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Book ; Online: Impact of Landes forest fires on air quality in France during the summer 2022

Menut, Laurent / Cholakian, Arineh / Siour, Guillaume / Lapere, Remy / Pennel, Romain / Mailler, Sylvain / Bessagnet, Bertrand

eISSN:

2023

Abstract: The atypical huge forest fires observed in France during the summer of 2022 are modeled using the CHIMERE model. The impact of these emissions is quantified on ozone, aerosols and aerosol optical depth (AOD). The fires also influence the surface by ... ...

Abstract	The atypical huge forest fires observed in France during the summer of 2022 are modeled using the CHIMERE model. The impact of these emissions is quantified on ozone, aerosols and aerosol optical depth (AOD). The fires also influence the surface by destroying the vegetation and creating new erodible surfaces. This increases the mineral dust emissions but also reduces the leaf area index (LAI), and then it decreases the biogenic emissions and the dry deposition of gases such as ozone. Results show that the fires induce numerous increases in surface ozone and particulate matter (PM) concentrations close to the sources but also in downwind remote sites such as the Paris area. During the period of the most intense fires in July, the impact of concentrations is mainly due to emissions themselves, and later, in August, ozone and PM concentrations continue to increase but this time due to changes in the burned surfaces.
Subject code	910
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-07-04
Publishing country	de
Document type	Book ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Book ; Online: Impact of Landes forest fires on air quality in France during the 2022 summer

Menut, Laurent / Cholakian, Arineh / Siour, Guillaume / Lapere, Rémy / Pennel, Romain / Mailler, Sylvain / Bessagnet, Bertrand

eISSN: 1680-7324

2023

Abstract	The atypical huge forest fires observed in France during the summer of 2022 are modeled using the CHIMERE model. The impact of these emissions is quantified on ozone, aerosols and aerosol optical depth (AOD). The fires also influence the surface by destroying the vegetation and creating new erodible surfaces. This increases the mineral dust emissions but also reduces the leaf area index (LAI), and then it decreases the biogenic emissions and the dry deposition of gases such as ozone. Results show that the fires induce numerous increases in surface ozone and particulate matter (PM) concentrations close to the sources but also in downwind remote sites such as the Paris area. During the period of the most intense fires in July, the impact of concentrations is mainly due to emissions themselves, and later, in August, ozone and PM concentrations continue to increase but this time due to changes in the burned surfaces.
Subject code	910
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-07-04
Publishing country	de
Document type	Book ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Book ; Online: The CHIMERE chemistry-transport model v2023r1

Menut, Laurent / Cholakian, Arineh / Pennel, Romain / Siour, Guillaume / Mailler, Sylvain / Valari, Myrto / Lugon, Lya / Meurdesoif, Yann

eISSN: 1991-9603

2024

Abstract: A new version of the CHIMERE model is presented. This version contains both computational and physico-chemical changes. The computational changes make it easy to choose the variables to be extracted as a result, including values of maximum sub-hourly ... ...

Abstract	A new version of the CHIMERE model is presented. This version contains both computational and physico-chemical changes. The computational changes make it easy to choose the variables to be extracted as a result, including values of maximum sub-hourly concentrations. Performance tests show that the model is 1.5 to 2 times faster than the previous version for the same set-up. Processes have been modified and updated such as turbulence, transport schemes and dry deposition. Optimization was also performed for the management of emissions such as anthropogenic and mineral dust. The impact of fires on wind speed, soil properties and LAI was added. Pollen emissions, transport and deposition were added for birch, ragweed, olive, grass. The model is validated with a simulation covering Europe with 60×60 km resolution and the entire year of 2019. Results are compared to various measurements, and statistical scores show that the model provides better results than the previous versions.
Subject code	660
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-02-16
Publishing country	de
Document type	Book ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article: Changes in spatial patterns of ammonia dry deposition flux and deposition threshold exceedance according to dispersion model formalism and horizontal resolution

Azouz, Niramson / Beekmann, Matthias / Siour, Guillaume / Cellier, Pierre / Drouet, Jean-Louis

Environmental pollution. 2021 Jan. 01, v. 268

2021

Abstract: Ammonia (NH₃) emitted into the atmosphere from agricultural sources may affect nearby sensitive ecosystems due to high dry deposition fluxes on vegetation and soil surfaces, contributing to critical load exceedances. Ammonia fluxes near sources are ... ...

