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Article: Risk Factors for Serogroup B Meningococcal Disease Among College Students.

Weil, Lauren M / Crowe, Samuel J / Rubis, Amy B / Soeters, Heidi M / Meyer, Sarah A / Hariri, Susan / McNamara, Lucy A

2023 Volume 10, Issue 12, Page(s) ofad607

Abstract: Background: College students are at increased risk for invasive meningococcal disease, but which students are most at risk is unclear.: Methods: US meningococcal disease cases in persons aged 18-24 years during 2014-2017 were included. Patients were ... ...

Abstract	Background: College students are at increased risk for invasive meningococcal disease, but which students are most at risk is unclear. Methods: US meningococcal disease cases in persons aged 18-24 years during 2014-2017 were included. Patients were classified as undergraduate students or other persons. Incidence in different student and non-student populations was compared. Results: During 2014-2017, 229 meningococcal disease cases were reported in persons aged 18-24 years; 120 were in undergraduate students. Serogroup B accounted for 74% of cases in students. Serogroup B disease incidence was 4-fold higher in undergraduate students, 11.8-fold higher among first-year undergraduate students, and 8.6-fold higher among residence hall residents versus non-undergraduates. During outbreaks, students affiliated with Greek life had a 9.8-fold higher risk of disease compared to other students. A significantly higher party school ranking was observed for schools with sporadic or outbreak cases when compared to schools with no cases. Conclusions: The findings of increased disease risk among first-year students and those living on campus or affiliated with Greek life can inform shared clinical decision-making for serogroup B vaccines to prevent this rare but serious disease. These data also can inform school serogroup B vaccination policies and outbreak response measures.
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-12-02
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2757767-3
ISSN	2328-8957
ISSN	2328-8957
DOI	10.1093/ofid/ofad607
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Article: Etiology of diarrheal hospitalizations following rotavirus vaccine implementation and association of enteric pathogens with malnutrition among under-five children in India.

Varghese, Tintu / Mills, James A Platts / Revathi, R / Antoni, Sebastien / Soeters, Heidi M / Emmanuel Njambe, Tondo Opute / Houpt, Eric R / Tate, Jacqueline E / Parashar, Umesh D / Kang, Gagandeep

Gut pathogens

2024 Volume 16, Issue 1, Page(s) 22

Abstract: Malnourished children are at higher risk of mortality and morbidity following diarrheal illness and certain enteropathogens have been associated with malnutrition in children. Very few studies have comprehensively looked at the etiology of diarrhea in ... ...

Abstract	Malnourished children are at higher risk of mortality and morbidity following diarrheal illness and certain enteropathogens have been associated with malnutrition in children. Very few studies have comprehensively looked at the etiology of diarrhea in malnourished children and most have used conventional diagnostic methods with suboptimal sensitivity. We used a highly sensitive molecular approach against a broad range of pathogens causing diarrhea and examined their association with malnutrition. In addition, we looked at the pathogen diversity of pediatric diarrhea, three years after the nationwide rotavirus vaccine introduction to understand the evolving landscape of pathogens, which is crucial for planning strategies to further reduce the diarrhea burden. Clinical details and diarrheal stool samples were collected from hospitalized children aged < 5 years from three sentinel sites in India for a period of one year. The samples were tested by qPCR for 16 established causes of diarrhea using TaqMan Array Cards. A total of 772 children were enrolled, from whom 482 (62.4%) stool specimens were tested. No specific pathogen was associated with diarrhea among children with acute or chronic malnutrition compared to those with better nutritional status. Overall, adenovirus was the leading pathogen (attributable fraction (AF) 16.9%; 95% CI 14.1 to 19.2) followed by rotavirus (AF 12.6%; 95% CI 11.8 to 13.1) and Shigella (AF 10.9%; 95% CI 8.4 to 16.4). The majority of diarrhea requiring hospitalization in children aged < 2 years could be attributed to viruses, while Shigella was the most common pathogen among children aged > 2 years. These data on the prevalence and epidemiology of enteropathogens identified potential pathogens for public health interventions.
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-04-10
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2478277-4
ISSN	1757-4749
ISSN	1757-4749
DOI	10.1186/s13099-024-00599-8
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Article ; Online: Estimating the global impact of rotavirus vaccines on child mortality.

