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Article ; Online: Why do children comply with parental restrictions in the personal domain?

Zeyrek, Fatma Betül / Smetana, Judith

Journal of experimental child psychology

2023 Volume 235, Page(s) 105737

Abstract: Numerous studies have shown that children judge some issues as personal and up to them to decide, yet they often comply with parental restrictions regarding these choices. The current study investigated children's judgments and justifications in response ...

Abstract	Numerous studies have shown that children judge some issues as personal and up to them to decide, yet they often comply with parental restrictions regarding these choices. The current study investigated children's judgments and justifications in response to stories where hypothetical mothers prohibited children's personal choices. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 123 U.S. children (56 male) ranging from 5 to 9 years of age (M = 6.80 years). Responses were examined as a function of age, type of domain explanation, and whether punishment was specified or not. Across ages, and when presented initially without a prohibition, children judged personal activities as acceptable and wrong for the hypothetical mother to prohibit, based mainly on personal reasons. However, when mothers were described as giving prudential or social-conventional explanations for restricting children's choices, most children reported that the actor should comply regardless of domain condition. Children rated prudential explanations as more acceptable than conventional explanations, provided mostly domain-consistent justifications for their judgments, and attributed more negative emotions to being unable to pursue personal choices in the conventional condition than in the prudential condition. In addition, justifications but not judgments varied by punishment condition in interaction with maternal explanation domain. Children also believed that they themselves should comply with maternal prohibitions more than the hypothetical story actor should. Thus, although prototypical issues were viewed as personal, children across middle childhood thought that children should and would comply when mothers provide explanations for maternal prohibitions and more so for prudential explanations than for conventional explanations.
MeSH term(s)	Female ; Humans ; Child ; Male ; Mothers/psychology ; Mother-Child Relations
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-07-07
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	218137-x
ISSN	1096-0457 ; 0022-0965
ISSN (online)	1096-0457
ISSN	0022-0965
DOI	10.1016/j.jecp.2023.105737
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Article: Carriage of Neisseria meningitidis in newly enlisted young military professionals during the COVID-19 pandemic

Siráková, L / Hanovcová, I / Smetana, J / Malíková, M / Chlíbek, R

Epidemiologie, mikrobiologie, imunologie : casopis Spolecnosti pro epidemiologii a mikrobiologii Ceske lekarske spolecnosti J.E. Purkyne

2023 Volume 71, Issue 4, Page(s) 183–189

Title translation	sičstv eisseria eigitidis u astupucch adch vesch prfesiů v bdb padeie ecě cvid19.
MeSH term(s)	Carrier State ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Meningococcal Infections ; Neisseria meningitidis ; Prevalence ; Humans
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-01-21
Publishing country	Czech Republic
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1188216-5
ISSN	1805-451X ; 1210-7913 ; 0009-0522
ISSN (online)	1805-451X
ISSN	1210-7913 ; 0009-0522
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Article ; Online: A High-Finesse Suspended Interferometric Sensor for Macroscopic Quantum Mechanics with Femtometre Sensitivity.

Smetana, Jiri / Yan, Tianliang / Boyer, Vincent / Martynov, Denis

Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)

2024 Volume 24, Issue 7

Abstract: We present an interferometric sensor for investigating macroscopic quantum mechanics on a table-top scale. The sensor consists of a pair of suspended optical cavities with finesse over 350,000 comprising 10 g fused silica mirrors. The interferometer is ... ...

Abstract	We present an interferometric sensor for investigating macroscopic quantum mechanics on a table-top scale. The sensor consists of a pair of suspended optical cavities with finesse over 350,000 comprising 10 g fused silica mirrors. The interferometer is suspended by a four-stage, light, in-vacuum suspension with three common stages, which allows for us to suppress common-mode motion at low frequency. The seismic noise is further suppressed by an active isolation scheme, which reduces the input motion to the suspension point by up to an order of magnitude starting from 0.7 Hz. In the current room-temperature operation, we achieve a peak sensitivity of 0.5 fm/Hz in the acoustic frequency band, limited by a combination of readout noise and suspension thermal noise. Additional improvements of the readout electronics and suspension parameters will enable us to reach the quantum radiation pressure noise. Such a sensor can eventually be utilized for demonstrating macroscopic entanglement and for testing semi-classical and quantum gravity models.
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-04-08
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2052857-7
ISSN	1424-8220 ; 1424-8220
ISSN (online)	1424-8220
ISSN	1424-8220
DOI	10.3390/s24072375
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Article ; Online: National Genome Initiatives in Europe and the United Kingdom in the Era of Whole-Genome Sequencing: A Comprehensive Review.