Abstract	Ammonia (NH₃) emitted into the atmosphere from agricultural sources may affect nearby sensitive ecosystems due to high dry deposition fluxes on vegetation and soil surfaces, contributing to critical load exceedances. Ammonia fluxes near sources are simulated by either short-range atmospheric models or regional models using large grid cell sizes. However, studies are missing on the comparison of the results simulated by these two types of models. This paper presents the effect of model formalism, input factors, especially grid cell size and wind speed and the choice of deposition threshold on the spatial patterns of NH₃ dry deposition fluxes and deposition threshold exceedances. We used the Eulerian chemistry-transport model CHIMERE and the Gaussian plume model OPS-ST on two study domains characterised by contrasting land use. We showed that the average annual NH₃ dry deposition fluxes over each whole domain are similar for both models. By contrast, NH₃ dry deposition fluxes near sources are higher when simulated with OPS-ST that provides analytical solutions that can be sampled with small grid cell sizes (i.e., from 25 to 1600 m in this study), than with CHIMERE, which uses large grid cell sizes (i.e., 800 and 1600 m). As a result, the spatial patterns of deposition threshold exceedance were very different between both models. These patterns depend mainly on grid cell size, the input factors and the choice of the deposition threshold value. We show that the model formalism has a relatively small effect on the results and that the differences result mainly from the spatial resolutions to which they can be applied. Simulation results must therefore be interpreted carefully, taking into account the simulation conditions.
Keywords	ammonia ; critical load ; dry deposition ; land use ; models ; soil ; vegetation ; wind speed
Language	English
Dates of publication	2021-0101
Publishing place	Elsevier Ltd
Document type	Article
Note	NAL-AP-2-clean
ZDB-ID	280652-6
ISSN	1873-6424 ; 0013-9327 ; 0269-7491
ISSN (online)	1873-6424
ISSN	0013-9327 ; 0269-7491
DOI	10.1016/j.envpol.2020.115823
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article: Impact of lockdown measures to combat Covid-19 on air quality over western Europe

Menut, Laurent / Bessagnet, Bertrand / Siour, Guillaume / Mailler, Sylvain / Pennel, Romain / Cholakian, Arineh

Science of the total environment. 2020 Nov. 01, v. 741

2020

Abstract: Recent studies based on observations have shown the impact of lockdown measures taken in various European countries to contain the Covid-19 pandemic on air quality. However, these studies are often limited to compare situations without and with lockdown ... ...

Abstract	Recent studies based on observations have shown the impact of lockdown measures taken in various European countries to contain the Covid-19 pandemic on air quality. However, these studies are often limited to compare situations without and with lockdown measures, which correspond to different time periods and then under different meteorological conditions. We propose a modelling study with the WRF-CHIMERE modelling suite for March 2020, an approach allowing to compare atmospheric composition with and without lockdown measures without the biases of meteorological conditions. This study shows that the lockdown effect on atmospheric composition, in particular through massive traffic reductions, has been important for several short-lived atmospheric trace species, with a large reduction in NO₂ concentrations, a lower reduction in Particulate Matter (PM) concentrations and a mitigated effect on ozone concentrations due to non-linear chemical effects.
Keywords	COVID-19 infection ; air quality ; atmospheric chemistry ; environment ; ozone ; particulates ; traffic ; Western European region
Language	English
Dates of publication	2020-1101
Publishing place	Elsevier B.V.
Document type	Article
Note	NAL-AP-2-clean
ZDB-ID	121506-1
ISSN	1879-1026 ; 0048-9697
ISSN (online)	1879-1026
ISSN	0048-9697
DOI	10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.140426
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article ; Online: Impact of lockdown measures to combat Covid-19 on air quality over western Europe.

