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Article: Novel Approaches to Sleep Apnea in Heart Failure.

Jackson, Gregory R / Singh, Abhinav

2023 Volume 20, Issue 1, Page(s) 29–38

Abstract: Sleep apnea is a serious comorbid condition affecting patients with heart failure. Present in 50% to 75% of heart failure patients, it is often underrecognized, underdiagnosed, and undertreated. Patients with sleep apnea and heart failure are at ... ...

Abstract	Sleep apnea is a serious comorbid condition affecting patients with heart failure. Present in 50% to 75% of heart failure patients, it is often underrecognized, underdiagnosed, and undertreated. Patients with sleep apnea and heart failure are at increased risk of adverse cardiovascular events and sudden death. Treatment of sleep apnea has shown mixed results in reduction of adverse outcomes by sleep apnea type and intervention strategy. Evolving home-based technologies and device therapies present an exciting frontier for patients with sleep apnea and heart failure and an opportunity to improve outcomes. This article reviews novel approaches to sleep apnea in heart failure.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Sleep Apnea, Central/epidemiology ; Sleep Apnea, Central/etiology ; Sleep Apnea, Central/therapy ; Cheyne-Stokes Respiration/diagnosis ; Cheyne-Stokes Respiration/etiology ; Cheyne-Stokes Respiration/therapy ; Sleep Apnea Syndromes/complications ; Sleep Apnea Syndromes/therapy ; Heart Failure/complications ; Heart Failure/therapy ; Continuous Positive Airway Pressure/methods
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-06-25
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	2212019-1
ISSN	1551-7136
ISSN	1551-7136
DOI	10.1016/j.hfc.2023.05.007
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Article ; Online: Risk factors and associated pathway for rural and urban unmet dental prosthetic needs among older adults in Central India.

Singh, Abhinav / Purohit, Bharathi M / Purohit, Abhishek

Special care in dentistry : official publication of the American Association of Hospital Dentists, the Academy of Dentistry for the Handicapped, and the American Society for Geriatric Dentistry

2024

Abstract: Aim: This study was undertaken to evaluate the risk factors and associated pathways for unmet dental prosthetic needs among older adult population in Central India.: Methods: A total of 11,145 randomly selected older adults participated in the study; ...

Abstract	Aim: This study was undertaken to evaluate the risk factors and associated pathways for unmet dental prosthetic needs among older adult population in Central India. Methods: A total of 11,145 randomly selected older adults participated in the study; 4613 from urban region and 6532 form rural region. Oral examinations were conducted at individual households for recording dental caries, periodontal disease, prosthetic status and needs. Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) was used to examine relationship between a set of exogenous variables and unmet dental prosthetic needs with variables that remained significant in the adjusted multilevel logistic model. Path coefficients were calculated for all variables with 95% confidence interval. Goodness of fit of the model was assessed by several indices. Results: A total of 8433 (75.7%) participants had never visited a dentist and 9139 (82%) had unmet dental prosthetic needs. Dental caries was observed among 3207 (69.5%) and 4644 (71.1%) study participants from urban and rural regions respectively (p < .05). Low utilization of dental services was associated with high dental prosthetic needs in upper arch and lower arch (PC = -0.05, 0.001) and DMFT was associated with lower utilization of dental services (PC = -0.09, 0.001). DMFT was also associated with age, annual income, level of education, paternal education, type of family, tobacco consumption and CPI score in the hypothesized model. The fit indices used indicated that the model was adequate. Conclusions: Dental prosthetic needs in the proposed pathway model was associated with low utilization of dental services, dental caries, periodontal disease and other socio-demographic factors.
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-02-01
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	604118-8
ISSN	1754-4505 ; 0275-1879
ISSN (online)	1754-4505
ISSN	0275-1879
DOI	10.1111/scd.12967
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Article ; Online: Global perspective on child and adolescent oral health: a systematic review and meta-analysis of oral impacts on daily performance.

