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Article ; Online: Iron deficiency in whole blood donors in a resource-poor setting: A cross-sectional study in Uganda.

Dhabangi, Aggrey / Ssenyonga, Ronald / Siu, Godfrey / Elaborot, Susan Acana / Kyeyune, Dorothy / Bates, Imelda

2023 Volume 33, Issue 3, Page(s) 213–220

Abstract: Background and objective: Blood donation is known to result in iron deficiency (ID), with a higher prevalence in females. There is little published data on the frequency of ID among blood donors in resource-poor settings. We determined the prevalence of ...

Abstract	Background and objective: Blood donation is known to result in iron deficiency (ID), with a higher prevalence in females. There is little published data on the frequency of ID among blood donors in resource-poor settings. We determined the prevalence of ID in blood donors in Uganda. Methods: We conducted a descriptive cross-sectional study at the Uganda Blood Transfusion Service, Kampala from December 2021 to February 2022. A sample of 500 whole blood donors was enrolled. The evaluation included demographic characteristics, donation history, nutritional history, complete blood count, and serum ferritin. The primary outcome was the proportion of donors with serum ferritin <15 μg/L. Results: The median (IQR) serum ferritin was 25 (12-47) μg/L and 89 (52-133) μg/L among female and male donors respectively. The prevalence of iron deficiency (serum ferritin <15 μg/L) among donating individuals was 11.5% (8.7-14.9), while among low haemoglobin deferrals, 61.5% (50.9-71.1). The prevalence was high among females [33.0% (27.9-38.6)] compared with males [2.5% (1.0-5.8)], but even higher among females younger than 24 years [35.4% (29.2-42.1)]. Factors associated with ID (adjusted odds ratio, 95% Cl, and significance) were; female donors (15.81, 5.17, 48.28, p < 0.001) and a high RDW (6.89, 2.99, 15.90, p < 0.001). We found a moderate correlation between serum ferritin and RDW (r = -0.419 and -0.487 for males and females respectively). Conclusion: Iron deficiency is common among blood donors in Uganda, affecting mostly young female donors. Considerations to adopt evidence-based strategies to prevent and manage ID among blood donors-such as serum ferritin monitoring and iron supplementation are highly recommended.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Male ; Female ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Ferritins ; Blood Donors ; Uganda/epidemiology ; Iron Deficiencies ; Anemia, Iron-Deficiency/epidemiology ; Hemoglobins/metabolism
Chemical Substances	Ferritins (9007-73-2) ; Hemoglobins
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-01-26
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1067989-3
ISSN	1365-3148 ; 0958-7578
ISSN (online)	1365-3148
ISSN	0958-7578
DOI	10.1111/tme.12953
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Zs.A 3177: Show issues

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Article ; Online: Facilitators and Barriers to Uptake of the Med Safety Mobile App for Adverse Drug Reaction Reporting by Health Workers in Uganda: A Qualitative Study.

Kiguba, Ronald / Zakumumpa, Henry / Ndagije, Helen B / Mwebaza, Norah / Ssenyonga, Ronald / Tregunno, Phil / Harrison, Kendal / Pirmohamed, Munir

Drug safety

2023 Volume 46, Issue 6, Page(s) 565–574

Abstract: Introduction: Adverse drug reactions (ADRs) are an important public health challenge worldwide; however, pharmacovigilance systems are plagued by under-reporting. Mobile technologies, including mobile applications such as Med Safety, could strengthen ... ...

