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Article ; Online: En langsomtvoksende bakterie.

Sjursen, Haakon

Tidsskrift for den Norske laegeforening : tidsskrift for praktisk medicin, ny raekke

2011 Volume 131, Issue 22, Page(s) 2249

Title translation	A slow growing bacteria.
MeSH term(s)	Abscess/microbiology ; Facial Dermatoses/microbiology ; Female ; Humans ; Nocardia Infections
Language	Norwegian
Publishing date	2011-11-15
Publishing country	Norway
Document type	Comment ; Journal Article
ZDB-ID	603504-8
ISSN	0807-7096 ; 0029-2001
ISSN (online)	0807-7096
ISSN	0029-2001
DOI	10.4045/tidsskr.11.0993
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Article ; Online: Sjelden årsak til alvorlig lidelse.

Sjursen, Haakon

Tidsskrift for den Norske laegeforening : tidsskrift for praktisk medicin, ny raekke

2010 Volume 130, Issue 2, Page(s) 152

Title translation	Rare cause of severe disease.
MeSH term(s)	Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans ; Bacterial Typing Techniques ; Cardiobacterium ; Eikenella corrodens ; Endocarditis, Bacterial/diagnosis ; Endocarditis, Bacterial/drug therapy ; Endocarditis, Bacterial/microbiology ; Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections/diagnosis ; Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections/drug therapy ; Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections/microbiology ; Haemophilus parainfluenzae ; Humans ; Kingella kingae ; Molecular Diagnostic Techniques ; Periodontitis/microbiology
Language	Norwegian
Publishing date	2010-01-28
Publishing country	Norway
Document type	Comment ; Journal Article
ZDB-ID	603504-8
ISSN	0807-7096 ; 0029-2001
ISSN (online)	0807-7096
ISSN	0029-2001
DOI	10.4045/tidsskr.09.1536
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Article ; Online: Reply to Drs. Karakonstantis and Kalemaki.

Naess, Are / Eide, Geir Egil / Sjursen, Haakon

Infection

2017

Language	English
Publishing date	2017-09-01
Publishing country	Germany
Document type	Letter
ZDB-ID	185104-4
ISSN	1439-0973 ; 0300-8126 ; 0173-2129
ISSN (online)	1439-0973
ISSN	0300-8126 ; 0173-2129
DOI	10.1007/s15010-017-1066-4
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Article ; Online: Immune responses after live attenuated influenza vaccination.

Mohn, Kristin G-I / Smith, Ingrid / Sjursen, Haakon / Cox, Rebecca Jane

Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics

2018 Volume 14, Issue 3, Page(s) 571–578

Abstract: Since 2003 (US) and 2012 (Europe) the live attenuated influenza vaccine (LAIV) has been used as an alternative to the traditional inactivated influenza vaccines (IIV). The immune responses elicted by LAIV mimic natural infection and have been found to ... ...

Abstract	Since 2003 (US) and 2012 (Europe) the live attenuated influenza vaccine (LAIV) has been used as an alternative to the traditional inactivated influenza vaccines (IIV). The immune responses elicted by LAIV mimic natural infection and have been found to provide broader clinical protection in children compared to the IIVs. However, our knowledge of the detailed immunological mechanisims induced by LAIV remain to be fully elucidated, and despite 14 years on the global market, there exists no correlate of protection. Recently, matters are further complicated by differing efficacy data from the US and Europe which are not understood. Better understanding of the immune responses after LAIV may aid in achieving the ultimate goal of a future "universal influenza vaccine". In this review we aim to cover the current understanding of the immune responses induced after LAIV.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Antibodies, Viral/immunology ; Humans ; Influenza Vaccines/immunology ; Influenza, Human/immunology ; Influenza, Human/prevention & control ; Orthomyxoviridae Infections/immunology ; Vaccination/methods ; Vaccines, Attenuated/immunology ; Vaccines, Inactivated/immunology
Chemical Substances	Antibodies, Viral ; Influenza Vaccines ; Vaccines, Attenuated ; Vaccines, Inactivated
Language	English
Publishing date	2018-01-03
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Review
ZDB-ID	2664176-8
ISSN	2164-554X ; 2164-5515
ISSN (online)	2164-554X
ISSN	2164-5515
DOI	10.1080/21645515.2017.1377376
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Article ; Online: A man with fever and joint pain.

