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  1. Article ; Online: Has the share of the working life expectancy that is spent receiving a partial or full disability pension changed in Finland over the period 2005-2018? A longitudinal register-based study.

    Leinonen, Taina / Viikari-Juntura, Eira / Solovieva, Svetlana

    BMJ open

    2022  Volume 12, Issue 7, Page(s) e061085

    Abstract: Objectives: The share of the overall working careers that is spent receiving disability benefits is unclear. We examined trends in full-time equivalent working life expectancy (FTE-WLE) among those with and without receiving a permanent full or partial ... ...

    Abstract Objectives: The share of the overall working careers that is spent receiving disability benefits is unclear. We examined trends in full-time equivalent working life expectancy (FTE-WLE) among those with and without receiving a permanent full or partial disability pension in Finland, where certain amounts of work are allowed while receiving these pensions.
    Design: Longitudinal register-based study.
    Setting: Finnish population.
    Participants: Nationally representative 70% samples of the working-age population.
    Outcome: Using the Sullivan method, we examined annual FTE-WLE at age 45, truncated at age 63, in 2005-2018 by disability pension status. Full-time equivalent work participation was based on combined information on annual employment days and work income.
    Results: Compared with those with no disability pension, disability pensioners had a larger relative (full and partial pensioners of both genders) and absolute (male partial pensioners) increase in the FTE-WLE between 2005 and 2018. In 2018, the FTE-WLE of both male and female full disability pensioners was around 3.5 months, being 6 months at its highest in musculoskeletal diseases. The FTE-WLE of partial disability pensioners was around 6.5 and 8 years among men and women, respectively, being around half of the corresponding expectancies of non-pensioners. The FTE-WLE of partial disability pensioners was considerable in musculoskeletal diseases and mental disorders and even higher in other diseases. Full disability pensioners spent a disproportionately large time in manual work, increasingly in the private sector, and partial pensioners in the public sector with lower non-manual and manual work, increasingly with the former. At the population level, the share of the FTE-WLE that is spent receiving a disability pension remained relatively small.
    Conclusions: Increased work participation while receiving a disability pension is likely to have had important implications for prolonging individual working careers but only minor contribution to the length of working lives at the population level.
    MeSH term(s) Disabled Persons ; Female ; Finland/epidemiology ; Humans ; Life Expectancy ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Musculoskeletal Diseases/epidemiology ; Pensions
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-07-14
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 2599832-8
    ISSN 2044-6055 ; 2044-6055
    ISSN (online) 2044-6055
    ISSN 2044-6055
    DOI 10.1136/bmjopen-2022-061085
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  2. Article ; Online: New Supramolecular Hypoxia-Sensitive Complexes Based on Azo-Thiacalixarene.

    Galieva, Farida / Khalifa, Mohamed / Akhmetzyanova, Zaliya / Mironova, Diana / Burilov, Vladimir / Solovieva, Svetlana / Antipin, Igor

    Molecules (Basel, Switzerland)

    2023  Volume 28, Issue 2

    Abstract: Hypoxia accompanies many human diseases and is an indicator of tumor aggressiveness. Therefore, measuring hypoxia in vivo is clinically important. Recently, complexes of calix[4]arene were identified as potent hypoxia markers. The subject of this paper ... ...

    Abstract Hypoxia accompanies many human diseases and is an indicator of tumor aggressiveness. Therefore, measuring hypoxia in vivo is clinically important. Recently, complexes of calix[4]arene were identified as potent hypoxia markers. The subject of this paper is new hypoxia-sensitive host-guest complexes of thiacalix[4]arene. We report a new high-yield synthesis method for thiacalix[4]arene with four anionic carboxyl azo fragments on the upper rim (thiacalixarene
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-01-04
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1413402-0
    ISSN 1420-3049 ; 1431-5165 ; 1420-3049
    ISSN (online) 1420-3049
    ISSN 1431-5165 ; 1420-3049
    DOI 10.3390/molecules28020466
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    In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

    Zs.MO 81: Show issues

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  3. Article: Contribution of compositional changes in the workforce to sickness absence trends in Finland.

