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Article ; Online: Composite hydrogels fabricated from konjac glucomannan and gellan gum: Rheological characterization and their potential application in sustainable agriculture.

Basak, Somnath / Singhal, Rekha S

2024 Volume 336, Page(s) 122091

Abstract: In this study, konjac glucomannan (KG) was incorporated in high acyl gellan (HAG) and low acyl gellan (LAG) hydrogels in different ratios. The addition of KG increased pseudoplasticity and thermal hysteresis values of the hydrogels. Improvement in ... ...

Abstract	In this study, konjac glucomannan (KG) was incorporated in high acyl gellan (HAG) and low acyl gellan (LAG) hydrogels in different ratios. The addition of KG increased pseudoplasticity and thermal hysteresis values of the hydrogels. Improvement in elasticity and water holding capacity (WHC) was observed in KG-LAG hydrogels. The highest WHC (98.5 %) was observed for 1K1H (KG:HAG = 1:1) and 3K7L (KG:LAG = 3:7) hydrogels. The crystallinity of the composite hydrogels was lower than hydrogels prepared from individual biopolymers. The hydrogels exhibited a rough surface with minute pores in the cross-section, due to the aggregation of glucomannan on the gellan network in the composite hydrogels. While HAG and 1K1H hydrogels exhibited greater swelling at low pH (3.0), LAG and 3K7L exhibited greater swelling at high pH (11.0). At pH 7.0, the hydrogels exhibited swelling indices >300 %. Incorporation of 1K1H hydrogel at 10 % (w/w) in sandy loamy soil under semi-arid conditions increased the germination of fenugreek microgreens from 60 % to 80 % on the 15th day. Furthermore, the moisture evaporation rate of the soil reduced from 35 % to <15 %, positively impacting the physicochemical properties of the microgreens. The composite hydrogels were successful in achieving a controlled release of phosphate fertilizer.
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-04-02
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1501516-6
ISSN	1879-1344 ; 0144-8617
ISSN (online)	1879-1344
ISSN	0144-8617
DOI	10.1016/j.carbpol.2024.122091
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Article ; Online: Inclusion of konjac glucomannan in pea protein hydrogels improved the rheological and in vitro release properties of the composite hydrogels.

Basak, Somnath / Singhal, Rekha S

International journal of biological macromolecules

2023 Volume 257, Issue Pt 2, Page(s) 128689

Abstract: In this study, a composite hydrogel consisting of pea protein and konjac glucomannan (KG) was fabricated using three approaches, namely neutral, salt-set, and alkaline gelation. Hydrogels made from pea protein were brittle and weak. The addition of KG ... ...

Abstract	In this study, a composite hydrogel consisting of pea protein and konjac glucomannan (KG) was fabricated using three approaches, namely neutral, salt-set, and alkaline gelation. Hydrogels made from pea protein were brittle and weak. The addition of KG improved the elasticity and water holding capacity of the pea protein hydrogels. Concomitantly, a decrease in syneresis rate and swelling of the composite hydrogels was observed. The alkaline-set hydrogels exhibited the highest resilience to strain. Thixotropicity was found to be less pronounced for salt-set hydrogels. Sulphate had a greater positive effect on the structural recovery and negative effect on hysteresis area than chloride due to the greater salting-out effect of the sulphates. The addition of KG facilitated the formation of an interconnected structure with limited mobility of biopolymer chains. A sharp increase in G' and G" during the temperature ramp indicated the predominance of hydrophobic interactions towards the aggregation of biopolymers. The infrared spectra of the hydrogels revealed a change in secondary structure of proteins on addition of KG. A controlled in vitro release of riboflavin was observed in neutral and salt-set hydrogels. The alkaline-set hydrogels exhibited a prolonged gastric retention time, thereby establishing in vitro antacid activity in the gastric environment.
MeSH term(s)	Hydrogels/chemistry ; Pea Proteins ; Mannans/chemistry ; Elasticity
Chemical Substances	Hydrogels ; (1-6)-alpha-glucomannan (36W3E5TAMG) ; Pea Proteins ; Mannans
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-12-11
Publishing country	Netherlands
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	282732-3
ISSN	1879-0003 ; 0141-8130
ISSN (online)	1879-0003
ISSN	0141-8130
DOI	10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.128689
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Article ; Online: A bigel based formulation protects lutein better in the gastric environment with controlled release and antioxidant profile than other gel based systems.

