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Article ; Online: Should we recruit trainees into the Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery pathway at the beginning of the second degree to ensure the long term viability of the specialty?

Singh, Rabindra P

The British journal of oral & maxillofacial surgery

2020 Volume 58, Issue 10, Page(s) 1353–1354

Abstract: There has been a sustained decline in the number of trainees applying for entry into the Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery (OMFS) training program, which has sparked further debate on the issue of OMFS training and the future of the specialty in the United ... ...

Abstract	There has been a sustained decline in the number of trainees applying for entry into the Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery (OMFS) training program, which has sparked further debate on the issue of OMFS training and the future of the specialty in the United Kingdom. Here I discuss the option of recruiting the trainees into the program at the beginning of their second degree to streamline the training, and to improve the recruitment drive to ensure long term viability of the specialty.
MeSH term(s)	Dental Care ; Humans ; Surgery, Oral ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; United Kingdom
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-10-28
Publishing country	Scotland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	605685-4
ISSN	1532-1940 ; 0266-4356
ISSN (online)	1532-1940
ISSN	0266-4356
DOI	10.1016/j.bjoms.2020.10.013
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Article ; Online: Dental emergencies presenting to maxillofacial units during the COVID-19 pandemic: a five-centre UK hospital study.

Blackhall, Kristian K / Singh, Rabindra P

British dental journal

2021

Abstract: Introduction Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) represents an unprecedented challenge to healthcare. Provision of dental services was significantly affected, with limited provision for emergencies resulting in patients increasingly attending hospitals ... ...

Abstract	Introduction Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) represents an unprecedented challenge to healthcare. Provision of dental services was significantly affected, with limited provision for emergencies resulting in patients increasingly attending hospitals.Objectives and methods The aim of the study was to assess the provision of emergency dental services by the maxillofacial departments during the initial COVID-19 pandemic lockdown in the United Kingdom. At the outset of the first lockdown, we initiated a prospective study to monitor the presentation and management of dental emergencies at five hospital trusts. Data were collected onto an online live database until the lockdown relaxation.Results Of a total of 211 dental emergencies, 156 were infection-related, 42 were trauma-related and 12 were cases of post-operative complications. A proportion of patients (76%) could have been treated in primary care, with 52% of presentations having already been 'triaged' on several occasions by urgent dental hubs and given multiple antibiotic courses, rather than any direct treatment.Conclusion There is a need to restructure emergency dental service provision as well as planning for possible further COVID-19 spikes and future pandemics.
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-01-07
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	218090-x
ISSN	1476-5373 ; 0007-0610
ISSN (online)	1476-5373
ISSN	0007-0610
DOI	10.1038/s41415-020-2499-1
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Article ; Online: Conservative technique for enucleation of a large dentigerous cyst through bony fenestrations.

Mitchell, Oliver R / Singh, Rabindra P

The British journal of oral & maxillofacial surgery

2019 Volume 57, Issue 7, Page(s) 704–705

MeSH term(s)	Dentigerous Cyst/diagnostic imaging ; Dentigerous Cyst/surgery ; Humans ; Incidental Findings ; Male ; Mandibular Diseases ; Middle Aged ; Radiography, Panoramic
Language	English
Publishing date	2019-06-14
Publishing country	Scotland
Document type	Case Reports ; Journal Article
ZDB-ID	605685-4
ISSN	1532-1940 ; 0266-4356
ISSN (online)	1532-1940
ISSN	0266-4356
DOI	10.1016/j.bjoms.2019.05.025
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Article ; Online: How effective is 5-Fluorouracil as an adjuvant in the management of odontogenic keratocyst? A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Singh, Ashutosh Kumar / Khanal, Nikita / Chaulagain, Rajib / Bhujel, Nabina / Singh, Rabindra P

The British journal of oral & maxillofacial surgery

2022 Volume 60, Issue 6, Page(s) 746–754

Abstract: Odontogenic keratocyst (OKC) is known for its benign but aggressive clinical behaviour, and presents a challenge in its management due to high recurrence rate following surgical intervention. The sourcing of Carnoy's solution, the widely used adjunct in ... ...