Smetana, Jan / Brož, Petr

Genes

2022 Volume 13, Issue 3

Abstract: Identification of genomic variability in population plays an important role in the clinical diagnostics of human genetic diseases. Thanks to rapid technological development in the field of massive parallel sequencing technologies, also known as next- ... ...

Abstract	Identification of genomic variability in population plays an important role in the clinical diagnostics of human genetic diseases. Thanks to rapid technological development in the field of massive parallel sequencing technologies, also known as next-generation sequencing (NGS), complex genomic analyses are now easier and cheaper than ever before, which consequently leads to more effective utilization of these techniques in clinical practice. However, interpretation of data from NGS is still challenging due to several issues caused by natural variability of DNA sequences in human populations. Therefore, development and realization of projects focused on description of genetic variability of local population (often called "national or digital genome") with a NGS technique is one of the best approaches to address this problem. The next step of the process is to share such data via publicly available databases. Such databases are important for the interpretation of variants with unknown significance or (likely) pathogenic variants in rare diseases or cancer or generally for identification of pathological variants in a patient's genome. In this paper, we have compiled an overview of published results of local genome sequencing projects from United Kingdom and Europe together with future plans and perspectives for newly announced ones.
MeSH term(s)	Genomics/methods ; High-Throughput Nucleotide Sequencing/methods ; Humans ; Neoplasms/genetics ; United Kingdom ; Whole Genome Sequencing
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-03-21
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Review
ZDB-ID	2527218-4
ISSN	2073-4425 ; 2073-4425
ISSN (online)	2073-4425
ISSN	2073-4425
DOI	10.3390/genes13030556
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Article: National Genome Initiatives in Europe and the United Kingdom in the Era of Whole-Genome Sequencing: A Comprehensive Review

Smetana, Jan / Brož, Petr

Genes. 2022 Mar. 21, v. 13, no. 3

2022

Abstract	Identification of genomic variability in population plays an important role in the clinical diagnostics of human genetic diseases. Thanks to rapid technological development in the field of massive parallel sequencing technologies, also known as next-generation sequencing (NGS), complex genomic analyses are now easier and cheaper than ever before, which consequently leads to more effective utilization of these techniques in clinical practice. However, interpretation of data from NGS is still challenging due to several issues caused by natural variability of DNA sequences in human populations. Therefore, development and realization of projects focused on description of genetic variability of local population (often called “national or digital genome”) with a NGS technique is one of the best approaches to address this problem. The next step of the process is to share such data via publicly available databases. Such databases are important for the interpretation of variants with unknown significance or (likely) pathogenic variants in rare diseases or cancer or generally for identification of pathological variants in a patient’s genome. In this paper, we have compiled an overview of published results of local genome sequencing projects from United Kingdom and Europe together with future plans and perspectives for newly announced ones.
Keywords	DNA ; diagnostic techniques ; genetic variation ; genomics ; humans ; patients ; United Kingdom
Language	English
Dates of publication	2022-0321
Publishing place	Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
Document type	Article
ZDB-ID	2527218-4
ISSN	2073-4425
ISSN	2073-4425
DOI	10.3390/genes13030556
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article ; Online: Palestinian Refugee Youth in Jordan: Parental Practices, Neighborhood Cohesion and Assistance, and Adolescent Wellbeing.

Ahmad, Ikhlas / Smetana, Judith

International journal of environmental research and public health

2021 Volume 18, Issue 7

Abstract: In this study, a total of 335 Palestinian refugees ( ...

