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Article: Exploring Cellular Stress Response and Chaperones.

Stacchiotti, Alessandra

2019 Volume 8, Issue 5

Abstract: Since the pioneering discovery of heat shock proteins ... ...

Abstract	Since the pioneering discovery of heat shock proteins in
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Endoplasmic Reticulum/metabolism ; Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress ; Humans ; Metabolic Diseases/metabolism ; Models, Biological ; Molecular Chaperones/metabolism ; Stress, Physiological
Chemical Substances	Molecular Chaperones
Language	English
Publishing date	2019-05-02
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Editorial ; Introductory Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2661518-6
ISSN	2073-4409
ISSN	2073-4409
DOI	10.3390/cells8050408
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article: Natural Compounds and Autophagy: Allies Against Neurodegeneration.

Stacchiotti, Alessandra / Corsetti, Giovanni

Frontiers in cell and developmental biology

2020 Volume 8, Page(s) 555409

Abstract: Prolonging the healthy life span and limiting neurological illness are imperative goals in gerontology. Age-related neurodegeneration is progressive and leads to severe diseases affecting motility, memory, cognitive function, and social life. To date, no ...

Abstract	Prolonging the healthy life span and limiting neurological illness are imperative goals in gerontology. Age-related neurodegeneration is progressive and leads to severe diseases affecting motility, memory, cognitive function, and social life. To date, no effective treatments are available for neurodegeneration and irreversible neuronal loss. Bioactive phytochemicals could represent a natural alternative to ensure active aging and slow onset of neurodegenerative diseases in elderly patients. Autophagy or macroautophagy is an evolutionarily conserved clearing process that is needed to remove aggregate-prone proteins and organelles in neurons and glia. It also is crucial in synaptic plasticity. Aberrant autophagy has a key role in aging and neurodegeneration. Recent evidence indicates that polyphenols like resveratrol and curcumin, flavonoids, like quercetin, polyamine, like spermidine and sugars, like trehalose, limit brain damage i
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-09-22
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	2737824-X
ISSN	2296-634X
ISSN	2296-634X
DOI	10.3389/fcell.2020.555409
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Article: Polyphenols-Gut-Heart: An Impactful Relationship to Improve Cardiovascular Diseases.

Bianchi, Francesca / Cappella, Annalisa / Gagliano, Nicoletta / Sfondrini, Lucia / Stacchiotti, Alessandra

Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland)

2022 Volume 11, Issue 9

Abstract: A healthy gut provides the perfect habitat for trillions of bacteria, called the intestinal microbiota, which is greatly responsive to the long-term diet; it exists in a symbiotic relationship with the host and provides circulating metabolites, hormones, ...

Abstract	A healthy gut provides the perfect habitat for trillions of bacteria, called the intestinal microbiota, which is greatly responsive to the long-term diet; it exists in a symbiotic relationship with the host and provides circulating metabolites, hormones, and cytokines necessary for human metabolism. The gut-heart axis is a novel emerging concept based on the accumulating evidence that a perturbed gut microbiota, called dysbiosis, plays a role as a risk factor in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular disease. Consequently, recovery of the gut microbiota composition and function could represent a potential new avenue for improving patient outcomes. Despite their low absorption, preclinical evidence indicates that polyphenols and their metabolites are transformed by intestinal bacteria and halt detrimental microbes' colonization in the host. Moreover, their metabolites are potentially effective in human health due to antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-cancer effects. The aim of this review is to provide an overview of the causal role of gut dysbiosis in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis, hypertension, and heart failure; to discuss the beneficial effects of polyphenols on the intestinal microbiota, and to hypothesize polyphenols or their derivatives as an opportunity to prevent and treat cardiovascular diseases by shaping gut eubiosis.
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-08-30
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	2704216-9
ISSN	2076-3921
ISSN	2076-3921
DOI	10.3390/antiox11091700
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Article ; Online: Polyamines and Physical Activity in Musculoskeletal Diseases: A Potential Therapeutic Challenge.

Galasso, Letizia / Cappella, Annalisa / Mulè, Antonino / Castelli, Lucia / Ciorciari, Andrea / Stacchiotti, Alessandra / Montaruli, Angela

International journal of molecular sciences

2023 Volume 24, Issue 12

Abstract: Autophagy dysregulation is commonplace in the pathogenesis of several invalidating diseases, such as musculoskeletal diseases. Polyamines, as spermidine and spermine, are small aliphatic cations essential for cell growth and differentiation, with ... ...