Abstract	Odontogenic keratocyst (OKC) is known for its benign but aggressive clinical behaviour, and presents a challenge in its management due to high recurrence rate following surgical intervention. The sourcing of Carnoy's solution, the widely used adjunct in OKC treatment, has lately become difficult especially after its banning by the United States Food and Drugs Agency (FDA). This has generated interest in exploring alternative chemical agents such as 5-Fluorouracil (5-FU) and Modified Carnoy's solution (MCS). We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to assess the effectiveness of 5-FU as an adjunct following surgical intervention of OKC. A protocol was registered in PROSPERO prior to the literature search. All studies reporting the use of 5-FU in OKC treatment were included in the initial search of multiple literature databases. Of the 148 initially identified articles, three met the criteria for the final appraisal. The relevant data were extracted and a meta-analysis was undertaken in relation to recurrence rate and nerve paraesthesia. There were no recurrence observed in cases treated with 5-FU (n=56), and the incidence of nerve paraesthesia was 20% (none permanent). This systematic review has revealed early encouraging results for 5-FU as an adjunct, however a caution is recommended due to overall low quality of evidence related to individual studies. We present the cumulative evidence on the effectiveness of 5-FU in OKC treatment with discussion on its mechanism of action, safety profile, application protocol, and the implications for clinical practice.
MeSH term(s)	Adjuvants, Immunologic ; Fluorouracil/therapeutic use ; Humans ; Odontogenic Cysts/drug therapy ; Odontogenic Cysts/surgery ; Odontogenic Tumors/surgery ; Paresthesia
Chemical Substances	Adjuvants, Immunologic ; Fluorouracil (U3P01618RT)
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-02-17
Publishing country	Scotland
Document type	Journal Article ; Meta-Analysis ; Review ; Systematic Review
ZDB-ID	605685-4
ISSN	1532-1940 ; 0266-4356
ISSN (online)	1532-1940
ISSN	0266-4356
DOI	10.1016/j.bjoms.2022.02.001
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Article ; Online: Does BRAF mutation status and related clinicopathological factors affect the recurrence rate of ameloblastoma? A systematic review, meta-analysis and metaregression.

Singh, Ashutosh Kumar / Alagarsamy, Ragavi / Chaulagain, Rajib / Singh, Abanish / Sapkota, Dipak / Thavaraj, Selvam / Singh, Rabindra P

Journal of oral pathology & medicine : official publication of the International Association of Oral Pathologists and the American Academy of Oral Pathology

2023 Volume 52, Issue 10, Page(s) 895–903

Abstract: Objectives: This review aims to analyse the recurrence rate in BRAFv600e+ and BRAFv600e- ameloblastomas and explore its association with clinicopathological variables.: Methods: A comprehensive search was conducted using databases including PubMed, ... ...

Abstract	Objectives: This review aims to analyse the recurrence rate in BRAFv600e+ and BRAFv600e- ameloblastomas and explore its association with clinicopathological variables. Methods: A comprehensive search was conducted using databases including PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Clinicaltrials.gov, Google Scholar and grey literature, without any limitation on start date or language up to 20 June 2023. A random effect meta-analysis was conducted and Metaregression analyses were performed based on available clinicopathological factors. Results: Fifteen studies met the criteria for meta-analysis of outcomes. There was no significant difference in overall recurrence rates between the two groups (risk difference = 0.001, p-value = 0.987). Increasing male:female ratio in the BRAFv600e+ group was associated with a lower reported recurrence, suggesting a higher recurrence rate in females. The odds of having mandibular lesion were four times higher in BRAFv600e+ cases compared to BRAFv600e- cases (confidence interval: 2.121-7.870, p < 0.001, I Conclusion: Within the BRAFv600e+ group, females showed a higher reported recurrence rate. This specific clinical group may benefit from BRAFv600e mutation investigation and potential upscaled surgical treatment and additional BRAF inhibitor therapy, which needs validation in future studies.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Male ; Female ; Ameloblastoma/genetics ; Ameloblastoma/pathology ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins B-raf/genetics ; Mutation ; Molecular Targeted Therapy
Chemical Substances	Proto-Oncogene Proteins B-raf (EC 2.7.11.1) ; BRAF protein, human (EC 2.7.11.1)
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-10-23
Publishing country	Denmark
Document type	Systematic Review ; Meta-Analysis ; Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	1021270-x
ISSN	1600-0714 ; 0904-2512
ISSN (online)	1600-0714
ISSN	0904-2512
DOI	10.1111/jop.13494
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Article ; Online: The versatility of the Karapandzic flap: A review of 65 cases with patient-reported outcomes.

Teemul, Trevor A / Telfer, Alexander / Singh, Rabindra P / Telfer, Martin R

Journal of cranio-maxillo-facial surgery : official publication of the European Association for Cranio-Maxillo-Facial Surgery

2017 Volume 45, Issue 2, Page(s) 325–329

Abstract: Objective: The Karapandzic flap is an established technique for reconstruction of large lip defects and in our experience is particularly valuable in repair of the upper lateral lip and the commissures as well. We present our experience in a case series ...