Abstract	Introduction: Adverse drug reactions (ADRs) are an important public health challenge worldwide; however, pharmacovigilance systems are plagued by under-reporting. Mobile technologies, including mobile applications such as Med Safety, could strengthen ADR reporting. We explored the acceptability, and factors that could influence uptake of, Med Safety for ADR reporting by health workers in Uganda. Methods: The study took place between July and September 2020 in 12 HIV clinics in Uganda and employed a qualitative exploratory research design. We conducted 22 in-depth interviews and 3 mixed-gender focus group discussions (49 participants) with a diverse range of health workers. We analysed the data using a thematic approach. Results: There was goodwill among the health workers to adopt Med Safety for ADR reporting and the majority would recommend the app to other health workers. Training with practice increased acceptability of the app. Uptake of the app was favoured by the younger, technology proficient, health worker demographic; the app's offline and two-way risk communication functionalities; availability of free internet hotspots at some health facilities; goodwill and willingness of health workers to report ADRs; and the cumbersome nature of conventional ADR reporting tools. Potential barriers to the uptake of Med Safety were the perceived lengthy processes of initial app registration and completion of multiple screens during ADR reporting; challenges with health workers' smartphones (incompatibility with application, no space for more applications, low battery charge); high cost of internet data; poor internet connectivity; difficulty in recognising ADRs, language barrier and poor feedback to ADR reporters. Conclusion: There was goodwill among the health workers to adopt Med Safety for ADR reporting and the majority would recommend the app to other health workers. Training with practice increased acceptability of the app and should be integral in all future app roll-out campaigns. The identified facilitators and barriers could be used to appropriately guide future research and implementation to promote the uptake of Med Safety for pharmacovigilance in low- and middle-income countries.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Mobile Applications ; Uganda ; Adverse Drug Reaction Reporting Systems ; Health Personnel ; Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions ; Pharmacovigilance
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-04-25
Publishing country	New Zealand
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	1018059-x
ISSN	1179-1942 ; 0114-5916
ISSN (online)	1179-1942
ISSN	0114-5916
DOI	10.1007/s40264-023-01303-6
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Zs.A 2127: Show issues

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Article ; Online: Dyslipidemia among adult people living with HIV on dolutegravir - based antiretroviral therapy at a private tertiary hospital in Kampala, Uganda: burden and determinants.

Kigongo, Vianney John / Nankabirwa, Joaniter I / Kitutu, Freddy Eric / Ssenyonga, Ronald / Mutebi, Ronald Kasoma / Kazibwe, Andrew / Kiguba, Ronald / Kambugu, Andrew D / Castelnuovo, Barbara

BMC infectious diseases

2024 Volume 24, Issue 1, Page(s) 53

Abstract: Background: Understanding the burden of dyslipidemia and its associated factors among adult people living with HIV on dolutegravir (DTG) based anti-retroviral therapy (ART) is critical to provide clinical guidance and risk reduction strategies in our ... ...

