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Article: Expected injury cost indices on Finnish farms.

Sinisalo, A

Journal of agricultural safety and health

2012 Volume 18, Issue 1, Page(s) 31–43

Abstract: Annually, more than 6000 work-related injuries occur on Finnish farms. One-fourth of these injuries are classified as severe, resulting in considerable economic losses to agricultural enterprises and the national economy. The injury rate among farmers is ...

Abstract	Annually, more than 6000 work-related injuries occur on Finnish farms. One-fourth of these injuries are classified as severe, resulting in considerable economic losses to agricultural enterprises and the national economy. The injury rate among farmers is more than twice that among all employees on average. This study aimed to identify the risk factors that should be considered when targeting interventions, thus improving their cost-effectiveness. The expected injury cost (EIC) risk index method, which combines the probability of injuries with their severity and costs, was implemented. The potential risk factors included the type of agricultural operation, worker characteristics (gender, age), agricultural work tasks performed, and the geographical location of the farm enterprise. Crop production emerged as the type of agricultural operation with the highest risk index (1.12). The lowest risk index was in sheep and goat husbandry operations (0.35). The risk index was higher for men compared to women (1.11 vs. 0.77). The highest risk age group was farmers from 55 to 59 years of age (1.36). Farmers under 40 (0.17 to 0.89) and over 65 years old (0.70) had the lowest injury risks. No evidence was found that dangerous regions are concentrated in certain geographical parts of the country. The most common agricultural work tasks in which injuries occurred were the repair and maintenance of machinery and equipment, the transportation and relocation of animals, and milking. These accounted for more than one-third of all compensated work injuries in 2005. The identified risk factors could be considered when setting priorities in injury prevention and resource allocation.
MeSH term(s)	Adult ; Aged ; Agriculture/economics ; Female ; Finland/epidemiology ; Humans ; Injury Severity Score ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Models, Economic ; Occupational Health ; Occupational Injuries/economics ; Occupational Injuries/epidemiology ; Occupational Injuries/prevention & control ; Risk Factors ; Young Adult
Language	English
Publishing date	2012-03-27
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	1501979-2
ISSN	1943-7846 ; 1074-7583
ISSN (online)	1943-7846
ISSN	1074-7583
DOI	10.13031/2013.41231
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Book ; Thesis: Geophysical exploration of Antarctic blue ice areas (BIAs) for paleoclimate applications

Sinisalo, Anna

(Arctic Centre reports, ; 51)

2007

Abstract: Antarctic blue ice areas (BIAs) cover about 1 % of Antarctic surface area. The BIAs are known to have very old ice at the surface. This ice could be of great value for paleoclimatic purposes but the dating of the surface blue ice is demanding. Only few ... ...

Author's details	by Anna Sinisalo
Series title	Arctic Centre reports, ; 51
Abstract	"Antarctic blue ice areas (BIAs) cover about 1 % of Antarctic surface area. The BIAs are known to have very old ice at the surface. This ice could be of great value for paleoclimatic purposes but the dating of the surface blue ice is demanding. Only few BIAs have been studied for paleoclimatic purposes although the temporal resolution in paleoclimatic data collected from the surface of a BIA can be higher than those of any of the vertical Antarctic ice cores. In this study, we focus on Scharffenbergbotnen, a blue ice area in Dronning Maud Land, Antarctica. Surface mass balance, ice flow velocities, and age gradient of the surface blue ice are determined by stake, ground penetrating radar, and differential GPS measurements. We estimate the surface age gradient and the age of our blue ice samples by adjusting a flowmodel to match with radiocarbon ages of the ice samples from the same area. The age gradients estimated by the flowmodel, by following isochrones with a ground penetrating radar, and by high resolution isotopic analysis are rather consistent. An isotopic analysis of a limited set of snow and blue ice samples can provide a fast and easy way to make a first estimation of the age of a BIA. A 101 m long continuous surface profile was also analysed for stable water isotopes from Scharffenbergbotnen BIA. According to the dating model the time period sampled is about a 500-year span of the mid-Holocene. The isotopic analysis imply that the mid-Holocene samples in Scharffenbergbotnen originate from a cooler climate period I than the present. Furthermore, comparison with 10500 year old ice shows that the modern climate is about 1.0±0.3°C warmer than the early Holocene climatic optimum in Scharffenbergbotnen. Many of the BIAs in mountainous areas of Dronning Maud Land are of Holocene origin. Changes in ice sheet thickness control the existence of the BIAs in the mountainous areas. Scharffenbergbotnen BIA was much smaller in the last glacial maximum than it is today. However, there are significant differences between the ice sheet elevation history in the mountainous areas of Dronning Maud Land and in central East Antarctica and Transantarctic mountains. This work emphasises that geophysical data must be combined with ice core analysis to get a reliable paleoclimate record. Although dating can be demanding, BIAs can provide high resolution paleoclimatic data that cannot be extracted from anywhere else"--P. [4].
Keywords	Ice fields ; Ice sheets ; Paleoclimatology ; Glaciers ; Ice ; Ice cores
Language	English
Size	102 p. :, ill. (some col.), maps ;, 24 cm.
Publisher	University of Oulu ; Arctic Centre, University of Lapland
Publishing place	Rovaniemi, Finland
Document type	Book ; Thesis
Thesis / German Habilitation thesis	Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Oulu, 2007
ISBN	9789524841597 ; 9524841592
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article: Recent climate tendencies on an East Antarctic ice shelf inferred from a shallow firn core network.

