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  1. Article ; Online: Characterization of HIV variants from paired Cerebrospinal fluid and Plasma samples in primary microglia and CD4

    Gumbs, Stephanie B H / Stam, Arjen J / Mudrikova, Tania / Schipper, Pauline J / Hoepelman, Andy I M / van Ham, Petra M / Borst, Anne L / Hofstra, LMarije / Gharu, Lavina / van Wyk, Stephanie / Wilkinson, Eduan / de Witte, Lot D / Wensing, Annemarie M J / Nijhuis, Monique

    Journal of neurovirology

    2024  

    Abstract: Despite antiretroviral therapy (ART), HIV persistence in the central nervous system (CNS) continues to cause a range of cognitive impairments in people living with HIV (PLWH). Upon disease progression, transmigrating CCR5-using T-cell tropic viruses are ... ...

    Abstract Despite antiretroviral therapy (ART), HIV persistence in the central nervous system (CNS) continues to cause a range of cognitive impairments in people living with HIV (PLWH). Upon disease progression, transmigrating CCR5-using T-cell tropic viruses are hypothesized to evolve into macrophage-tropic viruses in the CNS that can efficiently infect low CD4-expressing cells, such as microglia. We examined HIV-1 RNA concentration, co-receptor usage, and CSF compartmentalization in paired CSF and blood samples from 19 adults not on treatment. Full-length envelope CSF- and plasma-derived reporter viruses were generated from 3 subjects and phenotypically characterized in human primary CD4
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-05-07
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1283265-0
    ISSN 1538-2443 ; 1355-0284
    ISSN (online) 1538-2443
    ISSN 1355-0284
    DOI 10.1007/s13365-024-01207-w
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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    In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

    Zs.A 4426: Show issues Location:
    Je nach Verfügbarkeit (siehe Angabe bei Bestand)
    bis Jg. 1994: Bestellungen von Artikeln über das Online-Bestellformular
    Jg. 1995 - 2021: Lesesall (2.OG)
    ab Jg. 2022: Lesesaal (EG)

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  2. Article ; Online: Reptile-associated Salmonella urinary tract infection: a case report.

    Bruning, Andrea H L / Beld, Maaike van den / Laverge, Jeroen / Welkers, Matthijs R A / Kuil, Sacha D / Bruisten, Sylvia M / van Dam, Alje P / Stam, Arjen J

    Diagnostic microbiology and infectious disease

    2023  Volume 105, Issue 4, Page(s) 115889

    Abstract: We present an 18-year-old woman with a urinary tract infection caused by Salmonella Oranienburg. S. Oranienburg was isolated from her pet snake and confirmed as the source of infection using whole genome sequencing. Our case demonstrates the risk of ... ...

    Abstract We present an 18-year-old woman with a urinary tract infection caused by Salmonella Oranienburg. S. Oranienburg was isolated from her pet snake and confirmed as the source of infection using whole genome sequencing. Our case demonstrates the risk of acquiring reptile-associated salmonellosis and stretches the need for awareness to prevent these infections.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Animals ; Female ; Adolescent ; Zoonoses/prevention & control ; Salmonella Infections, Animal/diagnosis ; Salmonella/genetics ; Reptiles ; Urinary Tract Infections/diagnosis ; Urinary Tract Infections/drug therapy
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-01-04
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Case Reports
    ZDB-ID 604920-5
    ISSN 1879-0070 ; 0732-8893
    ISSN (online) 1879-0070
    ISSN 0732-8893
    DOI 10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2022.115889
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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    In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

    Zs.A 1845: Show issues Location:
    Je nach Verfügbarkeit (siehe Angabe bei Bestand)
    bis Jg. 1994: Bestellungen von Artikeln über das Online-Bestellformular
    Jg. 1995 - 2021: Lesesall (1.OG)
    ab Jg. 2022: Lesesaal (EG)

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  3. Article ; Online: Dynamics of Low-Level Viremia and Immune Activation after Switching to a Darunavir-Based Regimen.