Abstract	Background: Understanding the burden of dyslipidemia and its associated factors among adult people living with HIV on dolutegravir (DTG) based anti-retroviral therapy (ART) is critical to provide clinical guidance and risk reduction strategies in our setting. Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study on adult people living with HIV on DTG based ART between July and August 2022 at Mengo Hospital, a private not for profit missionary hospital owned by the Church of Uganda. Dyslipidemia was defined as: Total cholesterol (TC) ≥ 5.2 mmol/l, or high-density lipoprotein (HDL) < 1 mmol/l for men and < 1.3 mmol/l for women, or triglycerides (TG) ≥ 1.7 mmol/l, and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) ≥ 3.4 mmol/l. A participant was considered to have dyslipidemia if they had any of the lipid profile parameters in the above ranges. Socio-demographic information, clinical data and behavioral characteristics were collected. Fasting lipid profile and fasting blood glucose levels were also measured. Bivariate and multivariate analyses were done using a generalized linear model regression of the Poisson family with a log link (modified Poisson) using robust standard errors since the prevalence of dyslipidemia was more than 10%. Adjusted prevalence ratios (PR) were reported with their 95% confidence intervals (CI). A p-value of less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: A total of 341 participants were included. The prevalence of dyslipidemia was 78.0%, (95%CI:73.3-82.1). The highest prevalence was for low HDL (72.1%, 95%CI 67.1-76.7) followed by high TG (20.2%, 95%CI: 16.3-24.9), high TC (12.0%, 95%CI: 9.0-15.9) and high LDL (6.5%, 95%CI: 4.3-9.6). Female sex (aPR:1.55, 95%CI: 1.32-1.84, p < 0.001) and previous use of protease inhibitor (PI) based ART regimen (aPR:1.26, 95%CI: 1.04-1.53, p = 0.018) were significantly associated with dyslipidemia. Conclusion: We demonstrate that the prevalence of dyslipidemia is very high as it was present in more than three quarters of the study participants. Female sex and previous use of PI based ART regimen were significantly associated with dyslipidemia. Management of dyslipidemia should be integrated in the HIV treatment package and we recommend further inquiry into the temporal relationship between dyslipidemia and DTG among ART patients, if any.
MeSH term(s)	Adult ; Male ; Humans ; Female ; Tertiary Care Centers ; Uganda/epidemiology ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Dyslipidemias/epidemiology ; Lipoproteins, LDL
Chemical Substances	dolutegravir (DKO1W9H7M1) ; Lipoproteins, LDL
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-01-05
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2041550-3
ISSN	1471-2334 ; 1471-2334
ISSN (online)	1471-2334
ISSN	1471-2334
DOI	10.1186/s12879-023-08892-8
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Article: Antibiotic Prevalence Study and Factors Influencing Prescription of WHO Watch Category Antibiotic Ceftriaxone in a Tertiary Care Private Not for Profit Hospital in Uganda.

Kizito, Mark / Lalitha, Rejani / Kajumbula, Henry / Ssenyonga, Ronald / Muyanja, David / Byakika-Kibwika, Pauline

Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland)

2021 Volume 10, Issue 10

Abstract: Background: ...

Abstract	Background:
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-09-26
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2681345-2
ISSN	2079-6382
ISSN	2079-6382
DOI	10.3390/antibiotics10101167
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Article ; Online: Parental-perceived home and neighborhood environmental correlates of accelerometer-measured physical activity among school-going children in Uganda.

Nakabazzi, Bernadette / Wachira, Lucy-Joy M / Oyeyemi, Adewale L / Ssenyonga, Ronald / Onywera, Vincent O

PLOS global public health

2021 Volume 1, Issue 12, Page(s) e0000089

Abstract: The benefits of physical activity (PA) on children's health and well-being are well established. However, many children do not meet the PA recommendations, increasing their risk of being overweight, obese, and non-communicable diseases. Environmental ... ...

Abstract	The benefits of physical activity (PA) on children's health and well-being are well established. However, many children do not meet the PA recommendations, increasing their risk of being overweight, obese, and non-communicable diseases. Environmental characteristics of homes and neighborhoods may constrain a child's ability to engage in PA, but evidence is needed to inform country-specific interventions in understudied low-income countries. This study assessed the associations between parental-perceived home and neighbourhood, built environment characteristics, and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) among children in Kampala city, Uganda. In this cross-sectional study, data were obtained from 256 children (55.5% girls) aged between 10 and 12 years and their parents. Children's MVPA was measured using waist-worn ActiGraph accelerometers. The environments were assessed using a valid self-reported parent survey. Linear regression models with standard errors (clusters) were used to analyze the relationship between environmental variables and children's MVPA. Sex-specific relationships were assessed using sex-stratified models. Play equipment at home (β = -2.37, p <0.001; unexpected direction), residential density (β = 2.70, p<0.05), and crime safety (β = -5.29, p <0.05; unexpected direction) were associated with children's MVPA. The sex-specific analyses revealed more inconsistent patterns of results with a higher perception of land use mix associated with less MVPA in girls (irrespective of school type attended), and higher perceptions of sidewalk infrastructure (β = -12.01, p <0.05) and walking and cycling infrastructure (β = -14.72, p <0.05) associated with less MVPA in girls attending public schools only. A better perception of crime safety was associated with less MVPA among boys and girls attending private schools (β = -3.80, p <0.05). Few environmental characteristics were related to children's MVPA in Uganda, and findings were largely inconsistent, especially among girls. Future studies are needed to understand the ecological determinants of health-related PA behaviors among children in Uganda.
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-12-08
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ISSN	2767-3375
ISSN (online)	2767-3375
DOI	10.1371/journal.pgph.0000089
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Article ; Online: Evaluating women's acceptability of treatment of incomplete second trimester abortion using misoprostol provided by midwives compared with physicians: a mixed methods study.

