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  1. Article ; Online: The stiff RhoAd from mevalonate to mutant p53.

    Sorrentino, Giovanni / Mantovani, Fiamma / Del Sal, Giannino

    Cell death and differentiation

    2018  Volume 25, Issue 4, Page(s) 645–647

    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Humans ; Mevalonic Acid/metabolism ; Mutation ; Tumor Suppressor Protein p53/genetics ; Tumor Suppressor Protein p53/metabolism ; rhoA GTP-Binding Protein/genetics ; rhoA GTP-Binding Protein/metabolism
    Chemical Substances TP53 protein, human ; Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 ; RHOA protein, human (124671-05-2) ; rhoA GTP-Binding Protein (EC 3.6.5.2) ; Mevalonic Acid (S5UOB36OCZ)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2018-03-06
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Review
    ZDB-ID 1225672-9
    ISSN 1476-5403 ; 1350-9047
    ISSN (online) 1476-5403
    ISSN 1350-9047
    DOI 10.1038/s41418-018-0091-x
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article ; Online: Hepatic lipid overload triggers biliary epithelial cell activation via E2Fs.

    Yildiz, Ece / El Alam, Gaby / Perino, Alessia / Jalil, Antoine / Denechaud, Pierre-Damien / Huber, Katharina / Fajas, Lluis / Auwerx, Johan / Sorrentino, Giovanni / Schoonjans, Kristina

    eLife

    2023  Volume 12

    Abstract: During severe or chronic hepatic injury, biliary epithelial cells (BECs) undergo rapid activation into proliferating progenitors, a crucial step required to establish a regenerative process known as ductular reaction (DR). While DR is a hallmark of ... ...

    Abstract During severe or chronic hepatic injury, biliary epithelial cells (BECs) undergo rapid activation into proliferating progenitors, a crucial step required to establish a regenerative process known as ductular reaction (DR). While DR is a hallmark of chronic liver diseases, including advanced stages of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), the early events underlying BEC activation are largely unknown. Here, we demonstrate that BECs readily accumulate lipids during high-fat diet feeding in mice and upon fatty acid treatment in BEC-derived organoids. Lipid overload induces metabolic rewiring to support the conversion of adult cholangiocytes into reactive BECs. Mechanistically, we found that lipid overload activates the E2F transcription factors in BECs, which drive cell cycle progression while promoting glycolytic metabolism. These findings demonstrate that fat overload is sufficient to reprogram BECs into progenitor cells in the early stages of NAFLD and provide new insights into the mechanistic basis of this process, revealing unexpected connections between lipid metabolism, stemness, and regeneration.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Mice ; Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease/metabolism ; Liver/metabolism ; Epithelial Cells/metabolism ; Cell Division ; Lipids
    Chemical Substances Lipids
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-03-06
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 2687154-3
    ISSN 2050-084X ; 2050-084X
    ISSN (online) 2050-084X
    ISSN 2050-084X
    DOI 10.7554/eLife.81926
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article ; Online: p53 orchestrates calcium signaling in vivo.

    Sorrentino, Giovanni / Comel, Anna / Del Sal, Giannino

    Cell cycle (Georgetown, Tex.)

    2015  Volume 14, Issue 9, Page(s) 1343–1344

    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Apoptosis ; Calcium/metabolism ; Calcium Signaling/drug effects ; Endoplasmic Reticulum/drug effects ; Endoplasmic Reticulum/metabolism ; Humans ; Inositol 1,4,5-Trisphosphate Receptors/metabolism ; Mitochondria/drug effects ; Mitochondria/metabolism ; Mitochondrial Swelling ; Neoplasms/drug therapy ; Neoplasms/genetics ; Neoplasms/metabolism ; Neoplasms/pathology ; Photochemotherapy/methods ; Sarcoplasmic Reticulum Calcium-Transporting ATPases/metabolism ; Tumor Suppressor Protein p53/genetics ; Tumor Suppressor Protein p53/metabolism
    Chemical Substances Inositol 1,4,5-Trisphosphate Receptors ; TP53 protein, human ; Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 ; Sarcoplasmic Reticulum Calcium-Transporting ATPases (EC 3.6.3.8) ; Calcium (SY7Q814VUP)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2015-04-16
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Editorial
    ZDB-ID 2146183-1
    ISSN 1551-4005 ; 1538-4101 ; 1554-8627
    ISSN (online) 1551-4005
    ISSN 1538-4101 ; 1554-8627
    DOI 10.1080/15384101.2015.1024583
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  4. Article ; Online: Mechano-modulatory synthetic niches for liver organoid derivation.

