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  1. Article ; Online: Forest cover, landscape patterns, and water quality: a meta-analysis

    Qiu, Ming / Wei, Xiaohua / Hou, Yiping / Spencer, Sheena A. / Hui, Jinyu

    Landsc Ecol. 2023 Apr., v. 38, no. 4 p.877-901

    2023  

    Abstract: CONTEXT: Forest disturbance and management can significantly affect water quality. The understanding of the quantitative relationships between forest change/forest landscape patterns and water quality is critical for designing forest management practices ...

    Abstract CONTEXT: Forest disturbance and management can significantly affect water quality. The understanding of the quantitative relationships between forest change/forest landscape patterns and water quality is critical for designing forest management practices to ensure a sustainable clean water supply. OBJECTIVES: We quantified the relationships between (1) forest cover and (2) forest landscape patterns and water quality parameters. We also assessed contributing factors (i.e., climate zones, seasonality, watershed properties, forest types, and watershed context) to the variations in the above-mentioned relationships. METHODS: A meta-analysis based on published case studies around the globe was conducted to address the stated objectives. RESULTS: (1) Forest cover significantly affects the selected water quality parameters with higher forest cover rates overall improving water quality. (2) Surprisingly, the forest-water quality relationship is more controlled by watershed properties (i.e., slope, watershed size) and forest characteristics than by climate, except dissolved oxygen. The mixtures of coniferous and broadleaved forests improve the positive effects of forest cover on TN and TP compared to monocultures, while natural forests have significantly positive effects on phosphorus parameters compared to planted forests. (3) Forest landscape fragmentation causes negative effects on all selected forms of nitrogen (i.e., TN, nitrate, and ammonia). (4) The regulating effects of forests are influenced by the land use contexts in a watershed where agricultural lands significantly degrade water quality. CONCLUSIONS: Forests can have positive effects on water quality. Deforestation and forest landscape fragmentation lead to declines in water quality. However, there are large variations in water quality responses depending on the selected water quality parameters, watershed properties, forest types, climate, and land use contexts.
    Keywords ammonia ; climate ; deforestation ; dissolved oxygen ; forest damage ; forest management ; forests ; habitat fragmentation ; land use ; landscapes ; meta-analysis ; nitrates ; nitrogen ; phosphorus ; water quality ; water supply ; watersheds
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2023-04
    Size p. 877-901.
    Publishing place Springer Netherlands
    Document type Article ; Online
    Note Review
    ZDB-ID 1027798-5
    ISSN 1572-9761 ; 0921-2973
    ISSN (online) 1572-9761
    ISSN 0921-2973
    DOI 10.1007/s10980-023-01593-2
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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    In stock of ZB MED Bonn / Germany

    Z 5101: Show issues

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  2. Article ; Online: Forest harvesting and hydrology in boreal Forests: Under an increased and cumulative disturbance context

    Wei, Xiaohua / Giles-Hansen, Krysta / Spencer, Sheena A. / Ge, Xiaowen / Onuchin, Alexander / Li, Qiang / Burenina, Tamara / Ilintsev, Aleksey / Hou, Yiping

    Forest Ecology and Management. 2022 Oct., v. 522 p.120468-

    2022  

    Abstract: Boreal forests cover about one-third of the global forested area and are under rapid alteration due to increased natural and human-induced forest disturbance, which have important impacts on forest carbon cycling, hydrology, biodiversity, and many other ... ...