Atuhairwe, Susan / Hanson, Claudia / Atuyambe, Lynn / Byamugisha, Josaphat / Tumwesigye, Nazarius Mbona / Ssenyonga, Ronald / Gemzell-Danielsson, Kristina

BMC women's health

2022 Volume 22, Issue 1, Page(s) 434

Abstract: Background: Studies evaluating task sharing in postabortion care have mainly focused on women in first trimester and many lack a qualitative component. We aimed to evaluate patient acceptability of treatment of incomplete second trimester abortion using ...

Abstract	Background: Studies evaluating task sharing in postabortion care have mainly focused on women in first trimester and many lack a qualitative component. We aimed to evaluate patient acceptability of treatment of incomplete second trimester abortion using misoprostol provided by midwives compared with physicians and also gained a deeper understanding of the patients' lived treatment experiences in Uganda. Methods: Our mixed methods study combined 1140 structured interview data from a randomized controlled equivalence trial and in-depth interviews (n = 28) among women managed with misoprostol for second trimester incomplete abortion at 14 public health facilities in Uganda. Acceptability, our main outcome, was measured at the 14-day follow-up visit using a structured questionnaire as a composite variable of: 1) treatment experience (as expected/ better than expected/ worse than expected), and 2) satisfaction - if patient would recommend the treatment to a friend or choose the method again. We used generalized mixed effects models to obtain the risk difference in acceptable post abortion care between midwife and physician groups. We used inductive content analysis for qualitative data. Results: From 14th August 2018 to 16th November 2021, we assessed 7190 women for eligibility and randomized 1191 (593 to midwife and 598 to physician). We successfully followed up 1140 women and 1071 (94%) found the treatment acceptable. The adjusted risk difference was 1.2% (95% CI, - 1.2 to 3.6%) between the two groups, and within our predefined equivalence range of - 5 to + 5%. Treatment success and feeling calm and safe after treatment enhanced acceptability while experience of side effects and worrying bleeding patterns reduced satisfaction. Conclusions: Misoprostol treatment of uncomplicated second trimester incomplete abortion was equally and highly acceptable to women when care was provided by midwives compared with physicians. In settings that lack adequate staffing levels of physicians or where midwives are available to provide misoprostol, task sharing second trimester medical PAC with midwives increases patient's access to postabortion care services. Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03622073.
MeSH term(s)	Pregnancy ; Humans ; Female ; Misoprostol/therapeutic use ; Abortion, Incomplete/drug therapy ; Midwifery ; Abortifacient Agents, Nonsteroidal/therapeutic use ; Pregnancy Trimester, Second ; Abortion, Induced ; Physicians ; Pregnancy Trimester, First
Chemical Substances	Misoprostol (0E43V0BB57) ; Abortifacient Agents, Nonsteroidal
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-11-05
Publishing country	England
Document type	Randomized Controlled Trial ; Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2050444-5
ISSN	1472-6874 ; 1472-6874
ISSN (online)	1472-6874
ISSN	1472-6874
DOI	10.1186/s12905-022-02027-y
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article ; Online: Lifejacket wear and the associated factors among boaters involved in occupational boating activities on Lake Albert, Uganda: a cross-sectional survey.

