups to receive either conventional cooling methods consisting of fluid resuscitation with 0.9% sodium chloride solution, sponging with room temperature water, mechanical fanning, and gastric lavage with iced 0.9% sodium chloride solution (group 1), conventional cooling methods and dantrolene (group 2), conventional cooling methods and dantrolene's vehicle mannitol (group 3), or no treatment (group 4). Cooling times, defined as the time required to reach a core body temperature of 38.5 degrees C, and cardiovascular parameters for each group were then compared.
    Measurements and main results: Animals in groups 1, 2, and 3 had significantly (p < .05) lower core body temperatures than animals that received no treatment at the conclusion of the experiment. Piglets in groups 2 and 3 had faster cooling times than piglets in group 1 (p < .05). However, there was no statistically significant difference in cooling times between the animals in groups 2 and 3. There were no statistically significant differences in heart rate, mean arterial pressure, central venous pressure, pulmonary artery occlusion pressure, or systemic vascular resistance index between animals in groups 1, 2, or 3. Group 3 piglets had higher cardiac indices and stroke indices than the piglets in the other groups (p < .05).
    Conclusions: Therapeutic interventions with conventional cooling or conventional cooling and dantrolene provided significant improvement in cardiovascular function in an immature porcine heatstroke model. Dantrolene, given with conventional cooling methods, offered no significant improvement in cardiovascular parameters compared with conventional cooling methods alone. Dantrolene significantly shortened the cooling time compared with conventional cooling but did not significantly shorten the cooling time compared with its vehicle, mannitol. Although dantrolene significantly shortened the cooling time, it did not appear to be superior compared with conventional cooling methods in treating heatstroke in this immature porcine heatstroke model.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Body Temperature/drug effects ; Cardiovascular System/drug effects ; Dantrolene/pharmacology ; Dantrolene/therapeutic use ; Disease Models, Animal ; Fluid Therapy ; Heat Stroke/drug therapy ; Heat Stroke/physiopathology ; Heat Stroke/therapy ; Hemodynamics ; Muscle Relaxants, Central/pharmacology ; Muscle Relaxants, Central/therapeutic use ; Swine ; Time Factors
    Chemical Substances Muscle Relaxants, Central ; Dantrolene (F64QU97QCR)
    Language English
    Publishing date 1997-01
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Comparative Study ; Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 197890-1
    ISSN 1530-0293 ; 0090-3493
    ISSN (online) 1530-0293
    ISSN 0090-3493
    DOI 10.1097/00003246-199701000-00025
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  8. Article: Acute peritoneal dialysis as both cause and treatment of hypernatremia in an infant.

    Moritz, M L / del Rio, M / Crooke, G A / Singer, L P

    Pediatric nephrology (Berlin, Germany)

    2001  Volume 16, Issue 9, Page(s) 697–700

    Abstract: This report describes a 4-month-old infant with multisystem organ failure who developed severe hypernatremia (sodium 168 mEq/l) due to rapid free water removal associated with acute peritoneal dialysis instituted for fluid overload. The current report ... ...

    Abstract This report describes a 4-month-old infant with multisystem organ failure who developed severe hypernatremia (sodium 168 mEq/l) due to rapid free water removal associated with acute peritoneal dialysis instituted for fluid overload. The current report describes the pathophysiology of the hypernatremia, and its correction by low-sodium hypertonic peritoneal dialysis without compromising ultrafiltration or supplementing with free water. Although peritoneal dialysis can cause hypernatremia, a modified solute concentration in the dialysate can treat the hypernatremia successfully.
    MeSH term(s) Female ; Humans ; Hypernatremia/etiology ; Infant ; Peritoneal Dialysis/adverse effects
    Language English
    Publishing date 2001-04-09
    Publishing country Germany
    Document type Case Reports ; Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 631932-4
    ISSN 1432-198X ; 0931-041X
    ISSN (online) 1432-198X
    ISSN 0931-041X
    DOI 10.1007/s004670100644
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  9. Article ; Online: A radio counterpart to a neutron star merger.

