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Article ; Online: Developmental activities of elite junior hockey players: an analysis of early sport specialization.

Garland, W J / Smith, K L / Dixon, J C / Horton, S

Frontiers in sports and active living

2023 Volume 5, Page(s) 1253007

Abstract: Early sport specialization is a popular and contentious topic in the scientific literature and popular media. The lure of extrinsic rewards has led to increasing rates of specialization among young athletes, while expert recommendations promote ... ...

Abstract	Early sport specialization is a popular and contentious topic in the scientific literature and popular media. The lure of extrinsic rewards has led to increasing rates of specialization among young athletes, while expert recommendations promote multisport participation. The purpose of this study was to describe and analyze developmental activities of a group of elite junior hockey players in Canada. Within this context, elements of specialization were investigated in accordance with existing theoretical frameworks and long-term athlete development models to enhance the literature. Fifteen participants from the Ontario Hockey League completed quantitative retrospective interviews, detailing past sport and recreational activities. Thirty-one developmental milestones were assessed. Accumulated hours of activity were categorized in accordance with Côté's (1999) Developmental Model of Sports Participation, along with the number and types of sports in which they participated during childhood. Jayanthi et al.'s (2015) continuum was utilized to determine the age at which the athletes became moderately and highly specialized. Accrued hours of deliberate practice reported by participants increased from ages 6 to 16 years, as did competition in organized hockey games. Reported hours of deliberate play peaked at 9 years of age and decreased thereafter. Participants played a combined 16 sports other than hockey, ranging from an average of 2.0 at age 6, to a maximum average of 5.6 at 12 years old, and decreasing each year to 2.3 by age 15. The greatest number of hours in other sports was accumulated at 12 years of age. Using a three-point scale, participants considered themselves "highly specialized" at 14 years old; however, other quantitative indicators suggested this may have occurred at 12 years of age. Relative to previous research on early sport specialization, participants in this study spent more time practicing hockey, while ceasing hockey-specific play and other sports at younger ages. Despite a diverse sport history, hockey competition was initiated earlier than recommended, showing high levels of sport commitment as young as 9 years old. The early specialization path remains a popular trajectory among coaches, parents, and athletes in Canadian ice hockey.
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-10-31
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ISSN	2624-9367
ISSN (online)	2624-9367
DOI	10.3389/fspor.2023.1253007
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Thesis ; Online: AI Enabled Dynamic Capabilities

Smith, K.L. (author)

Helping Large Organisations to Overcome Disruptions with a Capability Orchestration Framework

2020

Abstract: Due to globalisation and technological advancements, the world is becoming increasingly complex. Volatile, uncertain, complex and ambiguous (VUCA) environments have called for organisations to become more agile in order to survive and compete in such ... ...

Abstract	Due to globalisation and technological advancements, the world is becoming increasingly complex. Volatile, uncertain, complex and ambiguous (VUCA) environments have called for organisations to become more agile in order to survive and compete in such changing environments. Large organisations are at particular risk for becoming stagnant due to operational inertia. In order to combat this and achieve agility, dynamic capabilities are developed. These capabilities allow an organisation to more effectively and efficiently change to incoming threats or opportunities. Such changes create uncertainty and insecurity amongst employees which translates into higher employee turnover and decreased performance. Stability therefore needs to be provided for individuals, while achieving dynamacy for organisations. This paradox of dynamic stability drives research into understanding relationships and effects caused by disruptions. Covid-19 is used as an extreme use case in order to create these understandings. After primary and secondary research conclusions were developed, a conceptual framework was developed in order to orchestrate capabilities. This aims to help speed up the time taken for opportunities/threats to be translated into outcomes. This also aims to help improve the depth, diversity and accuracy of these outcomes. Strategic Product Design
Keywords	Dynamic Capabilities ; Dynamic Stability ; Artificial Intelligence and Design ; Complexity ; Change Management ; Organisational Culture ; Framework ; covid19
Subject code	650
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-08-26
Publishing country	nl
Document type	Thesis ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Evaluation of Summer Sausage Manufactured Using Mixed Lactobacillus and Leuconostoc Starter Culture

Burrowes, O J / Schmidt, F H / Smith, K L / Chambers, J V

Journal of food protection

2019 Volume 49, Issue 4, Page(s) 280–281

Abstract: A 1:1 mixture of Leuconostoc and Lactobacillus plantarum and of L. plantarum alone were used as starter-cultures in making two batches of summer sausage. Sausage samples were evaluated for volatile flavor compounds and by sensory evaluation. Ethanol was ... ...