Oporia, Frederick / Nuwaha, Fred / Kibira, Simon P S / Kobusingye, Olive / Makumbi, Fredrick Edward / Nakafeero, Mary / Ssenyonga, Ronald / Isunju, John Bosco / Jagnoor, Jagnoor

Injury prevention : journal of the International Society for Child and Adolescent Injury Prevention

2022 Volume 28, Issue 6, Page(s) 513–520

Abstract: Background: Drowning death rates in lakeside fishing communities in Uganda are the highest recorded globally. Over 95% of people who drowned from a boating activity in Uganda were not wearing a lifejacket. This study describes the prevalence of ... ...

Abstract	Background: Drowning death rates in lakeside fishing communities in Uganda are the highest recorded globally. Over 95% of people who drowned from a boating activity in Uganda were not wearing a lifejacket. This study describes the prevalence of lifejacket wear and associated factors among boaters involved in occupational boating activities on Lake Albert, Uganda. Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional survey, grounded on etic epistemology and a positivist ontological paradigm. We interviewed 1343 boaters across 18 landing sites on Lake Albert, Uganda. Lifejacket wear was assessed through observation as boaters disembarked from their boats and self-reported wear for those who 'always wore a life jacket while on the lake'. We used a mixed-effects multilevel Poisson regression, with landing site-specific random intercepts to elicit associations with lifejacket wear. We report adjusted prevalence ratios (PRs) at 95% confidence intervals. Results: The majority of respondents were male, 99.6% (1338/1343), and the largest proportion, 38.4% (516/1343) was aged 20-29 years. Observed lifejacket wear was 0.7% (10/1343). However, self-reported wear was 31.9% (428/1343). Tertiary-level education (adjusted PR 1.57, 95% CI 1.29- 1.91), boat occupancy of at least four people (adjusted PR 2.12, 95% CI 1.28 - 3.52), big boat size (adjusted PR 1.55, 95% CI 1.13 - 2.12) and attending a lifejacket-use training session (adjusted PR 1.25, 95% CI 1.01 - 1.56) were associated with higher prevalence of self-reported lifejacket wear. Self-reported wear was lower among the 30-39 year-olds compared to those who were aged less than 20 years (adjusted PR 0.66, 95% CI 0.45 - 0.99). Conclusion: Lifejacket wear was low. Training on lifejacket use may improve wear among boaters involved in occupational boating activities on Lake Albert.
MeSH term(s)	Male ; Humans ; Female ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Lakes ; Uganda/epidemiology ; Drowning/prevention & control ; Water Sports
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-05-30
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	1433667-4
ISSN	1475-5785 ; 1353-8047
ISSN (online)	1475-5785
ISSN	1353-8047
DOI	10.1136/injuryprev-2022-044608
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Zs.A 4910: Show issues

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Article ; Online: Socio-economic and education related inequities in use of modern contraceptive in seven sub-regions in Uganda.

Makumbi, Fredrick E / Nabukeera, Sarah / Tumwesigye, Nazarius Mbona / Namanda, Cissie / Atuyambe, Lynn / Mukose, Aggrey / Ssali, Sarah / Ssenyonga, Ronald / Tweheyo, Ritah / Gidudu, Andrew / Sekimpi, Carole / Hashim, Catherine Verde / Nicholson, Martha / Ddungu, Peter

BMC health services research

2023 Volume 23, Issue 1, Page(s) 201

Abstract: Background: Advocacy for equity in health service utilization and access, including Family Planning (FP) continues to be a cornerstone in increasing universal health coverage. Inequities in Family planning are highlighted by the differences in ... ...

