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  1. Article ; Online: Local-time averaged maps of H

    Stallard, Tom S / Baines, Kevin H / Melin, Henrik / Bradley, Thomas J / Moore, Luke / O'Donoghue, James / Miller, Steve / Chowdhury, Mohammad N / Badman, Sarah V / Allison, Hayley J / Roussos, Elias

    Philosophical transactions. Series A, Mathematical, physical, and engineering sciences

    2019  Volume 377, Issue 2154, Page(s) 20180405

    Abstract: We present Keck-NIRSPEC observations of Saturn's [Formula: see text] aurora taken over a period of a month, in support of the Cassini mission's 'Grand Finale'. These observations produce two-dimensional maps of Saturn's [Formula: see text] temperature ... ...

    Abstract We present Keck-NIRSPEC observations of Saturn's [Formula: see text] aurora taken over a period of a month, in support of the Cassini mission's 'Grand Finale'. These observations produce two-dimensional maps of Saturn's [Formula: see text] temperature and ion winds for the first time. These maps show surprising complexity, with different morphologies seen in each night. The [Formula: see text] ion winds reveal multiple arcs of 0.5-1 km s
    Language English
    Publishing date 2019-08-05
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 208381-4
    ISSN 1471-2962 ; 0080-4614 ; 0264-3820 ; 0264-3952 ; 1364-503X
    ISSN (online) 1471-2962
    ISSN 0080-4614 ; 0264-3820 ; 0264-3952 ; 1364-503X
    DOI 10.1098/rsta.2018.0405
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article: The Great Cold Spot in Jupiter's upper atmosphere.

    Stallard, Tom S / Melin, Henrik / Miller, Steve / Moore, Luke / O'Donoghue, James / Connerney, John E P / Satoh, Takehiko / West, Robert A / Thayer, Jeffrey P / Hsu, Vicki W / Johnson, Rosie E

    Geophysical research letters

    2017  Volume 44, Issue 7, Page(s) 3000–3008

    Abstract: Past observations and modeling of Jupiter's thermosphere have, due to their limited resolution, suggested that heat generated by the aurora near the poles results in a smooth thermal gradient away from these aurorae, indicating a quiescent and diffuse ... ...

    Abstract Past observations and modeling of Jupiter's thermosphere have, due to their limited resolution, suggested that heat generated by the aurora near the poles results in a smooth thermal gradient away from these aurorae, indicating a quiescent and diffuse flow of energy within the subauroral thermosphere. Here we discuss Very Large Telescope-Cryogenic High-Resolution IR Echelle Spectrometer observations that reveal a small-scale localized cooling of ~200 K within the nonauroral thermosphere. Using Infrared Telescope Facility NSFCam images, this feature is revealed to be quasi-stable over at least a 15 year period, fixed in magnetic latitude and longitude. The size and shape of this "Great Cold Spot" vary significantly with time, strongly suggesting that it is produced by an aurorally generated weather system: the first direct evidence of a long-term thermospheric vortex in the solar system. We discuss the implications of this spot, comparing it with short-term temperature and density variations at Earth.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2017-04-10
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 7403-2
    ISSN 0094-8276
    ISSN 0094-8276
    DOI 10.1002/2016GL071956
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article: Temperature changes and energy inputs in giant planet atmospheres: what we are learning from H3+.

    Stallard, Tom S / Melin, Henrik / Miller, Steve / O'Donoghue, James / Cowley, Stan W H / Badman, Sarah V / Adriani, Alberto / Brown, Robert H / Baines, Kevin H

    Philosophical transactions. Series A, Mathematical, physical, and engineering sciences

    2012  Volume 370, Issue 1978, Page(s) 5213–5224

    Abstract: Since its discovery at Jupiter in 1988, emission from H(3)(+) has been used as a valuable diagnostic tool in our understanding of the upper atmospheres of the giant planets. One of the lasting questions we have about the giant planets is why the measured ...

    Abstract Since its discovery at Jupiter in 1988, emission from H(3)(+) has been used as a valuable diagnostic tool in our understanding of the upper atmospheres of the giant planets. One of the lasting questions we have about the giant planets is why the measured upper atmosphere temperatures are always consistently hotter than the temperatures expected from solar heating alone. Here, we describe how H(3)(+) forms across each of the planetary disks of Jupiter, Saturn and Uranus, presenting the first observations of equatorial H(3)(+) at Saturn and the first profile of H(3)(+) emission at Uranus not significantly distorted by the effects of the Earth's atmosphere. We also review past observations of variations in temperature measured at Uranus and Jupiter over a wide variety of time scales. To this, we add new observations of temperature changes at Saturn, using observations by Cassini. We conclude that the causes of the significant level of thermal variability observed over all three planets is not only an important question in itself, but that explaining these variations could be the key to answering the more general question of why giant planet upper atmospheres are so hot.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2012-11-13
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 208381-4
    ISSN 1471-2962 ; 1364-503X ; 0080-4614 ; 0264-3820 ; 0264-3952
    ISSN (online) 1471-2962
    ISSN 1364-503X ; 0080-4614 ; 0264-3820 ; 0264-3952
    DOI 10.1098/rsta.2012.0028
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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