Abstract	A 1:1 mixture of Leuconostoc and Lactobacillus plantarum and of L. plantarum alone were used as starter-cultures in making two batches of summer sausage. Sausage samples were evaluated for volatile flavor compounds and by sensory evaluation. Ethanol was the primary volatile flavor compound in the sausage from mixed culture while acetaldehyde predominated in the single culture sausage. Sensory evaluation indicated a significant difference (p≤0.01) between the two types of sausages with 66% of the panelists preferring sausage prepared with L. plantarum alone.
Language	English
Publishing date	2019-05-01
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	243284-5
ISSN	1944-9097 ; 0362-028X
ISSN (online)	1944-9097
ISSN	0362-028X
DOI	10.4315/0362-028X-49.4.280
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article ; Online: Abyssal Benthic Rover, an autonomous vehicle for long-term monitoring of deep-ocean processes.

Smith, K L / Sherman, A D / McGill, P R / Henthorn, R G / Ferreira, J / Connolly, T P / Huffard, C L

Science robotics

2021 Volume 6, Issue 60, Page(s) eabl4925

Abstract: The deep-ocean carbon cycle is poorly quantified. An abyssal benthic rover was developed to make long time-series measurements of seafloor processes related to organic carbon remineralization and sequestration. Benthic Rover II (BR-II) is an autonomous ... ...

Abstract	The deep-ocean carbon cycle is poorly quantified. An abyssal benthic rover was developed to make long time-series measurements of seafloor processes related to organic carbon remineralization and sequestration. Benthic Rover II (BR-II) is an autonomous dual-tracked vehicle that measures bottom water temperature and oxygen concentration, current velocity, and sediment community oxygen consumption (SCOC; respiration). BR-II is programmed to transit with low surface-contact pressure across the seafloor, photograph bottom conditions, and stop regularly to occupy respirometer incubation sites, with deployment periods up to 1 year. Now, continuously operational at a 4000-m station in the northeast Pacific over 5 years, substantial weekly, seasonal, annual, and episodic events have been recorded, which are critical to assessing the deep-ocean carbon cycle. There was a significant increase in phytodetritus cover (
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-11-03
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.
ISSN	2470-9476
ISSN (online)	2470-9476
DOI	10.1126/scirobotics.abl4925
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article ; Online: Proteolytic Activity in Ultra-Pasteurized, Aseptically Packaged Whipping Cream

Richter, R L / Schmidt, R H / Smith, K L / Mull, L E / Henry, S L

Journal of food protection

2019 Volume 42, Issue 1, Page(s) 43–45

Abstract: The proteolytic activity in three commercial ultra-pasteurized, aseptically packaged samples of cream that developed bitter flavor was studied. Samples were analyzed for microorganisms and rate of proteolysis as affected by reaction temperature and pH. ... ...

Abstract	The proteolytic activity in three commercial ultra-pasteurized, aseptically packaged samples of cream that developed bitter flavor was studied. Samples were analyzed for microorganisms and rate of proteolysis as affected by reaction temperature and pH. The temperature effect was determined at 20, 30, 37, 45, and 50 C. Samples A and B had an optimum temperature of 37 C for proteolytic activity while Sample C had its optimum between 30 and 37 C. Sample B had increased activity at pH 7.0, 8.0 and 9.0. Sample A had increased activity between pH 7.0 and 7.5 while Sample C exhibited greatest activity at pH 8.0. The rate of proteolysis increased with incubation time.
Language	English
Publishing date	2019-01-30
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	243284-5
ISSN	1944-9097 ; 0362-028X
ISSN (online)	1944-9097
ISSN	0362-028X
DOI	10.4315/0362-028X-42.1.43
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Article: Decadal Change in Sediment Community Oxygen Consumption in the Abyssal Northeast Pacific.

