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Article ; Online: Disposal methods for radioactive waste from nuclear power plants and environmental radiation monitoring methods

Shchipalkina Anna / Smirnova Ekaterina

E3S Web of Conferences, Vol 431, p

2023 Volume 04002

Abstract: Air pollution has a serious impact on human health. Deterioration of the air environment causes 7 million premature deaths annually. Despite the active implementation of various environmental programmes and technical resources aimed at preserving and ... ...

Abstract	Air pollution has a serious impact on human health. Deterioration of the air environment causes 7 million premature deaths annually. Despite the active implementation of various environmental programmes and technical resources aimed at preserving and protecting the environment from anthropogenic factors, over 90% of the world's population live in cities that do not meet the air quality recommendations of the World Health Organisation (WHO). Intense and constant technogenic load necessitates continuous monitoring of atmospheric air quality. Sufficient, systematic and representative information is needed to study the spatial and temporal distribution of substances in the air basin, to predict pollution levels and to make correct environmental decisions. Environmental monitoring is a tool for obtaining such information. In this work the analysis of influence of radioactive waste of nuclear power plants on a radiation level of environment is executed and the tasks of its ecological monitoring in areas of location of the enterprises of nuclear power industry are considered.
Keywords	Environmental sciences ; GE1-350
Subject code	333
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-01-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	EDP Sciences
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: The approaches for assessing the quality of scientific research at St. Petersburg Mining university

Radushinsky Dmitry / Kremcheeva Dinara / Smirnova Ekaterina / Radushinskaya Alexandra

E3S Web of Conferences, Vol 376, p

2023 Volume 05051

Abstract: The article considers approaches to the development of criteria for assessing the quality of scientific research in St. Petersburg Mining University, Russia (Mining University), the functioning of which contains the main features of research university ... ...

Abstract	The article considers approaches to the development of criteria for assessing the quality of scientific research in St. Petersburg Mining University, Russia (Mining University), the functioning of which contains the main features of research university as well as of a scientific organization. The research methods include expert assessments, analysis and synthesis and other desk research methods. Based on the analysis of the results of the scientific activity of the organization in recent years, a set of basic quantitative indicators has been developed, as well as a set of additional qualitative indicators of the effectiveness of the scientific departments of the university. Qualitative indicators, including the rating assessment of the research carried out by the Scientific and Technical Council of the university, are designed to complement the widely used scientometric data. Thus, scientometric, financial indicators and a comprehensive (multifactorial) qualitative assessment can serve as criteria for the quality assessment for the scientific activity of the university. The information obtained is relevant for the formation of a quality management system for scientific research at Mining University, as well as for other research universities with a similar organizational structure. However, the conclusions obtained cannot be automatically extended to the procedures for the formation of quality management systems for scientific research in organizations of a different profile.
Keywords	research university ; r&d ; scientific activity ; research quality ; scientific unit ; research quality indicators ; quality management system ; Environmental sciences ; GE1-350
Subject code	001
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-01-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	EDP Sciences
Document type	Article ; Online
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Article ; Online: The Imidazolium Ionic Liquids Toxicity is Due to Their Effect on the Plasma Membrane.

Sokolov, Svyatoslav S / Smirnova, Ekaterina A / Rokitskaya, Tatyana I / Severin, Fedor F

Biochemistry. Biokhimiia

2024 Volume 89, Issue 3, Page(s) 451–461

Abstract: Ionic liquids (ILs) are organic salts with a low melting point. This is due to the fact that their alkyl side chains, which are covalently connected to the ion, hinder the crystallization of ILs. The low melting point of ILs has led to their widespread ... ...

