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  1. Book: Development and environmental change in India

    Singh, Rajendra

    1996  

    Author's details ed.: Rajendra Singh
    Keywords Indien ; Wirtschaftsentwicklung ; Umweltschaden ; Landwirtschaftsentwicklung ; Umweltveränderung
    Subject Umwelt ; Umweltänderung ; Landwirtschaft ; Landwirtschaftliche Entwicklung ; Agrarentwicklung ; Integrierte landwirtschaftliche Entwicklung ; Wirtschaftliche Entwicklung ; Wirtschaftsdynamik ; Wirtschaftswandel ; Wirtschaftlicher Wandel ; Ökonomische Entwicklung ; Umweltzerstörung ; Zivilisationsschaden ; Ökologischer Schaden
    Size XXIX, 409 S. : graph. Darst., Kt.
    Publisher APH Publ
    Publishing place New Delhi
    Publishing country India
    Document type Book
    HBZ-ID HT008054350
    ISBN 81-7024-771-3 ; 978-81-7024-771-5
    Database Catalogue ZB MED Nutrition, Environment, Agriculture

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  2. Article: Comparative evaluation of two different xenogenic acellular matrices on full-thickness skin wound healing.

    Kumar, Vineet / Kumar, Naveen / Gangwar, Anil K / Singh, Rajendra

    Journal of wound care

    2024  Volume 33, Issue Sup3a, Page(s) lxxiv–lxxx

    Abstract: Objective: The purpose of the study was to compare the healing potential of bubaline small intestinal matrix (bSIM) and fish swim bladder matrix (FSBM) on full-thickness skin wounds in rabbits.: Method: Four full-thickness skin wounds (each 20×20mm) ... ...

    Abstract Objective: The purpose of the study was to compare the healing potential of bubaline small intestinal matrix (bSIM) and fish swim bladder matrix (FSBM) on full-thickness skin wounds in rabbits.
    Method: Four full-thickness skin wounds (each 20×20mm) were created on the dorsum of 18 rabbits that were divided into three groups based on treatment: untreated sham control (I), implanted with double layers of bSIM (II) and implanted with double layers of FSBM (III). Macroscopic, immunologic and histologic observations were made to evaluate wound healing.
    Results: Gross healing progression in the bSIM and FSBM groups showed significantly (p<0.05) less wound contraction compared with the sham group. The IgG concentration in rabbit sera was significantly (p<0.05) lower in the FSBM group compared with the bSIM group by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The stimulation index of peripheral blood lymphocytes was significantly (p<0.05) lower in the FSBM group compared with the bSIM group by the MTT (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide) assay. Implantation of FSBM resulted in improved re-epithelialisation, neovascularisation and fibroplasia.
    Conclusion: The FSBM is a more effective dermal substitute when compared with the bSIM for full-thickness skin wound repair in rabbit.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Rabbits ; Wound Healing ; Skin/injuries ; Skin Transplantation/methods ; Soft Tissue Injuries ; Fishes ; Acellular Dermis
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-03-08
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1353951-6
    ISSN 0969-0700
    ISSN 0969-0700
    DOI 10.12968/jowc.2024.33.Sup3a.lxxiv
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article ; Online: Challenges and barriers of using large language models (LLM) such as ChatGPT for diagnostic medicine with a focus on digital pathology - a recent scoping review.

    Ullah, Ehsan / Parwani, Anil / Baig, Mirza Mansoor / Singh, Rajendra

    Diagnostic pathology

    2024  Volume 19, Issue 1, Page(s) 43

    Abstract: Background: The integration of large language models (LLMs) like ChatGPT in diagnostic medicine, with a focus on digital pathology, has garnered significant attention. However, understanding the challenges and barriers associated with the use of LLMs in ...