Smith, K L / Huffard, C L / Sherman, A D / Ruhl, H A

Aquatic geochemistry

2016 Volume 22, Issue 5, Page(s) 401–417

Abstract: Long time-series studies are critical to assessing impacts of climate change on the marine carbon cycle. A 27-year time-series study in the abyssal northeast Pacific (Sta. M, 4000 m depth) has provided the first concurrent measurements of sinking ... ...

Abstract	Long time-series studies are critical to assessing impacts of climate change on the marine carbon cycle. A 27-year time-series study in the abyssal northeast Pacific (Sta. M, 4000 m depth) has provided the first concurrent measurements of sinking particulate organic carbon supply (POC flux) and remineralization by the benthic community. Sediment community oxygen consumption (SCOC), an estimate of organic carbon remineralization, was measured in situ over daily to interannual periods with four different instruments. Daily averages of SCOC ranged from a low of 5.0 mg C m
Language	English
Publishing date	2016-05-13
Publishing country	Netherlands
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1478538-9
ISSN	1573-1421 ; 1380-6165
ISSN (online)	1573-1421
ISSN	1380-6165
DOI	10.1007/s10498-016-9293-3
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article ; Online: Comment on "A robust floating nanoammeter" [Rev. Sci. Instrum. 79, 126102 (2008)].

Aplin, K L / Smith, K L

The Review of scientific instruments

2009 Volume 80, Issue 5, Page(s) 057101; author reply 057102

MeSH term(s)	Calibration ; Electric Conductivity ; Electrochemistry/instrumentation ; Electrodes ; Light
Language	English
Publishing date	2009-05
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Comment ; Letter
ZDB-ID	209865-9
ISSN	1089-7623 ; 0034-6748
ISSN (online)	1089-7623
ISSN	0034-6748
DOI	10.1063/1.3127745
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Article ; Online: Overweight adolescents eat what? And when? Analysis of consumption patterns to guide dietary message development for intervention.

Smith, K L / Straker, L M / Kerr, D A / Smith, A J

Journal of human nutrition and dietetics : the official journal of the British Dietetic Association

2015 Volume 28 Suppl 2, Page(s) 80–93

Abstract: Background: Little is known about overweight adolescent dietary consumption patterns, with challenges to collecting meaningful data making it difficult to develop targeted obesity interventions. The present study aimed to examine the timing and ... ...

Abstract	Background: Little is known about overweight adolescent dietary consumption patterns, with challenges to collecting meaningful data making it difficult to develop targeted obesity interventions. The present study aimed to examine the timing and consumption of fruit, vegetables and junk food by time of the day and day of the week. Methods: Overweight adolescents (n = 61), aged 12-16 years, completed 3-day food records. Negative binomial and binary logistic regression using generalised estimating equations were used to compare the amount and likelihood of the consumption of each food group between time periods. Results: Overweight adolescent girls were more likely to eat fruit on weekdays than weekends [odds ratio (OR) = 5.0. P < 0.001], as were boys (OR = 2.5, P = 0.034). Adolescents consumed more fruit at school than other meals [girls: incident rate ratio (IRR) = 7.5, P < 0.001; boys: IRR = 4.0, P = 0.050]. Weekday dinner was the meal where girls were most likely to consume vegetables (OR = 3.0, P = 0.009) and when boys consumed the most vegetables (IRR = 30.9, P = 0.006). Fast food consumption was most likely for girls at dinner on the weekend (OR = 9.6, P = 0.042), whereas fast food intake for boys increased overall on the weekend (IRR = 3.6, P = 0.001). Intake of 'other junk' (e.g. crisps) peaked during school hours for girls (IRR = 7.2, P < 0.001) and sugar-sweetened beverage consumption increased for boys on the weekend (IRR = 3.3, P = 0.001). Overall, trends in fruit intake showed opposing times for high and low consumption compared to vegetable intake. Conclusions: These results represent the next step in using time of day and day of week consumption patterns to develop targeted, evidence-based dietary messages for interventions in overweight adolescents.
MeSH term(s)	Adolescent ; Adolescent Behavior ; Diet ; Dietary Sucrose/adverse effects ; Energy Intake ; Feeding Behavior ; Female ; Humans ; Logistic Models ; Male ; Meals ; Obesity/etiology ; Odds Ratio ; Schools ; Sex Factors
Chemical Substances	Dietary Sucrose
Language	English
Publishing date	2015-02
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	645183-4
ISSN	1365-277X ; 0952-3871 ; 1465-8178
ISSN (online)	1365-277X
ISSN	0952-3871 ; 1465-8178
DOI	10.1111/jhn.12263
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Book: Erupt