    Sorrentino, Giovanni / Rezakhani, Saba / Yildiz, Ece / Nuciforo, Sandro / Heim, Markus H / Lutolf, Matthias P / Schoonjans, Kristina

    Nature communications

    2020  Volume 11, Issue 1, Page(s) 3416

    Abstract: The recent demonstration that primary cells from the liver can be expanded in vitro as organoids holds enormous promise for regenerative medicine and disease modelling. The use of three-dimensional (3D) cultures based on ill-defined and potentially ... ...

    Abstract The recent demonstration that primary cells from the liver can be expanded in vitro as organoids holds enormous promise for regenerative medicine and disease modelling. The use of three-dimensional (3D) cultures based on ill-defined and potentially immunogenic matrices, however, hampers the translation of liver organoid technology into real-life applications. We here use chemically defined hydrogels for the efficient derivation of both mouse and human hepatic organoids. Organoid growth is found to be highly stiffness-sensitive, a mechanism independent of acto-myosin contractility and requiring instead activation of the Src family of kinases (SFKs) and yes-associated protein 1 (YAP). Aberrant matrix stiffness, on the other hand, results in compromised proliferative capacity. Finally, we demonstrate the establishment of biopsy-derived human liver organoids without the use of animal components at any step of the process. Our approach thus opens up exciting perspectives for the establishment of protocols for liver organoid-based regenerative medicine.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Hydrogels ; Liver/cytology ; Liver/metabolism ; Organoids/cytology ; Organoids/metabolism ; Tissue Engineering/methods ; Transcription Factors/metabolism ; src-Family Kinases/metabolism
    Chemical Substances Hydrogels ; Transcription Factors ; src-Family Kinases (EC 2.7.10.2)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-07-10
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 2553671-0
    ISSN 2041-1723 ; 2041-1723
    ISSN (online) 2041-1723
    ISSN 2041-1723
    DOI 10.1038/s41467-020-17161-0
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  5. Article ; Online: Bile Acids Signal via TGR5 to Activate Intestinal Stem Cells and Epithelial Regeneration.

    Sorrentino, Giovanni / Perino, Alessia / Yildiz, Ece / El Alam, Gaby / Bou Sleiman, Maroun / Gioiello, Antimo / Pellicciari, Roberto / Schoonjans, Kristina

    Gastroenterology

    2020  Volume 159, Issue 3, Page(s) 956–968.e8

    Abstract: Background & aims: Renewal and patterning of the intestinal epithelium is coordinated by intestinal stem cells (ISCs); dietary and metabolic factors provide signals to the niche that control ISC activity. Bile acids (BAs), metabolites in the gut, signal ...

    Abstract Background & aims: Renewal and patterning of the intestinal epithelium is coordinated by intestinal stem cells (ISCs); dietary and metabolic factors provide signals to the niche that control ISC activity. Bile acids (BAs), metabolites in the gut, signal nutrient availability by activating the G protein-coupled bile acid receptor 1 (GPBAR1, also called TGR5). TGR5 is expressed in the intestinal epithelium, but it is not clear how its activation affects ISCs and regeneration of the intestinal epithelium. We studied the role of BAs and TGR5 in intestinal renewal, and regulation of ISC function in mice and intestinal organoids.
    Methods: We derived intestinal organoids from wild-type mice and Tgr5
    Results: BAs and TGR5 agonists promoted growth of intestinal organoids. Administration of cholecystokinin to mice resulted in acute release of BAs into the intestinal lumen and increased proliferation of the intestinal epithelium. BAs and Tgr5 expression in ISCs were required for homeostatic intestinal epithelial renewal and fate specification, and for regeneration after colitis induction. Tgr5
    Conclusions: BAs promote regeneration of the intestinal epithelium via activation of TGR5 in ISCs, resulting in activation of SRC and YAP and activation of their target genes. Release of endogenous BAs in the intestinal lumen is sufficient to promote ISC renewal and drives regeneration in response to injury.
    MeSH term(s) Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing/antagonists & inhibitors ; Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing/metabolism ; Adult Stem Cells/physiology ; Animals ; Bile Acids and Salts/metabolism ; Cell Cycle Proteins/antagonists & inhibitors ; Cell Cycle Proteins/metabolism ; Cell Self Renewal/drug effects ; Cell Self Renewal/physiology ; Cells, Cultured ; Cholic Acids/pharmacology ; Colitis/chemically induced ; Colitis/pathology ; Dextran Sulfate/toxicity ; Disease Models, Animal ; Epithelial Cells ; Humans ; Intestinal Mucosa/cytology ; Intestinal Mucosa/drug effects ; Intestinal Mucosa/pathology ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Knockout ; Organoids ; Primary Cell Culture ; Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled/agonists ; Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled/genetics ; Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled/metabolism ; Regeneration/drug effects ; Regeneration/physiology ; Signal Transduction/drug effects ; Signal Transduction/physiology ; src-Family Kinases/antagonists & inhibitors ; src-Family Kinases/metabolism
    Chemical Substances 6alpha-ethyl-23(S)-methylcholic acid ; Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing ; Bile Acids and Salts ; Cell Cycle Proteins ; Cholic Acids ; Gpbar1 protein, mouse ; Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled ; Yap1 protein, mouse ; Dextran Sulfate (9042-14-2) ; src-Family Kinases (EC 2.7.10.2)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-05-30
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 80112-4
    ISSN 1528-0012 ; 0016-5085
    ISSN (online) 1528-0012
    ISSN 0016-5085
    DOI 10.1053/j.gastro.2020.05.067
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  6. Article ; Online: GDA, a web-based tool for Genomics and Drugs integrated analysis.