Purohit, Abhishek / Singh, Abhinav / Purohit, Bharathi M / Shakti, Prateek

Evidence-based dentistry

2024

Abstract: Objective: Several prevalence studies have estimated the region-specific impact of oral diseases on oral health-related quality of life. However, none of them reported and compared the same from a global perspective. This meta-analysis aims to evaluate ... ...

Abstract	Objective: Several prevalence studies have estimated the region-specific impact of oral diseases on oral health-related quality of life. However, none of them reported and compared the same from a global perspective. This meta-analysis aims to evaluate pooled epidemiologic data about child-oral impacts on daily performance (C-OIDP) globally. Methods: A search was conducted in PubMed, Science Direct, SciELO, Semantic scholar, and Cochrane databases up to January 2023. Studies evaluating OIDP among 11-18-year-olds were included in the review. Quality of the included studies was evaluated using the health states quality index for cross-sectional studies. The meta-analysis used R package software version 4.3.0. A common effect model was used to calculate the pooled prevalence. The protocol was registered in the PROSPERO (CRD-NIHR) database with Reference ID CRD42023393798. Results: The systematic literature search yielded 257 unique citations. After screening titles and abstracts, 214 irrelevant citations were excluded, leaving 55 for full-text review. Overall, 43 studies from 23 countries were included. The meta-analysis reported a pooled prevalence impact C-OIDP of 53.36% (CI: 52.78-53.95, 43 studies, 16,622 participants). The prevalence of C-OIDP scores among South America, Asia, Europe, Africa and Oceania was 83%, 63%, 58%, 33% and 47%, respectively. The maximum prevalence was reported in South America while the least prevalence was noted in the African population. Conclusion: Oral diseases affect the oral health-related quality of life of more than half of children and adolescents globally. Huge variations were noted in the prevalence of oral impacts across different regions. These findings can be utilized by policymakers to draft measures required for reducing impacts of oral diseases and improving the health-related quality of life.
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-02-27
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1457588-7
ISSN	1476-5446 ; 1462-0049
ISSN (online)	1476-5446
ISSN	1462-0049
DOI	10.1038/s41432-024-00988-7
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Article ; Online: Cultural factors and family influences on adolescent oral health: qualitative research in a socially disadvantaged population.

Purohit, Bharathi M / Singh, Abhinav / Barbi, Wagisha / Ahmad, Shamshad

International journal of paediatric dentistry

2024

Abstract: Aim: This qualitative study sought to assess the influence of cultural factors and family on oral health behaviour of 12- to 15-year-old adolescents from the socially disadvantaged population.: Design: A qualitative design was developed with focus ... ...

Abstract	Aim: This qualitative study sought to assess the influence of cultural factors and family on oral health behaviour of 12- to 15-year-old adolescents from the socially disadvantaged population. Design: A qualitative design was developed with focus group discussions (FGDs) among 12- to 15-year-old adolescents. Four focus groups (n = 32 participants) were created from a selected sample to capture oral health beliefs and practices, oral health-seeking behaviour along with other relevant information. Focus group discussions were audio-recorded, transcribed verbatim and translated. Data were analysed thematically and structural coding was applied. Results: Three key themes that emerged from FGDs were importance of oral health; role of family in oral health behaviour; and beliefs influencing access, prevention and treatment of oral diseases. Cultural background, family values and beliefs were imperative in moulding the behaviour of adolescents towards oral health. The use of traditional oral hygiene aides was a norm in this population. Conclusions: Findings of the study provide greater insights into the authoritative role of family and cultural barriers in the uptake of dental services. The study also highlights the potential value of qualitative research and emphasizes the need to integrate oral health-associated cultural beliefs and attitudes of the adolescents towards a wider evidence base.
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-03-04
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1070942-3
ISSN	1365-263X ; 0960-7439
ISSN (online)	1365-263X
ISSN	0960-7439
DOI	10.1111/ipd.13170
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Article ; Online: Does This Infant Have a Dislocated Hip?: The Rational Clinical Examination Systematic Review.

Singh, Abhinav / Wade, Ryckie George / Metcalfe, David / Perry, Daniel C

JAMA

2024

Abstract: Importance: Delayed diagnosis of a dislocated hip in infants can lead to complex childhood surgery, interruption to family life, and premature osteoarthritis.: Objective: To evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of clinical examination in identifying ... ...