Abstract	Objective: The Karapandzic flap is an established technique for reconstruction of large lip defects and in our experience is particularly valuable in repair of the upper lateral lip and the commissures as well. We present our experience in a case series of 65 patients under one consultant. Method: This is a retrospective study of patients who underwent Karapandzic flap repair for lip defects following cancer resection from 2007 to 2014 in North Yorkshire. A data collection tool was used which incorporated patient demographics, tumour location, histology, complications, resection margins and recurrence including functional and aesthetic outcomes. The Patient and Observer Scar Assessment Scale (POSAS) was used to assess postoperative outcome at more than 1 year. Results: The clearance rate was 98.4%. For those with a follow-up greater than 1 year, there was no recurrence or surgical revision, whilst the most common concern was temporary lip paraesthesia. The mean POSAS scores were low for both patients and observers reflecting a high satisfaction rate. Conclusion: The technique of Karapandzic flap reconstruction for defects in both upper and lower lip allows adequate margin clearance with a low level of complications. The advantages of this technique include preservation of both function and sensation utilising local tissue to allow successful aesthetic outcomes.
Language	English
Publishing date	2017-02
Publishing country	Scotland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	91267-0
ISSN	1878-4119 ; 1010-5182 ; 0301-0503
ISSN (online)	1878-4119
ISSN	1010-5182 ; 0301-0503
DOI	10.1016/j.jcms.2016.11.022
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Article ; Online: Antimicrobial prophylaxis in open reduction and internal fixation of compound mandibular fractures: a collaborative regional audit of outcome.

Singh, Rabindra P / Carter, Lachlan M / Whitfield, Paul H

The British journal of oral & maxillofacial surgery

2013 Volume 51, Issue 5, Page(s) 444–447

Abstract: We conducted a regional 2-stage prospective audit involving 5 different maxillofacial units in the Yorkshire region of the UK to evaluate the effectiveness of perioperative antimicrobial prophylaxis in the treatment of mandibular fractures. In the first ... ...

Abstract	We conducted a regional 2-stage prospective audit involving 5 different maxillofacial units in the Yorkshire region of the UK to evaluate the effectiveness of perioperative antimicrobial prophylaxis in the treatment of mandibular fractures. In the first stage (145 patients) we surveyed current practice concerning antimicrobial prophylaxis and found out the current infection rate after open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF) of mandibular fractures. In the second stage (157 patients) we implemented a common antimicrobial protocol in all units and recorded the infection rates using the new regimen. In the first stage a wide range of antimicrobial prophylaxis was used in different units. The agreed perioperative antimicrobial protocol in the second stage was to begin amoxicillin or clarithromycin and metronidazole intravenously on admission and include 2 postoperative doses. The infection rates were 10.3% and 8.9%, respectively, and the difference between the two groups was not significant (χ(2)=0.051, df=1, p=0.83). The infection rate in the Yorkshire region was similar to results from other centres. We recommend short perioperative antimicrobial prophylaxis with a maximum of 2 postoperative doses after ORIF of mandibular fractures.
MeSH term(s)	Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Amoxicillin/administration & dosage ; Amoxicillin/therapeutic use ; Anti-Bacterial Agents/administration & dosage ; Anti-Bacterial Agents/therapeutic use ; Antibiotic Prophylaxis ; Child ; Clarithromycin/administration & dosage ; Clarithromycin/therapeutic use ; Dental Audit ; England ; Female ; Fracture Fixation, Internal/methods ; Fractures, Open/surgery ; Humans ; Male ; Mandibular Fractures/surgery ; Metronidazole/administration & dosage ; Metronidazole/therapeutic use ; Middle Aged ; Postoperative Care ; Prospective Studies ; Surgical Wound Infection/diagnosis ; Treatment Outcome ; Young Adult
Chemical Substances	Anti-Bacterial Agents ; Metronidazole (140QMO216E) ; Amoxicillin (804826J2HU) ; Clarithromycin (H1250JIK0A)
Language	English
Publishing date	2013-07
Publishing country	Scotland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	605685-4
ISSN	1532-1940 ; 0266-4356
ISSN (online)	1532-1940
ISSN	0266-4356
DOI	10.1016/j.bjoms.2012.08.019
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Article ; Online: Driving advice for patients with double vision following zygomatico-orbital complex fractures.

Singh, Rabindra P / Malik, Hassan / Carter, Lachlan M

The British journal of oral & maxillofacial surgery

2011 Volume 49, Issue 7, Page(s) 586

MeSH term(s)	Automobile Driving/legislation & jurisprudence ; Counseling ; Dental Staff, Hospital ; Diplopia/etiology ; Diplopia/physiopathology ; England ; Humans ; Orbital Fractures/complications ; Practice Guidelines as Topic ; Prospective Studies ; Surgery, Oral ; United Kingdom ; Zygomatic Fractures/complications
Language	English
Publishing date	2011-10
Publishing country	Scotland
Document type	Letter
ZDB-ID	605685-4
ISSN	1532-1940 ; 0266-4356
ISSN (online)	1532-1940
ISSN	0266-4356
DOI	10.1016/j.bjoms.2011.05.018
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Article ; Online: Diplopia, driving and DVLA.