Abstract	In this study, a total of 335 Palestinian refugees (
MeSH term(s)	Adolescent ; Adolescent Health ; Arabs ; Fathers ; Female ; Humans ; Jordan ; Male ; Mothers ; Parent-Child Relations ; Parenting ; Refugees
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-03-31
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ISSN	1660-4601
ISSN (online)	1660-4601
DOI	10.3390/ijerph18073649
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Article ; Online: Nonlinearities in Fringe-Counting Compact Michelson Interferometers.

Smetana, Jiri / Di Fronzo, Chiara / Amorosi, Anthony / Martynov, Denis

Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)

2023 Volume 23, Issue 17

Abstract: Compact Michelson interferometers are well positioned to replace existing displacement sensors in the readout of seismometers and suspension systems, such as those used in contemporary gravitational-wave detectors. Here, we continue our previous ... ...

Abstract	Compact Michelson interferometers are well positioned to replace existing displacement sensors in the readout of seismometers and suspension systems, such as those used in contemporary gravitational-wave detectors. Here, we continue our previous investigation of a customised compact displacement sensor built by SmarAct that operates on the principle of deep frequency modulation. The focus of this paper is the linearity of this device and its subsequent impact on sensitivity. We show the three primary sources of nonlinearity that arise in the sensor: residual ellipticity, intrinsic distortion of the Lissajous figure, and distortion caused by exceeding the velocity limit imposed by the demodulation algorithm. We verify the theoretical models through an experimental demonstration, where we show the detrimental impact that these nonlinear effects have on device sensitivity. Finally, we simulate the effect that these nonlinearities are likely to have if implemented in the readout of the Advanced LIGO suspensions and show that the noise from nonlinearities should not dominate across the key sub-10 Hz frequency band.
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-08-30
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2052857-7
ISSN	1424-8220 ; 1424-8220
ISSN (online)	1424-8220
ISSN	1424-8220
DOI	10.3390/s23177526
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Article: Epidemiology of vancomycin-resistant enterococci in the Hradec Králové University Hospital in 2017.

Polcarová, P / Hobzová, L / Smetana, J / Šošovičková, R / Chlíbek, R

Epidemiologie, mikrobiologie, imunologie : casopis Spolecnosti pro epidemiologii a mikrobiologii Ceske lekarske spolecnosti J.E. Purkyne

2020 Volume 69, Issue 3, Page(s) 107–115

Abstract: Vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE) have been a major public health concern for years. These pathogens are highly resistant, which facilitates their spread in health care settings where they may cause infections difficult to treat with antibiotics, ... ...

Title translation	Epidemiologie vankomycin-rezistentních enterokoků ve Fakultní nemocnici Hradec Králové v roce 2017.
Abstract	Vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE) have been a major public health concern for years. These pathogens are highly resistant, which facilitates their spread in health care settings where they may cause infections difficult to treat with antibiotics, particularly in immunocompromised patients. Over recent years, a considerable increase in VRE has also been observed in the Hradec Králové University Hospital. In 2017, 59 cases of VRE colonization or infection were newly diagnosed in inpatients. Based on a retrospective investigation, infected patients were identified, and from the hospital information system data, clinical and epidemiological factors possibly linked to VRE were analysed. It was concluded that one of the reasons behind the increase in VRE was poor compliance with the hygienic antiepidemic rules in general and with hand hygiene in particular, which was confirmed by the changed epidemiological situation the following year after more stringent rules were adopted. Raising awareness of health care workers about good practices to reduce the risk of the spread of resistant pathogens is crucial for the prevention of these infections.
MeSH term(s)	Anti-Bacterial Agents ; Gram-Positive Bacterial Infections ; Hospitals, University ; Humans ; Retrospective Studies ; Vancomycin-Resistant Enterococci
Chemical Substances	Anti-Bacterial Agents
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-10-19
Publishing country	Czech Republic
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1188216-5
ISSN	1805-451X ; 1210-7913 ; 0009-0522
ISSN (online)	1805-451X
ISSN	1210-7913 ; 0009-0522
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Article ; Online: Video Emergency Calls in Medical Dispatching: A Scoping Review.