Abstract	Autophagy dysregulation is commonplace in the pathogenesis of several invalidating diseases, such as musculoskeletal diseases. Polyamines, as spermidine and spermine, are small aliphatic cations essential for cell growth and differentiation, with multiple antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-apoptotic effects. Remarkably, they are emerging as natural autophagy regulators with strong anti-aging effects. Polyamine levels were significantly altered in the skeletal muscles of aged animals. Therefore, supplementation of spermine and spermidine may be important to prevent or treat muscle atrophy. Recent in vitro and in vivo experimental studies indicate that spermidine reverses dysfunctional autophagy and stimulates mitophagy in muscles and heart, preventing senescence. Physical exercise, as polyamines, regulates skeletal muscle mass inducing proper autophagy and mitophagy. This narrative review focuses on the latest evidence regarding the efficacy of polyamines and exercise as autophagy inducers, alone or coupled, in alleviating sarcopenia and aging-dependent musculoskeletal diseases. A comprehensive description of overall autophagic steps in muscle, polyamine metabolic pathways, and effects of the role of autophagy inducers played by both polyamines and exercise has been presented. Although literature shows few data in regard to this controversial topic, interesting effects on muscle atrophy in murine models have emerged when the two "autophagy-inducers" were combined. We hope these findings, with caution, can encourage researchers to continue investigating in this direction. In particular, if these novel insights could be confirmed in further in vivo and clinical studies, and the two synergic treatments could be optimized in terms of dose and duration, then polyamine supplementation and physical exercise might have a clinical potential in sarcopenia, and more importantly, implications for a healthy lifestyle in the elderly population.
MeSH term(s)	Aged ; Mice ; Humans ; Animals ; Polyamines/metabolism ; Spermidine/metabolism ; Spermine/metabolism ; Sarcopenia ; Muscular Atrophy ; Musculoskeletal Diseases
Chemical Substances	Polyamines ; Spermidine (U87FK77H25) ; Spermine (2FZ7Y3VOQX)
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-06-06
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	2019364-6
ISSN	1422-0067 ; 1422-0067 ; 1661-6596
ISSN (online)	1422-0067
ISSN	1422-0067 ; 1661-6596
DOI	10.3390/ijms24129798
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Article ; Online: Cardiometabolic Changes in Sirtuin1-Heterozygous Mice on High-Fat Diet and Melatonin Supplementation.

Favero, Gaia / Golic, Igor / Arnaboldi, Francesca / Cappella, Annalisa / Korac, Aleksandra / Monsalve, Maria / Stacchiotti, Alessandra / Rezzani, Rita

International journal of molecular sciences

2024 Volume 25, Issue 2

Abstract: A hypercaloric fatty diet predisposes an individual to metabolic syndrome and cardiovascular complications. Sirtuin1 (SIRT1) belongs to the class III histone deacetylase family and sustains anabolism, mitochondrial biogenesis, and fat distribution. ... ...

Abstract	A hypercaloric fatty diet predisposes an individual to metabolic syndrome and cardiovascular complications. Sirtuin1 (SIRT1) belongs to the class III histone deacetylase family and sustains anabolism, mitochondrial biogenesis, and fat distribution. Epididymal white adipose tissue (eWAT) is involved in inflammation, whilst interscapular brown adipose tissue (iBAT) drives metabolism in obese rodents. Melatonin, a pineal indoleamine, acting as a SIRT1 modulator, may alleviate cardiometabolic damage. In the present study, we morphologically characterized the heart, eWAT, and iBAT in male heterozygous SIRT1
MeSH term(s)	Male ; Animals ; Mice ; Diet, High-Fat/adverse effects ; Melatonin/pharmacology ; Sirtuin 1/genetics ; Cardiovascular Diseases ; Dietary Supplements
Chemical Substances	Melatonin (JL5DK93RCL) ; Sirtuin 1 (EC 3.5.1.-)
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-01-10
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2019364-6
ISSN	1422-0067 ; 1422-0067 ; 1661-6596
ISSN (online)	1422-0067
ISSN	1422-0067 ; 1661-6596
DOI	10.3390/ijms25020860
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Article: Polyphenols–Gut–Heart: An Impactful Relationship to Improve Cardiovascular Diseases

Bianchi, Francesca / Cappella, Annalisa / Gagliano, Nicoletta / Sfondrini, Lucia / Stacchiotti, Alessandra

