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  1. Article ; Online: Delay discounting and family history of psychopathology in children ages 9-11.

    Sloan, Matthew E / Sanches, Marcos / Tanabe, Jody / Gowin, Joshua L

    Scientific reports

    2023  Volume 13, Issue 1, Page(s) 21977

    Abstract: Delay discounting is a tendency to devalue delayed rewards compared to immediate rewards. Evidence suggests that steeper delay discounting is associated with psychiatric disorders across diagnostic categories, but it is unclear whether steeper delay ... ...

    Abstract Delay discounting is a tendency to devalue delayed rewards compared to immediate rewards. Evidence suggests that steeper delay discounting is associated with psychiatric disorders across diagnostic categories, but it is unclear whether steeper delay discounting is a risk factor for these disorders. We examined whether children at higher risk for psychiatric disorders, based on family history, would demonstrate steeper delay discounting behavior using data from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) study, a nationally representative sample of 11,878 children. We looked at associations between delay discounting behavior and family history of alcohol problems, drug problems, depression, mania, schizophrenia, and suicidal behavior. Correlations between family history of psychopathology and delay discounting behavior were small, ranging from ρ = - 0.02 to 0.04. In mixed effects models controlled for sociodemographic factors, family history of psychopathology was not associated with steeper delay discounting behavior. Sociodemographic factors played a larger role in predicting delay discounting behavior than family history of psychopathology. These results do not support the hypothesis that children with greater risk for psychopathology display steeper delay discounting behavior.
    MeSH term(s) Child ; Adolescent ; Humans ; Delay Discounting ; Psychopathology ; Reward ; Mental Disorders/diagnosis ; Mental Disorders/psychology ; Schizophrenia
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-12-11
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2615211-3
    ISSN 2045-2322 ; 2045-2322
    ISSN (online) 2045-2322
    ISSN 2045-2322
    DOI 10.1038/s41598-023-49148-4
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  2. Article ; Online: Rethinking Substance Use as Social History: Charting a Way Forward.

    Bozinoff, Nikki / Kleinman, Robert A / Sloan, Matthew E / Kennedy, Mary Clare / Nolan, Seonaid / Selby, Peter / Kalocsai, Csilla / Wood, Evan

    Journal of general internal medicine

    2024  

    Abstract: Physicians have traditionally asked about substance use within the Social History section of the consultation note. Drawing on social science theory and using the authors' own experiences as generalists and addiction scholars, we consider the possible ... ...

    Abstract Physicians have traditionally asked about substance use within the Social History section of the consultation note. Drawing on social science theory and using the authors' own experiences as generalists and addiction scholars, we consider the possible unintended harms associated with this approach. The inclusion of the substance use history within the Social History reproduces the discourse of substance use disorders as "life-style choices" rather than medical conditions, and reinforces stigma among healthcare workers through the attribution of personal responsibility for complications associated with problematic substance use. The ongoing placement of the substance use history within the Social History may lead to a failure to diagnose and make appropriate management plans for clients with substance use disorders. These missed opportunities may include inadequate withdrawal management leading to discharge before medically advised, insufficient use of evidence-based pharmacotherapy and psychotherapy, polypharmacy, medical complications, and repeated admissions to hospital. We argue instead that the Substance Use History should be a stand-alone section within the consultation note. This new section would reduce the invisibility of substance use disorders within our medical systems and model that these chronic medical conditions are amenable to prevention, treatment and harm reduction through the application of evidence-based practices.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-01-29
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Editorial
    ZDB-ID 639008-0
    ISSN 1525-1497 ; 0884-8734
    ISSN (online) 1525-1497
    ISSN 0884-8734
    DOI 10.1007/s11606-024-08642-9
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  3. Article: Neuromodulation for Cannabis Use: A Scoping Review.

    Ngoy, Anthony / Tang, Victor M / Xiao, Kebin / Blumberger, Daniel M / George, Tony P / Gowin, Joshua L / Le Foll, Bernard / Sloan, Matthew E

    Brain sciences

    2024  Volume 14, Issue 4

    Abstract: This scoping review explores the use of neuromodulation techniques in individuals with cannabis use. Our goal was to determine whether cannabis use alters cortical excitation and inhibition in the context of neuromodulation and to determine whether ... ...