Sýkora, Roman / Peřan, David / Renza, Metoděj / Bradna, Jan / Smetana, Jiří / Duška, František

Prehospital and disaster medicine

2022 Volume 37, Issue 6, Page(s) 819–826

Abstract: Background: Video emergency calls (VCs) represent a feasible future trend in medical dispatching. Acceptance among callers and dispatchers seems to be good. Indications, potential problems, limitations, and directions of research of adding a live video ... ...

Abstract	Background: Video emergency calls (VCs) represent a feasible future trend in medical dispatching. Acceptance among callers and dispatchers seems to be good. Indications, potential problems, limitations, and directions of research of adding a live video from smartphones to an emergency call have not been reviewed outside the context of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA). Objective: The main objective of this study is to examine the scope and nature of research publications on the topic of VC. The secondary goal is to identify research gaps and discuss the potential directions of research efforts of VC. Design: Following PRISMA-ScR guidelines, online bibliographic databases PubMed, Web of Science, SCOPUS, Google Scholar, ClinicalTrials.gov, and gray literature were searched from the period of January 1, 2012 through March 1, 2022 in English. Only studies focusing on video transfer via mobile phone to emergency medical dispatch centers (EMDCs) were included. Results: Twelve articles were included in the qualitative synthesis and six main themes were identified: (1) cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) guided by VC; (2) indications of VCs; (3) dispatchers' feedback and perception; (4) technical aspects of VCs; (5) callers' acceptance; and (6) confidentiality and legal issues. Conclusion: Video emergency calls are feasible and seem to be a well-accepted auxiliary method among dispatchers and callers. Some promising clinical results exist, especially for video-assisted CPR. On the other hand, there are still enormous knowledge gaps in the vast majority of implementation aspects of VC into practice.
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-09-23
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1025975-2
ISSN	1945-1938 ; 1049-023X
ISSN (online)	1945-1938
ISSN	1049-023X
DOI	10.1017/S1049023X22001297
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Article: In-vivo interspecies transmission of carbapenemase KPC in a long-term treated female patient.

Polcarová, P / Hobzová, L / Kukla, R / Skořepa, P / Smetana, J / Šošovičková, R / Chlíbek, R

Epidemiologie, mikrobiologie, imunologie : casopis Spolecnosti pro epidemiologii a mikrobiologii Ceske lekarske spolecnosti J.E. Purkyne

2019 Volume 68, Issue 2, Page(s) 99–102

Abstract: The increasing incidence of multiresistant bacterial strains is currently a serious health concern. These pathogens are often the cause of nosocomial infections with limited treatment options and high fatality rates. A case report is presented of an ... ...

Title translation	In-vivo mezidruhový přenos KPC karbapenemázy u dlouhodobě léčené pacientky.
Abstract	The increasing incidence of multiresistant bacterial strains is currently a serious health concern. These pathogens are often the cause of nosocomial infections with limited treatment options and high fatality rates. A case report is presented of an uncommon detection of four different species (Citrobacter freundii, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Escherichia coli, and Morganella morganii) producing the same type of carbapenemase, KPC-2, in a female patient during her complicated long-term hospital stay. Resistance was probably spread to other species by horizontal transmission of plasmids carrying the blaKPC-2 genes. The implementation of strict anti-epidemic measures prevented further spread of these carbapenem-resistant bacteria.
MeSH term(s)	Anti-Bacterial Agents/pharmacology ; Bacteria/drug effects ; Bacteria/enzymology ; Bacterial Infections/microbiology ; Bacterial Proteins/genetics ; Coinfection/microbiology ; Cross Infection/microbiology ; Drug Resistance, Bacterial/genetics ; Female ; Gene Transfer, Horizontal ; Humans ; Microbial Sensitivity Tests ; Plasmids/genetics ; beta-Lactamases/genetics
Chemical Substances	Anti-Bacterial Agents ; Bacterial Proteins ; beta-lactamase KPC-2 (EC 3.5.2.-) ; beta-Lactamases (EC 3.5.2.6)
Language	English
Publishing date	2019-08-15
Publishing country	Czech Republic
Document type	Case Reports ; Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1188216-5
ISSN	1805-451X ; 1210-7913 ; 0009-0522
ISSN (online)	1805-451X
ISSN	1210-7913 ; 0009-0522
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