Antioxidants. 2022 Aug. 30, v. 11, no. 9

2022

Abstract	A healthy gut provides the perfect habitat for trillions of bacteria, called the intestinal microbiota, which is greatly responsive to the long-term diet; it exists in a symbiotic relationship with the host and provides circulating metabolites, hormones, and cytokines necessary for human metabolism. The gut–heart axis is a novel emerging concept based on the accumulating evidence that a perturbed gut microbiota, called dysbiosis, plays a role as a risk factor in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular disease. Consequently, recovery of the gut microbiota composition and function could represent a potential new avenue for improving patient outcomes. Despite their low absorption, preclinical evidence indicates that polyphenols and their metabolites are transformed by intestinal bacteria and halt detrimental microbes’ colonization in the host. Moreover, their metabolites are potentially effective in human health due to antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-cancer effects. The aim of this review is to provide an overview of the causal role of gut dysbiosis in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis, hypertension, and heart failure; to discuss the beneficial effects of polyphenols on the intestinal microbiota, and to hypothesize polyphenols or their derivatives as an opportunity to prevent and treat cardiovascular diseases by shaping gut eubiosis.
Keywords	absorption ; antioxidants ; atherosclerosis ; cytokines ; diet ; dysbiosis ; habitats ; heart failure ; human health ; humans ; hypertension ; intestinal microorganisms ; intestines ; metabolism ; metabolites ; pathogenesis ; patients ; polyphenols ; risk factors ; symbiosis
Language	English
Dates of publication	2022-0830
Publishing place	Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
Document type	Article
ZDB-ID	2704216-9
ISSN	2076-3921
ISSN	2076-3921
DOI	10.3390/antiox11091700
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article ; Online: Impact of Melatonin on Skeletal Muscle and Exercise.

Stacchiotti, Alessandra / Favero, Gaia / Rodella, Luigi Fabrizio

Cells

2020 Volume 9, Issue 2

Abstract: Skeletal muscle disorders are dramatically increasing with human aging with enormous sanitary costs and impact on the quality of life. Preventive and therapeutic tools to limit onset and progression of muscle frailty include nutrition and physical ... ...

Abstract	Skeletal muscle disorders are dramatically increasing with human aging with enormous sanitary costs and impact on the quality of life. Preventive and therapeutic tools to limit onset and progression of muscle frailty include nutrition and physical training. Melatonin, the indole produced at nighttime in pineal and extra-pineal sites in mammalians, has recognized anti-aging, anti-inflammatory, and anti-oxidant properties. Mitochondria are the favorite target of melatonin, which maintains them efficiently, scavenging free radicals and reducing oxidative damage. Here, we discuss the most recent evidence of dietary melatonin efficacy in age-related skeletal muscle disorders in cellular, preclinical, and clinical studies. Furthermore, we analyze the emerging impact of melatonin on physical activity. Finally, we consider the newest evidence of the gut-muscle axis and the influence of exercise and probably melatonin on the microbiota. In our opinion, this review reinforces the relevance of melatonin as a safe nutraceutical that limits skeletal muscle frailty and prolongs physical performance.
MeSH term(s)	Aging/drug effects ; Animals ; Antioxidants/pharmacology ; Exercise/physiology ; Gastrointestinal Microbiome/drug effects ; Humans ; Melatonin/metabolism ; Melatonin/pharmacology ; Mitochondria/drug effects ; Mitochondria/metabolism ; Muscle, Skeletal/drug effects ; Muscle, Skeletal/pathology ; Oxidative Stress/drug effects
Chemical Substances	Antioxidants ; Melatonin (JL5DK93RCL)
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-01-24
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	2661518-6
ISSN	2073-4409 ; 2073-4409
ISSN (online)	2073-4409
ISSN	2073-4409
DOI	10.3390/cells9020288
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article: Sexual Dimorphism of Cranial Morphological Traits in an Italian Sample: A Population-Specific Logistic Regression Model for Predicting Sex

Cappella, Annalisa / Bertoglio, Barbara / Di Maso, Matteo / Mazzarelli, Debora / Affatato, Luciana / Stacchiotti, Alessandra / Sforza, Chiarella / Cattaneo, Cristina

Biology. 2022 Aug. 10, v. 11, no. 8

2022

Abstract: Although not without subjectivity, the cranial trait scoring method is an easy visual method routinely used by forensic anthropologists in sex estimation. The revision presented by Walker in 2008 has introduced predictive models with good accuracies in ... ...