    Stam, Arjen J / Buchholtz, Ninée V E J / Bierman, Wouter F W / van Crevel, Reinout / Hoepelman, Andy I M / Claassen, Mark A A / Ammerlaan, Heidi S M / van Welzen, Berend J / van Kasteren, Marjo E E / van Lelyveld, Steven F L / de Jong, Dorien / Tesselaar, Kiki / van Luin, Matthijs / Nijhuis, Monique / Wensing, Annemarie M J / Lowerit Study Team

    Viruses

    2024  Volume 16, Issue 2

    Abstract: There is an ongoing debate regarding whether low-level viremia (LLV), in particular persistent LLV, during HIV treatment with optimal adherence originates from low-level viral replication, viral production, or both. We performed an observational study in ...

    Abstract There is an ongoing debate regarding whether low-level viremia (LLV), in particular persistent LLV, during HIV treatment with optimal adherence originates from low-level viral replication, viral production, or both. We performed an observational study in 30 individuals with LLV who switched to a boosted darunavir (DRV)-based therapy. In-depth virological analyses were used to characterize the viral population and the (activity) of the viral reservoir. Immune activation was examined using cell-bound and soluble markers. The primary outcome was defined as the effect on HIV-RNA and was categorized by responders (<50 cp/mL) or non-responders (>50 cp/mL). At week 24, 53% of the individuals were considered responders, 40% non-responders, and 7% could not be assigned. Sequencing showed no evolution or selection of drug resistance in the non-responders. Production of defective virus with mutations in either the protease (D25N) or RT active site contributed to persistent LLV in two individuals. We show that in about half of the study participants, the switch to a DRV-based regimen resulted in a viral response indicative of ongoing low-level viral replication as the cause of LLV before the switch. Our data confirm that in clinical management, high genetic barrier drugs like DRV are a safe choice, irrespective of the source of LLV.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Darunavir/therapeutic use ; Darunavir/pharmacology ; Viremia ; HIV Infections/drug therapy ; Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active ; Sequence Analysis ; Viral Load ; Anti-HIV Agents/pharmacology
    Chemical Substances Darunavir (YO603Y8113) ; Anti-HIV Agents
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-01-25
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Observational Study ; Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2516098-9
    ISSN 1999-4915 ; 1999-4915
    ISSN (online) 1999-4915
    ISSN 1999-4915
    DOI 10.3390/v16020182
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  4. Article ; Online: Differential genotypic evolution of HIV-1 quasispecies in cerebrospinal fluid and plasma: a systematic review.

    Stam, Arjen J / Nijhuis, Monique / van den Bergh, Walter M / Wensing, Annemarie M J

    AIDS reviews

    2013  Volume 15, Issue 3, Page(s) 152–161

    Abstract: HIV-1 enters the central nervous system by passing the blood-brain barrier during primary infection. Despite the introduction of combination antiretroviral therapy, the prevalence of HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders remains high and is probably ... ...