    Salonen, Laura / Hartikainen, Elli / Solovieva, Svetlana / Viikari-Juntura, Eira / Leinonen, Taina

    SSM - population health

    2023  Volume 24, Page(s) 101525

    Abstract: In this study, we assessed whether the long-term decrease in sickness absences in Finland is explained by observed and unobserved compositional changes in the workforce. Utilizing register-based panel data on Finnish wage earners aged 30-62, we examined ... ...

    Abstract In this study, we assessed whether the long-term decrease in sickness absences in Finland is explained by observed and unobserved compositional changes in the workforce. Utilizing register-based panel data on Finnish wage earners aged 30-62, we examined the annual onset of compensated sickness absence (granted after 10 weekdays) in the period 2005-2016. We applied random effects models adjusting for changes in the observed sociodemographic and occupational characteristics of the study population. We also applied fixed effects models, with corrections of the estimates for cohort ageing, to additionally account for the unobserved time-invariant characteristics of the study population over the years. Of the observed characteristics, increasing educational level partly explained the decreasing trend in sickness absences, and the further contribution of the occupational class was weak. Additionally, accounting for unobserved individual characteristics further explained the decreasing trend in sickness absences among those aged 30-47 years and led to a reverse increasing trend among those aged 48-62 years irrespective of sex and employment sector. Particularly for those over 47 years old, the decrease in sickness absences appeared to be more strongly influenced by compositional changes in characteristics that are established before fully entering the labour market - such as educational level as well as unmeasured individual characteristics that remain unchanged after childhood and early adulthood - than in the work environment or other factors contributing at working age. Sickness absence trends fluctuated during economic cycles, which did not appear to be explained by immediate changes in the observed or unobserved characteristics. Different mechanisms are likely to explain long-term sickness absence trends and trends around economic cycles. Attempts to improve work ability and labour market inclusion in long-term should rely more on increasing educational levels among the workforce and on interventions carried out early during the life course.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-09-27
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ISSN 2352-8273
    ISSN 2352-8273
    DOI 10.1016/j.ssmph.2023.101525
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  4. Article ; Online: Working life expectancy and working years lost among users of part- and full-time sickness absence in Finland.

    Hartikainen, Elli / Solovieva, Svetlana / Viikari-Juntura, Eira / Leinonen, Taina

    Scandinavian journal of work, environment & health

    2022  Volume 49, Issue 1, Page(s) 23–32

    Abstract: Objectives: The use of part-time sickness absence (pSA) instead of full-time sickness absence (fSA) is known to increase work participation. Yet, its effect on the total length of working lives remains unclear. We carried out a quasi-experiment to ... ...

    Abstract Objectives: The use of part-time sickness absence (pSA) instead of full-time sickness absence (fSA) is known to increase work participation. Yet, its effect on the total length of working lives remains unclear. We carried out a quasi-experiment to assess the impact of using pSA versus fSA on the length of working lives.
    Methods: We used a register-based 70% random sample of the working-age population living in Finland on 31 December 2007 to (i) form propensity-score-matched groups of users of pSA and fSA and (ii) calculate their working life expectancy (WLE) and working years lost (WYL). We applied the Sullivan method based on daily measured time spent at work and other labor market statuses, followed up over a four-year period until the end of year 2017. The study population consisted of private and public sector employees with SA due to mental and musculoskeletal disorders, ie, the diagnostic groups where pSA has been primarily used.
    Results: Among both genders, the pSA group had a significantly higher WLE at age 30 than the fSA group, with larger differences seen in mental disorders compared to musculoskeletal diseases and in the private versus public sector. Overall, the pSA group had fewer WYL due to unemployment and disability retirement but more expected years working with partial disability benefits than the fSA group.
    Conclusions: Based on beneficial working career effects, the use of pSA instead of fSA should always be recommended for persons with mental or musculoskeletal disorders where feasible.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Male ; Female ; Adult ; Finland/epidemiology ; Employment ; Unemployment ; Life Expectancy ; Musculoskeletal Diseases/epidemiology ; Sick Leave
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-08-26
    Publishing country Finland
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 191563-0
    ISSN 1795-990X ; 0355-3140
    ISSN (online) 1795-990X
    ISSN 0355-3140
    DOI 10.5271/sjweh.4054
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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    In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