    Abstract Background: The integration of large language models (LLMs) like ChatGPT in diagnostic medicine, with a focus on digital pathology, has garnered significant attention. However, understanding the challenges and barriers associated with the use of LLMs in this context is crucial for their successful implementation.
    Methods: A scoping review was conducted to explore the challenges and barriers of using LLMs, in diagnostic medicine with a focus on digital pathology. A comprehensive search was conducted using electronic databases, including PubMed and Google Scholar, for relevant articles published within the past four years. The selected articles were critically analyzed to identify and summarize the challenges and barriers reported in the literature.
    Results: The scoping review identified several challenges and barriers associated with the use of LLMs in diagnostic medicine. These included limitations in contextual understanding and interpretability, biases in training data, ethical considerations, impact on healthcare professionals, and regulatory concerns. Contextual understanding and interpretability challenges arise due to the lack of true understanding of medical concepts and lack of these models being explicitly trained on medical records selected by trained professionals, and the black-box nature of LLMs. Biases in training data pose a risk of perpetuating disparities and inaccuracies in diagnoses. Ethical considerations include patient privacy, data security, and responsible AI use. The integration of LLMs may impact healthcare professionals' autonomy and decision-making abilities. Regulatory concerns surround the need for guidelines and frameworks to ensure safe and ethical implementation.
    Conclusion: The scoping review highlights the challenges and barriers of using LLMs in diagnostic medicine with a focus on digital pathology. Understanding these challenges is essential for addressing the limitations and developing strategies to overcome barriers. It is critical for health professionals to be involved in the selection of data and fine tuning of the models. Further research, validation, and collaboration between AI developers, healthcare professionals, and regulatory bodies are necessary to ensure the responsible and effective integration of LLMs in diagnostic medicine.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Artificial Intelligence ; Diagnosis, Computer-Assisted
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-02-27
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 2210518-9
    ISSN 1746-1596 ; 1746-1596
    ISSN (online) 1746-1596
    ISSN 1746-1596
    DOI 10.1186/s13000-024-01464-7
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  4. Article ; Online: Effect evaluation of different green wastes on food waste digestate composting and improvement of operational conditions.

    Wang, Fei / Kang, Yangtianrui / Fu, Dafang / Singh, Rajendra Prasad

    Environmental science and pollution research international

    2024  

    Abstract: This study attempted to determine the influence of diverse green wastes on food waste digestate composting and the improvement of operational conditions. Various effects of the green wastes (GW), with different types and sizes, initial substrate mixture ... ...

    Abstract This study attempted to determine the influence of diverse green wastes on food waste digestate composting and the improvement of operational conditions. Various effects of the green wastes (GW), with different types and sizes, initial substrate mixture C/N ratios, compost pile heights, and turning frequencies on the food waste digestate (FWD) composting were examined in the current work. The findings showed that the use of street sweeping green waste (SSGW) as an additive can maintain the thermophilic stage of the FWD composting for 28 days, while the end-product contained the greatest amounts of total phosphorus (TP, 2.29%) and total potassium (TK, 4.61%) and the lowest moisture content (14.8%). Crushed SSGW (20 mm) enabled the FWD composting to maintain the longest thermophilic period (28 days), achieving the highest temperature (70.2 °C) and seed germination index (GI, 100%). Adjusting the initial substrate mixture C/N ratio to 25, compost pile height to 30 cm, and turning frequency to three times a day could enhance the efficiency and improve the fertilizer quality of the co-composting of the FWD and SSGW. This study suggested that co-composting of FWD and SSGW (FWD/SSGW = 2.3, wet weight) is a promising technique for the treatment of municipal solid waste and provided significant theoretical data for the application of composting.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-02-15
    Publishing country Germany
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1178791-0
    ISSN 1614-7499 ; 0944-1344
    ISSN (online) 1614-7499
    ISSN 0944-1344
    DOI 10.1007/s11356-024-32386-y
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  5. Article ; Online: Diagnosis of GCM-RCM-driven rainfall patterns under changing climate through the robust selection of multi-model ensemble and sub-ensembles

    Gaur, Srishti / Singh, Rajnish / Bandyopadhyay, Pranab / Singh, Rajendra

    Climatic Change. 2023 Feb., v. 176, no. 2 p.13-13

    2023  

    Abstract: Understanding rainfall patterns is crucial for basin-wide risk management. The present study assesses rainfall patterns by smoothing their daily mean through Fourier fitting for the Subarnarekha basin of India. The adequate selection of the ensemble ... ...