    Abstract Boreal forests cover about one-third of the global forested area and are under rapid alteration due to increased natural and human-induced forest disturbance, which have important impacts on forest carbon cycling, hydrology, biodiversity, and many other ecological characteristics, processes, and functions. In this review, we focus on how forest harvesting affects hydrological processes in boreal forests within the context of increased and cumulative forest disturbance across various spatial scales. At the stand level, harvesting affects snow processes (i.e., snow interception, snow water equivalent, ablation, and snowmelt), decreases evapotranspiration (ET) and water use efficiency (WUE), and has negative impacts on soil dynamics (i.e., infiltration and soil moisture). These hydrological changes at the stand level can be counteractive or additive, cumulatively leading to more varied effects at larger spatial scales. In small watersheds, spring freshets (or high flows) are consistently increased following harvesting, while annual streamflow is often increased but some contradictory results are found in Siberia, Russia. These varied responses are likely dependent upon differences in energy budgets, climate, post-disturbance vegetation trajectories, and their dynamic interactions over space and time. For larger watersheds and regions, cumulative forest disturbance interacts with climate, leading to more complicated and varied hydrological responses. Forest management implications and future research topics are also suggested.
    Keywords Siberia ; administrative management ; biodiversity ; carbon ; climate ; energy ; evapotranspiration ; forest damage ; forest ecology ; forest management ; forests ; snow ; snowmelt ; soil water ; space and time ; spring ; stream flow ; water use efficiency ; Boreal Forests ; Forest Harvesting ; Cumulative Forest Disturbance ; Hydrological Effects ; Stand Level ; Small Watersheds ; Large Watersheds
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2022-10
    Publishing place Elsevier B.V.
    Document type Article ; Online
    Note Use and reproduction
    ZDB-ID 751138-3
    ISSN 0378-1127
    ISSN 0378-1127
    DOI 10.1016/j.foreco.2022.120468
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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    In stock of ZB MED Bonn / Germany

    Z 6026: Show issues

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  3. Article: Tri-Creeks Experimental Watershed

    Sterling, George / Goodbrand, Amy / Spencer, Sheena A

    Forestry chronicle. 2016 Mar. 18, v. 92, no. 1

    2016  

    Abstract: Tri-Creeks Experimental Watershed was initiated to compare the effects of logging and riparian buffers in three subbasins (Wampus, Deerlick, and Eunice Creeks) and to evaluate the effectiveness of timber harvesting ground rules in protecting fisheries ... ...

    Abstract Tri-Creeks Experimental Watershed was initiated to compare the effects of logging and riparian buffers in three subbasins (Wampus, Deerlick, and Eunice Creeks) and to evaluate the effectiveness of timber harvesting ground rules in protecting fisheries and water resources. The watershed study was terminated in 1985 shortly after the harvest. In 2015, the University of Alberta re-established groundwater monitoring, hydrometric, and meteorological stations in Tri-Creeks Experimental watershed. Future research will utilize the 20-year historic data set and current data to study the the effect of forest cover change on the streamflow regime and fish populations. The objective of this paper is to summarize the novel results and available data from 1965–1987 for the Tri-Creeks Experimental Watershed.
    Keywords data collection ; fish ; fisheries ; forest hydrology ; forested watersheds ; forests ; groundwater ; logging ; monitoring ; riparian buffers ; stream flow ; streams ; Alberta
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2016-0318
    Size p. 53-56.
    Publishing place NRC Research Press
    Document type Article
    ZDB-ID 348848-2
    ISSN 0015-7546
    ISSN 0015-7546
    DOI 10.5558/tfc2016-016
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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    In stock of ZB MED Bonn / Germany

    Z 5733: Show issues

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  4. Article: Terrestrial and Riparian Organisms, Lakes and Streams (TROLS)

    Spencer, Sheena A / Devito, Kevin / Macdonald, Ellen

    Forestry chronicle. 2016 Mar. 18, v. 92, no. 1

    2016  

    Abstract: The Terrestrial and Riparian Organisms, Lakes and Streams Project studied the impacts of forest harvest and riparian buffers on terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems in twelve fish-bearing lakes in the boreal mixed-wood forests of Alberta. Major results are ...