    Abstract This scoping review explores the use of neuromodulation techniques in individuals with cannabis use. Our goal was to determine whether cannabis use alters cortical excitation and inhibition in the context of neuromodulation and to determine whether neuromodulation affects craving and cannabis use patterns. A systematic search was conducted using PubMed, OVID Medline, and PsycINFO from inception to 20 December 2022. Our review identified ten relevant studies, eight of which used Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (TMS), while two employed Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation (tDCS). Findings from TMS studies suggest that cannabis users exhibit altered cortical inhibition, with decreased short interval intracortical inhibition (SICI) compared to non-users. Single sessions of rTMS did not have any impact on cannabis craving. By contrast, two studies found that multiple sessions of rTMS reduced cannabis use, but these changes did not meet the threshold for statistical significance and both studies were limited by small sample sizes. The two included tDCS studies found contradictory results, with one showing reduced cannabis craving with active treatment and another showing no effect of active treatment on craving compared to sham. Future studies should further explore the effects of multiple treatment sessions and different neuromodulation modalities.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-04-02
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 2651993-8
    ISSN 2076-3425
    ISSN 2076-3425
    DOI 10.3390/brainsci14040356
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  4. Article ; Online: Emotion regulation in substance use disorders: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

    Stellern, Jordan / Xiao, Ke Bin / Grennell, Erin / Sanches, Marcos / Gowin, Joshua L / Sloan, Matthew E

    Addiction (Abingdon, England)

    2022  Volume 118, Issue 1, Page(s) 30–47

    Abstract: Background and aims: The ability to regulate emotions effectively has been associated with resilience to psychopathology. Individuals with substance use disorders (SUDs) have been shown to have higher levels of negative emotionality, with some evidence ... ...

    Abstract Background and aims: The ability to regulate emotions effectively has been associated with resilience to psychopathology. Individuals with substance use disorders (SUDs) have been shown to have higher levels of negative emotionality, with some evidence suggesting impairment in emotion regulation compared with individuals without SUDs. However, no previous attempt has been made to systematically review the literature to assess the magnitude of this difference. We aimed to assess the association between SUD diagnosis and emotion regulation as measured by the Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale (DERS) and Emotion Regulation Questionnaire (ERQ) through a systematic review and meta-analysis of existing findings.
    Methods: The systematic review was conducted using PubMed, PsycINFO and Embase. We examined cross-sectional studies that compared a SUD group with a control group and measured emotion regulation using the DERS or the ERQ. The primary analysis focused on papers using the DERS, as this was the predominant instrument in the literature.
    Results: Twenty-two studies met our primary analysis criteria, representing 1936 individuals with a SUD and 1567 controls. Individuals with SUDs relative to controls had significantly greater DERS scores, with a mean difference of 21.44 [95% confidence interval (CI) = 16.49-26.40, P < 0.001] and Hedges' g = 1.05 (95% CI = 0.86-1.24, P < 0.001). The difference was robust, remaining significant after removing outliers and studies with high risk of bias. Individuals with SUDs demonstrated poorer emotion regulation on each subscale of the DERS, with the largest deficits in the Strategies and Impulse subscales. The ERQ analysis revealed greater use of expressive suppression in those with SUDs relative to controls (Hedges' g = 0.76, 95% CI = 0.25-1.28, P = 0.004).
    Conclusions: People with substance use disorders appear to have greater difficulties in emotion regulation than people without substance use disorders.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Emotional Regulation ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Substance-Related Disorders/psychology ; Emotions/physiology ; Surveys and Questionnaires
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-08-11
    Publishing country England
    Document type Meta-Analysis ; Systematic Review ; Journal Article ; Review ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 1141051-6
    ISSN 1360-0443 ; 0965-2140
    ISSN (online) 1360-0443
    ISSN 0965-2140
    DOI 10.1111/add.16001
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  5. Article ; Online: Cannabis self-administration in the human laboratory: a scoping review of ad libitum studies.

    Xiao, Ke Bin / Grennell, Erin / Ngoy, Anthony / George, Tony P / Le Foll, Bernard / Hendershot, Christian S / Sloan, Matthew E

    Psychopharmacology

    2023  Volume 240, Issue 7, Page(s) 1393–1415

    Abstract: Cannabis self-administration studies may be helpful for identifying factors that influence cannabis consumption and subjective response to cannabis. Additionally, these paradigms could be useful for testing novel pharmacotherapies for cannabis use ... ...