Schlosser, E / Anschütz, H / Divine, D / Martma, T / Sinisalo, A / Altnau, S / Isaksson, E

Journal of geophysical research. Atmospheres : JGR

2014 Volume 119, Issue 11, Page(s) 6549–6562

Abstract: Nearly three decades of stable isotope ratios and surface mass balance (SMB) data from eight shallow firn cores retrieved at Fimbul Ice Shelf, East Antarctica, in the Austral summers 2009-2011 have been investigated. An additional longer core drilled in ... ...

Abstract	Nearly three decades of stable isotope ratios and surface mass balance (SMB) data from eight shallow firn cores retrieved at Fimbul Ice Shelf, East Antarctica, in the Austral summers 2009-2011 have been investigated. An additional longer core drilled in 2000/2001 extends the series back to the early eighteenth century. Isotope ratios and SMB from the stacked record of all cores were also related to instrumental temperature data from Neumayer Station on Ekström Ice Shelf. Since the second half of the twentieth century, the SMB shows a statistically significant negative trend, whereas the δ Key points: Mass balance and stable oxygen isotope ratios from shallow firn coresDecreasing trend in surface mass balance, no trend in stable isotopesNegative correlation between SAM and SMB.
Language	English
Publishing date	2014-06-11
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	710256-2
ISSN	2169-8996 ; 2169-897X ; 0148-0227
ISSN (online)	2169-8996
ISSN	2169-897X ; 0148-0227
DOI	10.1002/2013JD020818
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Article: Farm characteristics and perceptions regarding costs contribute to the adoption of biosecurity in Finnish pig and cattle farms

Niemi, J. K. / Sahlström, L. / Kyyrö, J. / Lyytikäinen, T. / Sinisalo, A.

Review of agricultural, food and environmental studies

2016 Volume 97, Issue 4, Page(s) 215

Language	English
Document type	Article
ZDB-ID	2843008-6
ISSN	2425-6870
Database	Current Contents Nutrition, Environment, Agriculture

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Article: Tail biting and production performance in fattening pigs

Sinisalo, A. / Niemi, J. K. / Heinonen, M. / Valros, A.

Livestock science

2012 Volume 143, Issue 2/3, Page(s) 220

Language	English
Document type	Article
ZDB-ID	2226176-X
ISSN	1871-1413
Database	Current Contents Nutrition, Environment, Agriculture

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Article ; Online: Beach litter sources around Nuuk, Greenland: An analysis by UArctic summer school graduate course students.

Haarr, Marthe Larsen / Bach, Lis / Chambers, Catherine P / Falk-Andersson, Jannike / Juul-Pedersen, Thomas / Metcalfe, Ryan d'Arcy / Sinisalo, Anna / Strand, Jakob / Svendsen, Helene / Baak, Julia E / Björnsdóttir, Helga Hvanndal / Brenner, Elsa Margaret Krook / Christiansen, Sigrid / Delattre, Cécilia / Gauthier, Maeva / Georgiou, Rachel Helen / Günther, Ljuba / Hägg, Fanny / Markussen, Ulunnguaq /

Parga Martínez, Karla Berenice / le Pevedic, Arnaud / Refosco, Alice / Tandberg, Bror Kristian Raanaas / Tulatz, Felix / Van Broeck, Silke / Visser, Nathan Thomas / Wittwer, Louise

Marine pollution bulletin

2023 Volume 191, Page(s) 114914

Abstract: Modeling studies illustrate the potential for long-range transport of plastics into the Arctic, although the degree to which this occurs remains relatively undocumented. We utilised a teaching exercise at a UArctic summer school graduate course in Nuuk, ... ...