    Caroli, Jimmy / Sorrentino, Giovanni / Forcato, Mattia / Del Sal, Giannino / Bicciato, Silvio

    Nucleic acids research

    2018  Volume 46, Issue W1, Page(s) W148–W156

    Abstract: Several major screenings of genetic profiling and drug testing in cancer cell lines proved that the integration of genomic portraits and compound activities is effective in discovering new genetic markers of drug sensitivity and clinically relevant ... ...

    Abstract Several major screenings of genetic profiling and drug testing in cancer cell lines proved that the integration of genomic portraits and compound activities is effective in discovering new genetic markers of drug sensitivity and clinically relevant anticancer compounds. Despite most genetic and drug response data are publicly available, the availability of user-friendly tools for their integrative analysis remains limited, thus hampering an effective exploitation of this information. Here, we present GDA, a web-based tool for Genomics and Drugs integrated Analysis that combines drug response data for >50 800 compounds with mutations and gene expression profiles across 73 cancer cell lines. Genomic and pharmacological data are integrated through a modular architecture that allows users to identify compounds active towards cancer cell lines bearing a specific genomic background and, conversely, the mutational or transcriptional status of cells responding or not-responding to a specific compound. Results are presented through intuitive graphical representations and supplemented with information obtained from public repositories. As both personalized targeted therapies and drug-repurposing are gaining increasing attention, GDA represents a resource to formulate hypotheses on the interplay between genomic traits and drug response in cancer. GDA is freely available at http://gda.unimore.it/.
    MeSH term(s) Antineoplastic Agents/pharmacology ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Genomics/methods ; Humans ; Internet ; Mutation ; Neoplasms/genetics ; Neoplasms/metabolism ; Protein Kinase Inhibitors/pharmacology ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins B-raf/antagonists & inhibitors ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins B-raf/genetics ; Signal Transduction ; Software ; Transcriptional Activation ; Transcriptome/drug effects
    Chemical Substances Antineoplastic Agents ; Protein Kinase Inhibitors ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins B-raf (EC 2.7.11.1)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2018-05-25
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 186809-3
    ISSN 1362-4962 ; 1362-4954 ; 0301-5610 ; 0305-1048
    ISSN (online) 1362-4962 ; 1362-4954
    ISSN 0301-5610 ; 0305-1048
    DOI 10.1093/nar/gky434
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  7. Article ; Online: Sterol regulatory element binding protein 1 couples mechanical cues and lipid metabolism.

    Bertolio, Rebecca / Napoletano, Francesco / Mano, Miguel / Maurer-Stroh, Sebastian / Fantuz, Marco / Zannini, Alessandro / Bicciato, Silvio / Sorrentino, Giovanni / Del Sal, Giannino

    Nature communications

    2019  Volume 10, Issue 1, Page(s) 1326

    Abstract: Sterol regulatory element binding proteins (SREBPs) are a family of transcription factors that regulate lipid biosynthesis and adipogenesis by controlling the expression of several enzymes required for cholesterol, fatty acid, triacylglycerol and ... ...