Clark, Andrew / Mahmud, Sarwat / Debellut, Frederic / Pecenka, Clint / Jit, Mark / Perin, Jamie / Tate, Jacqueline / Soeters, Heidi M / Black, Robert E / Santosham, Mathuram / Sanderson, Colin

International journal of infectious diseases : IJID : official publication of the International Society for Infectious Diseases

2023 Volume 137, Page(s) 90–97

Abstract: Objectives: We estimated the global impact of rotavirus vaccines on deaths among children under five years old by year.: Methods: We used a proportionate outcomes model with a finely disaggregated age structure to estimate rotavirus deaths prevented ... ...

Abstract	Objectives: We estimated the global impact of rotavirus vaccines on deaths among children under five years old by year. Methods: We used a proportionate outcomes model with a finely disaggregated age structure to estimate rotavirus deaths prevented by vaccination over the period 2006-2019 in 186 countries. We ran deterministic and probabilistic uncertainty analyses and compared our estimates to surveillance-based estimates in 20 countries. Results: We estimate that rotavirus vaccines prevented 139,000 under-five rotavirus deaths (95% uncertainty interval 98,000-201,000) in the period 2006-2019. In 2019 alone, rotavirus vaccines prevented 15% (95% uncertainty interval 11-21%) of under-five rotavirus deaths (0.5% of child mortality). Assuming global use of rotavirus vaccines and coverage equivalent to other co-administered vaccines could prevent 37% of under-five rotavirus deaths (1.2% of child mortality). Our estimates were sensitive to the choice of rotavirus mortality burden data and several vaccine impact modeling assumptions. The World Health Organization's recommendation to remove age restrictions in 2012 could have prevented up to 17,000 rotavirus deaths in the period 2013-2019. Our modeled estimates of rotavirus vaccine impact were broadly consistent with estimates from post-vaccination surveillance sites. Conclusion: Rotavirus vaccines have made a valuable contribution to global public health. Enhanced rotavirus mortality prevention strategies are needed in countries with high mortality in under-5-year-old children.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Infant ; Child, Preschool ; Diarrhea/epidemiology ; Rotavirus Infections/epidemiology ; Rotavirus Infections/prevention & control ; Rotavirus Vaccines ; Child Mortality ; Rotavirus ; Vaccination
Chemical Substances	Rotavirus Vaccines
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-10-18
Publishing country	Canada
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1331197-9
ISSN	1878-3511 ; 1201-9712
ISSN (online)	1878-3511
ISSN	1201-9712
DOI	10.1016/j.ijid.2023.10.005
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Article ; Online: Two Cases of Meningococcal Disease in One Family Separated by an Extended Period - Colorado, 2015-2016.

Spence Davizon, Emily / Soeters, Heidi M / Miller, Lisa / Barnes, Meghan

MMWR. Morbidity and mortality weekly report

2018 Volume 67, Issue 12, Page(s) 366–368

Abstract: On April 26, 2015, a case of meningococcal disease in a woman aged 75 years was reported to the Colorado Department of Public Health and Environment (CDPHE). As part of routine public health investigation and control activities, all seven family contacts ...

Abstract	On April 26, 2015, a case of meningococcal disease in a woman aged 75 years was reported to the Colorado Department of Public Health and Environment (CDPHE). As part of routine public health investigation and control activities, all seven family contacts of the patient were advised to receive appropriate postexposure prophylaxis (PEP) to eradicate nasopharyngeal carriage of meningococci and prevent secondary disease (1), although it is not known whether the family contacts complied with PEP recommendations. Fifteen months later, on June 6, 2016, CDPHE was notified that the grandchild of the first patient, a male infant aged 3 months who lived with the first patient, also had meningococcal disease. The infant's immediate family members (parents and one sibling) were among family contacts for whom PEP was recommended in 2015. Neisseria meningitidis isolates from both patients were found to be serogroup C at the CDPHE laboratory. Whole genome sequence (WGS) analysis at CDC found that both isolates had the same sequence type, indicating close genetic relatedness. These cases represent a possible instance of meningococcal disease transmission within a family, despite appropriate PEP recommendations and with a long interval between cases.
MeSH term(s)	Aged ; Colorado ; Family ; Female ; Humans ; Infant ; Male ; Meningococcal Infections/diagnosis ; Meningococcal Infections/microbiology ; Meningococcal Infections/prevention & control ; Neisseria meningitidis, Serogroup C/isolation & purification ; Post-Exposure Prophylaxis
Language	English
Publishing date	2018-03-30
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Case Reports ; Journal Article
ZDB-ID	412775-4
ISSN	1545-861X ; 0149-2195
ISSN (online)	1545-861X
ISSN	0149-2195
DOI	10.15585/mmwr.mm6712a4
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Article ; Online: Secondary Cases of Invasive Disease Caused by Encapsulated and Nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae - 10 U.S. Jurisdictions, 2011-2018.

