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  1. Article ; Online: An Overview on Mushroom Polysaccharides: Health-promoting Properties, Prebiotic and Gut Microbiota Modulation Effects and Structure-function Correlation.

    Araújo-Rodrigues, Helena / Sousa, Ana Sofia / Relvas, João Bettencourt / Tavaria, Freni K / Pintado, Manuela

    Carbohydrate polymers

    2024  Volume 333, Page(s) 121978

    Abstract: Mushroom polysaccharides are recognized as "biological response modifiers". Besides several bioactivities, a growing interest in their prebiotic potential has been raised due to the gut microbiota modulation potential. This review comprehensively ... ...

    Abstract Mushroom polysaccharides are recognized as "biological response modifiers". Besides several bioactivities, a growing interest in their prebiotic potential has been raised due to the gut microbiota modulation potential. This review comprehensively summarizes mushroom polysaccharides' biological properties, structure-function relationship, and underlying mechanisms. It provides a recent overview of the key findings in the field (2018-2024). Key findings and limitations on structure-function correlation are discussed. Although most studies focus on β-glucans or extracts, α-glucans and chitin have gained interest. Prebiotic capacity has been associated with α-glucans and chitin, while antimicrobial and wound healing potential is attributed to chitin. However, further research is of utmost importance. Human fecal fermentation is the most reported approach to assess prebiotic potential, indicating impacts on intestinal biological, mechanical, chemical and immunological barriers. Gut microbiota dysbiosis has been directly connected with intestinal, cardiovascular, metabolic, and neurological diseases. Concerning gut microbiota modulation, animal experiments have suggested proinflammatory cytokines reduction and redox balance re-establishment. Most literature focused on the anticancer and immunomodulatory potential. However, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, antiviral, antidiabetic, hypocholesterolemic, antilipidemic, antioxidant, and neuroprotective properties are discussed. A significant overview of the gaps and research directions in synergistic effects, underlying mechanisms, structure-function correlation, clinical trials and scientific data is also given.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Humans ; Prebiotics ; Gastrointestinal Microbiome ; Agaricales ; Polysaccharides/pharmacology ; Polysaccharides/chemistry ; Chitin/pharmacology ; Glucans/pharmacology ; Anti-Infective Agents/pharmacology
    Chemical Substances Prebiotics ; Polysaccharides ; Chitin (1398-61-4) ; Glucans ; Anti-Infective Agents
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-02-24
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 1501516-6
    ISSN 1879-1344 ; 0144-8617
    ISSN (online) 1879-1344
    ISSN 0144-8617
    DOI 10.1016/j.carbpol.2024.121978
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  2. Article ; Online: The Health-promoting Potential of Edible Mushroom Proteins.

    Sousa, Ana Sofia / Araújo-Rodrigues, Helena / Pintado, Manuela Estevez

    Current pharmaceutical design

    2022  Volume 29, Issue 11, Page(s) 804–823

    Abstract: Edible mushrooms have been classified as "next-generation food" due to their high nutritional value coupled with their biological and functional potential. The most extensively studied and reported mushroom macromolecules are polysaccharides. However, ... ...

    Abstract Edible mushrooms have been classified as "next-generation food" due to their high nutritional value coupled with their biological and functional potential. The most extensively studied and reported mushroom macromolecules are polysaccharides. However, macrofungi proteins and peptides are also a representative and significant bioactive group. Several factors such as species, substrate composition and harvest time significantly impact the mushroom protein content, typically ranging between 19 and 35% on a dry weight basis. Proteins work based on their shape and structure. Numerous extraction methods, including chemical and non-conventional, and their implications on protein yield and stability will be discussed. Beyond their biological potential, a great advantage of mushroom proteins is their uniqueness, as they often differ from animal, vegetable, and microbial proteins. According to recently published reports, the most relevant mushroom bioactive proteins and peptides include lectins, fungal immunomodulatory proteins, ubiquitin-like proteins, and proteins possessing enzymatic activity such as ribonucleases laccases, and other enzymes and ergothioneine. These are reported as antioxidant, antiviral, antifungal, antibacterial, antihypertensive, immunomodulatory, antitumour, antihypercholesterolemic or antihyperlipidemic, antidiabetic and anti-inflammatory properties, which improved proteins and peptides research interest and contributed to the increase of mushroom market value. This review provides an overview of the most relevant biochemical and biological properties of the main protein groups in edible mushrooms, explicitly focusing on their biomedical potential. Although mushrooms are a rich source of various proteins, many of these molecules have yet to be identified and characterised. Accordingly, it is crucial to identify and characterise new macromolecules of macrofungi origin, which opens an opportunity for further investigation to identify new bioactives for food, nutraceutical, or medicinal applications.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Agaricales/chemistry ; Antioxidants ; Lectins ; Dietary Supplements ; Vegetables
    Chemical Substances Antioxidants ; Lectins
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-12-25
    Publishing country United Arab Emirates
    Document type Review ; Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 1304236-1
    ISSN 1873-4286 ; 1381-6128
    ISSN (online) 1873-4286
    ISSN 1381-6128
    DOI 10.2174/1381612829666221223103756
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  3. Article ; Online: Phenylethyl Isothiocyanate: A Bioactive Agent for Gastrointestinal Health.