Lutro, Olav / Lillebø, Kristine / Schrama, Johannes Cornelis / Dale, Håvard / Sjursen, Haakon

Tidsskrift for den Norske laegeforening : tidsskrift for praktisk medicin, ny raekke

2016 Volume 136, Issue 23-24, Page(s) 1999–2001

Title translation	En mann med feber og leddsmerter.
MeSH term(s)	Aged ; Anti-Bacterial Agents/therapeutic use ; Arthralgia/microbiology ; Arthritis, Infectious/drug therapy ; Arthritis, Infectious/microbiology ; Fever/microbiology ; Gonorrhea/complications ; Gonorrhea/diagnosis ; Gonorrhea/drug therapy ; Gonorrhea/epidemiology ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neisseria gonorrhoeae/isolation & purification ; Norway/epidemiology ; Travel
Chemical Substances	Anti-Bacterial Agents
Language	Norwegian
Publishing date	2016-12
Publishing country	Norway
Document type	Case Reports
ZDB-ID	603504-8
ISSN	0807-7096 ; 0029-2001
ISSN (online)	0807-7096
ISSN	0029-2001
DOI	10.4045/tidsskr.16.0266
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Article ; Online: Cardiac surgery for infective endocarditis in patients with intravenous drug use.

Østerdal, Oda Bratland / Salminen, Pirjo-Riitta / Jordal, Stina / Sjursen, Haakon / Wendelbo, Øystein / Haaverstad, Rune

Interactive cardiovascular and thoracic surgery

2016 Volume 22, Issue 5, Page(s) 633–640

Abstract: Objectives: Intravenous drug users have a high risk of infective endocarditis and reduced survival. Cardiac surgery may be recommended for these patients, but redo surgery is controversial. This study describes the characteristics and outcomes of ... ...

Abstract	Objectives: Intravenous drug users have a high risk of infective endocarditis and reduced survival. Cardiac surgery may be recommended for these patients, but redo surgery is controversial. This study describes the characteristics and outcomes of intravenous drug users accepted for surgery during a 12-year period. Methods: This retrospective study included 29 injecting drug users treated with valve surgery for endocarditis between January 2001 and December 2013 at a tertiary academic centre. Survival was assessed by Kaplan-Meier analysis. Results: The median patient age was 36 (24-63) years and 27 patients (93%) were male. Staphylococcus aureus (52%) and Enterococcus faecalis (17%) were the most common microorganisms. Common illicit drugs were opioids (69%), amphetamines (52%) and benzodiazepines (24%). Mixed abuse was reported in 66% of patients. Seven patients (24%) had prior intracardial implants or native valve pathology. Twenty-five patients (86%) were positive for hepatitis C virus antibody, but none carried the human immunodeficiency virus. Twelve (41%) were homeless and 15 (52%) had poor dental hygiene. Three patients (10%) received medication-assisted rehabilitation before surgery. The main indications for surgery were regurgitation and secondary heart failure (86%), embolization (41%) and uncontrolled infection (24%). Aortic valve replacement was performed in 24 patients (83%), either as part of univalvular or multiple valve surgery. Seven patients (24%) had multivalvular endocarditis. All but 3 patients received biological valve prostheses. The 30-day mortality was 7% after first time surgery. During follow-up, 15 patients (52%) presented with reinfection: 10 (35%) were offered a second and 2 (7%) a third operation. Thirty-day mortality was 10% after redo surgery. Thirteen patients (45%) died within a median of 22 (0-84) months. Continued intravenous drug use was reported in 70 and 44% of patients after the first and second operation, respectively. Conclusions: Cardiac surgery for infective endocarditis has acceptable early postoperative results among intravenous drug users. The 2- and 5-year survival were 79 and 59%, respectively. The number of reinfections was high within 2 years, as continued drug use seems to be a major challenge for this group.
MeSH term(s)	Adult ; Cardiac Surgical Procedures/methods ; Cardiac Surgical Procedures/mortality ; Endocarditis, Bacterial/etiology ; Endocarditis, Bacterial/surgery ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Kaplan-Meier Estimate ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Norway/epidemiology ; Prognosis ; Retrospective Studies ; Staphylococcal Infections/etiology ; Staphylococcal Infections/mortality ; Staphylococcal Infections/surgery ; Staphylococcus aureus/isolation & purification ; Substance Abuse, Intravenous/complications ; Substance Abuse, Intravenous/mortality ; Survival Rate/trends ; Time Factors ; Young Adult
Language	English
Publishing date	2016
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2095298-3
ISSN	1569-9285 ; 1569-9293
ISSN (online)	1569-9285
ISSN	1569-9293
DOI	10.1093/icvts/ivv397
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Zs.A 5730: Show issues

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Article ; Online: Role of neutrophil to lymphocyte and monocyte to lymphocyte ratios in the diagnosis of bacterial infection in patients with fever.

Naess, Are / Nilssen, Siri Saervold / Mo, Reidun / Eide, Geir Egil / Sjursen, Haakon

Infection

2016 Volume 45, Issue 3, Page(s) 299–307

Abstract: Purpose: To study the role of the neutrophil:lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and monocyte:lymphocyte ratio (MLR) in discriminating between different patient groups hospitalized for fever due to infection and those without infection.: Methods: For 299 patients ...