Kaimal, Admajith M / Singhal, Rekha S

Food chemistry

2023 Volume 423, Page(s) 136304

Abstract: Gel based formulations offer an opportunity to fortify bioactives in food. However, a comparative evaluation of gel systems is scantly available. Thus, this study intended to evaluate the impact of various gel formulations (hydrogel, oleogel, emulsion ... ...

Abstract	Gel based formulations offer an opportunity to fortify bioactives in food. However, a comparative evaluation of gel systems is scantly available. Thus, this study intended to evaluate the impact of various gel formulations (hydrogel, oleogel, emulsion gel, bigels of different compositions) on the delivery and antioxidant activity of lutein. Ethyl cellulose (EC,15 %w/w) and guar-xanthan gum mixture (1:1,1.5 %w/w) was used as oleogelator and hydrogelator, respectively. The microscopic evaluation indicated an oil-based continuous-phase for bigel with 75% oleogel. An increase in oleogel content enhanced textural and rheological properties. An increase in hydrogel composition (25%-75%) of bigel improved the lutein release (70.4%-83.2%). The highest release of lutein was recorded for emulsion gel (84.9%) and bigel with 25% oleogel (83.2%). The antioxidant activity was comparatively lower in gastric medium than simulated intestinal fluid. It could be inferred that the gel matrix significantly affected the lutein release, antioxidant profile, physiochemical and mechanical characteristics.
MeSH term(s)	Delayed-Action Preparations/chemistry ; Antioxidants ; Lutein ; Emulsions ; Hydrogels/chemistry
Chemical Substances	Delayed-Action Preparations ; Antioxidants ; Lutein (X72A60C9MT) ; Emulsions ; oleogels ; Hydrogels
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-05-04
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	243123-3
ISSN	1873-7072 ; 0308-8146
ISSN (online)	1873-7072
ISSN	0308-8146
DOI	10.1016/j.foodchem.2023.136304
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Article ; Online: The potential of supercritical drying as a “green” method for the production of food-grade bioaerogels: A comprehensive critical review

Basak, Somnath / Singhal, Rekha S.

Food Hydrocolloids. 2023 Aug., v. 141 p.108738-

2023

Abstract: Bioaerogels or biopolymer-based aerogels are emerging as eco-friendly and sustainable alternatives to inorganic aerogels. Aerogels are porous, lightweight and interconnected structures, having several prospective applications in food systems. ... ...

Abstract	Bioaerogels or biopolymer-based aerogels are emerging as eco-friendly and sustainable alternatives to inorganic aerogels. Aerogels are porous, lightweight and interconnected structures, having several prospective applications in food systems. Polysaccharides, proteins, or their combinations are exploited for the fabrication of aerogels. Supercritical drying is a viable “green” alternative for the production of bioaerogels. The aerogels are typically produced by the sol-gel route to form a hydrogel, followed by solvent exchange and supercritical drying. The significant physical properties of the bioaerogels in food systems include porosity, surface area, bulk density, thermal conductivity, rheology, water absorption, and oil absorption properties. All these properties impact the bioactive impregnation properties of the aerogels. The major process parameters influencing the final aerogel properties during drying include pressure, temperature, CO₂ flowrate, and depressurization rate. Apart from the applications in food packaging, aerogels can be converted into oleogels which can be great alternatives to conventional fats. Although CO₂ is non-toxic, environment-friendly, and abundant, the copious use of solvents and alcohols during solvent exchange can question the potential of scCO₂ as a green technique. Process intensification by recycling spent CO₂ and reuse of the solvent, low energy consumption, and drying times justify supercritical drying as a “green” technique.
Keywords	absorption ; aerogels ; bulk density ; carbon dioxide ; energy ; hydrocolloids ; hydrogels ; oils ; oleogels ; polysaccharides ; porosity ; rheology ; solvents ; surface area ; temperature ; thermal conductivity ; water uptake ; Alcogels ; Supercritical CO2
Language	English
Dates of publication	2023-08
Publishing place	Elsevier Ltd
Document type	Article ; Online
ZDB-ID	742742-6
ISSN	1873-7137 ; 0268-005X
ISSN (online)	1873-7137
ISSN	0268-005X
DOI	10.1016/j.foodhyd.2023.108738
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Book: Tropical roots and tubers