    Coscueta, Ezequiel R / Sousa, Ana Sofia / Reis, Celso A / Pintado, Maria Manuela

    Molecules (Basel, Switzerland)

    2022  Volume 27, Issue 3

    Abstract: The incidence of gastrointestinal pathologies (cancer in particular) has increased progressively, with considerable morbidity and mortality, and a high economic impact on the healthcare system. The dietary intake of natural phytochemicals with certain ... ...

    Abstract The incidence of gastrointestinal pathologies (cancer in particular) has increased progressively, with considerable morbidity and mortality, and a high economic impact on the healthcare system. The dietary intake of natural phytochemicals with certain bioactive properties has shown therapeutic and preventive effects on these pathologies. This includes the cruciferous vegetable derivative phenylethyl isothiocyanate (PEITC), a bioactive compound present in some vegetables, such as watercress. Notably, PEITC has antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, bactericidal, and anticarcinogenic properties. This review summarized the current knowledge on the role of PEITC as a potential natural nutraceutical or an adjuvant against oxidative/inflammatory-related disorders in the gastrointestinal tract. We also discussed the safe and recommended dose of PEITC. In addition, we established a framework to guide the research and development of sustainable methodologies for obtaining and stabilizing this natural molecule for industrial use. With PEITC, there is great potential to develop a viable strategy for preventing cancer and other associated diseases of the gastrointestinal tract. However, this topic still needs more scientific studies to help develop new PEITC products for the nutraceutical, pharmaceutical, or food industries.
    MeSH term(s) Anti-Inflammatory Agents/pharmacology ; Antioxidants/pharmacology ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Dietary Supplements ; Gastrointestinal Tract/drug effects ; Humans ; Isothiocyanates/pharmacology
    Chemical Substances Anti-Inflammatory Agents ; Antioxidants ; Isothiocyanates ; phenethyl isothiocyanate (6U7TFK75KV)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-01-25
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 1413402-0
    ISSN 1420-3049 ; 1431-5165 ; 1420-3049
    ISSN (online) 1420-3049
    ISSN 1431-5165 ; 1420-3049
    DOI 10.3390/molecules27030794
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  4. Article ; Online: Chitosan-olive oil microparticles for phenylethyl isothiocyanate delivery: Optimal formulation.

    Coscueta, Ezequiel R / Sousa, Ana Sofia / Reis, Celso A / Pintado, Manuela

    PloS one

    2021  Volume 16, Issue 5, Page(s) e0248257

    Abstract: Phenylethyl isothiocyanate (PEITC), a chemopreventive compound, is highly reactive due to its considerably electrophilic nature. Furthermore, it is hydrophobic and has low stability, bioavailability and bioaccessibility. This restricts its use in ... ...

