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Article: Description of immature stages of

Gosik, Rafał / Caldara, Roberto / Toševski, Ivo / Skuhrovec, Jiří

2024 Volume 1195, Page(s) 1–94

Abstract: The mature larvae of the following ... ...

Abstract	The mature larvae of the following fourteen
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-03-14
Publishing country	Bulgaria
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2445640-8
ISSN	1313-2970 ; 1313-2989
ISSN (online)	1313-2970
ISSN	1313-2989
DOI	10.3897/zookeys.1195.112328
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article ; Online: An intergenerational approach to parasitoid fitness determined using clutch size.

Samková, Alena / Raška, Jan / Hadrava, Jiří / Skuhrovec, Jiří

Scientific reports

2022 Volume 12, Issue 1, Page(s) 5217

Abstract: Parasitoids, as important natural enemies, occur in high numbers and help maintain balance in natural ecosystems. Their fitness is traditionally studied as fertility based on the number of offspring in the F1 generation. Here, using gregarious ... ...

Abstract	Parasitoids, as important natural enemies, occur in high numbers and help maintain balance in natural ecosystems. Their fitness is traditionally studied as fertility based on the number of offspring in the F1 generation. Here, using gregarious parasitoids as models, we show that this traditional approach omits one important parameter: the clutch size-body size-fertility correlation among offspring. As a result of this correlation, when females adjust the number of offspring laid in a host, they determine not only the number of offspring produced but also the body size and reproductive potential of those offspring. Although parasitoid fertility has been determined several times from clutch size, here we use Anaphes flavipes to demonstrate the use of this relationship in an upgraded intergenerational approach to parasitoid fitness. We show that with a range of hosts simultaneously utilized by female parasitoids, identical fertility in the F1 generation can lead to distinctly different fertility values in the F2 generation. Even with the same number of hosts, lower fertility in the F1 generation can generate higher fertility in the F2 generation. Our approach provides an intergenerational perspective for determining individual fitness of gregarious parasitoids and new possibilities for the modelling of parasitoid population density.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Clutch Size ; Ecosystem ; Female ; Host-Parasite Interactions ; Reproduction ; Wasps
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-03-25
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2615211-3
ISSN	2045-2322 ; 2045-2322
ISSN (online)	2045-2322
ISSN	2045-2322
DOI	10.1038/s41598-022-09024-z
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Article: Data on Herbivore Performance and Plant Herbivore Damage Identify the Same Plant Traits as the Key Drivers of Plant-Herbivore Interaction.

Münzbergová, Zuzana / Skuhrovec, Jiří

Insects

2020 Volume 11, Issue 12

Abstract: Data on plant herbivore damage as well as on herbivore performance have been previously used to identify key plant traits driving plant-herbivore interactions. The extent to which the two approaches lead to similar conclusions remains to be explored. We ... ...

Abstract	Data on plant herbivore damage as well as on herbivore performance have been previously used to identify key plant traits driving plant-herbivore interactions. The extent to which the two approaches lead to similar conclusions remains to be explored. We determined the effect of a free-living leaf-chewing generalist caterpillar,
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-12-04
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ISSN	2075-4450
ISSN	2075-4450
DOI	10.3390/insects11120865
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Article: Data on Herbivore Performance and Plant Herbivore Damage Identify the Same Plant Traits as the Key Drivers of Plant–Herbivore Interaction

Münzbergová, Zuzana / Skuhrovec, Jiří

Insects. 2020 Dec. 04, v. 11, no. 12

2020

Abstract: Data on plant herbivore damage as well as on herbivore performance have been previously used to identify key plant traits driving plant–herbivore interactions. The extent to which the two approaches lead to similar conclusions remains to be explored. We ... ...