Smith, K. L

ecosystem studies at Deception Island, Antarctica

(Deep sea research : Pt. 2, Topical studies in oceanography ; 50.2003,10/11)

2003

Author's details	guest ed. K. L. Smith
Series title	Deep sea research : Pt. 2, Topical studies in oceanography ; 50.2003,10/11
Language	English
Size	IV, S. 1595 - 1888, graph. Darst., Kt
Publisher	Pergamon
Publishing place	Oxford u.a.
Document type	Book
Database	Former special subject collection: coastal and deep sea fishing

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Article: Decadal Change in Sediment Community Oxygen Consumption in the Abyssal Northeast Pacific

Smith, K. L / Huffard, C. L / Sherman, A. D / Ruhl, H. A

Aquatic geochemistry. 2016 Dec., v. 22, no. 5-6

2016

Abstract	Long time-series studies are critical to assessing impacts of climate change on the marine carbon cycle. A 27-year time-series study in the abyssal northeast Pacific (Sta. M, 4000 m depth) has provided the first concurrent measurements of sinking particulate organic carbon supply (POC flux) and remineralization by the benthic community. Sediment community oxygen consumption (SCOC), an estimate of organic carbon remineralization, was measured in situ over daily to interannual periods with four different instruments. Daily averages of SCOC ranged from a low of 5.0 mg C m−2 day−1 in February 1991 to a high of 31.0 mg C m−2 day−1 in June 2012. POC flux estimated from sediment trap collections at 600 and 50 m above bottom ranged from 0.3 mg C m−2 day−1 in October 2013 to 32.0 mg C m−2 day−1 in June 2011. Monthly averages of SCOC and POC flux correlated significantly with no time lag. Over the long time series, yearly average POC flux accounted for 63 % of the estimated carbon demand of the benthic community. Long time-series studies of sediment community processes, particularly SCOC, have shown similar fluctuations with the flux of POC reaching the abyssal seafloor. SCOC quickly responds to changes in food supply and tracks POC flux. Yet, SCOC consistently exceeds POC flux as measured by sediment traps alone. The shortfall of ~37 % could be explained by sediment trap sampling artifacts over decadal scales including undersampling of large sinking particles. High-resolution measurements of SCOC are critical to developing a realistic carbon cycle model for the open ocean. Such input is essential to evaluate the impact of climate change on the oceanic carbon cycle, and the long-term influences on the sedimentation record.
Keywords	sediments ; benthic organisms ; models ; oxygen consumption ; carbon cycle ; climate change ; food availability ; particulate organic carbon ; time series analysis ; sediment traps
Language	English
Dates of publication	2016-12
Size	p. 401-417.
Publishing place	Springer Netherlands
Document type	Article
Note	2019-12-06
ZDB-ID	1478538-9
ISSN	1573-1421 ; 1380-6165
ISSN (online)	1573-1421
ISSN	1380-6165
DOI	10.1007/s10498-016-9293-3
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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