    Abstract The Terrestrial and Riparian Organisms, Lakes and Streams Project studied the impacts of forest harvest and riparian buffers on terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems in twelve fish-bearing lakes in the boreal mixed-wood forests of Alberta. Major results are outlined based on forest harvest and buffer effects on the landscape, water quality, and the aquatic ecosystem. Results from this project suggest that forest managers should be flexible in buffer width recommendations and should consider the entire watershed when determining the effects of disturbance due to complexities in the landscape.
    Keywords aquatic ecosystems ; forests ; lakes ; landscapes ; logging ; riparian buffers ; streams ; water quality ; watersheds ; Alberta
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2016-0318
    Size p. 50-52.
    Publishing place NRC Research Press
    Document type Article
    ZDB-ID 348848-2
    ISSN 0015-7546
    ISSN 0015-7546
    DOI 10.5558/tfc2016-015
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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    In stock of ZB MED Bonn / Germany

    Z 5733: Show issues

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  5. Article: A New Framework for Modelling Fine Sediment Transport in Rivers Includes Flocculation to Inform Reservoir Management in Wildfire Impacted Watersheds

    Stone, Micheal / Krishnappan, Bommanna G. / Silins, Uldis / Emelko, Monica B. / Williams, Chris H. S. / Collins, Adrian L. / Spencer, Sheena A.

    Water. 2021 Aug. 24, v. 13, no. 17

    2021  

    Abstract: Fine-grained cohesive sediment is the primary vector for nutrient and contaminant redistribution through aquatic systems and is a critical indicator of land disturbance. A critical limitation of most existing sediment transport models is that they assume ...

    Abstract Fine-grained cohesive sediment is the primary vector for nutrient and contaminant redistribution through aquatic systems and is a critical indicator of land disturbance. A critical limitation of most existing sediment transport models is that they assume that the transport characteristics of fine sediment can be described using the same approaches that are used for coarse-grained non-cohesive sediment, thereby ignoring the tendency of fine sediment to flocculate. Here, a modelling framework to simulate flow and fine sediment transport in the Crowsnest River, the Castle River, the Oldman River and the Oldman Reservoir after the 2003 Lost Creek wildfire in Alberta, Canada was developed and validated. It is the first to include explicit description of fine sediment deposition/erosion processes as a function of bed shear stress and the flocculation process. This framework integrates four existing numerical models: MOBED, RIVFLOC, RMA2 and RMA4 using river geometry, flow, fine suspended sediment characteristics and bathymetry data. Sediment concentration and particle size distributions computed by RIVFLOC were used as the upstream boundary condition for the reservoir dispersion model RMA4. The predicted particle size distributions and mass of fine river sediment deposited within various sections of the reservoir indicate that most of the fine sediment generated by the upstream disturbance deposits in the reservoir. Deposition patterns of sediment from wildfire-impacted landscapes were different than those from unburned landscapes because of differences in settling behaviour. These differences may lead to zones of relatively increased internal loading of phosphorus to reservoir water columns, thereby increasing the potential for algae proliferation. In light of the growing threats to water resources globally from wildfire, the generic framework described herein can be used to model propagation of fine river sediment and associated nutrients or contaminants to reservoirs under different flow conditions and land use scenarios. The framework is thereby a valuable tool to support decision making for water resources management and catchment planning.
    Keywords flocculation ; geometry ; land use ; particle size ; phosphorus ; rivers ; sediment deposition ; sediment transport ; shear stress ; streams ; suspended sediment ; water ; watersheds ; wildfires ; Alberta
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2021-0824
    Publishing place Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Document type Article
    ZDB-ID 2521238-2
    ISSN 2073-4441
    ISSN 2073-4441
    DOI 10.3390/w13172319
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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  6. Article: Net precipitation in burned and unburned subalpine forest stands after wildfire in the northern Rocky Mountains

    Williams, Chris H. S / Emelko, Monica B / Silins, Uldis / Spencer, Sheena A / Stone, Micheal / Wagner, Michael J

    International journal of wildland fire. 2019, v. 28, no. 10

    2019  

    Abstract: Wildfire can exert considerable influence on many watershed processes, including the partitioning of precipitation by forest canopies. Despite general acknowledgement that canopy interception is reduced following wildfire, effects on net rainfall and ... ...