Abstract	Purpose: To study the role of the neutrophil:lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and monocyte:lymphocyte ratio (MLR) in discriminating between different patient groups hospitalized for fever due to infection and those without infection. Methods: For 299 patients admitted to hospital for fever with unknown cause, a number of characteristics including NLR and MLR were recorded. These characteristics were used in a multiple multinomial regression analysis to estimate the probability of a final diagnostic group of bacterial, viral, clinically confirmed, or no infection. Results: Both NLR and MLR significantly predicted final diagnostic group. Being highly correlated, however, both variables could not be retained in the same model. Both variables also interacted significantly with duration of fever. Generally, higher values of NLR and MLR indicated larger probabilities for bacterial infection and low probabilities for viral infection. Patients with septicemia had significantly higher NLR compared to patients with other bacterial infections with fever for less than one week. White blood cell counts, neutrophil counts, and C-reactive proteins did not differ significantly between septicemia and the other bacterial infection groups. Conclusions: NLR is a more useful diagnostic tool to identify patients with septicemia than other more commonly used diagnostic blood tests. NLR and MLR may be useful in the diagnosis of bacterial infection among patients hospitalized for fever.
MeSH term(s)	Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Bacterial Infections/diagnosis ; Bacterial Infections/immunology ; Female ; Fever/epidemiology ; Fever/etiology ; Fever/microbiology ; Hospitalization ; Hospitals, University ; Humans ; Leukocyte Count ; Lymphocytes/immunology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Monocytes/immunology ; Multivariate Analysis ; Neutrophils/immunology ; Norway/epidemiology ; Virus Diseases/diagnosis ; Virus Diseases/immunology ; Young Adult
Language	English
Publishing date	2016-12-19
Publishing country	Germany
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	185104-4
ISSN	1439-0973 ; 0300-8126 ; 0173-2129
ISSN (online)	1439-0973
ISSN	0300-8126 ; 0173-2129
DOI	10.1007/s15010-016-0972-1
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Article ; Online: Infective endocarditis in Western Norway: a 20-year retrospective survey.

Jordal, Stina / Kittang, Bård Reiakvam / Salminen, Pirjo-Riitta / Eide, Geir Egil / Kommedal, Øyvind / Wendelbo, Øystein / Haaverstad, Rune / Sjursen, Haakon

Infectious diseases (London, England)

2018 Volume 50, Issue 10, Page(s) 757–763

Abstract: Background: To investigate epidemiological trends of infective endocarditis (IE) in western Norway a retrospective study was performed.: Methods: Characteristics of 706 IE admissions from 1996 to 2005 and 2006 to 2015 were analysed and compared using ...

Abstract	Background: To investigate epidemiological trends of infective endocarditis (IE) in western Norway a retrospective study was performed. Methods: Characteristics of 706 IE admissions from 1996 to 2005 and 2006 to 2015 were analysed and compared using the Chi-square test for categorical variables and the t-test for age. Survival was analysed by multiple Cox regression and reported by the hazard ratio (HR). Results: Mean annual incidence rates increased from 4.6 to 7.4 per 100,000 inhabitants (rate ratio: 1.97, 95% confidence interval: 1.52-2.56, p < .001). Non-viridans streptococci, enterococci and Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus), were all independently associated with increased mortality. The frequency of IE caused by enterococci increased from 3.7 to 13.0% (p < .001). The proportion of intravenous drug users (IVDU) increased from 16.5 to 23.5% (p = .015) and had increasing aortic valve involvement (p = .023). Prosthetic valve endocarditis (PVE) constituted 30% of IE cases in both decades with biological PVE increasing from 9.4 to 22.1% (p < .001) and mechanical PVE decreasing from 18.7 to 8.9% (p < .001). In the last decade, valve replacement surgery was performed in 37.6% of the patients, of which 85.5% received a bioprosthesis. Conclusions: The incidence of IE increased significantly. Non-viridans streptococci, enterococci and S. aureus were all significantly associated with increased mortality. The increased number of enterococcal IE and the increased number of IVDUs with left-sided IE constituted new challenges. Biological implants were preferred in a majority of patients requiring surgery.
MeSH term(s)	Adult ; Aged ; Endocarditis, Bacterial/epidemiology ; Endocarditis, Bacterial/mortality ; Enterococcus/isolation & purification ; Female ; Hospital Mortality ; Humans ; Incidence ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Norway/epidemiology ; Proportional Hazards Models ; Prosthesis-Related Infections/epidemiology ; Prosthesis-Related Infections/microbiology ; Retrospective Studies ; Risk Factors ; Staphylococcal Infections/epidemiology ; Streptococcal Infections/epidemiology ; Streptococcus/isolation & purification ; Substance Abuse, Intravenous/complications ; Surveys and Questionnaires
Language	English
Publishing date	2018-06-19
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2839775-7
ISSN	2374-4243 ; 2374-4235
ISSN (online)	2374-4243
ISSN	2374-4235
DOI	10.1080/23744235.2018.1482419
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Article ; Online: Influenza Virus Hemagglutinin Stalk-Specific Antibodies in Human Serum are a Surrogate Marker for