Abstract	Data on plant herbivore damage as well as on herbivore performance have been previously used to identify key plant traits driving plant–herbivore interactions. The extent to which the two approaches lead to similar conclusions remains to be explored. We determined the effect of a free-living leaf-chewing generalist caterpillar, Spodoptera littoralis (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), on leaf damage of 24 closely related plant species from the Carduoideae subfamily and the effect of these plant species on caterpillar growth. We used a wide range of physical defense leaf traits and leaf nutrient contents as the plant traits. Herbivore performance and leaf damage were affected by similar plant traits. Traits related to higher caterpillar mortality (higher leaf dissection, number, length and toughness of spines and lower trichome density) also led to higher leaf damage. This fits with the fact that each caterpillar was feeding on a single plant and, thus, had to consume more biomass of the less suitable plants to obtain the same amount of nutrients. The key plant traits driving plant–herbivore interactions identified based on data on herbivore performance largely corresponded to the traits identified as important based on data on leaf damage. This suggests that both types of data may be used to identify the key plant traits determining plant–herbivore interactions. It is, however, important to carefully distinguish whether the data on leaf damage were obtained in the field or in a controlled feeding experiment, as the patterns expected in the two environments may go in opposite directions.
Keywords	Spodoptera littoralis ; biomass ; density ; herbivores ; insects ; lead ; leaf characteristics ; leaves ; length ; mortality ; nutrient content ; nutrients ; trichomes
Language	English
Dates of publication	2020-1204
Publishing place	Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
Document type	Article
Note	NAL-light
ISSN	2075-4450
DOI	10.3390/insects11120865
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article ; Online: Response of the spring wheat–cereal aphid system to drought: support for the plant vigour hypothesis

Saska, Pavel / Skuhrovec, Jiří / Platková, Hana / Kosová, Klára / Tylová, Edita / Duan, Shuren / Vítámvás, Pavel

J Pest Sci. 2023 Mar., v. 96, no. 2 p.523-537

2023

Abstract: Drought affects both crops and their pests, but the effect of the interaction between drought and pests on crops has not been sufficiently understood. The aim of this work is to determine (i) the response of spring wheat (Triticum aestivum) to three ... ...

Abstract	Drought affects both crops and their pests, but the effect of the interaction between drought and pests on crops has not been sufficiently understood. The aim of this work is to determine (i) the response of spring wheat (Triticum aestivum) to three watering regimes (soil water capacity of 70, 50 and 40%) and aphid (Metopolophium dirhodum) infestation, and (ii) how drought affect aphid population growth. Seedlings of one drought-susceptible (Quintus) and one drought-tolerant (Septima) cultivar were used, and changes in leaf structural and morphophysiological traits were measured. The age-stage, two-sex life table approach was used to determine aphid population growth. The plant stress and plant vigour hypotheses in this system were tested by analysing correlations between leaf traits and aphid life table parameters. Drought stress negatively affected parameters related to plant vigour (reduced biomass, decrease in [Formula: see text] and increased resource allocation in structural defence trichomes) regardless of the stress tolerance of the cultivar, although the level of stress was generally greater in Quintus than in Septima. Plants perceived the stress caused by the aphids as significant only under high drought stress, as the physiological response of increasing growth and osmolyte accumulation was triggered under these conditions. This response also benefited the aphids; hence, the population growth of the aphids was most severely affected under moderate drought stress. The reproductive rate was negatively affected by trichome density and positively affected by leaf biomass and [Formula: see text]; these findings provide support for the plant vigour hypothesis for the spring wheat seedling–rose-grain aphid study system.
Keywords	Metopolophium dirhodum ; Triticum aestivum ; biomass ; cultivars ; drought ; drought tolerance ; leaves ; life tables ; pests ; physiological response ; plant stress ; population growth ; resource allocation ; soil water ; spring ; spring wheat ; stress tolerance ; trichomes ; vigor ; water stress
Language	English
Dates of publication	2023-03
Size	p. 523-537.
Publishing place	Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Document type	Article ; Online
ZDB-ID	2141662-X
ISSN	1612-4766 ; 1439-0280 ; 1612-4758
ISSN (online)	1612-4766 ; 1439-0280
ISSN	1612-4758
DOI	10.1007/s10340-022-01514-3
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

In stock of ZB MED Bonn / Germany

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Article: Description of immature stages of

Skuhrovec, Jiří / Gosik, Rafał / Caldara, Roberto / Toševski, Ivo / Batyra, Aleksandra

ZooKeys

2022 Volume 1090, Page(s) 45–84

Abstract: The immature stages of the following five ... ...

Abstract	The immature stages of the following five Palaearctic
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-03-23
Publishing country	Bulgaria
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	2445640-8
ISSN	1313-2970 ; 1313-2989
ISSN (online)	1313-2970
ISSN	1313-2989
DOI	10.3897/zookeys.1090.78741
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Article ; Online: Attraction or Repelling Effects of Commercial Plant Essential Oils on the Synanthropic Cheiracanthium mildei (Araneae: Cheiracanthiidae).

Gloríková, Nela / Skuhrovec, Jiří / Nový, Pavel / Klouček, Pavel / Řezáč, Milan

Journal of economic entomology

2022 Volume 115, Issue 5, Page(s) 1472–1479

Abstract: The northern yellow sac spider Cheiracanthium mildei L. Koch, is expanding its range to Central Europe, especially to synanthropic habitats. The spiders become unwanted companions because of the unreasonable fear - arachnophobia, and estetic reason - ... ...