Abstract	Although not without subjectivity, the cranial trait scoring method is an easy visual method routinely used by forensic anthropologists in sex estimation. The revision presented by Walker in 2008 has introduced predictive models with good accuracies in the original populations. However, such models may lead to unsatisfactory performances when applied to populations that are different from the original. Therefore, this study aimed to test the sex predictive equations reported by Walker on a contemporary Italian population (177 individuals) in order to evaluate the reliability of the method and to identify potential sexual dimorphic differences between American and Italian individuals. In order to provide new reference data to be used by forensic experts dealing with human remains of modern/contemporary individuals from this geographical area, we designed logistic regression models specific to our population, whose accuracy was evaluated on a validation sample from the same population. In particular, we fitted logistic regression models for all possible combinations of the five cranial morphological traits (i.e., nuchal crest, mastoid process, orbital margin, glabella, and mental eminence). This approach provided a comprehensive set of population-specific equations that can be used in forensic contexts where crania might be retrieved with severe taphonomic damages, thus limiting the application of the method only to a few morphological features. The results proved once again that the effects of secular changes and biogeographic ancestry on sexual dimorphism of cranial morphological traits are remarkable, as highlighted by the low accuracy (from 56% to 78%) of the six Walker’s equations when applied to our female sample. Among our fitted models, the one including the glabella and mastoid process was the most accurate since these features are more sexually dimorphic in our population. Finally, our models proved to have high predictive performances in both training and validation samples, with accuracy percentages up to 91.7% for Italian females, which represents a significant success in minimizing the potential misclassifications in real forensic scenarios.
Keywords	ancestry ; females ; forensic sciences ; geographical distribution ; humans ; regression analysis ; sexual dimorphism
Language	English
Dates of publication	2022-0810
Publishing place	Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
Document type	Article
ZDB-ID	2661517-4
ISSN	2079-7737
ISSN	2079-7737
DOI	10.3390/biology11081202
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article: Sexual Dimorphism of Cranial Morphological Traits in an Italian Sample: A Population-Specific Logistic Regression Model for Predicting Sex.

Cappella, Annalisa / Bertoglio, Barbara / Di Maso, Matteo / Mazzarelli, Debora / Affatato, Luciana / Stacchiotti, Alessandra / Sforza, Chiarella / Cattaneo, Cristina

Biology

2022 Volume 11, Issue 8

Abstract	Although not without subjectivity, the cranial trait scoring method is an easy visual method routinely used by forensic anthropologists in sex estimation. The revision presented by Walker in 2008 has introduced predictive models with good accuracies in the original populations. However, such models may lead to unsatisfactory performances when applied to populations that are different from the original. Therefore, this study aimed to test the sex predictive equations reported by Walker on a contemporary Italian population (177 individuals) in order to evaluate the reliability of the method and to identify potential sexual dimorphic differences between American and Italian individuals. In order to provide new reference data to be used by forensic experts dealing with human remains of modern/contemporary individuals from this geographical area, we designed logistic regression models specific to our population, whose accuracy was evaluated on a validation sample from the same population. In particular, we fitted logistic regression models for all possible combinations of the five cranial morphological traits (i.e., nuchal crest, mastoid process, orbital margin, glabella, and mental eminence). This approach provided a comprehensive set of population-specific equations that can be used in forensic contexts where crania might be retrieved with severe taphonomic damages, thus limiting the application of the method only to a few morphological features. The results proved once again that the effects of secular changes and biogeographic ancestry on sexual dimorphism of cranial morphological traits are remarkable, as highlighted by the low accuracy (from 56% to 78%) of the six Walker's equations when applied to our female sample. Among our fitted models, the one including the glabella and mastoid process was the most accurate since these features are more sexually dimorphic in our population. Finally, our models proved to have high predictive performances in both training and validation samples, with accuracy percentages up to 91.7% for Italian females, which represents a significant success in minimizing the potential misclassifications in real forensic scenarios.
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-08-10
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2661517-4
ISSN	2079-7737
ISSN	2079-7737
DOI	10.3390/biology11081202
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Article: Sirtuin1 Role in the Melatonin Protective Effects Against Obesity-Related Heart Injury.

Favero, Gaia / Franco, Caterina / Stacchiotti, Alessandra / Rodella, Luigi Fabrizio / Rezzani, Rita

publication RETRACTED

Frontiers in physiology

2020 Volume 11, Page(s) 103

Abstract: Obesity is a worldwide epidemic disease that induces important structural and functional changes to the heart and predisposes a patient to devastating cardiac complications. Sirtuin1 (SIRT1) has been found to have roles in regulating cardiac function, ... ...

Abstract	Obesity is a worldwide epidemic disease that induces important structural and functional changes to the heart and predisposes a patient to devastating cardiac complications. Sirtuin1 (SIRT1) has been found to have roles in regulating cardiac function, but whether it can help in cardioprotection is not clear. The aim of the present study was to determine whether melatonin, by modulating SIRT1 and in turn mitochondria signaling, may alleviate obesity-induced cardiac injuries. We investigated 10 lean control mice and 10 leptin-deficient obese mice (
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-03-11
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article ; Retracted Publication
ZDB-ID	2564217-0
ISSN	1664-042X
ISSN	1664-042X
DOI	10.3389/fphys.2020.00103
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