Abstract	Importance: Delayed diagnosis of a dislocated hip in infants can lead to complex childhood surgery, interruption to family life, and premature osteoarthritis. Objective: To evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of clinical examination in identifying dislocated hips in infants. Data sources: Systematic search of CINAHL, Embase, MEDLINE, and the Cochrane Library from the inception of each database until October 31, 2023. Study selection: The 9 included studies reported the diagnostic accuracy of the clinical examination (index test) in infants aged 3 months or younger and a diagnostic hip ultrasound (reference test). The Graf method of ultrasound assessment was used to classify hip abnormalities. Data extraction and synthesis: The Rational Clinical Examination scale was used to assign levels of evidence and the Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies tool was used to assess bias. Data were extracted using the individual hip as the unit of analysis; the data were pooled when the clinical examinations were evaluated by 3 or more of the included studies. Main outcomes and measures: Sensitivity, specificity, and likelihood ratios (LRs) of identifying a dislocated hip were calculated. Results: Among infants screened with a clinical examination and a diagnostic ultrasound in 5 studies, the prevalence of a dislocated hip (n = 37 859 hips) was 0.94% (95% CI, 0.28%-2.0%). There were 8 studies (n = 44 827 hips) that evaluated use of the Barlow maneuver and the Ortolani maneuver (dislocate and relocate an unstable hip); the maneuvers had a sensitivity of 46% (95% CI, 26%-67%), a specificity of 99.1% (95% CI, 97.9%-99.6%), a positive LR of 52 (95% CI, 21-127), and a negative LR of 0.55 (95% CI, 0.37-0.82). There were 3 studies (n = 22 472 hips) that evaluated limited hip abduction and had a sensitivity of 13% (95% CI, 3.3%-37%), a specificity of 97% (95% CI, 87%-99%), a positive LR of 3.6 (95% CI, 0.72-18), and a negative LR of 0.91 (95% CI, 0.76-1.1). One study (n = 13 096 hips) evaluated a clicking sound and had a sensitivity of 13% (95% CI, 6.4%-21%), a specificity of 92% (95% CI, 92%-93%), a positive LR of 1.6 (95% CI, 0.91-2.8), and a negative LR of 0.95 (95% CI, 0.88-1.0). Conclusions and relevance: In studies in which all infant hips were screened for developmental dysplasia of the hip, the prevalence of a dislocated hip was 0.94%. A positive LR for the Barlow and Ortolani maneuvers was the finding most associated with an increased likelihood of a dislocated hip. Limited hip abduction or a clicking sound had no clear diagnostic utility.
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-04-15
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2958-0
ISSN	1538-3598 ; 0254-9077 ; 0002-9955 ; 0098-7484
ISSN (online)	1538-3598
ISSN	0254-9077 ; 0002-9955 ; 0098-7484
DOI	10.1001/jama.2024.2404
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Article: Clinical Classification of Urethrocutaneous Fistulas Developing after Hypospadias Repair.

Singh, Abhinav / Singh, Malika / Singh, Raghubir

Indian journal of plastic surgery : official publication of the Association of Plastic Surgeons of India

2023 Volume 56, Issue 3, Page(s) 228–237

Abstract: ... ...

Abstract	Background
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-03-10
Publishing country	Germany
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2118680-7
ISSN	1998-376X ; 0970-0358
ISSN (online)	1998-376X
ISSN	0970-0358
DOI	10.1055/s-0043-1761598
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Article ; Online: A reaction network scheme for hidden Markov model parameter learning.

Wiuf, Carsten / Behera, Abhishek / Singh, Abhinav / Gopalkrishnan, Manoj

Journal of the Royal Society, Interface

2023 Volume 20, Issue 203, Page(s) 20220877

Abstract: With a view towards artificial cells, molecular communication systems, molecular multiagent systems and federated learning, we propose a novel reaction network scheme (termed the Baum-Welch (BW) reaction network) that learns parameters for hidden Markov ... ...