Abstract	The northern yellow sac spider Cheiracanthium mildei L. Koch, is expanding its range to Central Europe, especially to synanthropic habitats. The spiders become unwanted companions because of the unreasonable fear - arachnophobia, and estetic reason - silk retreats in corners, capturing dust. The most commonly used substances against spiders are pesticides, which are, however, toxic. In our work we tested the attraction or repellence of 15 essential oils (EO) from plants representing eight families to C. mildei. Our research has shown a significant repellent effect of EO from three plants, namely Syzygium aromaticum (L.) Merr. et L. M. Perry (Myrtales: Myrtaceae), Ananas comosus (L.) Merr. (Poales: Bromeliaceae) and Musa sp. (L.) (Zingiberales: Musaceae). In contrast, some EOs appeared to have an attraction effect, particularly Carum carvi L. (Apiales: Apiaceae). Zingiber officinale Roscoe (Zingiberales: Zingiberaceae) reduced the tendency of spiders to construct the silken retreat. S. aromaticum, A. sativus, Musa sp. and Z. officinale have the potential to be used as natural repellents against spiders.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Dust ; Insect Repellents/pharmacology ; Musa ; Oils, Volatile/pharmacology ; Phobic Disorders ; Plant Oils/pharmacology ; Plants ; Silk ; Spiders
Chemical Substances	Dust ; Insect Repellents ; Oils, Volatile ; Plant Oils ; Silk
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-06-08
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	3031-4
ISSN	1938-291X ; 0022-0493
ISSN (online)	1938-291X
ISSN	0022-0493
DOI	10.1093/jee/toac086
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Article ; Online: Two new genera of Trachyphloeini with a key to the genera of small terricolous South African Trachyphloeini and Embrithini (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Entiminae).

Borovec, Roman / Skuhrovec, Jiří

Zootaxa

2019 Volume 4695, Issue 5, Page(s) zootaxa.4695.5.3

Abstract: Two new genera, Barclayanthus Borovec Skuhrovec, gen. nov. and Janakius Borovec Skuhrovec, gen. nov., assigned to the tribe Trachyphloeini Lacordaire, 1863, are described for three South African species of weevil: Barclayanthus micros Borovec Skuhrovec, ...

Abstract	Two new genera, Barclayanthus Borovec Skuhrovec, gen. nov. and Janakius Borovec Skuhrovec, gen. nov., assigned to the tribe Trachyphloeini Lacordaire, 1863, are described for three South African species of weevil: Barclayanthus micros Borovec Skuhrovec, sp. nov., B. cooteri Borovec Skuhrovec, sp. nov. and Janakius sylvaticus Borovec Skuhrovec, sp. nov. All species are illustrated and keyed. The taxonomic status of each of the new genera is discussed, and compared with similar genera of Trachyphloeini and Embrithini Marshall, 1942. A key to known small terricolous South African genera of both Trachyphloeini and Embrithini is included.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Coleoptera ; Weevils
Language	English
Publishing date	2019-11-12
Publishing country	New Zealand
Document type	Journal Article
ISSN	1175-5334
ISSN (online)	1175-5334
DOI	10.11646/zootaxa.4695.5.3
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Article ; Online: A taxonomic study of the South African terricolous weevil genus Pentatrachyphloeus Voss (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Entiminae: Trachyphloeini).

Borovec, Roman / Skuhrovec, Jiří

Zootaxa

2019 Volume 4574, Issue 1, Page(s) zootaxa.4574.1.1

Abstract: The genus Pentatrachyphloeus Voss, 1974, with two known species, is redefined and compared with related genera. An additional thirty seven new species are described here: P. andersoni sp. nov. (South Africa, Mpumalanga); P. baumi sp. nov. (South Africa, ... ...