Sharma, Harish K. / Njintang, Nicolas Y. / Singhal, Rekha S. / Kaushal, Pragati

production, processing and technology

(IFST Advances in Food Science)

2016

Author's details	edited by Harish K. Sharma, Nicolas Y. Njintang, Rekha S. Singhal, Pragati Kaushal
Series title	IFST Advances in Food Science
Keywords	Agriculture ; Backwaren, Getreideerzeugnisse ; Bakery & Cereals ; Crops ; Feldfrüchte ; Food Processing, Production & Manufacture ; Food Science & Technology ; Herstellung u. Verarbeitung von Lebensmitteln ; Landwirtschaft ; Lebensmittelforschung u. -technologie ; Wurzelfrucht ; AG30: Feldfrüchte ; FO20: Herstellung u. Verarbeitung von Lebensmitteln ; FO31: Backwaren, Getreideerzeugnisse
Language	English
Size	xxii, 622 Seiten, 24.4 cm x 17 cm
Publisher	Wiley Blackwell
Publishing place	Chichester
Publishing country	Great Britain
Document type	Book
HBZ-ID	HT019213697
ISBN	978-1-118-99269-2 ; 1-118-99269-5
Database	Catalogue ZB MED Nutrition, Environment, Agriculture

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Shelf mark	Loan status	Location
164/344	available for loan (reading room)	Freihandmagazin (U1)

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Article: Mixed Culture Cultivation in Microbial Bioprocesses.

Khedkar, Manisha / Bedade, Dattatray / Singhal, Rekha S / Bankar, Sandip B

Advances in biochemical engineering/biotechnology

2024

Abstract: Mixed culture cultivation is well renowned for industrial applications due to its technological and economic benefits in bioprocess, food processing, and pharmaceutical industries. A mixed consortium encompasses to achieve growth in unsterile conditions, ...

Abstract	Mixed culture cultivation is well renowned for industrial applications due to its technological and economic benefits in bioprocess, food processing, and pharmaceutical industries. A mixed consortium encompasses to achieve growth in unsterile conditions, robustness to environmental stresses, perform difficult functions, show better substrate utilization, and increase productivity. Hence, mixed cultures are being valorized currently and has also augmented our understanding of microbial activities in communities. This chapter covers a wide range of discussion on recent improvements in mixed culture cultivation for microbial bioprocessing and multifarious applications in different areas. The history of microbial culture, microbial metabolism in mixed culture, biosynthetic pathway studies, isolation and identification of strains, along with the types of microbial interactions involved during their production and propagation, are meticulously detailed in the current chapter. Besides, parameters for evaluating mixed culture performance, large-scale production, and challenges associated with it are also discussed vividly. Microbial community, characteristics of single and mixed culture fermentation, and microbe-microbe interactions in mixed cultures have been summarized comprehensively. Lastly, various challenges and opportunities in the area of microbial mixed culture that are obligatory to improve the current knowledge of microbial bioprocesses are projected.
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-02-29
Publishing country	Germany
Document type	Journal Article
ISSN	0724-6145
ISSN	0724-6145
DOI	10.1007/10_2023_248
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Article ; Online: In silico guided pre-treatment of sugarcane juice with natural inhibitors of polyphenol oxidase (PPO) is a new and effective strategy for development of spray-dried formulation.