Abstract	Ionic liquids (ILs) are organic salts with a low melting point. This is due to the fact that their alkyl side chains, which are covalently connected to the ion, hinder the crystallization of ILs. The low melting point of ILs has led to their widespread use as relatively harmless solvents. However, ILs do have toxic properties, the mechanism of which is largely unknown, so identifying the cellular targets of ILs is of practical importance. In our work, we showed that imidazolium ILs are not able to penetrate model membranes without damaging them. We also found that inactivation of multidrug resistance (MDR) pumps in yeast cells does not increase their sensitivity to imidazolium ILs. The latter indicates that the target of toxicity of imidazolium ILs is not in the cytoplasm. Thus, it can be assumed that the disruption of the barrier properties of the plasma membrane is the main reason for the toxicity of low concentrations of imidazolium ILs. We also showed that supplementation with imidazolium ILs restores the growth of cells with kinetically blocked glycolysis. Apparently, a slight disruption of the plasma membrane caused by ILs can, in some cases, be beneficial for the cell.
MeSH term(s)	Ionic Liquids/toxicity ; Ionic Liquids/chemistry ; Imidazoles/toxicity ; Imidazoles/chemistry ; Imidazoles/pharmacology ; Cell Membrane/drug effects ; Cell Membrane/metabolism ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae/drug effects ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae/metabolism
Chemical Substances	Ionic Liquids ; Imidazoles
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-04-19
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1109-5
ISSN	1608-3040 ; 0006-2979 ; 0320-9717
ISSN (online)	1608-3040
ISSN	0006-2979 ; 0320-9717
DOI	10.1134/S0006297924030064
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Article ; Online: Binding to nucleosome poises human SIRT6 for histone H3 deacetylation.

Smirnova, Ekaterina / Bignon, Emmanuelle / Schultz, Patrick / Papai, Gabor / Ben Shem, Adam

eLife

2024 Volume 12

Abstract: Sirtuin 6 (SIRT6) is an ... ...

Abstract	Sirtuin 6 (SIRT6) is an NAD
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Nucleosomes ; Histones ; NAD ; Chromatin ; Glycosyltransferases ; Histone Deacetylases ; DNA ; Sirtuins
Chemical Substances	Nucleosomes ; Histones ; NAD (0U46U6E8UK) ; Chromatin ; Glycosyltransferases (EC 2.4.-) ; Histone Deacetylases (EC 3.5.1.98) ; DNA (9007-49-2) ; SIRT6 protein, human (EC 3.5.1.-) ; Sirtuins (EC 3.5.1.-)
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-02-28
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2687154-3
ISSN	2050-084X ; 2050-084X
ISSN (online)	2050-084X
ISSN	2050-084X
DOI	10.7554/eLife.87989
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Article ; Online: Features of the results of conductometric studies of apple juices

Nikulina Svetlana / Fateeva Natalia / Cherekanova Evgenia / Verizhnikova Tatiana / Smirnova Ekaterina / Vasyukov Alexander / Nazarova Irina

E3S Web of Conferences, Vol 392, p

2023 Volume 01014

Abstract: By the conductometric method, the dependence of the specific electrical conductivity (χ) of five apple juice samples on the volume fraction (φ) of apple juice in a solution with distilled water. The dependence χ in the range φ from 0 to 1 acquires a ... ...

Abstract	By the conductometric method, the dependence of the specific electrical conductivity (χ) of five apple juice samples on the volume fraction (φ) of apple juice in a solution with distilled water. The dependence χ in the range φ from 0 to 1 acquires a power-law character (the correlation coefficient is close to 1), since a significant part of the mineral composition of apple juices consists of various organic acids. The technique fully complies with the principles of “green” chemistry, since the “waste” is apple juice diluted with distilled water.
Keywords	Environmental sciences ; GE1-350
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-01-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	EDP Sciences
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Book ; Online: Internal Structure of Metal Vacancies in Cubic Carbides

Smirnova, Ekaterina / Nourazar, Mehdi / Korzhavyi, Pavel A.

2023

Abstract: A combinatorial approach is employed to investigate the atomic and electronic structures of a metal vacancy in titanium carbide. It turns out that the usual relaxed geometry of the vacancy is just a metastable state representing a local energy minimum. ... ...