    Zs.A 1153: Show issues Location:
    Je nach Verfügbarkeit (siehe Angabe bei Bestand)
    bis Jg. 1994: Bestellungen von Artikeln über das Online-Bestellformular
    Jg. 1995 - 2021: Lesesall (1.OG)
    ab Jg. 2022: Lesesaal (EG)

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  5. Article ; Online: Does previous sickness absence affect work participation after vocational labour market training? A difference-in-differences propensity score matching approach.

    Salonen, Laura / Solovieva, Svetlana / Kauhanen, Antti / Hartikainen, Elli / Viikari-Juntura, Eira / Leinonen, Taina

    European journal of public health

    2023  Volume 33, Issue 6, Page(s) 1071–1079

    Abstract: Background: Reduced work ability is relatively common among job seekers and it can hinder future labour market attachment. A commonly used measure to increase employability is the use of active labour market programmes. While vocational labour market ... ...

    Abstract Background: Reduced work ability is relatively common among job seekers and it can hinder future labour market attachment. A commonly used measure to increase employability is the use of active labour market programmes. While vocational labour market training (LMT) has been shown to be an effective way to increase work participation among job seekers, there is still uncertainty about how LMT works in different population groups, for example, among persons with a work disability history.
    Methods: We used nationally representative Finnish register data on 16 062 LMT participants in 2008-2015 aged 25-59 with a history of sickness absence (SA) and propensity score matched participants without such history. For matching, we used information on sociodemographic and work-related factors. We used difference-in-differences analysis to investigate the differential changes in work participation before and after LMT between those with and those without SA history.
    Results: Having a history of SA was associated with a lower gain in work participation after LMT, but the magnitude varied by sex, employment history and follow-up time. In women, having a history of SA contributed to 3.9-6.2 percentage points smaller increase in work participation 1-3 years after LMT, depending on the employment history. In men, the corresponding numbers were 2.0-4.3 percentage points. The results were more pronounced if the SA was due to mental disorders.
    Conclusions: The results indicate that work disability, especially due to mental disorders, can hamper work participation after LMT and should be considered when planning employment-enhancing measures for job seekers.
    MeSH term(s) Male ; Humans ; Female ; Propensity Score ; Employment ; Mental Disorders/epidemiology ; Disabled Persons ; Occupations
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-08-27
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 1129243-x
    ISSN 1464-360X ; 1101-1262
    ISSN (online) 1464-360X
    ISSN 1101-1262
    DOI 10.1093/eurpub/ckad154
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    In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

    Zs.A 3499: Show issues Location:
    Je nach Verfügbarkeit (siehe Angabe bei Bestand)
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    Jg. 1995 - 2021: Lesesall (2.OG)
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  6. Article ; Online: DFT study of the conformation, hydrogen bonds, IR, Raman, and NMR spectra of 1,3-disubstituted p-tert-butylthiacalix[4]arenes.

    Furer, Victor L / Vandyukov, Alexandr E / Ovsyannikov, Alexandr S / Solovieva, Svetlana E / Antipin, Igor S

    Journal of molecular modeling

    2023  Volume 29, Issue 4, Page(s) 97

    Abstract: Context: The molecular design of spatially preorganized molecules is one of the critical issues in organic chemistry. Molecular recognition and multipoint binding define them. They organize nanoscale assemblies and devices and stably form host-guest ... ...