Abstract	With a view towards artificial cells, molecular communication systems, molecular multiagent systems and federated learning, we propose a novel reaction network scheme (termed the Baum-Welch (BW) reaction network) that learns parameters for hidden Markov models (HMMs). All variables including inputs and outputs are encoded by separate species. Each reaction in the scheme changes only one molecule of one species to one molecule of another. The reverse change is also accessible but via a different set of enzymes, in a design reminiscent of futile cycles in biochemical pathways. We show that every positive fixed point of the BW algorithm for HMMs is a fixed point of the reaction network scheme, and vice versa. Furthermore, we prove that the 'expectation' step and the 'maximization' step of the reaction network separately converge exponentially fast and compute the same values as the E-step and the M-step of the BW algorithm. We simulate example sequences, and show that our reaction network learns the same parameters for the HMM as the BW algorithm, and that the log-likelihood increases continuously along the trajectory of the reaction network.
MeSH term(s)	Algorithms ; Markov Chains
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-06-21
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2156283-0
ISSN	1742-5662 ; 1742-5689
ISSN (online)	1742-5662
ISSN	1742-5689
DOI	10.1098/rsif.2022.0877
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Article ; Online: ABO Blood Groups and Its Association with Oral Cancer, Oral Potentially Malignant Disorders and Oral Submucous Fibrosis- A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Singh, Abhinav / Purohit, Bharathi M

Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention : APJCP

2021 Volume 22, Issue 6, Page(s) 1703–1712

Abstract: Objective: The study aimed to evaluate the association between ABO blood groups and oral cancer, other potentially malignant disorders (OPMD), and oral submucous fibrosis (OSMF).: Materials and methods: A search was conducted in Medline, Cochrane ... ...

Abstract	Objective: The study aimed to evaluate the association between ABO blood groups and oral cancer, other potentially malignant disorders (OPMD), and oral submucous fibrosis (OSMF). Materials and methods: A search was conducted in Medline, Cochrane databases, Google Scholar, Scopus, Web of Science and Directory of Open Access Journals (DOAJ) for studies evaluating ABO blood groups as risk factors for oral cancer and OPMD among cases and controls. The PRISMA guidelines were followed for the meta-analysis. Participants included patients with oral cancer, and OPMD diagnosed using histopathologic investigations. Sub-group analysis was conducted to evaluate the association between blood groups and OSMF. Quality was evaluated using the Risk of Bias Assessment tool. Fixed effects model was used to assess the odds ratio for the association. Results: There were 1352, 414, and 299 cases of oral cancer, OPMD, and OSMF and 11,699, 7382 and 7307 controls for analysis respectively. Blood group A was significantly associated with both oral cancer (Odds ratio: 1.27 [95% CI, 1.10, 1.47], P= 0.001) and OPMD (Odds ratio: 1.33 [95% CI, 1.01, 1.47], P= 0.04). No association was noted between blood group B and AB with oral cancer, OPMD, and OSMF. Blood group O was significantly associated with lower chances of oral cancer (Odds ratio: 0.81 [95% CI, 0.71, 0.93], P= 0.002). Conclusion: Meta-analysis suggests blood group A has a greater risk for developing oral cancer and OPMD. Blood group O was associated with lower chances of oral cancer. No association was noted between ABO blood group system with OSMF.
MeSH term(s)	ABO Blood-Group System ; Humans ; Mouth Neoplasms/blood ; Oral Submucous Fibrosis/blood ; Precancerous Conditions/blood ; Risk Factors
Chemical Substances	ABO Blood-Group System
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-06-01
Publishing country	Thailand
Document type	Journal Article ; Meta-Analysis ; Systematic Review
ZDB-ID	2218955-5
ISSN	2476-762X ; 1513-7368
ISSN (online)	2476-762X
ISSN	1513-7368
DOI	10.31557/APJCP.2021.22.6.1703
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Article ; Online: Assessment of urban sprawls, amenities, and indifferences of LST and AOD in sub-urban area: a case study of Jammu.