    Hallinan, G / Corsi, A / Mooley, K P / Hotokezaka, K / Nakar, E / Kasliwal, M M / Kaplan, D L / Frail, D A / Myers, S T / Murphy, T / De, K / Dobie, D / Allison, J R / Bannister, K W / Bhalerao, V / Chandra, P / Clarke, T E / Giacintucci, S / Ho, A Y Q /
    Horesh, A / Kassim, N E / Kulkarni, S R / Lenc, E / Lockman, F J / Lynch, C / Nichols, D / Nissanke, S / Palliyaguru, N / Peters, W M / Piran, T / Rana, J / Sadler, E M / Singer, L P

    Science (New York, N.Y.)

    2017  

    Abstract: Gravitational waves have been detected from a binary neutron star merger event, GW170817. The detection of electromagnetic radiation from the same source has shown that the merger occurred in the outskirts of the galaxy NGC 4993, at a distance of 40 ... ...

    Abstract Gravitational waves have been detected from a binary neutron star merger event, GW170817. The detection of electromagnetic radiation from the same source has shown that the merger occurred in the outskirts of the galaxy NGC 4993, at a distance of 40 megaparsecs from Earth. We report the detection of a counterpart radio source that appears 16 days after the event, allowing us to diagnose the energetics and environment of the merger. The observed radio emission can be explained by either a collimated ultra-relativistic jet viewed off-axis, or a cocoon of mildly relativistic ejecta. Within 100 days of the merger, the radio light curves will distinguish between these models and very long baseline interferometry will have the capability to directly measure the angular velocity and geometry of the debris.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2017-10-16
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 128410-1
    ISSN 1095-9203 ; 0036-8075
    ISSN (online) 1095-9203
    ISSN 0036-8075
    DOI 10.1126/science.aap9855
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  10. Article: Relationship between arterial, mixed venous, and internal jugular carboxyhemoglobin concentrations at low, medium, and high concentrations in a piglet model of carbon monoxide toxicity.

    Lopez, D M / Weingarten-Arams, J S / Singer, L P / Conway, E E

    Critical care medicine

    2000  Volume 28, Issue 6, Page(s) 1998–2001

    Abstract: Objective: This study tested the hypothesis that mixed venous carboxyhemoglobin concentrations (V-COHb) and internal jugular carboxyhemoglobin concentrations (I-COHb) accurately predict arterial carboxyhemoglobin concentrations (A-COHb). In addition, ... ...

    Abstract Objective: This study tested the hypothesis that mixed venous carboxyhemoglobin concentrations (V-COHb) and internal jugular carboxyhemoglobin concentrations (I-COHb) accurately predict arterial carboxyhemoglobin concentrations (A-COHb). In addition, this study tested the hypothesis that there is a high correlation at low (COHb, 0% to 10%), moderate (COHb, >10% to 40%), and high (COHb, >40%) concentrations between V-COHb, I-COHb, and A-COHb.
    Design: The study was a prospective comparison of A-COHb, V-COHb, and I-COHb concentrations in piglets exposed to increasing concentrations of carbon monoxide over 6 hrs to achieve a concentration of > or =60% COHb. Carboxyhemoglobin measurements were evaluated by analysis of variance and correlation analysis. Agreement between V-COHb and A-COHb concentrations was examined by using a plot of arteriovenous differences against the mean of the two measurements.
    Intervention: We simultaneously sampled arterial, mixed venous, and internal jugular blood every 30 mins over the 6-hr study period.
    Results: Two hundred fifty arterial and mixed venous COHb concentrations were obtained, and 214 internal jugular COHb concentrations were obtained. One hundred additional arterial, mixed venous, internal jugular, and peripheral COHb concentrations were obtained. Correlation between samples at each concentration revealed r2 > = .94.
    Conclusion: Venous COHb concentrations predict arterial COHb concentrations with a high degree of accuracy and are correlated at low, moderate, and high concentrations of carbon monoxide exposure. Arterial or venous samples can be used to accurately measure COHb concentrations.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Arteries ; Carbon Monoxide/administration & dosage ; Carbon Monoxide Poisoning/blood ; Carboxyhemoglobin/analysis ; Jugular Veins ; Swine
    Chemical Substances Carbon Monoxide (7U1EE4V452) ; Carboxyhemoglobin (9061-29-4)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2000-06
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Comparative Study ; Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 197890-1
    ISSN 1530-0293 ; 0090-3493
    ISSN (online) 1530-0293
    ISSN 0090-3493
    DOI 10.1097/00003246-200006000-00053
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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