    Abstract Phenylethyl isothiocyanate (PEITC), a chemopreventive compound, is highly reactive due to its considerably electrophilic nature. Furthermore, it is hydrophobic and has low stability, bioavailability and bioaccessibility. This restricts its use in biomedical and nutraceutical or food applications. Thus, the encapsulation of this agent has the function of overcoming these limitations, promoting its solubility in water, and stabilizing it, preserving its bioactivity. So, polymeric microparticles were developed using chitosan-olive oil-PEITC systems. For this, an optimisation process (factors: olive oil: chitosan ratio and PEITC: chitosan ratio) was implemented through a 3-level factorial experimental design. The responses were: the particle size, zeta-potential, polydisperse index, and entrapment efficiency. The optimal formulation was further characterised by FTIR and biocompatibility in Caco-2 cells. Optimal conditions were olive oil: chitosan and PEITC: chitosan ratios of 1.46 and 0.25, respectively. These microparticles had a size of 629 nm, a zeta-potential of 32.3 mV, a polydispersity index of 0.329, and entrapment efficiency of 98.49%. We found that the inclusion process affected the optical behaviour of the PEITC, as well as the microparticles themselves and their interaction with the medium. Furthermore, the microparticles did not show cytotoxicity within the therapeutic values of PEITC. Thus, PEITC was microencapsulated with characteristics suitable for potential biomedical, nutraceutical and food applications.
    MeSH term(s) Chitosan/chemistry ; Drug Carriers/chemistry ; Drug Compounding ; Isothiocyanates/chemistry ; Microspheres ; Olive Oil/chemistry ; Solubility ; Water/chemistry
    Chemical Substances Drug Carriers ; Isothiocyanates ; Olive Oil ; Water (059QF0KO0R) ; phenethyl isothiocyanate (6U7TFK75KV) ; Chitosan (9012-76-4)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-05-06
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ISSN 1932-6203
    ISSN (online) 1932-6203
    DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0248257
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  5. Article: Post-infective bronchiectasis by measles prior infection - A case report.

    Braz, Maria / Ferreira, Ana Cristina / Sousa, Ana Sofia / Barata, Fernando

    Respiratory medicine case reports

    2019  Volume 26, Page(s) 203–205

    Abstract: Bronchiectasis (BE) refers to an abnormal and irreversible dilatation of the bronchi. Post-infectious etiology still remains an important and frequent cause. Associated the anti-vaccine movement, measles resurfaces and with all the outcomes that comes ... ...

    Abstract Bronchiectasis (BE) refers to an abnormal and irreversible dilatation of the bronchi. Post-infectious etiology still remains an important and frequent cause. Associated the anti-vaccine movement, measles resurfaces and with all the outcomes that comes from the disease. The present case illustrates one of the possible complication of measles - BE, underlining the importance of vaccination.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2019-01-18
    Publishing country England
    Document type Case Reports
    ZDB-ID 2666110-X
    ISSN 2213-0071
    ISSN 2213-0071
    DOI 10.1016/j.rmcr.2019.01.016
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  6. Article ; Online: Triceps skinfold compressibility in hospitalized patients

    Sousa, Ana Sofia / Pichel, Fernando / Amaral, Teresa F

    Nutricion hospitalaria

    2017  Volume 34, Issue 3, Page(s) 619–625

    Abstract: Objective: To explore triceps skinfold (TSF) compressibility and its associated factors among hospitalized patients.: Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among hospitalized adult patients. Evolution of tissue compressibility during two ... ...

    Abstract Objective: To explore triceps skinfold (TSF) compressibility and its associated factors among hospitalized patients.
    Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among hospitalized adult patients. Evolution of tissue compressibility during two seconds was registered and 120 TSF values were obtained using a digital calliper. Compressibility was determined according to the difference between the initial value and the final value (TSF difference) and according to time (τ). Multivariable linear regression models were performed in order to identify factors associated with TSF compressibility.
    Results: One hundred and six patients (30.2% aged ≥ 65 years) composed the study sample. Compressibility based on TSF difference was independently associated with TSF thickness (regression coefficient, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.38, 0.01-0.05, p = 0.002) and nutritional risk (regression coefficient, 95% CI = 0.23, 0.12-1.23, p = 0.018), but time of compressibility (τ) was not significantly associated with any of the studied variables.
    Conclusions: Among a sample of hospitalized patients, undernutrition risk and higher TSF thickness were factors independently associated with higher compressibility assessed by the difference between the initial and final TSF value. Time of compressibility (τ) was not affected by any of the studied factors.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2017--05
    Publishing country Spain
    Document type English Abstract ; Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1481223-x
    ISSN 1699-5198 ; 0212-1611
    ISSN (online) 1699-5198
    ISSN 0212-1611
    DOI 10.20960/nh.479
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    Zs.A 5078: Show issues Location:
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  7. Article ; Online: Effects of Posture and Body Mass Index on Body Girth Assessment.

