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  1. Article ; Online: Renal artery occlusive disease, renin-angiotensin-aldosterone, inflammation, and refractory arterial hypertension, a half-century's perspective.

    Stanley, James C

    Journal of vascular surgery

    2022  Volume 76, Issue 1, Page(s) 46–52

    MeSH term(s) Aldosterone ; Angiotensin II ; Angiotensins ; Blood Pressure ; Humans ; Hypertension/diagnosis ; Hypertension/drug therapy ; Inflammation ; Renal Artery ; Renin ; Renin-Angiotensin System
    Chemical Substances Angiotensins ; Angiotensin II (11128-99-7) ; Aldosterone (4964P6T9RB) ; Renin (EC 3.4.23.15)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-03-04
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 605700-7
    ISSN 1097-6809 ; 0741-5214
    ISSN (online) 1097-6809
    ISSN 0741-5214
    DOI 10.1016/j.jvs.2022.02.033
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article ; Online: Tailored Prompting to Improve Adherence to Image-Based Dietary Assessment: Mixed Methods Study.

    Lee, Lachlan / Hall, Rosemary / Stanley, James / Krebs, Jeremy

    JMIR mHealth and uHealth

    2024  Volume 12, Page(s) e52074

    Abstract: Background: Accurately assessing an individual's diet is vital in the management of personal nutrition and in the study of the effect of diet on health. Despite its importance, the tools available for dietary assessment remain either too imprecise, ... ...

    Abstract Background: Accurately assessing an individual's diet is vital in the management of personal nutrition and in the study of the effect of diet on health. Despite its importance, the tools available for dietary assessment remain either too imprecise, expensive, or burdensome for clinical or research use. Image-based methods offer a potential new tool to improve the reliability and accessibility of dietary assessment. Though promising, image-based methods are sensitive to adherence, as images cannot be captured from meals that have already been consumed. Adherence to image-based methods may be improved with appropriately timed prompting via text message.
    Objective: This study aimed to quantitatively examine the effect of prompt timing on adherence to an image-based dietary record and qualitatively explore the participant experience of dietary assessment in order to inform the design of a novel image-based dietary assessment tool.
    Methods: This study used a randomized crossover design to examine the intraindividual effect of 3 prompt settings on the number of images captured in an image-based dietary record. The prompt settings were control, where no prompts were sent; standard, where prompts were sent at 7:15 AM, 11:15 AM, and 5:15 PM for every participant; and tailored, where prompt timing was tailored to habitual meal times for each participant. Participants completed a text-based dietary record at baseline to determine the timing of tailored prompts. Participants were randomized to 1 of 6 study sequences, each with a unique order of the 3 prompt settings, with each 3-day image-based dietary record separated by a washout period of at least 7 days. The qualitative component comprised semistructured interviews and questionnaires exploring the experience of dietary assessment.
    Results: A total of 37 people were recruited, and 30 participants (11 male, 19 female; mean age 30, SD 10.8 years), completed all image-based dietary records. The image rate increased by 0.83 images per day in the standard setting compared to control (P=.23) and increased by 1.78 images per day in the tailored setting compared to control (P≤.001). We found that 13/21 (62%) of participants preferred to use the image-based dietary record versus the text-based dietary record but reported method-specific challenges with each method, particularly the inability to record via an image after a meal had been consumed.
    Conclusions: Tailored prompting improves adherence to image-based dietary assessment. Future image-based dietary assessment tools should use tailored prompting and offer both image-based and written input options to improve record completeness.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Male ; Female ; Adult ; Reproducibility of Results ; Diet ; Text Messaging ; Surveys and Questionnaires
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-04-15
    Publishing country Canada
    Document type Randomized Controlled Trial ; Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2719220-9
    ISSN 2291-5222 ; 2291-5222
    ISSN (online) 2291-5222
    ISSN 2291-5222
    DOI 10.2196/52074
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article ; Online: The impact of racism on subsequent healthcare use and experiences for adult New Zealanders: a prospective cohort study.

    Harris, Ricci / Cormack, Donna / Waa, Andrew / Edwards, Richard / Stanley, James

    BMC public health

    2024  Volume 24, Issue 1, Page(s) 136

    Abstract: Background: Racism is an important determinant of health and driver of racial/ethnic health inequities. Experience of racism has been linked to negative healthcare use and experiences although most studies have been cross-sectional. This study examines ... ...