    Abstract Understanding rainfall patterns is crucial for basin-wide risk management. The present study assesses rainfall patterns by smoothing their daily mean through Fourier fitting for the Subarnarekha basin of India. The adequate selection of the ensemble technique and corresponding best-performing regional climate models forced by global climate models (GCMs-RCMs) (sub-ensembles) has been carried out for projection of future rainfall patterns. The spatial performance metrics are used to select the GCMs-RCMs based on their ability to mimic the spatial patterns of the observed rainfall. The multi-model ensemble (MME) rainfall is generated by assimilating the simulated rainfall of selected GCMs-RCMs by employing statistical and machine learning (ML) techniques. Quantification of uncertainty in rainfall projections is performed through analysis of variance. Simple composite mean (SCM) statistical technique outperforms ML techniques. Optimum MME is obtained by combining 6-best performing sub-ensembles obtained from four spatial performance metrics (Fraction skill score, Goodman–Kruskal’s lambda Kling-Gupta efficiency, and spatial efficiency). The significant changes in rainfall patterns are obtained during 2010–2039, 2040–2069, and 2070–2099 with respect to the baseline period (1976–2005) as per Wilcoxon signed-rank test. An increase of 20–45% for RCP4.5 and 26–55% for RCP8.5 is obtained in peak mean rainfall per rainy day during future periods at both sub-basins. On the contrary, a decrease of 21–57% for RCP4.5 and 45–55% for RCP8.5 is obtained for trough (minimum) mean rainfall per rainy day during future periods. Our finding shows the possibility of early monsoon occurrences (8–30 days ahead) during future periods. Differences in projection between different choices of GCM-RCM models in the multi-model ensemble are the largest source of uncertainty (larger than differences between emission scenario or the effect of decadal variability). The overall finding of the study indicates that basin needs better preparedness to mitigate more erratic rainfall in future.
    Keywords analysis of variance ; basins ; climate ; climate change ; monsoon season ; rain ; rainfall simulation ; risk management ; uncertainty ; India
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2023-02
    Size p. 13.
    Publishing place Springer Netherlands
    Document type Article ; Online
    ZDB-ID 751086-x
    ISSN 0165-0009
    ISSN 0165-0009
    DOI 10.1007/s10584-022-03475-z
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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  6. Article ; Online: An analytical framework for state level water-energy-food nexus analysis in India: Insight from implemented policies

    Mondal, Krishna / Chatterjee, C. / Singh, Rajendra

    Environmental Science and Policy. 2023 Mar., v. 141 p.33-49

    2023  

    Abstract: Despite the importance of Water-Energy-Food (WEF) evaluations in disseminating information about WEF security challenges, no study on WEF security at a State or Union Territory (UT) level has been conducted in India. We have quantitatively analysed the ... ...

    Abstract Despite the importance of Water-Energy-Food (WEF) evaluations in disseminating information about WEF security challenges, no study on WEF security at a State or Union Territory (UT) level has been conducted in India. We have quantitatively analysed the WEF nexus at State/UT level in India using Pardee RAND WEF Nexus Index (PR-WEFNI) for 2015–16 and 2019–20. The Government of India has implemented several policies to ensure India's WEF security. However, none of the studies have analysed the potential impact of implemented policies in WEF nexus changes. We have proposed an indicator-based approach, i.e., a Policy Implementation Score (PIS), which indicates a policy's progress (in %). PIS is calculated by aggregating indicators related to WEF policy implementation to quantitatively investigate the impact of implemented governmental policies on WEF nexus changes. Results indicated significant variations in WEF sub-indices across States/UTs over the two years under consideration. Most States/UTs showed an increase in the Water Sub-index (WSI) and Energy Sub-index (ESI) due to higher values of Water PIS and Energy PIS but a decrease/no changes in the Food sub-index (FSI) due to lower Food PIS. Moreover, overall WSI, ESI, FSI and WEFNI of India increased by 15%, 6.6%, 0.1% and 8%, respectively, in 2019–20 compared to 2015–16. This study assessed the WEF security status of Indian States/UTs, which helped to recognise respective resource-insecure areas. This approach can help policymakers identify problems, make further modifications, and develop area-specific policies to achieve resource security across India's States/UTs and other developing economies worldwide.
    Keywords energy ; environmental science ; issues and policy ; India ; PR-WEFNI ; Policy Implementation Score ; WEF Nexus ; Water Sub-index ; Energy Sub-index ; Food Sub-index
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2023-03
    Size p. 33-49.
    Publishing place Elsevier Ltd
    Document type Article ; Online
    ZDB-ID 1454687-5
    ISSN 1462-9011
    ISSN 1462-9011
    DOI 10.1016/j.envsci.2022.12.018
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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  7. Article ; Online: Improving pharmacometrics analysis efficiency using DataCheQC: An interactive, Shiny-based app for quality control of pharmacometrics datasets.