Abstract	A combinatorial approach is employed to investigate the atomic and electronic structures of a metal vacancy in titanium carbide. It turns out that the usual relaxed geometry of the vacancy is just a metastable state representing a local energy minimum. Using ab initio calculations and by systematically searching through the configurational space of a Ti monovacancy, we identify a multitude of local minima with reconstructed geometry that are lower in energy. Among them, there is a planar configuration with two displaced carbons forming a dimer inside the vacancy. This structure has the optimal number and order of C-C bonds making it the global minimum. Further calculations show that this reconstructed geometry is also the ground state of metal vacancies in other carbides such as ZrC, HfC, and VC. The reconstructed metal vacancies are characterized by localized electron states due to the relatively short C-C bonds. The defect states lie just below the upper and lower valence bands. The existence of reconstructed vacancy configurations is essential for understanding the mechanism of metal self-diffusion in transition-metal carbides. Comment: 5 pages, 3 figures, 1 table, 49 references
Keywords	Condensed Matter - Materials Science
Subject code	541
Publishing date	2023-10-07
Publishing country	us
Document type	Book ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Book ; Online: A fast topological approach for predicting anomalies in time-varying graphs

Islambekov, Umar / Pathirana, Hasani / Khormali, Omid / Akcora, Cuneyt / Smirnova, Ekaterina

2023

Abstract: Large time-varying graphs are increasingly common in financial, social and biological settings. Feature extraction that efficiently encodes the complex structure of sparse, multi-layered, dynamic graphs presents computational and methodological ... ...

Abstract	Large time-varying graphs are increasingly common in financial, social and biological settings. Feature extraction that efficiently encodes the complex structure of sparse, multi-layered, dynamic graphs presents computational and methodological challenges. In the past decade, a persistence diagram (PD) from topological data analysis (TDA) has become a popular descriptor of shape of data with a well-defined distance between points. However, applications of TDA to graphs, where there is no intrinsic concept of distance between the nodes, remain largely unexplored. This paper addresses this gap in the literature by introducing a computationally efficient framework to extract shape information from graph data. Our framework has two main steps: first, we compute a PD using the so-called lower-star filtration which utilizes quantitative node attributes, and then vectorize it by averaging the associated Betti function over successive scale values on a one-dimensional grid. Our approach avoids embedding a graph into a metric space and has stability properties against input noise. In simulation studies, we show that the proposed vector summary leads to improved change point detection rate in time-varying graphs. In a real data application, our approach provides up to 22% gain in anomalous price prediction for the Ethereum cryptocurrency transaction networks.
Keywords	Computer Science - Machine Learning
Subject code	006
Publishing date	2023-05-10
Publishing country	us
Document type	Book ; Online
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Article: Fast Univariate Inference for Longitudinal Functional Models.

Cui, Erjia / Leroux, Andrew / Smirnova, Ekaterina / Crainiceanu, Ciprian M

Journal of computational and graphical statistics : a joint publication of American Statistical Association, Institute of Mathematical Statistics, Interface Foundation of North America

2021 Volume 31, Issue 1, Page(s) 219–230

Abstract: We propose fast univariate inferential approaches for longitudinal Gaussian and non-Gaussian functional data. The approach consists of three steps: (1) fit massively univariate pointwise mixed effects models; (2) apply any smoother along the functional ... ...

Abstract	We propose fast univariate inferential approaches for longitudinal Gaussian and non-Gaussian functional data. The approach consists of three steps: (1) fit massively univariate pointwise mixed effects models; (2) apply any smoother along the functional domain; and (3) obtain joint confidence bands using analytic approaches for Gaussian data or a bootstrap of study participants for non-Gaussian data. Methods are motivated by two applications: (1) Diffusion Tensor Imaging (DTI) measured at multiple visits along the corpus callosum of multiple sclerosis (MS) patients; and (2) physical activity data measured by body-worn accelerometers for multiple days. An extensive simulation study indicates that model fitting and inference are accurate and much faster than existing approaches. Moreover, the proposed approach was the only one that was computationally feasible for the physical activity data application. Methods are accompanied by R software, though the method is "read-and-use", as it can be implemented by any analyst who is familiar with mixed effects model software.
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-08-04
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2014382-5
ISSN	1537-2715 ; 1061-8600
ISSN (online)	1537-2715
ISSN	1061-8600
DOI	10.1080/10618600.2021.1950006
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Article ; Online: Fixed-effects inference and tests of correlation for longitudinal functional data.