Abstract	Modeling studies illustrate the potential for long-range transport of plastics into the Arctic, although the degree to which this occurs remains relatively undocumented. We utilised a teaching exercise at a UArctic summer school graduate course in Nuuk, Greenland to conduct a preliminary in-depth analysis of beach litter sources in the Nuup Kangerlua fjord. Students and instructors collected and analysed 1800 litter items weighing 200 kg from one location in the fjord and another at its mouth. The results suggest a predominance of local sources to macrolitter, rather than long-range transport from Europe. Fisheries-related items and rope were common. Packaging which could be identified was largely suspected to be products distributed in Greenland, and soft plastics, which rarely disperse far from its source, were also common. The results suggest local measures to reduce mismanaged waste and emissions from fisheries are important for reducing marine litter in West Greenland.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Waste Products/analysis ; Environmental Monitoring/methods ; Greenland ; Plastics ; Schools ; Students ; Bathing Beaches
Chemical Substances	Waste Products ; Plastics
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-04-18
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2001296-2
ISSN	1879-3363 ; 0025-326X
ISSN (online)	1879-3363
ISSN	0025-326X
DOI	10.1016/j.marpolbul.2023.114914
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Article: Tail biting and production performance in fattening pigs

Sinisalo, Alina / Niemi, Jarkko K / Heinonen, Mari / Valros, Anna

Livestock science. 2012 Feb., v. 143, no. 2-3

2012

Abstract: Tail biting is an important animal welfare problem that is known to negatively affect production performance. We studied how tail biting influences the production performance in fattening pigs. Production performance was measured as the average daily ... ...

Abstract	Tail biting is an important animal welfare problem that is known to negatively affect production performance. We studied how tail biting influences the production performance in fattening pigs. Production performance was measured as the average daily gain (ADG), gross feed conversion ratio (FCR), red meat percentage (Meat%). Pigs' genetic merit, gender and breed were taken into account in the analysis. In addition, differences between breeds and genders in the prevalence of tail biting were studied. The data were collected from a farm and they included individual records for 3190 pigs. Altogether, 11.4% pigs were identified as victims. Between boars, females and barrows there were not significant differences in the risk for being a tail biting victim. Yorkshire (Y) pigs were identified as victims more often than Landrace (L) pigs, 13.8% and 10.0%, respectively (p=0.001). Non-victims had a greater ADG than victims (33.4g/d difference in observed means but 10.8g/d difference when adjusted to genetic merit). These values correspond to 1 to 3% reduction in ADG. By contrast, no significant differences between victims' and non-victims' FCR and Meat% were found. The results highlight the need to take into account genetics, breed and other factors affecting production performance when estimating the effects of a health disorder.
Keywords	animal welfare ; average daily gain ; barrows ; boars ; breeds ; farms ; feed conversion ; females ; finishing ; genetic merit ; landraces ; red meat ; risk ; tail
Language	English
Dates of publication	2012-02
Size	p. 220-225.
Publishing place	Elsevier B.V.
Document type	Article
ZDB-ID	2226176-X
ISSN	1871-1413
ISSN	1871-1413
DOI	10.1016/j.livsci.2011.09.019
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article ; Online: Importance and vulnerability of the world's water towers.

Immerzeel, W W / Lutz, A F / Andrade, M / Bahl, A / Biemans, H / Bolch, T / Hyde, S / Brumby, S / Davies, B J / Elmore, A C / Emmer, A / Feng, M / Fernández, A / Haritashya, U / Kargel, J S / Koppes, M / Kraaijenbrink, P D A / Kulkarni, A V / Mayewski, P A /

Nepal, S / Pacheco, P / Painter, T H / Pellicciotti, F / Rajaram, H / Rupper, S / Sinisalo, A / Shrestha, A B / Viviroli, D / Wada, Y / Xiao, C / Yao, T / Baillie, J E M

Nature

2019 Volume 577, Issue 7790, Page(s) 364–369

Abstract: Mountains are the water towers of the world, supplying a substantial part of both natural and anthropogenic water ... ...