Varade, Divyesh / Singh, Hemant / Singh, Abhinav Pratap / Awasthi, Shubham

Environmental science and pollution research international

2023 Volume 30, Issue 49, Page(s) 107179–107198

Abstract: Urbanization, particularly in peri-urban areas, often results in critically transforming the regional land use and land cover (LULC). The increased built-up in peri-urban areas affects the regional accessibility of residents of urban clusters to ... ...

Abstract	Urbanization, particularly in peri-urban areas, often results in critically transforming the regional land use and land cover (LULC). The increased built-up in peri-urban areas affects the regional accessibility of residents of urban clusters to requisite amenities and severely affects the regional environment, as observed in the case of Jammu district situated in the foothills of the Indian Himalayas. The present study is aimed at assessing the rise of urban sprawls in Jammu district over the past two decades and how the urbanization has affected the lag in the number of amenities corresponding to the urban growth based on qualitative parameters. Further, a parameterization scheme is developed to assess the amenities quality. A comparison is made with Indore, a planned smart city, to assess the status of urbanization and residential quality based on an amenity index. The study also investigates the indifferences observed in some of the climate variables in the urban and sub-urban settings of the Jammu district. The investigation is conducted through a multi-ring buffer analysis approach utilizing the land use land cover (LULC) products based on Landsat 8/7 satellite imagery of 2002, 2013, and 2021. The indifferences in the settings are analyzed using MODIS aerosol optical depth (AOD) and land surface temperature (LST) products. The analysis leads to determination of critical urban parameters including the urban area, density, and growth rate, revealing significant urbanization at 25-27 km from the city center. Significant indifferences are observed in urban and sub-urban areas indicating higher rise in LST and AOD, particularly in the recent decade. These investigations provide critical information to urban and climate solution authorities for planning and management, particularly in critically endangered areas.
MeSH term(s)	Temperature ; Environmental Monitoring/methods ; Cities ; Urbanization ; Satellite Imagery
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-03-28
Publishing country	Germany
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1178791-0
ISSN	1614-7499 ; 0944-1344
ISSN (online)	1614-7499
ISSN	0944-1344
DOI	10.1007/s11356-023-26481-9
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Article: Neuromodulation of spinal reflex pathway for the treatment of detrusor overactivity by medial plantar nerve stimulation at surface of sole of foot in patients with spinal cord injury.

Ojha, Rajdeep / Singh, Abhinav / George, Jacob / Chandy, Bobeena Rachel

Journal of neurosciences in rural practice

2023 Volume 14, Issue 3, Page(s) 495–500

Abstract: Objectives: Suprasacral spinal cord lesions are prone to have neurogenic detrusor overactivity leading to urinary incontinence. Current medical management has known side-effects and often surgical managements are irreversible. Electrical stimulation to ... ...

Abstract	Objectives: Suprasacral spinal cord lesions are prone to have neurogenic detrusor overactivity leading to urinary incontinence. Current medical management has known side-effects and often surgical managements are irreversible. Electrical stimulation to modulate spinal reflex pathway having same nerve root as urinary bladder is reported in the literature. This study aimed to reduce detrusor overactivity in patients with spinal cord injury (SCI) using surface electrical stimulation of medial plantar nerve at the sole of foot. Materials and methods: Twenty adults with SCI having episode of at least 1 leak/day due to detrusor overactivity as diagnosed by cystometrogram (CMG), were on clean intermittent catheterization and ankle jerk was present consented for the study. Participants were asked to maintain bladder diary a week before and during 2 weeks of treatment. CMG was done on day-0 and day-14. cmcUroModul@tor Results: Statistical significant improvement in maximum detrusor pressure ( Conclusion: Neuromodulation of medial plantar nerve at sole of foot by surface electrical stimulation is non-invasive, cost-effective, and alternative simple treatment modality for urinary incontinence due to detrusor overactivity.
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-08-16
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2601242-X
ISSN	0976-3155 ; 0976-3147
ISSN (online)	0976-3155
ISSN	0976-3147
DOI	10.25259/JNRP_27_2023
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