    Abstract Background: Racism is an important determinant of health and driver of racial/ethnic health inequities. Experience of racism has been linked to negative healthcare use and experiences although most studies have been cross-sectional. This study examines the relationship between reported experience of racism and subsequent use and experience of health services.
    Methods: This is a prospective cohort study design. The 2016/2017 adult New Zealand Health Survey (NZHS) provided the sampling frame and baseline data on exposures, health status and confounders. This stand-alone study invited all exposed individuals to participate when sampled based on their reported experience of racism (ever), stratified by broad ethnic groupings (Māori, Pacific, Asian, European/Other). Equal numbers of unexposed participants were selected for invitation using propensity score matching (propensity to experience racism, based on key available predictive factors). Follow-up was one to two years after NZHS interview. Outcome variables (last 12 months) were: unmet healthcare need (overall, for mental health, for a general practitioner); satisfaction with usual medical centre; and experiences with general practitioners (explaining care, involvement in decision-making, treated with respect/dignity, confidence and trust). Logistic regression models examining the association between experience of racism (at baseline) and health service use and experience (at follow-up) used doubly-robust estimation to weight for propensity scores used in the sampling with additional adjustment for confounders.
    Results: The study had 2010 participants. Experience of racism (ever) at baseline was associated with higher overall unmet need at follow-up (adjusted OR (aOR) = 1.71, 95% CI 1.31, 2.23), with similar patterns for other unmet need measures. Experience of racism was associated with higher dissatisfaction with a usual medical centre (aOR = 1.41, 95% CI 1.10, 1.81) and with higher reporting of negative patient experiences.
    Conclusion: In line with how racism structures oppression, exposure to racism is largely felt by non-European groups in Aotearoa New Zealand. Experiences of racism potentially lead to poorer healthcare and healthcare inequities through higher unmet need, lower satisfaction and more negative experiences of healthcare. The health system has a critical role to play in addressing racism within healthcare and supporting societal efforts to eliminate racism and ethnic inequities.
    MeSH term(s) Adult ; Humans ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Delivery of Health Care ; New Zealand ; Prospective Studies ; Racism
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-01-09
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 2041338-5
    ISSN 1471-2458 ; 1471-2458
    ISSN (online) 1471-2458
    ISSN 1471-2458
    DOI 10.1186/s12889-023-17603-6
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  4. Article ; Online: New Zealand adolescents' responses to plain packaging and new pictorial warning labels: Repeat cross-sectional survey analysis.

    Edwards, Richard / Thomas, Lathan / Stanley, James / Hoek, Janet

    Australian and New Zealand journal of public health

    2023  Volume 47, Issue 4, Page(s) 100066

    Abstract: Objective: This article aims to examine the impact on adolescents of New Zealand's 2018 legislation introducing plain (standardised) packaging and enhanced pictorial warning labels (PWLs).: Methods: Data came from Year 10 (14-15 years old) students ... ...

    Abstract Objective: This article aims to examine the impact on adolescents of New Zealand's 2018 legislation introducing plain (standardised) packaging and enhanced pictorial warning labels (PWLs).
    Methods: Data came from Year 10 (14-15 years old) students in the 2016 (2,884 participants) and 2018 (2,689 participants) Youth Insights Surveys conducted 2 years before and immediately after legislation implementation. We used binary and ordinal logistic regression to investigate changes in brand awareness and preference, brand and pack appeal, and PWL salience and impact.
    Results: The proportion of all participants, and ever, ex/experimental and current smokers who could name one or five tobacco product brands decreased in 2018. There was a modest and nonstatistically significant decrease in the proportion of current smokers citing brand name and image, and a larger decrease in the proportion stating perceived harm to health, influenced preferred brand choice. Having a preferred brand among current smokers and pack appeal, and PWL salience and impact among ex/experimental and current smokers were largely unchanged.
    Conclusions: We found preliminary evidence that plain packaging and enhanced PWLs reduced tobacco brand awareness and salience, and misperceptions about tobacco brand harmfulness. Data collection occurred shortly after implementation. Additional studies are required to assess longer term impacts of these interventions.
    Public health implications: The findings complement existing evidence documenting the impact of plain packaging and PWLs on adolescents. Given limitations due to the proximity of the 2018 survey to legislation implementation, further studies with longer follow-up are required.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Adolescent ; Smoking ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Product Labeling/methods ; New Zealand ; Product Packaging/methods ; Tobacco Products ; Surveys and Questionnaires
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-06-09
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1323548-5
    ISSN 1753-6405 ; 1326-0200
    ISSN (online) 1753-6405
    ISSN 1326-0200
    DOI 10.1016/j.anzjph.2023.100066
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  5. Article ; Online: Addressing Intergenerational Inequity in Tobacco-Harm: What Helps Children of Smokers to Remain Nonsmokers?