    Dotan, Or / Radivojevic, Andrijana / Singh, Rajendra

    CPT: pharmacometrics & systems pharmacology

    2023  Volume 12, Issue 10, Page(s) 1375–1385

    Abstract: DataCheQC is an interactive application based on the R Shiny framework developed for the purposes of performing quality control (QC) checks on pharmacometric datasets, and thereby supporting the implementation of model-informed drug development. Features ...

    Abstract DataCheQC is an interactive application based on the R Shiny framework developed for the purposes of performing quality control (QC) checks on pharmacometric datasets, and thereby supporting the implementation of model-informed drug development. Features include visual inspection of variables and data entries for errors and/or anomalies, and ensuring structural integrity through comparison with a dataset specification file. The app, which requires no programming knowledge to operate, allows the user to collect all findings into a summary report downloadable directly from the app itself. The source code for the app is freely available on GitHub under an open-source license (https://github.com/DotanOr/DataCheQC) and can also be accessed online (https://dotanor.shinyapps.io/DataCheQC/).
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Mobile Applications ; Software ; Quality Control
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-08-18
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2697010-7
    ISSN 2163-8306 ; 2163-8306
    ISSN (online) 2163-8306
    ISSN 2163-8306
    DOI 10.1002/psp4.13017
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  8. Article ; Online: Top 10 Differential Diagnoses for Desmoplastic Melanoma.

    Fernandez-Flores, Angel / Singh, Rajendra / Cassarino, David S

    Head and neck pathology

    2023  Volume 17, Issue 1, Page(s) 143–153

    Abstract: Background: Desmoplastic melanoma is a rare subtype of melanoma mainly appearing on sun-exposed skin. Clinically, it is many times non-pigmented and therefore the diagnosis is often not suspected.: Methods: Review article.: Results: In this paper ... ...

    Abstract Background: Desmoplastic melanoma is a rare subtype of melanoma mainly appearing on sun-exposed skin. Clinically, it is many times non-pigmented and therefore the diagnosis is often not suspected.
    Methods: Review article.
    Results: In this paper we review the main histopathological, immunohistochemical, and molecular features of desmoplastic melanoma, as well as the top 10 morphologic differential diagnoses which should be considered in most cases. The histopathological pattern can be many times deceptive, mimicking a scar, a fibrous reaction, a fibrohistiocytic tumor such as a dermatofibroma, a vascular tumor such as angiosarcoma, a smooth muscle tumor such as leiomyosarcoma, or a neural tumor. Although an overlying atypical junctional melanocytic proliferation may be seen in most cases, it is absent in a significant percentage (up to 30%) of cases, making the diagnosis even more difficult in those instances. The range of diagnostic pitfalls is wide, which may present disastrous prognostic consequences.
    Conclusion: Desmoplastic melanoma is often a difficult diagnosis to make, as it frequently shows nonspecific clinical findings and overlapping histologic features with many other tumors. However, the potential clinical and prognostic consequences of misdiagnosis as another entity are great. Therefore, this diagnosis must always be kept in mind when encountering spindle cell tumors affecting the head and neck area.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Skin Neoplasms/diagnosis ; Skin Neoplasms/pathology ; Melanoma/diagnosis ; Melanoma/pathology ; Prognosis ; Biomarkers, Tumor
    Chemical Substances Biomarkers, Tumor
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-03-16
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 2407834-7
    ISSN 1936-0568 ; 1936-055X
    ISSN (online) 1936-0568
    ISSN 1936-055X
    DOI 10.1007/s12105-023-01536-y
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  9. Article ; Online: Real-time reservoir operation using inflow and irrigation demand forecasts in a reservoir-regulated river basin.

