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  1. Article: Editorial: From depth (needle) to surface: electromyography as a diagnostic tool in identifying neuromuscular changes associated with neurological disorders.

    Singh, Rajat Emanuel / Iqbal, Kamran / Son, Jongsang

    Frontiers in human neuroscience

    2023  Volume 17, Page(s) 1214106

    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-06-07
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Editorial
    ZDB-ID 2425477-0
    ISSN 1662-5161
    ISSN 1662-5161
    DOI 10.3389/fnhum.2023.1214106
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article ; Online: Epidural stimulation restores muscle synergies by modulating neural drives in participants with sensorimotor complete spinal cord injuries.

    Singh, Rajat Emanuel / Ahmadi, Aliya / Parr, Ann M / Samadani, Uzma / Krassioukov, Andrei V / Netoff, Theoden I / Darrow, David P

    Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitation

    2023  Volume 20, Issue 1, Page(s) 59

    Abstract: Multiple studies have corroborated the restoration of volitional motor control after motor-complete spinal cord injury (SCI) through the use of epidural spinal cord stimulation (eSCS), but rigorous quantitative descriptions of muscle coordination have ... ...

    Abstract Multiple studies have corroborated the restoration of volitional motor control after motor-complete spinal cord injury (SCI) through the use of epidural spinal cord stimulation (eSCS), but rigorous quantitative descriptions of muscle coordination have been lacking. Six participants with chronic, motor and sensory complete SCI underwent a brain motor control assessment (BMCA) consisting of a set of structured motor tasks with and without eSCS. We investigated how muscle activity complexity and muscle synergies changed with and without stimulation. We performed this analysis to better characterize the impact of stimulation on neuromuscular control. We also recorded data from nine healthy participants as controls. Competition exists between the task origin and neural origin hypotheses underlying muscle synergies. The ability to restore motor control with eSCS in participants with motor and sensory complete SCI allows us to test whether changes in muscle synergies reflect a neural basis in the same task. Muscle activity complexity was computed with Higuchi Fractal Dimensional (HFD) analysis, and muscle synergies were estimated using non-negative matrix factorization (NNMF) in six participants with American Spinal Injury Association (ASIA) Impairment Score (AIS) A. We found that the complexity of muscle activity was immediately reduced by eSCS in the SCI participants. We also found that over the follow-up sessions, the muscle synergy structure of the SCI participants became more defined, and the number of synergies decreased over time, indicating improved coordination between muscle groups. Lastly, we found that the muscle synergies were restored with eSCS, supporting the neural hypothesis of muscle synergies. We conclude that eSCS restores muscle movements and muscle synergies that are distinct from those of healthy, able-bodied controls.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Muscle, Skeletal/physiology ; Electromyography ; Spinal Cord Injuries ; Spinal Cord Stimulation/methods ; Spinal Cord
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-05-03
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 2164377-5
    ISSN 1743-0003 ; 1743-0003
    ISSN (online) 1743-0003
    ISSN 1743-0003
    DOI 10.1186/s12984-023-01164-1
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article: A Systematic Review on Muscle Synergies: From Building Blocks of Motor Behavior to a Neurorehabilitation Tool.

    Singh, Rajat Emanuel / Iqbal, Kamran / White, Gannon / Hutchinson, Tarun Edgar

    Applied bionics and biomechanics

    2018  Volume 2018, Page(s) 3615368

    Abstract: The central nervous system (CNS) is believed to utilize specific predefined modules, called muscle synergies (MS), to accomplish a motor task. Yet questions persist about how the CNS combines these primitives in different ways to suit the task conditions. ...

    Abstract The central nervous system (CNS) is believed to utilize specific predefined modules, called muscle synergies (MS), to accomplish a motor task. Yet questions persist about how the CNS combines these primitives in different ways to suit the task conditions. The MS hypothesis has been a subject of debate as to whether they originate from neural origins or nonneural constraints. In this review article, we present three aspects related to the MS hypothesis: (1) the experimental and computational evidence in support of the existence of MS, (2) algorithmic approaches for extracting them from surface electromyography (EMG) signals, and (3) the possible role of MS as a neurorehabilitation tool. We note that recent advances in computational neuroscience have utilized the MS hypothesis in motor control and learning. Prospective advances in clinical, medical, and engineering sciences and in fields such as robotics and rehabilitation stand to benefit from a more thorough understanding of MS.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2018-04-22
    Publishing country Egypt
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 2179924-6
    ISSN 1754-2103 ; 1176-2322
    ISSN (online) 1754-2103
    ISSN 1176-2322
    DOI 10.1155/2018/3615368
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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