Oliver, Sara E / Rubis, Amy B / Soeters, Heidi M / Reingold, Arthur / Barnes, Meghan / Petit, Susan / Moore, Ashley E / Harrison, Lee H / Lynfield, Ruth / Angeles, Kathy M / Burzlaff, Kari E / Thomas, Ann / Schaffner, William / Marjuki, Henju / Wang, Xin / Hariri, Susan

MMWR. Morbidity and mortality weekly report

2023 Volume 72, Issue 15, Page(s) 386–390

Abstract: Haemophilus influenzae (Hi) can cause meningitis and other serious invasive disease. Encapsulated Hi is classified into six serotypes (a-f) based on chemical composition of the polysaccharide capsule; unencapsulated strains are termed nontypeable Hi ( ... ...

Abstract	Haemophilus influenzae (Hi) can cause meningitis and other serious invasive disease. Encapsulated Hi is classified into six serotypes (a-f) based on chemical composition of the polysaccharide capsule; unencapsulated strains are termed nontypeable Hi (NTHi). Hi serotype b (Hib) was the most common cause of bacterial meningitis in children in the pre-Hib vaccine era, and secondary transmission of Hi among children (e.g., to household contacts and in child care facilities) (1,2) led to the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP) recommendation for antibiotic chemoprophylaxis to prevent Hib disease in certain circumstances.* High Hib vaccination coverage since the 1990s has substantially reduced Hib disease, and other serotypes now account for most Hi-associated invasive disease in the United States (3). Nevertheless, CDC does not currently recommend chemoprophylaxis for contacts of persons with invasive disease caused by serotypes other than Hib and by NTHi (non-b Hi). Given this changing epidemiology, U.S. surveillance data were reviewed to investigate secondary cases of invasive disease caused by Hi. The estimated prevalence of secondary transmission was 0.32% among persons with encapsulated Hi disease (≤60 days of one another) and 0.12% among persons with NTHi disease (≤14 days of one another). Isolates from all Hi case pairs were genetically closely related, and all patients with potential secondary infection had underlying medical conditions. These results strongly suggest that secondary transmission of non-b Hi occurs. Expansion of Hi chemoprophylaxis recommendations might be warranted to control invasive Hi disease in certain populations in the United States, but further analysis is needed to evaluate the potential benefits against the risks, such as increased antibiotic use.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; United States/epidemiology ; Infant ; Haemophilus influenzae ; Incidence ; Haemophilus Infections/epidemiology ; Haemophilus Infections/prevention & control ; Haemophilus Infections/microbiology ; Serogroup ; Anti-Bacterial Agents/therapeutic use ; Haemophilus Vaccines
Chemical Substances	Anti-Bacterial Agents ; Haemophilus Vaccines
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-04-14
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	412775-4
ISSN	1545-861X ; 0149-2195
ISSN (online)	1545-861X
ISSN	0149-2195
DOI	10.15585/mmwr.mm7215a2
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Article ; Online: Epidemiology of Invasive Nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae Disease-United States, 2008-2019.

Oliver, Sara E / Rubis, Amy B / Soeters, Heidi M / Reingold, Arthur / Barnes, Meghan / Petit, Susan / Farley, Monica M / Harrison, Lee H / Como-Sabetti, Kathy / Khanlian, Sarah A / Wester, Rachel / Thomas, Ann / Schaffner, William / Marjuki, Henju / Wang, Xin / Hariri, Susan

Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America

2023 Volume 76, Issue 11, Page(s) 1889–1895

Abstract: Background: Nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae (NTHi) is the most common cause of invasive H. influenzae disease in the United States (US). We evaluated the epidemiology of invasive NTHi disease in the US, including among pregnant women, infants, and ... ...