    Ball, Jude / Zhang, Jane / Stanley, James / Waa, Andrew / Crengle, Sue / Edwards, Richard

    Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco

    2024  Volume 26, Issue 1, Page(s) 102–110

    Abstract: Introduction: Children of people who smoke are more likely to take up smoking themselves. In Aotearoa New Zealand (NZ), adolescent smoking declined dramatically between 2000 and 2016 despite limited change in parental smoking, demonstrating that the ... ...

    Abstract Introduction: Children of people who smoke are more likely to take up smoking themselves. In Aotearoa New Zealand (NZ), adolescent smoking declined dramatically between 2000 and 2016 despite limited change in parental smoking, demonstrating that the cycle can be broken.
    Aims and methods: This study aimed to identify modifiable factors associated with never smoking in Year 10 students (14-15 years) who had at least one caregiver who smoked. We used data from the Youth Insights Survey (2016 and 2018, pooled, N = 5,422) and identified students with at least one caregiver (mother, father, grandparent, other caregiver) who smoked (N = 2,205). To investigate modifiable factors potentially associated with nonsmoking we used logistic regression with marginally adjusted prevalence estimates.
    Results: Overall, 41% of students had at least one caregiver who smoked. In this group, the majority (65%) had never smoked themselves. After adjustment, never-smoking was more prevalent among students attending low-deprivation (more affluent) schools (73% had never smoked) compared to high-deprivation schools (44%); students not exposed to others' smoking inside the home (72%) or in cars (70%) in the past week compared to those exposed (59% and 51%, respectively); and students whose parents would be upset if they were caught smoking (68% vs 49% for those whose parents would not be upset), or who had high self-esteem (69% vs 55% for those with low self-esteem).
    Conclusions: Modifiable factors independently associated with non-smoking in adolescents with caregiver(s) who smoked were: nonexposure to smoking inside the home and in cars, parental expectations of nonsmoking, and high self-esteem.
    Implications: Even in countries like NZ with relatively low adult smoking rates, children's exposure to caregiver smoking may be prevalent, particularly in structurally disadvantaged populations. This study suggests that action to promote smokefree homes and cars, build high self-esteem in young people, and communicate expectations of non-smoking are likely to help children of people who smoke to remain nonsmokers. A comprehensive approach that also addresses "upstream" factors (eg, socioeconomic deprivation) and underlying causes of structural inequity (eg, institutional racism) is needed. Such policy and community action may help to break intergenerational cycles of tobacco use and health inequity.
    MeSH term(s) Adolescent ; Child ; Female ; Humans ; Non-Smokers ; Parents ; Smokers ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Tobacco Smoke Pollution ; Health Inequities ; Tobacco Products
    Chemical Substances Tobacco Smoke Pollution
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-02-05
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1452315-2
    ISSN 1469-994X ; 1462-2203
    ISSN (online) 1469-994X
    ISSN 1462-2203
    DOI 10.1093/ntr/ntad148
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  6. Article ; Online: Exposure to topiramate and acetazolamide causes endocrine disrupting effects in female rats during estrus.

    Kamp-Jensen, Christina / Donslund, Louise Norgil / Styrishave, Bjarne / Jensen, Rigmor Højland / Westgate, Connar Stanley James

    Toxicology and applied pharmacology

    2024  Volume 486, Page(s) 116919

    Abstract: Background: Idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH) is a disease characterized by elevated intracranial pressure (ICP) and is a disease of young females. The first line pharmacological treatments include acetazolamide and topiramate and given the ... ...