    Abstract Context: The molecular design of spatially preorganized molecules is one of the critical issues in organic chemistry. Molecular recognition and multipoint binding define them. They organize nanoscale assemblies and devices and stably form host-guest inclusion complexes. Not only is this kind of research important in theory but it also has applications. They are used to create the basic elements of sensory devices: elements of cellular electronics, functional nanofilms and coatings, molecular switches, etc. Thiacalix[4]arenes are a useful molecular platform for constructing a wide range of preorganized receptor structures. This research aims to examine the structure and spectra of distally substituted para-tert-butylthiacalix[4]arene aliphatic (C1) and aromatic (C2) esters. The comparison of the spectra of C1, C2, and C3 makes it possible to reveal the structures and H-bonds of these compounds. The structures and H-bonds of these compounds can be seen by analyzing the spectra of C1, C2, and C3. Calculations were made for the spectra of various C1 and C2 molecule conformations. The most stable conformation for C1 and C2 molecules is a distorted cone 2 (DC2) with the same ester group orientation. The pinched cone (PC) conformation is the most unstable. Thiacalixarene molecules' cavities shrink from 3.61 to 3.57 Å when aromatic ester groups take the place of aliphatic ester groups. Two OH groups are linked to an oxygen atom in the DC1 and DC2 conformations of the C1 and C2 molecules. H-bonds in C1 and C2 molecules affect the supramolecular characteristics of these molecules. A drop in ionization energy and increases in electron affinity, chemical potential, softness, electrophilicity index, and dipole moment occur when aliphatic esters are replaced with aromatic ones.
    Methods: Disubstituted aliphatic and aromatic esters' IR, Raman, and NMR spectra have been investigated. The DFT/B3LYP/6-311G(d,p) method and the GAUSSIAN 09W software were used to determine the vibrational spectra of molecules and optimize their geometry. A gauge-independent (GIAO) approach was used to determine chemical shifts in the NMR spectra with respect to tetramethylsilane.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-03-15
    Publishing country Germany
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1284729-X
    ISSN 0948-5023 ; 1610-2940
    ISSN (online) 0948-5023
    ISSN 1610-2940
    DOI 10.1007/s00894-023-05505-8
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  7. Article ; Online: DFT study of the conformation, hydrogen bonds, IR, Raman, and NMR spectra of 1,3-disubstituted p-tert-butylthiacalix[4]arenes

    Furer, Victor L. / Vandyukov, Alexandr E. / Ovsyannikov, Alexandr S. / Solovieva, Svetlana E. / Antipin, Igor S.

    J Mol Model. 2023 Apr., v. 29, no. 4 p.97-97

    2023  

    Abstract: CONTEXT: The molecular design of spatially preorganized molecules is one of the critical issues in organic chemistry. Molecular recognition and multipoint binding define them. They organize nanoscale assemblies and devices and stably form host–guest ... ...

    Abstract CONTEXT: The molecular design of spatially preorganized molecules is one of the critical issues in organic chemistry. Molecular recognition and multipoint binding define them. They organize nanoscale assemblies and devices and stably form host–guest inclusion complexes. Not only is this kind of research important in theory but it also has applications. They are used to create the basic elements of sensory devices: elements of cellular electronics, functional nanofilms and coatings, molecular switches, etc. Thiacalix[4]arenes are a useful molecular platform for constructing a wide range of preorganized receptor structures. This research aims to examine the structure and spectra of distally substituted para-tert-butylthiacalix[4]arene aliphatic (C1) and aromatic (C2) esters. The comparison of the spectra of C1, C2, and C3 makes it possible to reveal the structures and H-bonds of these compounds. The structures and H-bonds of these compounds can be seen by analyzing the spectra of C1, C2, and C3. Calculations were made for the spectra of various C1 and C2 molecule conformations. The most stable conformation for C1 and C2 molecules is a distorted cone 2 (DC2) with the same ester group orientation. The pinched cone (PC) conformation is the most unstable. Thiacalixarene molecules’ cavities shrink from 3.61 to 3.57 Å when aromatic ester groups take the place of aliphatic ester groups. Two OH groups are linked to an oxygen atom in the DC1 and DC2 conformations of the C1 and C2 molecules. H-bonds in C1 and C2 molecules affect the supramolecular characteristics of these molecules. A drop in ionization energy and increases in electron affinity, chemical potential, softness, electrophilicity index, and dipole moment occur when aliphatic esters are replaced with aromatic ones. METHODS: Disubstituted aliphatic and aromatic esters’ IR, Raman, and NMR spectra have been investigated. The DFT/B3LYP/6-311G(d,p) method and the GAUSSIAN 09W software were used to determine the vibrational spectra of molecules and optimize their geometry. A gauge-independent (GIAO) approach was used to determine chemical shifts in the NMR spectra with respect to tetramethylsilane.
    Keywords Lewis acids ; aromatic hydrocarbons ; computer software ; electronics ; energy ; geometry ; hardness ; hydrogen ; ionization ; models ; nanosheets ; organic chemistry ; oxygen
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2023-04
    Size p. 97.
    Publishing place Springer Berlin Heidelberg
    Document type Article ; Online
    ZDB-ID 1284729-X
    ISSN 0948-5023 ; 1610-2940
    ISSN (online) 0948-5023
    ISSN 1610-2940
    DOI 10.1007/s00894-023-05505-8
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  8. Article ; Online: Associations of employment sector and occupational exposures with full and part-time sickness absence: random and fixed effects analyses on panel data.