Abstract	Background: Nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae (NTHi) is the most common cause of invasive H. influenzae disease in the United States (US). We evaluated the epidemiology of invasive NTHi disease in the US, including among pregnant women, infants, and people with human immunodeficiency virus (PWH). Methods: We used data from population- and laboratory-based surveillance for invasive H. influenzae disease conducted in 10 sites to estimate national incidence of NTHi, and to describe epidemiology in women of childbearing age, infants aged ≤30 days (neonates), and PWH living in the surveillance catchment areas. H. influenzae isolates were sent to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention for species confirmation, serotyping, and whole genome sequencing of select isolates. Results: During 2008-⁠2019, average annual NTHi incidence in the US was 1.3/100 000 population overall, 5.8/100 000 among children aged <1 year, and 10.2/100 000 among adults aged ≥80 years. Among 225 reported neonates with NTHi, 92% had a positive culture within the first week of life and 72% were preterm. NTHi risk was 23 times higher among preterm compared to term neonates, and 5.6 times higher in pregnant/postpartum compared to nonpregnant women. More than half of pregnant women with invasive NTHi had loss of pregnancy postinfection. Incidence among PWH aged ≥13 years was 9.5 cases per 100 000, compared to 1.1 cases per 100 000 for non-PWH (rate ratio, 8.3 [95% confidence interval, 7.1-9.7]; P < .0001). Conclusions: NTHi causes substantial invasive disease, especially among older adults, pregnant/postpartum women, and neonates. Enhanced surveillance and evaluation of targeted interventions to prevent perinatal NTHi infections may be warranted.
MeSH term(s)	Infant ; Child ; Infant, Newborn ; Humans ; Female ; Pregnancy ; United States/epidemiology ; Aged ; Haemophilus influenzae/genetics ; Haemophilus Infections/epidemiology ; Serotyping ; Incidence ; Postpartum Period ; Infant, Newborn, Diseases
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-02-19
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.
ZDB-ID	1099781-7
ISSN	1537-6591 ; 1058-4838
ISSN (online)	1537-6591
ISSN	1058-4838
DOI	10.1093/cid/ciad054
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Article ; Online: Supporting evidence-based rotavirus vaccine introduction decision-making and implementation: Lessons from 8 Gavi-eligible countries.

Jennings, Mary Carol / Sauer, Molly / Manchester, Chloe / Soeters, Heidi M / Shimp, Lora / Hyde, Terri B / Parashar, Umesh / Burgess, Craig / Castro, Brian / Hossein, Iqbal / Othepa, Michel / Payne, Daniel C / Tate, Jacqueline E / Walldorf, Jenny / Privor-Dumm, Lois / Richart, Vanessa / Santosham, Mathuram

Vaccine

2023 Volume 42, Issue 1, Page(s) 8–16

Abstract: Despite the 2009 World Health Organization recommendation that all countries introduce rotavirus vaccines (RVV) into their national immunization programs, just 81 countries had introduced RVV by the end of 2015, leaving millions of children at risk for ... ...

Abstract	Despite the 2009 World Health Organization recommendation that all countries introduce rotavirus vaccines (RVV) into their national immunization programs, just 81 countries had introduced RVV by the end of 2015, leaving millions of children at risk for rotavirus morbidity and mortality. In response, the Rotavirus Accelerated Vaccine Introduction Network (RAVIN) was established in 2016 to provide support to eight Gavi-eligible countries that had yet to make an RVV introduction decision and/or had requested technical assistance with RVV preparations: Afghanistan, Bangladesh, Benin, Cambodia, Democratic Republic of Congo, Lao People's Democratic Republic, Myanmar, and Nepal. During 2016-2020, RAVIN worked with country governments and partners to support evidence-based immunization decision-making, RVV introduction preparation and implementation, and multilateral coordination. By the September 2020 program close-out, five of the eight RAVIN focus countries successfully introduced RVV into their routine childhood immunization programs. We report on the RAVIN approach, describe how the project responded collectively to an evolving RVV product landscape, synthesize common characteristics of the RAVIN country experiences, highlight key lessons learned, and outline the unfinished agenda to inform future new vaccine introduction efforts by countries and global partners.
MeSH term(s)	Child ; Humans ; Developing Countries ; Immunization Programs ; Rotavirus ; Rotavirus Infections/epidemiology ; Rotavirus Infections/prevention & control ; Rotavirus Vaccines/administration & dosage ; Vaccination ; World Health Organization
Chemical Substances	Rotavirus Vaccines
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-12-01
Publishing country	Netherlands
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	605674-x
ISSN	1873-2518 ; 0264-410X
ISSN (online)	1873-2518
ISSN	0264-410X
DOI	10.1016/j.vaccine.2023.11.035
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Article ; Online: Corrigendum to: Pneumococcal Meningitis Outbreaks in Africa, 2000-2018: Systematic Literature Review and Meningitis Surveillance Database Analyses.