Jacobsen, Henning / Rajendran, Madhusudan / Choi, Angela / Sjursen, Haakon / Brokstad, Karl A / Cox, Rebecca J / Palese, Peter / Krammer, Florian / Nachbagauer, Raffael

mBio

2017 Volume 8, Issue 5

Abstract: The immunogenicity of current influenza virus vaccines is assessed by measuring an increase of influenza virus-specific antibodies in a hemagglutination inhibition assay. This method exclusively measures antibodies against the hemagglutinin head domain. ... ...

Abstract	The immunogenicity of current influenza virus vaccines is assessed by measuring an increase of influenza virus-specific antibodies in a hemagglutination inhibition assay. This method exclusively measures antibodies against the hemagglutinin head domain. While this domain is immunodominant, it has been shown that hemagglutination inhibition titers do not always accurately predict protection from disease. In addition, several novel influenza virus vaccines that are currently under development do not target the hemagglutinin head domain, but rather more conserved sites, including the hemagglutinin stalk. Importantly, antibodies against the hemagglutinin stalk do not show activity in hemagglutination inhibition assays and will require different methods for quantification. In this study, we tested human serum samples from a seasonal influenza virus vaccination trial and an avian H5N1 virus vaccination trial for antibody activities in multiple types of assays, including binding assays and also functional assays. We then performed serum transfer experiments in mice which then received an H1N1 virus challenge to assess the
MeSH term(s)	Adult ; Animals ; Antibodies, Neutralizing/blood ; Antibodies, Neutralizing/immunology ; Antibodies, Viral/blood ; Antibodies, Viral/immunology ; Antibody-Dependent Cell Cytotoxicity ; Biomarkers ; Clinical Trials as Topic ; Cross Reactions ; Disease Models, Animal ; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay ; Female ; Hemagglutination Inhibition Tests ; Hemagglutinin Glycoproteins, Influenza Virus/chemistry ; Hemagglutinin Glycoproteins, Influenza Virus/immunology ; Humans ; Immunization, Passive ; Immunogenicity, Vaccine ; Influenza A Virus, H1N1 Subtype/immunology ; Influenza A Virus, H5N1 Subtype/immunology ; Influenza Vaccines/administration & dosage ; Influenza Vaccines/immunology ; Influenza, Human/immunology ; Influenza, Human/prevention & control ; Male ; Mice ; Middle Aged ; Orthomyxoviridae Infections/immunology ; Orthomyxoviridae Infections/prevention & control ; Orthomyxoviridae Infections/virology ; Vaccination
Chemical Substances	Antibodies, Neutralizing ; Antibodies, Viral ; Biomarkers ; Hemagglutinin Glycoproteins, Influenza Virus ; Influenza Vaccines
Language	English
Publishing date	2017-09-19
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
ZDB-ID	2557172-2
ISSN	2150-7511 ; 2161-2129
ISSN (online)	2150-7511
ISSN	2161-2129
DOI	10.1128/mBio.01463-17
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Article ; Online: Aminoglykosider bør fortsatt brukes i empirisk sepsisbehandling.

Lindemann, Paul Christoffer / Haldorsen, Bjørg C / Smith, Ingrid / Sjursen, Haakon / Mylvaganam, Haima

Tidsskrift for den Norske laegeforening : tidsskrift for praktisk medicin, ny raekke

2013 Volume 133, Issue 10, Page(s) 1054–1055

Title translation	Aminoglycosides should still be used in empirical sepsis treatment.
MeSH term(s)	Aminoglycosides/adverse effects ; Aminoglycosides/therapeutic use ; Anti-Bacterial Agents/adverse effects ; Anti-Bacterial Agents/therapeutic use ; Drug Resistance, Bacterial ; Humans ; Sepsis/drug therapy
Chemical Substances	Aminoglycosides ; Anti-Bacterial Agents
Language	Norwegian
Publishing date	2013-05-28
Publishing country	Norway
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	603504-8
ISSN	0807-7096 ; 0029-2001
ISSN (online)	0807-7096
ISSN	0029-2001
DOI	10.4045/tidsskr.13.0213
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