    Abstract Cannabis self-administration studies may be helpful for identifying factors that influence cannabis consumption and subjective response to cannabis. Additionally, these paradigms could be useful for testing novel pharmacotherapies for cannabis use disorder. This scoping review aims to summarize the findings from existing ad libitum cannabis self-administration studies to determine what has been learned from these studies as well as their limitations. We examined studies that specifically examined cannabis smoking, focusing on subjective response and self-administration behavior (e.g., smoking topography). A systematic search was conducted using PubMed and Embase from inception to October 22, 2022. Our search strategy identified 26 studies (total N = 662, 79% male) that met our eligibility criteria. We found that tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) concentration significantly affected subjective response to cannabis in some but not all studies. In general, cannabis self-administration tended to be most intense at the beginning of the laboratory session and decreased in later parts of the session. There was limited data on cannabis self-administration in adults older than 55. Data on external validity and test-retest reliability were also limited. Addressing these limitations in future ad libitum cannabis self-administration studies could lead to more valid and generalizable paradigms, which in turn could be used to improve our understanding of cannabis use patterns and to help guide medication development for cannabis use disorder.
    MeSH term(s) Female ; Humans ; Male ; Cannabinoid Receptor Agonists ; Cannabis ; Dronabinol/pharmacology ; Dronabinol/therapeutic use ; Hallucinogens/therapeutic use ; Marijuana Abuse/drug therapy ; Marijuana Smoking ; Reproducibility of Results
    Chemical Substances Cannabinoid Receptor Agonists ; Dronabinol (7J8897W37S) ; Hallucinogens
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-05-09
    Publishing country Germany
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 130601-7
    ISSN 1432-2072 ; 0033-3158
    ISSN (online) 1432-2072
    ISSN 0033-3158
    DOI 10.1007/s00213-023-06360-4
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  6. Article ; Online: Identifying clinical predictors of response to repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation for smoking cessation: Secondary analysis of a multicenter RCT.

    Tang, Victor M / Zawertailo, Laurie / Selby, Peter / Zangen, Abraham / Mehta, Dhvani / George, Tony P / Le Foll, Bernard / Gicas, Kristina M / Sloan, Matthew E / Veldhuizen, Scott

    Brain stimulation

    2024  Volume 17, Issue 1, Page(s) 137–139

    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Smoking Cessation ; Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation ; Treatment Outcome ; Multicenter Studies as Topic ; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-02-01
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Letter
    ZDB-ID 2394410-9
    ISSN 1876-4754 ; 1935-861X
    ISSN (online) 1876-4754
    ISSN 1935-861X
    DOI 10.1016/j.brs.2024.01.008
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  7. Article ; Online: Alcohol Use Disorder and Chronic Pain: An Overlooked Epidemic.

    De Aquino, Joao P / Sloan, Matthew E / Nunes, Julio C / Costa, Gabriel P A / Katz, Jasmin L / de Oliveira, Debora / Ra, Jocelyn / Tang, Victor M / Petrakis, Ismene L

    The American journal of psychiatry

    2024  Volume 181, Issue 5, Page(s) 391–402

    Abstract: Alcohol use disorder (AUD) and chronic pain disorders are pervasive, multifaceted medical conditions that often co-occur. However, their comorbidity is often overlooked, despite its prevalence and clinical relevance. Individuals with AUD are more likely ... ...

    Abstract Alcohol use disorder (AUD) and chronic pain disorders are pervasive, multifaceted medical conditions that often co-occur. However, their comorbidity is often overlooked, despite its prevalence and clinical relevance. Individuals with AUD are more likely to experience chronic pain than the general population. Conversely, individuals with chronic pain commonly alleviate their pain with alcohol, which may escalate into AUD. This narrative review discusses the intricate relationship between AUD and chronic pain. Based on the literature available, the authors present a theoretical model explaining the reciprocal relationship between AUD and chronic pain across alcohol intoxication and withdrawal. They propose that the use of alcohol for analgesia rapidly gives way to acute tolerance, triggering the need for higher levels of alcohol consumption. Attempts at abstinence lead to alcohol withdrawal syndrome and hyperalgesia, increasing the risk of relapse. Chronic neurobiological changes lead to preoccupation with pain and cravings for alcohol, further entrenching both conditions. To stimulate research in this area, the authors review methodologies to improve the assessment of pain in AUD studies, including self-report and psychophysical methods. Further, they discuss pharmacotherapies and psychotherapies that may target both conditions, potentially improving both AUD and chronic pain outcomes simultaneously. Finally, the authors emphasize the need to manage both conditions concurrently, and encourage both the scientific community and clinicians to ensure that these intertwined conditions are not overlooked given their clinical significance.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Chronic Pain/epidemiology ; Alcoholism/epidemiology ; Comorbidity ; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome/epidemiology
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-05-06
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Review ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
    ZDB-ID 280045-7
    ISSN 1535-7228 ; 0002-953X
    ISSN (online) 1535-7228
    ISSN 0002-953X
    DOI 10.1176/appi.ajp.20230886
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  8. Article ; Online: The effects of acute alcohol administration on circulating endocannabinoid levels in humans.