Franklin, Kat / Kwambana-Adams, Brenda / Lessa, Fernanda C / Soeters, Heidi M / Cooper, Laura / Coldiron, Matthew E / Mwenda, Jason M / Antonio, Martin / Nakamura, Tomoka / Novak, Ryan / Cohen, Adam L

The Journal of infectious diseases

2022 Volume 227, Issue 10, Page(s) 1220

Language	English
Publishing date	2022-02-04
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Published Erratum
ZDB-ID	3019-3
ISSN	1537-6613 ; 0022-1899
ISSN (online)	1537-6613
ISSN	0022-1899
DOI	10.1093/infdis/jiac002
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Article ; Online: Oropharyngeal microbiome of a college population following a meningococcal disease outbreak.

Retchless, Adam C / Kretz, Cécilia B / Rodriguez-Rivera, Lorraine D / Chen, Alexander / Soeters, Heidi M / Whaley, Melissa J / Wang, Xin

Scientific reports

2020 Volume 10, Issue 1, Page(s) 632

Abstract: Asymptomatic oropharyngeal carriage of Neisseria meningitidis peaks in adolescence and young adulthood. Following a meningococcal disease outbreak at a U.S. college, we profiled the oropharyngeal microbiomes of 158 students to identify associations ... ...

Abstract	Asymptomatic oropharyngeal carriage of Neisseria meningitidis peaks in adolescence and young adulthood. Following a meningococcal disease outbreak at a U.S. college, we profiled the oropharyngeal microbiomes of 158 students to identify associations between bacterial community composition and meningococcal carriage or risk factors for carriage, including male gender, smoking, and frequent social mixing. Metagenomic shotgun sequencing identified 268 bacterial taxa at the genus or species level, with Streptococcus, Veillonella, and Rothia species being most abundant. Microbiome composition showed weak associations with meningococcal carriage and risk factors for carriage. N. meningitidis abundance was positively correlated with that of Fusobacterium nucleatum, consistent with hypothesized propionic acid cross-feeding. Additional species had positive abundance correlations with N. meningitidis, including Aggregatibacter aphrophilus, Campylobacter rectus, Catonella morbi, Haemophilus haemolyticus, and Parvimonas micra. N. meningitidis abundance was negatively correlated with unidentified Veillonella species. Several of these species are commonly found in dental plaque, while N. meningitidis is primarily found in the pharynx, suggesting that ecological interactions extend throughout the oral cavity. Although risk factors for meningococcal carriage do not strongly impact most bacterial species in the oropharynx, variation in the upper respiratory tract microbiome may create conditions that are more or less favorable for N. meningitidis carriage.
MeSH term(s)	Adolescent ; Carrier State ; Disease Outbreaks ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Meningitis, Meningococcal/epidemiology ; Meningitis, Meningococcal/microbiology ; Microbial Interactions ; Microbiota/physiology ; Neisseria meningitidis ; Oropharynx/microbiology ; Risk Factors ; Sex Factors ; Smoking ; Social Behavior ; Streptococcus ; Students ; Universities ; Veillonella ; Young Adult
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-01-20
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2615211-3
ISSN	2045-2322 ; 2045-2322
ISSN (online)	2045-2322
ISSN	2045-2322
DOI	10.1038/s41598-020-57450-8
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Article ; Online: Head-to-head comparison of the immunogenicity of RotaTeq and Rotarix rotavirus vaccines and factors associated with seroresponse in infants in Bangladesh: a randomised, controlled, open-label, parallel, phase 4 trial.

Velasquez-Portocarrero, Daniel E / Wang, Xiaoqian / Cortese, Margaret M / Snider, Cynthia J / Anand, Abhijeet / Costantini, Veronica P / Yunus, Md / Aziz, Asma B / Haque, Warda / Parashar, Umesh / Sisay, Zufan / Soeters, Heidi M / Hyde, Terri B / Jiang, Baoming / Zaman, Khalequ

The Lancet. Infectious diseases

2022 Volume 22, Issue 11, Page(s) 1606–1616

Abstract: Background: A head-to-head comparison of the most widely used oral rotavirus vaccines has not previously been done, particularly in a high child mortality setting. We therefore aimed to compare the immunogenicity of RotaTeq (Merck, Kenilworth, NJ, USA) ... ...