Abstract	Background: Advocacy for equity in health service utilization and access, including Family Planning (FP) continues to be a cornerstone in increasing universal health coverage. Inequities in Family planning are highlighted by the differences in reproductive health outcomes or in the distribution of resources among different population groups. In this study we examine inequities in use of modern contraceptives with respect to Socio-economic and Education dimensions in seven sub-regions in Uganda. Methods: The data were obtained from a baseline cross-sectional study in seven statistical regions where a program entitled "Reducing High Fertility Rates and Improving Sexual Reproductive Health Outcomes in Uganda, (RISE)" is implemented in Uganda. There was a total of 3,607 respondents, half of whom were women of reproductive age (15-49 years) and the other half men (18-54 years). Equity in family planning utilization was assessed by geography, wealth/economic and social-demographics. The use of modern family planning was measured as; using or not using modern FP. Concentration indices were used to measure the degree of Inequality in the use of modern contraceptives. Prevalence Ratios to compare use of modern FP were computed using modified Poisson regression run in STATA V15. Results: Three-quarters (75.6%) of the participants in rural areas were married compared to only 63% in the urban. Overall use of modern contraceptives was 34.2% [CI:30.9, 37.6], without significant variation by rural/urban settings. Women in the higher socio-economic status (SES) were more advantaged in use of modern contraceptives compared to lower SES women. The overall Erreygers Concentration Index, as a measure of inequity, was 0.172, p<0.001. Overall, inequity in use of modern contraceptives by education was highest in favor of women with higher education (ECI=0.146, p=0.0001), and the concentration of use of modern contraceptives in women with higher education was significant in the rural but not urban areas CONCLUSION: Inequities in the use of modern contraceptives still exist in favor of women with more education or higher socio-economic status, mainly in the rural settings. Focused programmatic interventions in rural settings should be delivered if universal Family Planning uptake is to be improved.
MeSH term(s)	Male ; Female ; Humans ; Adolescent ; Young Adult ; Adult ; Middle Aged ; Contraceptive Agents ; Uganda/epidemiology ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Educational Status ; Family Planning Services
Chemical Substances	Contraceptive Agents
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-02-28
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2050434-2
ISSN	1472-6963 ; 1472-6963
ISSN (online)	1472-6963
ISSN	1472-6963
DOI	10.1186/s12913-023-09150-y
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Article ; Online: Prioritisation of Informed Health Choices (IHC) key concepts to be included in lower secondary school resources: A consensus study.

Agaba, Joseph Jude / Chesire, Faith / Mugisha, Michael / Nandi, Pamela / Njue, Jane / Nsangi, Allen / Nsengimana, Venuste / Oyuga, Cyril / Rutiyomba, Florian / Semakula, Daniel / Ssenyonga, Ronald / Uwimana, Innocent / Oxman, Andrew David

PloS one

2023 Volume 18, Issue 4, Page(s) e0267422

Abstract: Background: The Informed Health Choices Key Concepts are principles for thinking critically about healthcare claims and deciding what to do. The Key Concepts provide a framework for designing curricula, learning resources, and evaluation tools.: ... ...

Abstract	Background: The Informed Health Choices Key Concepts are principles for thinking critically about healthcare claims and deciding what to do. The Key Concepts provide a framework for designing curricula, learning resources, and evaluation tools. Objectives: To prioritise which of the 49 Key Concepts to include in resources for lower secondary schools in East Africa. Methods: Twelve judges used an iterative process to reach a consensus. The judges were curriculum specialists, teachers, and researchers from Kenya, Uganda, and Rwanda. After familiarising themselves with the concepts, they pilot-tested draft criteria for selecting and ordering the concepts. After agreeing on the criteria, nine judges independently assessed all 49 concepts and reached an initial consensus. We sought feedback on the draft consensus from other stakeholders, including teachers. After considering the feedback, nine judges independently reassessed the prioritised concepts and reached a consensus. The final set of concepts was determined after user-testing prototypes and pilot-testing the resources. Results: The first panel of judges prioritised 29 concepts. Based on feedback from teachers, students, curriculum specialists, and members of the research team, two concepts were dropped. A second panel of nine judges prioritised 17 of the 27 concepts that emerged from the initial prioritisation and feedback. Based on feedback on prototypes of lessons and pilot-testing a set of 10 lessons, we determined that it was possible to introduce nine concepts in 10 single-period (40-minute) lessons. We included eight of the 17 prioritised concepts and one additional concept. Conclusion: Using an iterative process with explicit criteria, we prioritised nine concepts as a starting point for students to learn to think critically about healthcare claims and choices.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Health Education ; Choice Behavior ; Schools ; Curriculum ; Uganda
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-04-07
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2267670-3
ISSN	1932-6203 ; 1932-6203
ISSN (online)	1932-6203
ISSN	1932-6203
DOI	10.1371/journal.pone.0267422
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Article ; Online: Prevalence and socio-demographic correlates of accelerometer measured physical activity levels of school-going children in Kampala city, Uganda.