    Sousa, Ana Sofia / Fonseca, Isabel / Pichel, Fernando / Amaral, Teresa Freitas

    Nutrition in clinical practice : official publication of the American Society for Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition

    2016  Volume 31, Issue 5, Page(s) 690–694

    Abstract: Background: The present study aimed to evaluate the effect of posture on body girth assessment among hospitalized adults and older adults. We further explored the influence of body mass index (BMI) on this effect.: Materials and methods: A cross- ... ...

    Abstract Background: The present study aimed to evaluate the effect of posture on body girth assessment among hospitalized adults and older adults. We further explored the influence of body mass index (BMI) on this effect.
    Materials and methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among hospitalized adult patients. Arm, waist, hip, and calf girths were obtained for each patient in standing and supine positions. Body girths were obtained in the 2 body positions, and differences were compared according to BMI normal-weight and overweight categories.
    Results: In total, 123 patients (27.6% aged ≥65 years) composed the study sample. Significant differences were found between measurements obtained in standing and supine positions, ranging from 0.6-1.1 cm. Intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) values were ≥0.97, and agreement ranged from 81.3%-87% (weighted κ ≥ 0.84). Similar results were found when differences were stratified by BMI categories.
    Conclusion: Although body girth assessment in standing and supine positions in hospitalized adults and older adults differs, these differences are small and are not dependent on BMI categories.
    MeSH term(s) Aged ; Anthropometry/methods ; Body Composition ; Body Mass Index ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Posture
    Language English
    Publishing date 2016-10
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 645074-x
    ISSN 1941-2452 ; 0884-5336
    ISSN (online) 1941-2452
    ISSN 0884-5336
    DOI 10.1177/0884533616629634
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  8. Article: Effects of Posture and Body Mass Index on Body Girth Assessment

    Sousa, Ana Sofia / Fernando Pichel / Isabel Fonseca / Teresa Freitas Amaral

    Nutrition in clinical practice. , v. 31, no. 5

    2016  

    Abstract: Background: The present study aimed to evaluate the effect of posture on body girth assessment among hospitalized adults and older adults. We further explored the influence of body mass index (BMI) on this effect. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional ...

    Abstract Background: The present study aimed to evaluate the effect of posture on body girth assessment among hospitalized adults and older adults. We further explored the influence of body mass index (BMI) on this effect. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among hospitalized adult patients. Arm, waist, hip, and calf girths were obtained for each patient in standing and supine positions. Body girths were obtained in the 2 body positions, and differences were compared according to BMI normal-weight and overweight categories. Results: In total, 123 patients (27.6% aged ≥65 years) composed the study sample. Significant differences were found between measurements obtained in standing and supine positions, ranging from 0.6–1.1 cm. Intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) values were ≥0.97, and agreement ranged from 81.3%–87% (weighted κ ≥ 0.84). Similar results were found when differences were stratified by BMI categories. Conclusion: Although body girth assessment in standing and supine positions in hospitalized adults and older adults differs, these differences are small and are not dependent on BMI categories.
    Keywords body mass index ; calf circumference ; cross-sectional studies ; elderly ; hips ; overweight ; patients ; posture ; waist
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2016-10
    Size p. 690-694.
    Publishing place SAGE Publications
    Document type Article
    ZDB-ID 645074-x
    ISSN 1941-2452 ; 0884-5336
    ISSN (online) 1941-2452
    ISSN 0884-5336
    DOI 10.1177/0884533616629634
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  9. Article ; Online: Impact of Nutritional Supplementation and a Psychomotor Program on Patients With Alzheimer's Disease.

    Vicente de Sousa, Odete / Soares Guerra, Rita / Sousa, Ana Sofia / Pais Henriques, Bebiana / Pereira Monteiro, Anabela / Amaral, Teresa Freitas

    American journal of Alzheimer's disease and other dementias

    2017  Volume 32, Issue 6, Page(s) 329–341

    Abstract: This study aims to evaluate the impact of oral nutritional supplementation (ONS) and a psychomotor rehabilitation program on nutritional and functional status of community-dwelling patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD). A 21-day prospective randomized ... ...