    Abstract Wildfire can exert considerable influence on many watershed processes, including the partitioning of precipitation by forest canopies. Despite general acknowledgement that canopy interception is reduced following wildfire, effects on net rainfall and snow accumulation have not been quantified. The objectives of this study were to document net rainfall and snow water equivalent (SWE) in burned and unburned (reference) forest stands over a 10-year period to characterise the effects of severe wildfire on net precipitation in the Canadian Rocky Mountains. Differences in summer (June–September) rainfall between burned and reference stands suggest that wildfire reduced rainfall interception by 65%, resulting in a 48% increase in net rainfall from 2006 to 2008. This represented an average annual increase in net rainfall of 122mm (36%) for 10 years after the fire. Similarly, a burned stand had 152mm (78%) higher mean annual peak SWE than a paired reference stand. Collectively, burned stands had 274mm (191–344mm; 51%) more mean annual net precipitation for the first decade after fire. These results suggest that increases in net precipitation are likely following wildfire in subalpine forests and that, owing to the slow growth of these forests, post-fire changes may alter precipitation–runoff relationships for many years.
    Keywords forest canopy ; forest stands ; rain ; runoff ; snow ; subalpine forests ; summer ; watersheds ; wildfires ; Rocky Mountain region
    Language English
    Size p. 750-760.
    Publishing place CSIRO Publishing
    Document type Article
    ZDB-ID 1331562-6
    ISSN 1448-5516 ; 1049-8001
    ISSN (online) 1448-5516
    ISSN 1049-8001
    DOI 10.1071/WF18181
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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    In stock of ZB MED Bonn / Germany

    Z 6872: Show issues

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  7. Article: Southern Rockies Watershed Project

    Silins, Uldis / Anderson, Axel / Bladon, Kevin D / Emelko, Monica B / Stone, Micheal / Spencer, Sheena A / Williams, Chris H.S / Wagner, Michael J / Martens, Amanda M / Hawthorn, Kirk

    Forestry chronicle. 2016 Mar. 18, v. 92, no. 1

    2016  

    Abstract: The Southern Rockies Watershed Project was initiated in 2003 to describe the impacts of severe natural disturbance by wildfire on a broad range of headwaters, larger river basin scale, and downstream water resources (Phase I). This watershed research is ... ...

    Abstract The Southern Rockies Watershed Project was initiated in 2003 to describe the impacts of severe natural disturbance by wildfire on a broad range of headwaters, larger river basin scale, and downstream water resources (Phase I). This watershed research is unique in that trans-disciplinary linkages between hydrology, biogeochemistry, aquatic ecology, downstream river basin processes, implications for human water use, and economic implications are providing broad insights into wildfire effects on water. A second phase of the research (Phase II) focuses on evaluating the effects of several alternative forest harvesting practices on these same water resource “values”. Collectively, this research is providing comprehensive information on watershed function after forest disturbance in Rocky Mountain watersheds.
    Keywords biogeochemistry ; ecology ; forest hydrology ; forests ; humans ; logging ; water resources ; watersheds ; wildfires ; Rocky Mountain region
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2016-0318
    Size p. 39-42.
    Publishing place NRC Research Press
    Document type Article
    ZDB-ID 348848-2
    ISSN 0015-7546
    ISSN 0015-7546
    DOI 10.5558/tfc2016-012
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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    In stock of ZB MED Bonn / Germany

    Z 5733: Show issues

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  8. Article: Terrestrial and Riparian Organisms, Lakes and Streams (TROLS)

    Spencer, Sheena A. / Kevin DevitoauthorDepartment of Biological Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB / Ellen MacdonaldauthorDepartment of Renewable Resources, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB
    Language English
    Document type Article
    Database AGRIS - International Information System for the Agricultural Sciences and Technology

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