Kanagaraj, Jaya Chendrayan / Jana, Shilpa B / Marathe, Sandesh J / Singhal, Rekha S

Journal of food science

2024 Volume 89, Issue 4, Page(s) 2232–2248

Abstract: Sugarcane juice is a popular beverage and is also processed to produce sugar. The polyphenol oxidase (PPO) in sugarcane juice causes enzymatic browning and makes the process of sugar production complex and cumbersome. Storage of sugarcane juice is also ... ...

Abstract	Sugarcane juice is a popular beverage and is also processed to produce sugar. The polyphenol oxidase (PPO) in sugarcane juice causes enzymatic browning and makes the process of sugar production complex and cumbersome. Storage of sugarcane juice is also hampered by the high sugar content and rapid microbial fermentation. The present research assessed the potential of lemon juice (LJ) and ginger extract (GE) as natural inhibitors of PPO. Enzyme kinetics and the mechanism of inhibition of LJ and GE were studied. Primary investigation was carried out using molecular docking approach to assess the inhibitory potential of LJ and GE and to determine the nature of interaction between the enzyme and inhibitors. Extracts were used as inhibitors and studies revealed that both reduced the PPO activity. Subsequently, pure bioactive inhibitors such as ascorbic acid, citric acid, and 6-shogaol present in these natural extracts were used to study the mode of inhibition of PPO. Citric acid decreased PPO activity by lowering pH, while ascorbic acid was found to be a competitive inhibitor of PPO with a K
MeSH term(s)	Saccharum/chemistry ; Catechol Oxidase/chemistry ; Molecular Docking Simulation ; Ascorbic Acid ; Sugars ; Citric Acid
Chemical Substances	Catechol Oxidase (EC 1.10.3.1) ; Ascorbic Acid (PQ6CK8PD0R) ; Sugars ; Citric Acid (2968PHW8QP)
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-02-21
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	241615-3
ISSN	1750-3841 ; 0022-1147
ISSN (online)	1750-3841
ISSN	0022-1147
DOI	10.1111/1750-3841.16995
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Article: Succinylation of food proteins- a concise review

Basak, Somnath / Singhal, Rekha S.

Lebensmittel-Wissenschaft + [i.e. und] Technologie. 2022 Jan. 15, v. 154

2022

Abstract: With increasing protein needs for the burgeoning population, newer sources of proteins are attracting the attention of scientists globally. Despite having adequate nutritional appeal, many proteins are also lost in waste streams due to their poor ... ...

Abstract	With increasing protein needs for the burgeoning population, newer sources of proteins are attracting the attention of scientists globally. Despite having adequate nutritional appeal, many proteins are also lost in waste streams due to their poor functional properties. Besides the nutritional aspect, proteins have been used for controlled release of bioactives, and extending the shelf-life of fresh produce due to their ability to form edible films and coatings. However, the lack of functional properties such as emulsifying, foaming, and gelation in most of these proteins makes their incorporation in food matrices difficult. Among the various approaches to overcome these limitations, succinylation of proteins using succinic anhydride, octenyl succinic anhydride and dodecenyl succinic anhydride is a simple and efficient technique for meeting the functional requirements of the existing and novel sources of protein. This review summarizes the potential of succinylation to improve the properties of a wide range of food proteins for applications in food systems. The review also critically examines the emerging technologies for the processing of proteins, as well as the effect of succinylation on the structural changes and physicochemical properties of the proteins, and the bottlenecks in adopting succinylation of proteins commercially.
Keywords	anhydrides ; bioactive compounds ; fresh produce ; gelation ; shelf life
Language	English
Dates of publication	2022-0115
Publishing place	Elsevier Ltd
Document type	Article
ZDB-ID	241369-3
ISSN	0460-1173 ; 0023-6438
ISSN	0460-1173 ; 0023-6438
DOI	10.1016/j.lwt.2021.112866
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Article ; Online: PaCL: Patient-aware contrastive learning through metadata refinement for generalized early disease diagnosis.