    Sloan, Matthew E / Grant, Caroline W / Stangl, Bethany L / Klepp, Timothy D / Brewton, Honoree W / Cinar, Resat / Kunos, George / Ramchandani, Vijay A

    Addiction biology

    2022  Volume 27, Issue 5, Page(s) e13197

    Abstract: Several lines of evidence suggest that endocannabinoid signalling may influence alcohol consumption. Preclinical studies have found that pharmacological blockade of cannabinoid receptor 1 leads to reductions in alcohol intake. Furthermore, variations in ... ...

    Abstract Several lines of evidence suggest that endocannabinoid signalling may influence alcohol consumption. Preclinical studies have found that pharmacological blockade of cannabinoid receptor 1 leads to reductions in alcohol intake. Furthermore, variations in endocannabinoid metabolism between individuals may be associated with the presence and severity of alcohol use disorder. However, little is known about the acute effects of alcohol on the endocannabinoid system in humans. In this study, we evaluated the effect of acute alcohol administration on circulating endocannabinoid levels by analysing data from two highly-controlled alcohol administration experiments. In the first within-subjects experiment, 47 healthy participants were randomized to receive alcohol and placebo in a counterbalanced order. Alcohol was administered using an intravenous clamping procedure such that each participant attained a nearly identical breath alcohol concentration of 0.05%, maintained over 3 h. In the second experiment, 23 healthy participants self-administered alcohol intravenously; participants had control over their exposure throughout the paradigm. In both experiments, circulating concentrations of two endocannabinoids, N-arachidonoylethanolamine (AEA) and 2-arachidonoylglycerol (2-AG), were measured at baseline and following alcohol exposure. During the intravenous clamping procedure, acute alcohol administration reduced circulating AEA but not 2-AG levels when compared to placebo. This finding was confirmed in the self-administration paradigm, where alcohol reduced AEA levels in an exposure-dependent manner. Future studies should seek to determine whether alcohol administration has similar effects on brain endocannabinoid signalling. An improved understanding of the bidirectional relationship between endocannabinoid signalling and alcohol intake may deepen our understanding of the aetiology and repercussions of alcohol use disorder.
    MeSH term(s) Alcohol Drinking ; Alcoholism/metabolism ; Endocannabinoids/metabolism ; Ethanol/pharmacology ; Humans
    Chemical Substances Endocannabinoids ; Ethanol (3K9958V90M)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-08-23
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Randomized Controlled Trial ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, N.I.H., Intramural
    ZDB-ID 1324314-7
    ISSN 1369-1600 ; 1355-6215
    ISSN (online) 1369-1600
    ISSN 1355-6215
    DOI 10.1111/adb.13197
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    Zs.A 4586: Show issues Location:
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  9. Article ; Online: Treatment outcomes in major depressive disorder in patients with comorbid alcohol use disorder: A STAR*D analysis.

    Tang, Victor M / Yu, Dengdeng / Weissman, Cory R / Jones, Brett D M / Wang, Guan / Sloan, Matthew E / Blumberger, Daniel M / Daskalakis, Zafiris J / Le Foll, Bernard / Voineskos, Daphne

    Journal of affective disorders

    2023  Volume 339, Page(s) 691–697

    Abstract: Introduction: Guidance on Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) treatment in those with comorbid Alcohol Use Disorder (AUD) is limited. We performed a secondary analysis on the Sequenced Treatment Alternatives to Relieve Depression (STAR*D) study, examining ... ...