    Abstract HIV-1 enters the central nervous system by passing the blood-brain barrier during primary infection. Despite the introduction of combination antiretroviral therapy, the prevalence of HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders remains high and is probably related to ongoing viral neuropathological processes. The central nervous system forms a distinct physiological, cellular, and pharmacological environment. We aimed to systematically review whether the central nervous system also constitutes a distinct virological compartment, allowing differential genotypic evolution of HIV-1. Only original research papers that compared paired plasma/cerebrospinal fluid samples for drug resistance associated mutations as defined by the IAS-USA Drug Resistance Mutations Panel or compared viral envelope (env) patterns or coreceptor prediction were included. If available, HIV RNA levels were included in the analysis, with a relevant difference defined as 0.5 log10 copies/ml. Data from 35 reports with heterogeneous study design and methods was pooled and statistical analysis was performed as appropriate. A total of 555 subjects with 671 samples could be included in this review. We observed that compartmentalization of the central nervous system occurs frequently as reflected by differences in HIV viral load, resistance associated mutations, and viral coreceptor tropism preference.
    MeSH term(s) AIDS Dementia Complex/genetics ; AIDS Dementia Complex/metabolism ; Anti-HIV Agents/pharmacology ; Blood-Brain Barrier/metabolism ; Blood-Brain Barrier/virology ; Drug Resistance, Viral/genetics ; Evolution, Molecular ; Female ; Genotype ; HIV-1/genetics ; HIV-1/physiology ; Humans ; Male ; Mutation ; Phylogeny ; RNA, Viral/metabolism ; Viral Tropism
    Chemical Substances Anti-HIV Agents ; RNA, Viral
    Language English
    Publishing date 2013-07
    Publishing country Spain
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Review
    ZDB-ID 2086783-9
    ISSN 1698-6997 ; 1139-6121
    ISSN (online) 1698-6997
    ISSN 1139-6121
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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    In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

    Zs.A 5711: Show issues Location:
    Je nach Verfügbarkeit (siehe Angabe bei Bestand)
    bis Jg. 1994: Bestellungen von Artikeln über das Online-Bestellformular
    Jg. 1995 - 2021: Lesesall (2.OG)
    ab Jg. 2022: Lesesaal (EG)

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  5. Article ; Online: Residual viremia is preceding viral blips and persistent low-level viremia in treated HIV-1 patients.

    Hofstra, Laura Marije / Mudrikova, Tania / Stam, Arjen J / Otto, Sigrid / Tesselaar, Kiki / Nijhuis, Monique / Wensing, Annemarie M J

    PloS one

    2014  Volume 9, Issue 10, Page(s) e110749

    Abstract: Background: It has been suggested that low-level viremia or blips in HIV-infected patients on antiretroviral treatment are related to assay variation and/or increased sensitivity of new commercial assays. The 50-copy cut-off for virologic failure is, ... ...

    Abstract Background: It has been suggested that low-level viremia or blips in HIV-infected patients on antiretroviral treatment are related to assay variation and/or increased sensitivity of new commercial assays. The 50-copy cut-off for virologic failure is, therefore, under debate.
    Methods: Treated patients with low-level viremia (persistent viral loads (VL) of 50-1000 copies/mL, group A, N = 16) or a blip (single detectable VL, group B, N = 77) were compared to a control group (consistently suppressed viremia since start therapy (<50 copies/mL), N = 79). Residual viremia (detectable viral RNA <50 copies/ml) in the year preceding the first VL above 50 copies/mL (T0) was determined using Roche Cobas-Amplicor v1.5 or CAP-CTM v2.0. Subsequent virologic failure (2 consecutive VLs>500 or 1 VL>1000 copies/mL that was not followed by a VL<50 copies/mL; median follow up 34 months) was assessed.
    Results: Significantly more patients in groups A and B had residual viremia in the year preceding T0 compared to controls (50% and 19% vs 3% respectively; p<0.001). Residual viremia was associated with development of low-level viremia or blips (OR 10.9 (95% CI 2.9-40.6)). Subsequent virologic failure was seen more often in group A (3/16) and B (2/77) than in the control group (0/79).
    Conclusion: Residual viremia is associated with development of blips and low-level viremia. Virologic failure occurred more often in patients with low-level viremia. These results suggest that low-level viremia results from viral production/replication rather than only assay variation.
    MeSH term(s) Adult ; Anti-Retroviral Agents/therapeutic use ; Female ; HIV Infections/blood ; HIV Infections/complications ; HIV Infections/drug therapy ; HIV-1/genetics ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; RNA, Viral/analysis ; Viral Load ; Viremia/virology
    Chemical Substances Anti-Retroviral Agents ; RNA, Viral
    Language English
    Publishing date 2014-10-29
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ISSN 1932-6203
    ISSN (online) 1932-6203
    DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0110749
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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