    Hartikainen, Elli / Solovieva, Svetlana / Viikari-Juntura, Eira / Leinonen, Taina

    Scandinavian journal of work, environment & health

    2021  Volume 48, Issue 2, Page(s) 148–157

    Abstract: Objective: We aimed to investigate the influence of unobserved individual characteristics in explaining the effects of work-related factors on full (fSA) and part-time sickness absence (pSA).: Methods: We used register-based panel data for the period ...

    Abstract Objective: We aimed to investigate the influence of unobserved individual characteristics in explaining the effects of work-related factors on full (fSA) and part-time sickness absence (pSA).
    Methods: We used register-based panel data for the period 2005-2016 on a 70% random sample of the Finnish working-age population. The relationships between employment sector and occupational exposures (% exposed to physically heavy work and job control score based on job exposure matrices) and the annual onset of fSA and pSA were investigated among men and women. First, random effects (RE) models were applied controlling for observed sociodemographic factors and then fixed effects (FE) models that examine within-individual changes over time and thereby further account for unobserved time-invariant individual characteristics.
    Results: In the RE analyses, public employment sector, physically heavy work and lower job control each increased the use of fSA and pSA among both genders. When unobserved individual characteristics were controlled for with the FE models, the effects on fSA attenuated. For pSA, the effects of employment sector and physical heaviness of work among women even reversed. The effect of lower job control on pSA remained especially among women.
    Conclusions: The role of individuals' unobserved characteristics in explaining the effects of work-related factors on SA should not be neglected. The effects of work-related factors are likely to be overestimated when using traditional approaches that do not account for unobserved confounding, ie, selection of individuals with a high likelihood of SA into particular work environments.
    MeSH term(s) Employment ; Female ; Finland/epidemiology ; Humans ; Male ; Occupational Exposure ; Public Sector ; Sick Leave ; Workplace
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-12-01
    Publishing country Finland
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 191563-0
    ISSN 1795-990X ; 0355-3140
    ISSN (online) 1795-990X
    ISSN 0355-3140
    DOI 10.5271/sjweh.4003
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    In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

    Zs.A 1153: Show issues Location:
    Je nach Verfügbarkeit (siehe Angabe bei Bestand)
    bis Jg. 1994: Bestellungen von Artikeln über das Online-Bestellformular
    Jg. 1995 - 2021: Lesesall (1.OG)
    ab Jg. 2022: Lesesaal (EG)

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  9. Article ; Online: New Carboxytriazolyl Amphiphilic Derivatives of Calix[4]arenes: Aggregation and Use in CuAAC Catalysis.

    Mironova, Diana / Bogdanov, Ilshat / Akhatova, Aliya / Sultanova, Elza / Garipova, Ramilya / Khannanov, Artur / Burilov, Vladimir / Solovieva, Svetlana / Antipin, Igor

    International journal of molecular sciences

    2023  Volume 24, Issue 23

    Abstract: This work focuses on the synthesis of a new series of amphiphilic derivatives of calix[4]arenes for the copper(I)-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition (CuAAC) reaction. The aggregation properties of synthesized calix[4]arenes were studied using various ... ...