    Abstract Introduction: Guidance on Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) treatment in those with comorbid Alcohol Use Disorder (AUD) is limited. We performed a secondary analysis on the Sequenced Treatment Alternatives to Relieve Depression (STAR*D) study, examining the association between comorbid AUD and depression outcomes.
    Methods: STAR*D was a real-world effectiveness trial starting with citalopram in level 1. Non-responding participants progressed through 3 other sequential treatment levels with different switch or augmentation options. Antidepressant outcomes were compared between MDD (n = 2826) and comorbid MDD and AUD (n = 864). Logistic regressions were performed to evaluate remission and response predictors in the total STAR*D sample and the AUD-comorbidity interaction.
    Results: Chi-squared tests showed no significant difference in response or remission rates from depression between groups across treatment levels. Higher Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression (HRSD) score was associated with overall lower odds of remission in treatment level 1 (OR = 0.93, p < 0.001) and 2 (OR = 0.95, p < 0.001), with no significant interaction with comorbid AUD. Higher baseline suicidality had overall lower odds of remission in level 1 (OR = 0.82, p < 0.001) and 2 (OR = 0.1, p < 0.001), but with comorbid AUD compared to no AUD, suicidality increased odds of level 1 remission (OR = 1.30, p = 0.012). In comorbid AUD in level 2, venlafaxine was associated with lower odds of remission (OR = 0.13, p = 0.013) and response (OR = 0.12, p = 0.006); bupropion with lower odds of response (OR = 0.22, p = 0.024).
    Limitations: Open label study design and lack of alcohol use data.
    Conclusions: Comorbid AUD may interact with predictors of antidepressant response in MDD and using venlafaxine or bupropion may be less effective. Addressing this comorbidity requires unique assessment and treatment approaches.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Depressive Disorder, Major/drug therapy ; Depressive Disorder, Major/epidemiology ; Venlafaxine Hydrochloride/therapeutic use ; Alcoholism/epidemiology ; Bupropion/therapeutic use ; Antidepressive Agents/therapeutic use ; Treatment Outcome ; Comorbidity
    Chemical Substances Venlafaxine Hydrochloride (7D7RX5A8MO) ; Bupropion (01ZG3TPX31) ; Antidepressive Agents
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-07-17
    Publishing country Netherlands
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 135449-8
    ISSN 1573-2517 ; 0165-0327
    ISSN (online) 1573-2517
    ISSN 0165-0327
    DOI 10.1016/j.jad.2023.07.049
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    Zs.A 1485: Show issues Location:
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  10. Article ; Online: Opioid receptor antagonism and neural response to monetary rewards: Pilot studies in light and heavy alcohol users.

    Gowin, Joshua L / Sloan, Matthew E / Kirk-Provencher, Katelyn T / Rosenblatt, Sophie L / Penner, Anne E / Stangl, Bethany L / Byrd, Nia D / Swan, Julia E / Ramchandani, Vijay A

    Journal of psychopharmacology (Oxford, England)

    2023  Volume 37, Issue 9, Page(s) 937–941

    Abstract: Alcohol use disorder (AUD) is a prevalent condition associated with high degree of comorbidity and mortality. Among the few approved pharmacotherapies for AUD, two involve opioid receptor antagonism. Naltrexone and nalmefene are thought to act via opioid ...

    Abstract Alcohol use disorder (AUD) is a prevalent condition associated with high degree of comorbidity and mortality. Among the few approved pharmacotherapies for AUD, two involve opioid receptor antagonism. Naltrexone and nalmefene are thought to act via opioid receptor blockage to reduce neural response to alcohol and drug-associated cues and consumption, but there have been limited efforts to characterize these effects in humans. In these studies, we sought to test the magnitude of opioid antagonism effects on neural response to monetary rewards in two groups: light drinkers (for the naltrexone study) and heavy drinkers (for the nalmefene study). We conducted double-blind, randomized, crossover pilot studies of reward activation in the brain following acute administration of opioid antagonist and placebo in 11 light and 9 heavy alcohol users. We used a monetary incentive delay task during functional MRI. We found a main effect of cue type on BOLD activation in the nucleus accumbens, demonstrating a neural reward response. The effect of opioid antagonism, relative to placebo, was small and nonsignificant for reward activation in the accumbens for both light and heavy alcohol users. Based on the results of two pilot studies, opioid antagonist medications do not appear to decrease neural activation to monetary rewards in the nucleus accumbens relative to placebo.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Alcoholism/drug therapy ; Analgesics, Opioid/pharmacology ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging/methods ; Naltrexone/pharmacology ; Narcotic Antagonists/pharmacology ; Pilot Projects ; Receptors, Opioid/drug effects ; Reward
    Chemical Substances Analgesics, Opioid ; Naltrexone (5S6W795CQM) ; Narcotic Antagonists ; Receptors, Opioid
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-08-02
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Randomized Controlled Trial ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, N.I.H., Intramural
    ZDB-ID 639313-5
    ISSN 1461-7285 ; 0269-8811
    ISSN (online) 1461-7285
    ISSN 0269-8811
    DOI 10.1177/02698811231191707
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