Li, Ruonan / Xiao, Luo / Smirnova, Ekaterina / Cui, Erjia / Leroux, Andrew / Crainiceanu, Ciprian M

Statistics in medicine

2022 Volume 41, Issue 17, Page(s) 3349–3364

Abstract: We propose an inferential framework for fixed effects in longitudinal functional models and introduce tests for the correlation structures induced by the longitudinal sampling procedure. The framework provides a natural extension of standard longitudinal ...

Abstract	We propose an inferential framework for fixed effects in longitudinal functional models and introduce tests for the correlation structures induced by the longitudinal sampling procedure. The framework provides a natural extension of standard longitudinal correlation models for scalar observations to functional observations. Using simulation studies, we compare fixed effects estimation under correctly and incorrectly specified correlation structures and also test the longitudinal correlation structure. Finally, we apply the proposed methods to a longitudinal functional dataset on physical activity. The computer code for the proposed method is available at https://github.com/rli20ST758/FILF.
MeSH term(s)	Computer Simulation ; Exercise ; Humans ; Longitudinal Studies ; Research Design
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-05-01
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
ZDB-ID	843037-8
ISSN	1097-0258 ; 0277-6715
ISSN (online)	1097-0258
ISSN	0277-6715
DOI	10.1002/sim.9421
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Article ; Online: Cardiovascular mortality risk prediction using objectively measured physical activity phenotypes in NHANES 2003-2006.

Ledbetter, Mark K / Tabacu, Lucia / Leroux, Andrew / Crainiceanu, Ciprian M / Smirnova, Ekaterina

Preventive medicine

2022 Volume 164, Page(s) 107303

Abstract: Increased physical activity (PA) has been associated with a decreased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and mortality. However, most previous studies use self-reported PA instead of objectively measured PA assessed by wearable accelerometers. To the ... ...

Abstract	Increased physical activity (PA) has been associated with a decreased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and mortality. However, most previous studies use self-reported PA instead of objectively measured PA assessed by wearable accelerometers. To the best of our knowledge, there have not been studies that quantified the univariate and multivariate ability of objectively measured PA summaries to predict the risk of CVD mortality. We investigate the ability of objectively measured PA summary variables to predict CVD mortality: as individual predictors, as part of the best multivariate model incorporating traditional predictors, and as additions to the best multivariate model using only traditional CVD predictors. Data were collected in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2003-2006 waves for US participants aged 50-85. The predictive ability was measured using Concordance, sometimes referred to as the C-statistic. Specifically, we calculated 10-fold cross-validated concordance (CVC) in survey-weighted Cox proportional hazard models. The best univariate predictor of CVD mortality was total activity count (outperformed age). In multivariate models, two of the eight predictors identified using the improvement in CVC threshold of 0.001 were PA measures (CVC = 0.844). The best model without physical activity (7 predictors) had CVC of 0.830. The addition of PA measures to the best traditional model was significantly better at predicting CVD mortality (P < 0.001). Accelerometer-derived PA measures have excellent cardiovascular mortality prediction performance. Wearable accelerometers have a potential for assessment of individuals' CVD mortality risks.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Nutrition Surveys ; Risk Factors ; Exercise ; Cardiovascular Diseases ; Phenotype
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-10-13
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
ZDB-ID	184600-0
ISSN	1096-0260 ; 0091-7435
ISSN (online)	1096-0260
ISSN	0091-7435
DOI	10.1016/j.ypmed.2022.107303
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