Abstract	The genus Pentatrachyphloeus Voss, 1974, with two known species, is redefined and compared with related genera. An additional thirty seven new species are described here: P. andersoni sp. nov. (South Africa, Mpumalanga); P. baumi sp. nov. (South Africa, Gauteng); P. brevithorax sp. nov. (South Africa, KwaZulu-Natal); P. bufo sp. nov. (South Africa, Mpumalanga); P. endroedyi sp. nov. (South Africa, Mpumalanga); P. exiguus sp. nov. (South Africa, Mpumalanga); P. frici sp. nov. (South Africa, Limpopo); P. grobbelaarae sp. nov. (South Africa, KwaZulu-Natal); P. hanzelkai sp. nov. (South Africa, KwaZulu-Natal); P. holubi sp. nov. (South Africa, Mpumalanga); P. howdenae sp. nov. (South Africa, Mpumalanga); P. hystrix sp. nov. (South Africa, Mpumalanga); P. insignicornis sp. nov. (South Africa, KwaZulu-Natal); P. kalalovae sp. nov. (South Africa, Gauteng); P. kuscheli sp. nov. (South Africa, KwaZulu-Natal); P. laevis sp. nov. (South Africa, Mpumalanga); P. lajumensis sp. nov. (South Africa, Limpopo); P. leleupi sp. nov. (Zimbabwe, Manica); P. lesothoensis sp. nov. (Lesotho, Qacha's Nek); P. machulkai sp. nov. (South Africa, Free State); P. marshalli sp. nov. (South Africa, KwaZulu-Natal); P. muellerae sp. nov. (South Africa, Mpumalanga); P. musili sp. nov. (South Africa, Limpopo); P. ntinini sp. nov. (South Africa, KwaZulu-Natal); P. oberprieleri sp. nov. (South Africa, Gauteng, North West); P. pavlicai sp. nov. (South Africa, Free State); P. rudyardi sp. nov. (South Africa, Limpopo); P. schoemani sp. nov. (South Africa, Limpopo); P. soutpansbergensis sp. nov. (South Africa, Limpopo); P. spinimanus sp. nov. (South Africa, Mpumalanga); P. stingli sp. nov. (South Africa, Limpopo); P. tenuicollis sp. nov. (South Africa, Mpumalanga); P. tuberculatus sp. nov. (South Africa, Mpumalanga); P. vavrai sp. nov. (South Africa, Eastern Cape); P. vossi sp. nov. (South Africa, Mpumalanga); P. vrazi sp. nov. (South Africa, Limpopo) and P. zikmundi sp. nov. (South Africa, Free State). All of the species are keyed and illustrated; ecological information is presented only where available. All species seem to be very localised, being known only from one or only a very limited number of localities. Immature stages or host plants are not known for any of the species. The species are distributed as follows: South Africa: Mpumalanga (13), Limpopo (8), KwaZulu-Natal (7), Free State (3), Gauteng (3), Eastern Cape (3), North West (1); Lesotho: Qacha's Nek (1) and Zimbabwe: Manica (1).
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Coleoptera ; Ecology ; South Africa ; Weevils ; Zimbabwe
Language	English
Publishing date	2019-03-29
Publishing country	New Zealand
Document type	Journal Article
ISSN	1175-5334
ISSN (online)	1175-5334
DOI	10.11646/zootaxa.4574.1.1
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article ; Online: Effect of host switching simulation on the fitness of the gregarious parasitoid Anaphes flavipes from a novel two-generation approach.

Samková, Alena / Raška, Jan / Hadrava, Jiří / Skuhrovec, Jiří

Scientific reports

2021 Volume 11, Issue 1, Page(s) 19473

Abstract: Herbivorous insects can escape the strong pressure of parasitoids by switching to feeding on new host plants. Parasitoids can adapt to this change but at the cost of changing their preferences and performance. For gregarious parasitoids, fitness changes ... ...

Abstract	Herbivorous insects can escape the strong pressure of parasitoids by switching to feeding on new host plants. Parasitoids can adapt to this change but at the cost of changing their preferences and performance. For gregarious parasitoids, fitness changes are not always observable in the F1 generation but only in the F2 generation. Here, with the model species and gregarious parasitoid Anaphes flavipes, we examined fitness changes in the F1 generation under pressure from the simulation of host switching, and by a new two-generation approach, we determined the impact of these changes on fitness in the F2 generation. We showed that the parasitoid preference for host plants depends on hatched or oviposited learning in relation to the possibility of parasitoid decisions between different host plants. Interestingly, we showed that after simulation of parasitoids following host switching, in the new environment of a fictitious host plant, parasitoids reduced the fictitious host. At the same time, parasitoids also reduced fertility because in fictitious hosts, they are not able to complete larval development. However, from a two-generation approach, the distribution of parasitoid offspring into both native and fictitious hosts caused lower parasitoid clutch size in native hosts and higher individual offspring fertility in the F2 generation.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Genetic Fitness ; Herbivory ; Host-Parasite Interactions ; Insecta ; Plants/parasitology
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-09-30
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2615211-3
ISSN	2045-2322 ; 2045-2322
ISSN (online)	2045-2322
ISSN	2045-2322
DOI	10.1038/s41598-021-98393-y
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