Gorade, Vandan / Mittal, Sparsh / Singhal, Rekha

Computers in biology and medicine

2023 Volume 167, Page(s) 107569

Abstract: Early diagnosis plays a pivotal role in effectively treating numerous diseases, especially in healthcare scenarios where prompt and accurate diagnoses are essential. Contrastive learning (CL) has emerged as a promising approach for medical tasks, ... ...

Abstract	Early diagnosis plays a pivotal role in effectively treating numerous diseases, especially in healthcare scenarios where prompt and accurate diagnoses are essential. Contrastive learning (CL) has emerged as a promising approach for medical tasks, offering advantages over traditional supervised learning methods. However, in healthcare, patient metadata contains valuable clinical information that can enhance representations, yet existing CL methods often overlook this data. In this study, we propose an novel approach that leverages both clinical information and imaging data in contrastive learning to enhance model generalization and interpretability. Furthermore, existing contrastive methods may be prone to sampling bias, which can lead to the model capturing spurious relationships and exhibiting unequal performance across protected subgroups frequently encountered in medical settings. To address these limitations, we introduce Patient-aware Contrastive Learning (PaCL), featuring an inter-class separability objective (IeSO) and an intra-class diversity objective (IaDO). IeSO harnesses rich clinical information to refine samples, while IaDO ensures the necessary diversity among samples to prevent class collapse. We demonstrate the effectiveness of PaCL both theoretically through causal refinements and empirically across six real-world medical imaging tasks spanning three imaging modalities: ophthalmology, radiology, and dermatology. Notably, PaCL outperforms previous techniques across all six tasks.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Metadata ; Early Diagnosis ; Health Facilities ; Radiology
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-10-17
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	127557-4
ISSN	1879-0534 ; 0010-4825
ISSN (online)	1879-0534
ISSN	0010-4825
DOI	10.1016/j.compbiomed.2023.107569
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Article ; Online: Investigation into the chemical modification of α-amylase using octenyl succinic anhydride: enzyme characterisation and stability studies.

Danait-Nabar, Saaylee / Singhal, Rekha S

Bioprocess and biosystems engineering

2023 Volume 46, Issue 5, Page(s) 645–664

Abstract: The present study describes the chemical modification of α-amylase using succinic anhydride (SA), phthalic anhydride (PA) and a novel modifier viz. 2-octenyl succinic anhydride (2-OSA). SA-, PA- and 2-OSA-α-amylases displayed a 50%, 91% and 46% increase ... ...

Abstract	The present study describes the chemical modification of α-amylase using succinic anhydride (SA), phthalic anhydride (PA) and a novel modifier viz. 2-octenyl succinic anhydride (2-OSA). SA-, PA- and 2-OSA-α-amylases displayed a 50%, 91% and 46% increase in stability at pH 9, respectively; as compared to unmodified α-amylase. PA-α-amylase showed a significant increase in Ea and ΔH
MeSH term(s)	alpha-Amylases ; Succinic Anhydrides/chemistry ; Tryptophan ; Starch/chemistry
Chemical Substances	alpha-Amylases (EC 3.2.1.1) ; succinic anhydride (6RF4O17Z8J) ; Succinic Anhydrides ; Tryptophan (8DUH1N11BX) ; Starch (9005-25-8) ; phthalic anhydride (UVL263I5BJ)
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-02-24
Publishing country	Germany
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1476357-6
ISSN	1615-7605 ; 1432-0797 ; 1615-7591
ISSN (online)	1615-7605 ; 1432-0797
ISSN	1615-7591
DOI	10.1007/s00449-023-02850-z
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