Abstract	Mountains are the water towers of the world, supplying a substantial part of both natural and anthropogenic water demands
MeSH term(s)	Altitude ; Conservation of Natural Resources ; Humans ; Socioeconomic Factors ; Water ; Water Supply
Chemical Substances	Water (059QF0KO0R)
Language	English
Publishing date	2019-12-09
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	120714-3
ISSN	1476-4687 ; 0028-0836
ISSN (online)	1476-4687
ISSN	0028-0836
DOI	10.1038/s41586-019-1822-y
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Conference proceedings ; Online: Market and policy-oriented incentives to provide animal welfare

Niemi, Jarkko K. / Sinisalo, Alina / Valros, Anna / Heinonen, Mari

The case of tail biting

2012

Abstract: Modern animal production has been criticised for the lack of animal-friendly production practices. The goal of this paper is to examine how animal welfare could be improved in pig fattening by providing producers with extra incentives. The focus is on ... ...

Abstract	Modern animal production has been criticised for the lack of animal-friendly production practices. The goal of this paper is to examine how animal welfare could be improved in pig fattening by providing producers with extra incentives. The focus is on three preventive and one mitigative measures, viz. proving the pigs with plenty of straw as enrichment, solid-floor housing (vs. partly slatted flooring), extra pen space per pig, and mitigation of tail biting once the first case has been observed. Each measure is modelled under two different situations and different support policies. The results suggest that producers have incentives to adjust prevention policy when new information about the risk of tail biting is obtained. Moreover, the resources would be used more efficiently by promoting enrichments use (as such or with type) than extra space, but this requires markets or public policy to provide producers with extra incentives.
Keywords	Animal welfare ; risk of tail biting ; losses ; subsidy ; Agricultural and Food Policy ; Risk and Uncertainty ; Q12 ; Q18
Subject code	630
Language	English
Publishing country	us
Document type	Conference proceedings ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Importance and vulnerability of the world’s water towers

Immerzeel, W.W. / Lutz, A.F. / Andrade, M. / Bahl, A. / Biemans, H. / Bolch, T. / Hyde, S. / Brumby, S. / Davies, B.J. / Elmore, A.C. / Emmer, A. / Feng, M. / Fernández, A. / Haritashya, U. / Kargel, J.S. / Koppes, M. / Kraaijenbrink, P.D.A. / Kulkarni, A.V. / Mayewski, P.A. /

Nepal, S. / Pacheco, P. / Painter, T.H. / Pellicciotti, F. / Rajaram, H. / Rupper, S. / Sinisalo, A. / Shrestha, A.B. / Viviroli, D. / Wada, Y. / Xiao, C. / Yao, T. / Baillie, J.E.M.

Nature

2020 Volume 577, Issue 7790

Abstract: Mountains are the water towers of the world, supplying a substantial part of both natural and anthropogenic water demands1,2. They are highly sensitive and prone to climate change3,4, yet their importance and vulnerability have not been quantified at the ...

Abstract	Mountains are the water towers of the world, supplying a substantial part of both natural and anthropogenic water demands1,2. They are highly sensitive and prone to climate change3,4, yet their importance and vulnerability have not been quantified at the global scale. Here we present a global water tower index (WTI), which ranks all water towers in terms of their water-supplying role and the downstream dependence of ecosystems and society. For each water tower, we assess its vulnerability related to water stress, governance, hydropolitical tension and future climatic and socio-economic changes. We conclude that the most important (highest WTI) water towers are also among the most vulnerable, and that climatic and socio-economic changes will affect them profoundly. This could negatively impact 1.9 billion people living in (0.3 billion) or directly downstream of (1.6 billion) mountainous areas. Immediate action is required to safeguard the future of the world’s most important and vulnerable water towers.
Keywords	Life Science
Subject code	333
Language	English
Publishing country	nl
Document type	Article ; Online
ZDB-ID	120714-3
ISSN	1476-4687 ; 0028-0836
ISSN (online)	1476-4687
ISSN	0028-0836
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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