Menut, Laurent / Bessagnet, Bertrand / Siour, Guillaume / Mailler, Sylvain / Pennel, Romain / Cholakian, Arineh

The Science of the total environment

2020 Volume 741, Page(s) 140426

Abstract	Recent studies based on observations have shown the impact of lockdown measures taken in various European countries to contain the Covid-19 pandemic on air quality. However, these studies are often limited to compare situations without and with lockdown measures, which correspond to different time periods and then under different meteorological conditions. We propose a modelling study with the WRF-CHIMERE modelling suite for March 2020, an approach allowing to compare atmospheric composition with and without lockdown measures without the biases of meteorological conditions. This study shows that the lockdown effect on atmospheric composition, in particular through massive traffic reductions, has been important for several short-lived atmospheric trace species, with a large reduction in NO
MeSH term(s)	Air Pollutants/analysis ; Air Pollution/analysis ; Betacoronavirus ; COVID-19 ; Coronavirus Infections ; Environmental Monitoring ; Europe ; Humans ; Pandemics ; Particulate Matter/analysis ; Pneumonia, Viral ; SARS-CoV-2
Chemical Substances	Air Pollutants ; Particulate Matter
Keywords	covid19
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-06-23
Publishing country	Netherlands
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	121506-1
ISSN	1879-1026 ; 0048-9697
ISSN (online)	1879-1026
ISSN	0048-9697
DOI	10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.140426
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Article ; Online: Changes in spatial patterns of ammonia dry deposition flux and deposition threshold exceedance according to dispersion model formalism and horizontal resolution.

Azouz, Niramson / Beekmann, Matthias / Siour, Guillaume / Cellier, Pierre / Drouet, Jean-Louis

Environmental pollution (Barking, Essex : 1987)

2020 Volume 268, Issue Pt B, Page(s) 115823

Abstract: ... Ammonia ( ... ...

Abstract	Ammonia (NH
MeSH term(s)	Air Pollutants/analysis ; Ammonia/analysis ; Atmosphere ; Ecosystem ; Environmental Monitoring ; Wind
Chemical Substances	Air Pollutants ; Ammonia (7664-41-7)
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-10-14
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	280652-6
ISSN	1873-6424 ; 0013-9327 ; 0269-7491
ISSN (online)	1873-6424
ISSN	0013-9327 ; 0269-7491
DOI	10.1016/j.envpol.2020.115823
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Article ; Online: Correction to: Temporal trend of diarrhea morbidity rate with climate change: Egypt as a case study.

Saad-Hussein, Amal / Helmy, Mona Adel / Ellaithy, Lamia Samir / Wheida, Ali / Nazer, Mostafa El / Alfaro, Stephane C / Siour, Guillaume / Borbon, Agnes / Wahab, Mohamed Magdy Abdel / Mostafa, Amira N

Environmental science and pollution research international

2023 Volume 30, Issue 8, Page(s) 22143

Language	English
Publishing date	2023-01-07
Publishing country	Germany
Document type	Published Erratum
ZDB-ID	1178791-0
ISSN	1614-7499 ; 0944-1344
ISSN (online)	1614-7499
ISSN	0944-1344
DOI	10.1007/s11356-023-25225-z
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Article ; Online: Temporal trend of diarrhea morbidity rate with climate change: Egypt as a case study [Correction: Feb. 2023, 30(8), p. 22143]

Saad-Hussein, Amal / Helmy, Mona Adel / Ellaithy, Lamia Samir / Wheida, Ali / El Nazer, Mostafa / Alfaro, Stephane C. / Siour, Guillaume / Borbon, Agnes / Abdel Wahab, Mohamed Magdy / Mostafa, Amira N.

Environ Sci Pollut Res. 2023 Jan., v. 30, no. 2, p. 5059-5075

2023 , Page(s) 5059–5075

Abstract: Many studies have detected a relationship between diarrhea morbidity rates with the changes in precipitation, temperature, floods, droughts, water shortage, etc. But, most of the authors were cautious in their studies, because of the lack of empirical ... ...