    Abstract This study aims to evaluate the impact of oral nutritional supplementation (ONS) and a psychomotor rehabilitation program on nutritional and functional status of community-dwelling patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD). A 21-day prospective randomized controlled trial was conducted and third intervention group performed a psychomotor rehabilitation program. Patients were followed up for 180 days. Mean (standard deviation) score of Mini Nutritional Assessment (MNA) increased both in the nutritional supplementation group (NSG; n = 25), 0.4 (0.8), and in the nutritional supplementation psychomotor rehabilitation program group (NSPRG; n = 11), 1.5 (1.0), versus -0.1 (1.1) in the control group (CG; n = 43), P < .05. Further improvements at 90-day follow-up for MNA in NSG: 1.3 (1.2) and NSPRG: 1.6 (1.0) versus 0.3 (1.7) in CG ( P < .05) were observed. General linear model analysis showed that the NSG and NSPRG ▵MNA score improved after intervention, at 21 days and 90 days, was independent of the MNA and Mini-Mental State Examination scores at baseline ( Ps > .05). The ONS and a psychomotor rehabilitation program have a positive impact on long-term nutritional and functional status of patients with AD.
    MeSH term(s) Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Alzheimer Disease/diet therapy ; Alzheimer Disease/rehabilitation ; Alzheimer Disease/therapy ; Cognitive Remediation/methods ; Combined Modality Therapy ; Dietary Supplements ; Exercise Therapy/methods ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Independent Living ; Male ; Outcome Assessment, Health Care ; Severity of Illness Index
    Language English
    Publishing date 2017-04-26
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Randomized Controlled Trial
    ZDB-ID 1283069-0
    ISSN 1938-2731 ; 0895-5336 ; 1082-5207 ; 1533-3175
    ISSN (online) 1938-2731
    ISSN 0895-5336 ; 1082-5207 ; 1533-3175
    DOI 10.1177/1533317517705221
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    Zs.A 3299: Show issues Location:
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  10. Article: Sitting time and associated factors among Portuguese older adults: results from Nutrition UP 65.

    Sousa, Ana Sofia / Mendes, Joana / Guerra, Rita S / Padrão, Patrícia / Moreira, Pedro / Santos, Alejandro / Borges, Nuno / Afonso, Cláudia / Martins, Cátia / Ferro, Graça / Amaral, Teresa F

    European journal of ageing

    2019  Volume 17, Issue 3, Page(s) 321–330

    Abstract: Older adults are particularly susceptible to sedentary behaviours. Sitting time has been increasingly referred to as a potentially modifiable risk factor in the prevention of chronic diseases. Identifying factors associated with sitting time, ... ...

    Abstract Older adults are particularly susceptible to sedentary behaviours. Sitting time has been increasingly referred to as a potentially modifiable risk factor in the prevention of chronic diseases. Identifying factors associated with sitting time, particularly those that are modifiable, will allow for more effective public health strategies. This study aimed to describe sitting time among Portuguese older adults and to evaluate associated factors. A cross-sectional study including 1423 older adults ≥ 65 years old was conducted. Sitting time was assessed with the International Physical Activity Questionnaire. Socio-demographic, health, anthropometric and functional variables were collected. Bivariate and multivariate linear regression models were conducted to study the association between these variables and sitting time. The median of sitting time was 300 min/day (interquartile range = 240 min/day), which is equal to 5 h/day. The following factors were directly associated with longer sitting time: being male, age ≥ 80 years, living in Central or Southern Portugal, being retired from work, as well as presenting low physical activity, obesity or longer time to walk 4.6 metres. On the other hand, being married, having higher education and higher household income were inversely associated with longer sitting time. It can be concluded that Portuguese older adults spend a considerable amount of time sitting per day. Potentially modifiable risk factors associated with longer sitting time in this population were related to nutritional status and functional ability.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2019-09-12
    Publishing country Germany
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2190233-1
    ISSN 1613-9372
    ISSN 1613-9372
    DOI 10.1007/s10433-019-00532-y
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