Singh, Rabindra P / Bhuva, Kinnari / Bustin, Jodie / Carter, Lachlan M

The British journal of oral & maxillofacial surgery

2012 Volume 50, Issue 8, Page(s) 791

MeSH term(s)	Automobile Driving/legislation & jurisprudence ; Diplopia ; Humans ; United Kingdom
Language	English
Publishing date	2012-12
Publishing country	Scotland
Document type	Letter
ZDB-ID	605685-4
ISSN	1532-1940 ; 0266-4356
ISSN (online)	1532-1940
ISSN	0266-4356
DOI	10.1016/j.bjoms.2012.07.001
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Article ; Online: Cellular epigenetic modifications of neural stem cell differentiation.

Singh, Rabindra P / Shiue, Kevin / Schomberg, Dominic / Zhou, Feng C

Cell transplantation

2009 Volume 18, Issue 10, Page(s) 1197–1211

Abstract: Emerging information indicates that epigenetic modification (i.e., histone code and DNA methylation) may be integral to the maintenance and differentiation of neural stem cells (NSCs), but their actual involvement has not yet been illustrated. In this ... ...

Abstract	Emerging information indicates that epigenetic modification (i.e., histone code and DNA methylation) may be integral to the maintenance and differentiation of neural stem cells (NSCs), but their actual involvement has not yet been illustrated. In this study, we demonstrated the dynamic nature of epigenetic marks during the differentiation of quiescent adult rat NSCs in neurospheres. A subpopulation of OCT4(+) NSCs in the neurosphere contained histone marks, trimethylated histone 3 on lysine 27 (3me-H3K27), 2me-H3K4, and acetylated H4 (Ac-H4). A major decrease of these marks was found prior to or during differentiation, and was further diminished or reprogrammed in diverse subpopulations of migrated NSCs expressing nestin or beta-III-tubulin. The DNA methylation mark 5-methyl-cytosine (5-MeC), and DNA methyltransferase (DNMT) 1 and 3a expression also correlated to the state of differentiation; they were highly present in undifferentiated NSCs but downregulated in migrated populations. In contrast, DNA methyl-CpG-binding protein (MBD1) was low in undifferentiated NSCs in neurospheres, but highly appeared in differentiating NSCs. Furthermore, we found an outward translocation of DNA methylation marker 5-MeC, DNMT1, DNMT3a, and MBD1 in NSCs as differentiation began and proceeded; 5-MeC from homogeneous nucleus to peripheral nucleus, and DMNT1a and 3a from nuclear to cytoplasm, indicating chromatin remodeling. Treatment with DNA methylation inhibitor, 5-aza-cytidine, altered DNA methylation and disrupted migration as indicated by a reduction of migrated neurons and differentiation. These results indicate that chromatin is dynamically remodeled when NSCs transform from the quiescent state to active growth, and that DNA methylation modification is essential for neural stem cell differentiation.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Azacitidine/pharmacology ; Cell Differentiation ; DNA (Cytosine-5-)-Methyltransferase 1 ; DNA (Cytosine-5-)-Methyltransferases/metabolism ; DNA Methylation ; DNA-Binding Proteins/metabolism ; Epigenesis, Genetic ; Histones/metabolism ; Intermediate Filament Proteins/metabolism ; Nerve Tissue Proteins/metabolism ; Nestin ; Neurons/cytology ; Neurons/metabolism ; Octamer Transcription Factor-3/genetics ; Octamer Transcription Factor-3/metabolism ; Rats ; Stem Cells/cytology ; Tubulin/metabolism
Chemical Substances	DNA-Binding Proteins ; Histones ; Intermediate Filament Proteins ; Mbd1 protein, rat ; Nerve Tissue Proteins ; Nes protein, rat ; Nestin ; Octamer Transcription Factor-3 ; Tubulin ; DNA (Cytosine-5-)-Methyltransferase 1 (EC 2.1.1.37) ; DNA (Cytosine-5-)-Methyltransferases (EC 2.1.1.37) ; DNA methyltransferase 3A (EC 2.1.1.37) ; Dnmt1 protein, rat (EC 2.1.1.37) ; Azacitidine (M801H13NRU)
Language	English
Publishing date	2009-08-05
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
ZDB-ID	1135816-6
ISSN	1555-3892 ; 0963-6897
ISSN (online)	1555-3892
ISSN	0963-6897
DOI	10.3727/096368909X12483162197204
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