    Abstract This work focuses on the synthesis of a new series of amphiphilic derivatives of calix[4]arenes for the copper(I)-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition (CuAAC) reaction. The aggregation properties of synthesized calix[4]arenes were studied using various techniques (fluorescence spectroscopy, nanoparticle tracking analysis, and dynamic light scattering). Increasing the length of the alkyl substituent led to stronger hydrophobic interactions, which increased polydispersity in solution. The zwitterionic nature of the synthesized calix[4]arenes was established using different types of dyes (Eosin Y for anionic structures and Rhodamine 6G for cationic structures). The synthesized calix[4]arenes were used as organic stabilizers for CuI. The catalytic efficiency of CuI-calix[4]arene was compared with that of the phase transfer catalyst tetrabutylammonium bromide (TBAB) and the surfactant sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS). For all calixarenes, the selectivity in the CuAAC reaction was higher than that observed when TBAB and SDS were estimated.
    MeSH term(s) Azides/chemistry ; Cations ; Dynamic Light Scattering ; Micelles ; Catalysis ; Calixarenes/chemistry
    Chemical Substances Azides ; Cations ; Micelles ; Calixarenes (130036-26-9)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-11-23
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2019364-6
    ISSN 1422-0067 ; 1422-0067 ; 1661-6596
    ISSN (online) 1422-0067
    ISSN 1422-0067 ; 1661-6596
    DOI 10.3390/ijms242316663
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  10. Article ; Online: Labour market trajectories after part-time sickness absence: a nationwide cohort study from Finland.

    Hartikainen, Elli / Salonen, Laura / Solovieva, Svetlana / Blomgren, Jenni / Böckerman, Petri / Viikari-Juntura, Eira / Leinonen, Taina

    BMJ open

    2023  Volume 13, Issue 10, Page(s) e075584

    Abstract: Objectives: The use of part-time sickness absence (pSA) enables return to part-time work from full sickness absence. However, subsequent labour market outcomes of pSA users depend on various individual and work-related characteristics. We investigated ... ...

    Abstract Objectives: The use of part-time sickness absence (pSA) enables return to part-time work from full sickness absence. However, subsequent labour market outcomes of pSA users depend on various individual and work-related characteristics. We investigated labour market paths of private and public sector employees after having a pSA spell. Moreover, we examined individual and work-related factors associated with following them.
    Design: Longitudinal register-based cohort study.
    Setting: Finnish employed population.
    Participants: 9896 receivers of partial sickness allowance aged 45-56 in the years 2010-2014.
    Outcome: We constructed labour market trajectories based on the proportion of time spent in various labour market statuses measured over 3 years after the end of the pSA spell using multiresponse trajectory analysis. We then examined how different individual and work-related factors were associated with assignment to the different trajectory groups using logistic regression analyses.
    Results: The majority of the pSA users followed paths where work participation was consistently elevated (Sustained Work group, 40.4%), or only slightly reduced (Slightly Reduced Work group, 31.6%). Moreover, more than 1/10th of the users followed a path where receiving partial work disability benefits became predominant (Partial Work Disability group, 12.5%). The rest followed paths where other non-employment (Other Non-Employed group, 7.8%) or full work disability (Full Work Disability group, 7.7%) became the prevailing status. Lower educational level and income predicted assignment to all other groups than the Sustained Work group. Additional predictors were identified, yet these differed between the trajectory groups.
    Conclusions: The majority of the pSA users maintained a connection to working life, yet weaker working life paths were also identified. The paths were determined by various individual and work-related factors that can help health professionals and employers to better target support measures particularly towards individuals whose connection to working life is at risk to weaken after the use of pSA.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Cohort Studies ; Finland ; Sick Leave ; Employment ; Occupations
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-10-31
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 2599832-8
    ISSN 2044-6055 ; 2044-6055
    ISSN (online) 2044-6055
    ISSN 2044-6055
    DOI 10.1136/bmjopen-2023-075584
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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