    Sushanth, Kallem / Mishra, Ashok / Singh, Rajendra

    The Science of the total environment

    2023  Volume 904, Page(s) 166806

    Abstract: Real-time reservoir operation using inflow and irrigation demand forecasts can help reservoir system managers make effective water management decisions. Forecasting of inflow and irrigation demands is challenging, owing to the variability of the weather ... ...

    Abstract Real-time reservoir operation using inflow and irrigation demand forecasts can help reservoir system managers make effective water management decisions. Forecasting of inflow and irrigation demands is challenging, owing to the variability of the weather variables that affect inflows and irrigation demands. In this context, bias-corrected Global Forecasting System (GFS) forecasts are used here in a hybrid approach (reservoir module with Long Short Term Memory (LSTM)) to forecast the reservoir inflows. Concurrently, the bias-corrected GFS forecasts are used in irrigation demand module to forecast the irrigation demands. The 'Scaled Distribution Mapping' method is used to bias-correct the GFS data of 1-5 days lead. The study area is the Damodar river basin, India, consisting of five major reservoirs: Tenughat and Konar located upstream of Panchet, and Tilaya situated upstream of Maithon. With the upstream reservoir outflow forecasts, the inflows are forecasted in Panchet and Maithon reservoirs with NSE values of 0.88-0.96 and 0.78-0.88, respectively, up to a 5-day lead. The irrigation demand module with bias-corrected GFS forecasts forecasted the irrigation demands close to the irrigation demands with the observed weather data. The percentage errors in irrigation demand forecasts of the Kharif (June-October) season at 1-5 days lead are 9.45 %, -15.45 %, -20.52 %, -26.36 %, -27.31 %, respectively. On the contrary, percentage errors in irrigation demand forecasts of Rabi (November-February) and Boro (January-May) are in the range of 8.17-8.79 % and 3.48-8.06 %, respectively. With the inflows and irrigation demand forecasts, the Panchet and Maithon reservoirs satisfied the downstream demands and reduced the floods. The inflow and irrigation demand forecasts, based on the GFS forecasts, have substantial potential for real-time reservoir operation, leading to efficient water management downstream.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-09-08
    Publishing country Netherlands
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 121506-1
    ISSN 1879-1026 ; 0048-9697
    ISSN (online) 1879-1026
    ISSN 0048-9697
    DOI 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.166806
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  10. Article ; Online: Nanozyme-Engineered Hydrogels for Anti-Inflammation and Skin Regeneration.

    Kurian, Amal George / Singh, Rajendra K / Sagar, Varsha / Lee, Jung-Hwan / Kim, Hae-Won

    Nano-micro letters

    2024  Volume 16, Issue 1, Page(s) 110

    Abstract: Inflammatory skin disorders can cause chronic scarring and functional impairments, posing a significant burden on patients and the healthcare system. Conventional therapies, such as corticosteroids and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, are limited in ...

    Abstract Inflammatory skin disorders can cause chronic scarring and functional impairments, posing a significant burden on patients and the healthcare system. Conventional therapies, such as corticosteroids and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, are limited in efficacy and associated with adverse effects. Recently, nanozyme (NZ)-based hydrogels have shown great promise in addressing these challenges. NZ-based hydrogels possess unique therapeutic abilities by combining the therapeutic benefits of redox nanomaterials with enzymatic activity and the water-retaining capacity of hydrogels. The multifaceted therapeutic effects of these hydrogels include scavenging reactive oxygen species and other inflammatory mediators modulating immune responses toward a pro-regenerative environment and enhancing regenerative potential by triggering cell migration and differentiation. This review highlights the current state of the art in NZ-engineered hydrogels (NZ@hydrogels) for anti-inflammatory and skin regeneration applications. It also discusses the underlying chemo-mechano-biological mechanisms behind their effectiveness. Additionally, the challenges and future directions in this ground, particularly their clinical translation, are addressed. The insights provided in this review can aid in the design and engineering of novel NZ-based hydrogels, offering new possibilities for targeted and personalized skin-care therapies.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-02-06
    Publishing country Germany
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 2642093-4
    ISSN 2150-5551 ; 2150-5551
    ISSN (online) 2150-5551
    ISSN 2150-5551
    DOI 10.1007/s40820-024-01323-6
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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