Abstract	Many studies have detected a relationship between diarrhea morbidity rates with the changes in precipitation, temperature, floods, droughts, water shortage, etc. But, most of the authors were cautious in their studies, because of the lack of empirical climate-health data and there were large uncertainties in the future projections. The study aimed to refine the link between the morbidity rates of diarrhea in some Egyptian governorates representative of the three Egyptian geographical divisions with the meteorological changes that occurred in the 2006–2016 period for which the medical data are available, as a case study. Medical raw data was collected from the Information Centre Department of the Egyptian Ministry of Health and Population. The meteorological data of temperature and precipitation extremes were defined as data outside the 10th–90th percentile range of values of the period of study, and their analysis was done using a methodology similar to the one recommended by the WMO and integrated in the CLIMDEX software. Relationships between the morbidity rates of diarrhea in seven Egyptian governorates and the meteorological changes that occurred in the period 2006 to 2016 were analyzed using multiple linear regression analysis to identify the most effective meteorological factor that affects the trend of morbidity rate of diarrhea in each governorate. Statistical analysis revealed that some meteorological parameters can be used as predictors for morbidity rates of diarrhea in Cairo, Alexandria, and Gharbia, but not in Aswan, Behaira, and Dakahlia where the temporal evolution cannot be related with meteorology. In Red Sea, there was no temporal trend and no significant relationships between the diarrhea morbidity rate and meteorological parameters. The predictor meteorological parameters for morbidity rates of diarrhea were found to be depending on the geographic locations and infrastructures in these governorates. It was concluded that the meteorological data that can be used as predictors for the morbidity rate of diarrhea is depending on the geographical location and infrastructures of the target location. The socioeconomic levels as well as the infrastructures in the governorate must be considered confounders in future studies.
Keywords	case studies ; climate change ; computer software ; diarrhea ; meteorological data ; meteorology ; morbidity ; regression analysis ; temperature ; water shortages ; Egypt ; Red Sea
Language	English
Dates of publication	2023-01
Size	p. 5059-5075
Publishing place	Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Document type	Article ; Online
ZDB-ID	1178791-0
ISSN	1614-7499 ; 0944-1344
ISSN (online)	1614-7499
ISSN	0944-1344
DOI	10.1007/s11356-022-22431-z
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Book ; Online: Simulation of organic aerosol, its precursors, and related oxidants in the Landes pine forest in southwestern France

Cholakian, Arineh / Beekmann, Matthias / Siour, Guillaume / Coll, Isabelle / Cirtog, Manuela / Ormeño, Elena / Flaud, Pierre-Marie / Perraudin, Emilie / Villenave, Eric

eISSN: 1680-7324

accounting for domain-specific land use and physical conditions

2023

Abstract: Organic aerosol (OA) still remains one of the most difficult components of the atmospheric aerosols to simulate, given the multitude of its precursors, the uncertainty in its formation pathways, and the lack of measurements of its detailed composition. ... ...

Abstract	Organic aerosol (OA) still remains one of the most difficult components of the atmospheric aerosols to simulate, given the multitude of its precursors, the uncertainty in its formation pathways, and the lack of measurements of its detailed composition. The LANDEX (LANDes Experiment) project, during its intensive field campaign in summer 2017, gives us the opportunity to compare biogenic secondary OA (BSOA) and its precursors and oxidants obtained within and above the Landes forest canopy to simulations performed with CHIMERE, a state-of-the-art regional chemistry transport model. The Landes forest is situated in the southwestern part of France and is one of the largest anthropized forests in Europe ( 1×10 6 ha). The majority of the forest is comprised of maritime pine trees, which are strong terpenoid emitters, providing a large potential for BSOA formation. In order to simulate OA buildup in this area, a specific model configuration setup adapted to the local peculiarities was necessary. As the forest is nonhomogeneous, with interstitial agricultural fields, high-resolution 1 km simulations over the forest area were performed. Biogenic volatile organic compound (BVOC) emissions were predicted by MEGAN, but specific land cover information needed to be used and was thus chosen from the comparison of several high-resolution land cover databases. Moreover, the tree species distribution needed to be updated for the specific conditions of the Landes forest. In order to understand the canopy effect in the forest, canopy effects on vertical diffusivity, winds, and radiation were implemented in the model in a simplified way. The refined simulations show a redistribution of BVOCs with a decrease in isoprene and an increase in terpenoid emissions with respect to the standard case, both of which are in line with observations. Corresponding changes to simulated BSOA sources are tracked. Very low nighttime ozone, sometimes near zero, remains overestimated in all simulations. This has implications for the nighttime oxidant ...
Subject code	910
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-03-28
Publishing country	de
Document type	Book ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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