    Abstract Sterol regulatory element binding proteins (SREBPs) are a family of transcription factors that regulate lipid biosynthesis and adipogenesis by controlling the expression of several enzymes required for cholesterol, fatty acid, triacylglycerol and phospholipid synthesis. In vertebrates, SREBP activation is mainly controlled by a complex and well-characterized feedback mechanism mediated by cholesterol, a crucial bio-product of the SREBP-activated mevalonate pathway. In this work, we identified acto-myosin contractility and mechanical forces imposed by the extracellular matrix (ECM) as SREBP1 regulators. SREBP1 control by mechanical cues depends on geranylgeranyl pyrophosphate, another key bio-product of the mevalonate pathway, and impacts on stem cell fate in mouse and on fat storage in Drosophila. Mechanistically, we show that activation of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) by ECM stiffening and geranylgeranylated RhoA-dependent acto-myosin contraction inhibits SREBP1 activation. Our results unveil an unpredicted and evolutionary conserved role of SREBP1 in rewiring cell metabolism in response to mechanical cues.
    MeSH term(s) AMP-Activated Protein Kinases/metabolism ; Actins/metabolism ; Adipogenesis ; Animals ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Cytoskeleton/metabolism ; Drosophila melanogaster/metabolism ; Evolution, Molecular ; Extracellular Matrix/metabolism ; Humans ; Lipid Metabolism ; Lipids/biosynthesis ; Mechanotransduction, Cellular ; Mice ; Myosins/metabolism ; Protein Prenylation ; Sterol Regulatory Element Binding Protein 1/metabolism ; Transcription, Genetic ; rhoA GTP-Binding Protein/metabolism
    Chemical Substances Actins ; Lipids ; Sterol Regulatory Element Binding Protein 1 ; AMP-Activated Protein Kinases (EC 2.7.11.31) ; Myosins (EC 3.6.4.1) ; rhoA GTP-Binding Protein (EC 3.6.5.2)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2019-03-22
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 2553671-0
    ISSN 2041-1723 ; 2041-1723
    ISSN (online) 2041-1723
    ISSN 2041-1723
    DOI 10.1038/s41467-019-09152-7
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  8. Article ; Online: Regulation of mitochondrial apoptosis by Pin1 in cancer and neurodegeneration.

    Sorrentino, Giovanni / Comel, Anna / Mantovani, Fiamma / Del Sal, Giannino

    Mitochondrion

    2014  Volume 19 Pt A, Page(s) 88–96

    Abstract: Mitochondria are sensitive and efficient organelles that regulate essential biological processes including: energy metabolism, decoding and transduction of intracellular signals, and balance between cell death and survival. Of note, dysfunctions in ... ...

    Abstract Mitochondria are sensitive and efficient organelles that regulate essential biological processes including: energy metabolism, decoding and transduction of intracellular signals, and balance between cell death and survival. Of note, dysfunctions in mitochondrial physiology are a general hallmark of cancer cells, leading to transformation-related features such as altered cellular metabolism, survival under stress conditions and reduced apoptotic response to chemotherapy. Mitochondrial apoptosis is a finely regulated process that derives from activation of multiple signaling networks. A crucial biochemical requirement for transducing pro-apoptotic stimuli is represented by kinase-dependent phosphorylation cascades. In this context a pivotal role is played by the prolyl-isomerase Pin1, which translates Ser/Thr-Pro phosphorylation into conformational changes able to modify the activities of its substrates. In this review we will discuss the impact of Pin1 in regulating various aspects of apoptosis in different biological contexts with particular emphasis on cancer and neurodegenerative diseases.
    MeSH term(s) Apoptosis/physiology ; Gene Expression Regulation/physiology ; Humans ; Mitochondria/physiology ; NIMA-Interacting Peptidylprolyl Isomerase ; Neoplasms/metabolism ; Neurodegenerative Diseases/metabolism ; Peptidylprolyl Isomerase/genetics ; Peptidylprolyl Isomerase/metabolism
    Chemical Substances NIMA-Interacting Peptidylprolyl Isomerase ; PIN1 protein, human (EC 5.2.1.8) ; Peptidylprolyl Isomerase (EC 5.2.1.8)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2014-11
    Publishing country Netherlands
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Review
    ZDB-ID 2056923-3
    ISSN 1872-8278 ; 1567-7249
    ISSN (online) 1872-8278
    ISSN 1567-7249
    DOI 10.1016/j.mito.2014.08.003
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  9. Article ; Online: The cytoplasmic side of p53's oncosuppressive activities.