Abstract	Background: A head-to-head comparison of the most widely used oral rotavirus vaccines has not previously been done, particularly in a high child mortality setting. We therefore aimed to compare the immunogenicity of RotaTeq (Merck, Kenilworth, NJ, USA) and Rotarix (GlaxoSmithKline, Rixensart, Belgium) rotavirus vaccines in the same population and examined risk factors for low seroresponse. Methods: We did a randomised, controlled, open-label, parallel, phase 4 trial in urban slums within Mirpur and Mohakahli (Dhaka, Bangladesh). We enrolled eligible participants who were healthy infants aged 6 weeks and full-term (ie, >37 weeks' gestation). We randomly assigned participants (1:1), using block randomisation via a computer-generated electronic allocation with block sizes of 8, 16, 24, and 32, to receive either three RotaTeq vaccine doses at ages 6, 10, and 14 weeks or two Rotarix doses at ages 6 and 10 weeks without oral poliovirus vaccine. Coprimary outcomes were the rotavirus-specific IgA seroconversion in both vaccines, and the comparison of the rotavirus IgA seroconversion by salivary secretor phenotype in each vaccine arm. Seroconversion at age 18 weeks in the RotaTeq arm and age of 14 weeks in the Rotarix arm was used to compare the complete series of each vaccine. Seroconversion at age 14 weeks was used to compare two RotaTeq doses versus two Rotarix doses. Seroconversion at age 22 weeks was used to compare the immunogenicity at the same age after receiving the full vaccine series. Safety was assessed for the duration of study participation. This study is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT02847026. Findings: Between Sept 1 and Dec 8, 2016, a total of 1144 infants were randomly assigned to either the RotaTeq arm (n=571) or Rotarix arm (n=573); 1080 infants (531 in the RotaTeq arm and 549 in the Rotarix arm) completed the study. Rotavirus IgA seroconversion 4 weeks after the full series occurred in 390 (73%) of 531 infants age 18 weeks in the RotaTeq arm and 354 (64%) of 549 infants age 14 weeks in the Rotarix arm (p=0·01). At age 14 weeks, 4 weeks after two doses, RotaTeq recipients had lower seroconversion than Rotarix recipients (268 [50%] of 531 vs 354 [64%] of 549; p<0·0001). However, at age 22 weeks, RotaTeq recipients had higher seroconversion than Rotarix recipients (394 [74%] of 531 vs 278 [51%] of 549; p<0·0001). Among RotaTeq recipients, seroconversion 4 weeks after the third dose was higher than after the second dose (390 [73%] of 531 vs 268 [50%] of 531; p<0·0001]. In the RotaTeq arm, rotavirus IgA seroconversion was lower in non-secretors than in secretors at ages 14 weeks (p=0·08), 18 weeks (p=0·01), and 22 weeks (p=0·02). Similarly, in the Rotarix arm, rotavirus IgA seroconversion was lower in non-secretors than in secretors at ages 14 weeks (p=0·02) and 22 weeks (p=0·01). 65 (11%) of 571 infants had adverse events in the RotaTeq arm compared with 63 (11%) of 573 infants in the Rotarix arm; no adverse events were attributed to the use of either vaccine. One death due to aspiration occurred in the RotaTeq arm, which was not related to the vaccine. Interpretation: RotaTeq induced a higher magnitude and longer duration of rotavirus IgA response than Rotarix in this high child mortality setting. Additional vaccination strategies should be evaluated to overcome the suboptimal performance of current oral rotavirus vaccines in these settings. Funding: US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Rotavirus Vaccines ; Bangladesh ; Vaccines, Attenuated ; Antibodies, Viral ; Immunoglobulin A ; Rotavirus Infections/prevention & control ; Rotavirus ; Immunogenicity, Vaccine
Chemical Substances	RotaTeq ; RIX4414 vaccine ; Rotavirus Vaccines ; Vaccines, Attenuated ; Antibodies, Viral ; Immunoglobulin A
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-08-09
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Randomized Controlled Trial ; Clinical Trial, Phase IV ; Journal Article ; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.
ZDB-ID	2061641-7
ISSN	1474-4457 ; 1473-3099
ISSN (online)	1474-4457
ISSN	1473-3099
DOI	10.1016/S1473-3099(22)00368-1
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Kategorien

Order via subito

Full text online

More links

Kategorien

In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

Order via subito