Nakabazzi, Bernadette / Wachira, Lucy-Joy M / Oyeyemi, Adewale L / Ssenyonga, Ronald / Onywera, Vincent O

PloS one

2020 Volume 15, Issue 7, Page(s) e0235211

Abstract: Background: The current international physical activity guidelines for health recommend children to engage in at least 60 minutes of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) daily. Yet, accurate prevalence estimates of physical activity levels of ... ...

Abstract	Background: The current international physical activity guidelines for health recommend children to engage in at least 60 minutes of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) daily. Yet, accurate prevalence estimates of physical activity levels of children are unavailable in many African countries due to the dearth of accelerometer-measured physical activity data. The aim of this study was to describe the prevalence and examine the socio-demographic correlates of accelerometer-measured physical activity among school-going children in Kampala city, Uganda. Methods: A cross-sectional study design was used to recruit a sample of 10-12 years old school-going children (n = 256) from 7 primary schools (3 public schools and 4 private schools) in Kampala city, Uganda. Sedentary time, light-intensity physical activity (LPA), moderate-intensity physical activity (MPA) and vigorous-intensity physical activity (VPA) were measured by accelerometers (ActiGraph GT3X+ [Pensacola, Florida, USA]) over a seven-day period. Socio-demographic factors were assessed by a parent/guardian questionnaire. Weight status was generated from objectively measured height and weight and computed as body mass index (BMI). Multi-level logistic regressions identified socio-demographic factors that were associated with meeting physical activity guidelines. Results: Children's sedentary time was 9.8±2.1 hours/day and MVPA was 56±25.7 minutes/day. Only 36.3% of the children (38.9% boys, 34.3% girls) met the physical activity guidelines. Boys, thin/normal weight and public school children had significantly higher mean daily MVPA levels. Socio-demographic factors associated with odds of meeting physical activity guidelines were younger age (OR = 0.68; 95% CI = 0.55-0.84), thin/normal weight status (OR = 4.08; 95% CI = 1.42-11.76), and socioeconomic status (SES) indicators such as lower maternal level of education (OR = 2.43; 95% CI = 1.84-3.21) and no family car (OR = 0.31; 95% CI = 0.17-0.55). Conclusion: Children spent a substantial amount of time sedentary and in LPA and less time in MVPA. Few children met the physical activity guidelines. Lower weight status, lower maternal education level and no family car were associated with meeting physical activity guidelines. Effective interventions and policies to increase physical activity among school-going children in Kampala, are urgently needed.
MeSH term(s)	Accelerometry/statistics & numerical data ; Adult ; Aged ; Body Mass Index ; Body Weight ; Child ; Cities/statistics & numerical data ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Exercise ; Female ; Guidelines as Topic ; Humans ; Male ; Marital Status/statistics & numerical data ; Middle Aged ; Schools/standards ; Schools/statistics & numerical data ; Sedentary Behavior ; Socioeconomic Factors ; Time Factors ; Uganda ; Young Adult
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-07-09
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ISSN	1932-6203
ISSN (online)	1932-6203
DOI	10.1371/journal.pone.0235211
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