    Comel, Anna / Sorrentino, Giovanni / Capaci, Valeria / Del Sal, Giannino

    FEBS letters

    2014  Volume 588, Issue 16, Page(s) 2600–2609

    Abstract: The tumor suppressor p53 is a transcription factor that in response to a plethora of stress stimuli activates a complex and context-dependent cellular response ultimately protecting genome integrity. In the last two decades, the discovery of cytoplasmic ... ...

    Abstract The tumor suppressor p53 is a transcription factor that in response to a plethora of stress stimuli activates a complex and context-dependent cellular response ultimately protecting genome integrity. In the last two decades, the discovery of cytoplasmic p53 localization has driven an intense research on its extra-nuclear functions. The ability to induce apoptosis acting directly at mitochondria and the related mechanisms of p53 localization and translocation in the cytoplasm and mitochondria have been dissected. However, recent works indicate the involvement of cytoplasmic p53 also in biological processes such as autophagy, metabolism, oxidative stress and drug response. This review will focus on the mechanisms of cytoplasmic p53 activation and the pathophysiological role of p53's transcription-independent functions, highlighting possible therapeutic implications.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Cell Death ; Cytoplasm/metabolism ; Humans ; Neoplasms/metabolism ; Neoplasms/pathology ; Neoplasms/physiopathology ; Oxidative Stress ; Protein Transport ; Tumor Suppressor Protein p53/metabolism
    Chemical Substances Tumor Suppressor Protein p53
    Language English
    Publishing date 2014-08-19
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Review
    ZDB-ID 212746-5
    ISSN 1873-3468 ; 0014-5793
    ISSN (online) 1873-3468
    ISSN 0014-5793
    DOI 10.1016/j.febslet.2014.04.015
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  10. Article ; Online: L-Cell Differentiation Is Induced by Bile Acids Through GPBAR1 and Paracrine GLP-1 and Serotonin Signaling.

    Lund, Mari Lilith / Sorrentino, Giovanni / Egerod, Kristoffer Lihme / Kroone, Chantal / Mortensen, Brynjulf / Knop, Filip Krag / Reimann, Frank / Gribble, Fiona M / Drucker, Daniel J / de Koning, Eelco J P / Schoonjans, Kristina / Bäckhed, Fredrik / Schwartz, Thue W / Petersen, Natalia

    Diabetes

    2020  Volume 69, Issue 4, Page(s) 614–623

    Abstract: Glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) mimetics are effective drugs for treatment of type 2 diabetes, and there is consequently extensive interest in increasing endogenous GLP-1 secretion and L-cell abundance. Here we identify G-protein-coupled bile acid ... ...

    Abstract Glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) mimetics are effective drugs for treatment of type 2 diabetes, and there is consequently extensive interest in increasing endogenous GLP-1 secretion and L-cell abundance. Here we identify G-protein-coupled bile acid receptor 1 (GPBAR1) as a selective regulator of intestinal L-cell differentiation. Lithocholic acid and the synthetic GPBAR1 agonist, L3740, selectively increased L-cell density in mouse and human intestinal organoids and elevated GLP-1 secretory capacity. L3740 induced expression of
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Bile Acids and Salts/pharmacology ; Cell Differentiation/drug effects ; Enteroendocrine Cells/drug effects ; Enteroendocrine Cells/physiology ; Female ; Glucagon-Like Peptide 1/metabolism ; Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor/metabolism ; Humans ; Jejunum/drug effects ; Jejunum/metabolism ; Male ; Mice ; Paracrine Communication/drug effects ; Paracrine Communication/physiology ; Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled/metabolism ; Serotonin/metabolism ; Signal Transduction/drug effects
    Chemical Substances Bile Acids and Salts ; GPBAR1 protein, human ; Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor ; Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled ; Serotonin (333DO1RDJY) ; Glucagon-Like Peptide 1 (89750-14-1)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-02-10
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 80085-5
    ISSN 1939-327X ; 0012-1797
    ISSN (online) 1939-327X
    ISSN 0012-1797
    DOI 10.2337/db19-0764
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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