    Abstract Background: Idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH) is a disease characterized by elevated intracranial pressure (ICP) and is a disease of young females. The first line pharmacological treatments include acetazolamide and topiramate and given the nature of IIH patients and the dosing regimen of these drugs, their effect on the endocrine system is important to evaluate. We aimed to assess the effects of acetazolamide and topiramate on steroid profiles in relevant endocrine tissues.
    Methods: Female Sprague Dawley rats received chronic clinically equivalent doses of acetazolamide or topiramate by oral gavage and were sacrificed in estrus. Tissue specific steroid profiles of lateral ventricle CP, 4th ventricle CP, CSF, serum, uterine horn and fundus, ovaries, adrenal glands and pituitary glands were assessed by quantitative targeted LC-MS/MS. We determined luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle stimulating hormones (FSH) levels in paired serum by ELISA.
    Results: Topiramate increased the concentration of estradiol and decreased the concentration of DHEA in lateral choroid plexus. Moreover, it decreased the concentration of androstenediol in the pituitary gland. Topiramate increased serum LH. Acetazolamide decreased progesterone levels in serum and uterine fundus and increased corticosteroid levels in the adrenal glands.
    Conclusion: These results demonstrate that both acetazolamide and topiramate have endocrine disrupting effects in rats. Topiramate primarily targeted the choroid plexus and the pituitary gland while acetazolamide had broader systemic effects. Furthermore, topiramate predominantly targeted sex hormones, whereas acetazolamide widely affected all classes of hormones. A similar effect in humans has not yet been documented but these concerning findings warrants further investigations.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-04-03
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 204477-8
    ISSN 1096-0333 ; 0041-008X
    ISSN (online) 1096-0333
    ISSN 0041-008X
    DOI 10.1016/j.taap.2024.116919
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  7. Article ; Online: Choices.

    Stanley, James C

    Journal of vascular surgery

    2017  Volume 65, Issue 5, Page(s) 1531–1535

    Language English
    Publishing date 2017-05
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Editorial
    ZDB-ID 605700-7
    ISSN 1097-6809 ; 0741-5214
    ISSN (online) 1097-6809
    ISSN 0741-5214
    DOI 10.1016/j.jvs.2016.12.099
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  8. Article: Evaluating an emotion coaching programme for parents of young adolescents attending Child Adolescent Mental Health Services (CAMHS) in New Zealand: protocol for a multi-site feasibility trial including co-design with service users.

    Mansoor, Zara / Stanley, James / Fortune, Sarah / Havighurst, Sophie / Bell, Elliot

    Pilot and feasibility studies

    2023  Volume 9, Issue 1, Page(s) 70

    Abstract: Background: Early adolescence is a time of increased vulnerability for the development of common mental health conditions such as anxiety and depression (internalising outcomes). Current treatments such as cognitive-behavioural therapy and ... ...

    Abstract Background: Early adolescence is a time of increased vulnerability for the development of common mental health conditions such as anxiety and depression (internalising outcomes). Current treatments such as cognitive-behavioural therapy and antidepressant medication are focused on the individual and have small effect sizes, particularly in real-world clinical settings such as the public Child Adolescent Mental Health Services (CAMHS). Parents are an important and under-utilised resource in treating these conditions in young adolescents. Teaching parents how to respond to their young person's emotions can improve emotion regulation and reduce internalising outcomes. One emotion-focused programme for parents of this age group is Tuning in to Teens (TINT). This is a structured, manualised skills group for parents only focused on teaching skills to coach young people through their emotional experiences. This study aims to investigate the impact of TINT in the clinical setting of publicly funded CAMHS in New Zealand.
    Methods: The trial will evaluate the feasibility of a two-arm multi-site randomised control trial (RCT). Participants will be 10-14-year-olds referred to CAMHS in Wellington, New Zealand, with anxiety or depression, and their parents or guardians. Arm 1 will be parents attending and implementing TINT (in addition to the usual care received at CAMHS). Arm 2 will be usual care only. TINT groups will be facilitated by CAMHS clinicians who have been trained in the programme and will be delivered over 8 weekly sessions. Prior to the RCT, a co-design methodology will be used with service users to inform outcome measures used in the trial. A group of service users meeting the RCT criteria will be recruited to take part in workshops to help determine their priority outcomes. Measures based on the results of workshops will be included in the outcome measures. The primary feasibility outcomes will be the recruitment and retention of participants, acceptability of the intervention for service users and clinicians and acceptability of outcome measures.
    Discussion: There is a need to improve outcomes for the treatment of adolescent anxiety and depression. TINT is a programme with the potential to enhance outcomes for those accessing mental health services by providing targeted support to parents of adolescents. This trial will inform whether a full RCT is feasible to evaluate TINT. Including service users in the design will increase its relevance of an evaluation in this setting.
    Trial registration: The Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry (ACTRN): ACTRN12622000483752. Registered on 28 March 2022.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-04-27
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2809935-7
    ISSN 2055-5784
    ISSN 2055-5784
    DOI 10.1186/s40814-023-01282-6
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  9. Article ; Online: Vascular surgery's identity.

    Veith, Frank J / Stanley, James C

    Journal of vascular surgery

    2020  Volume 72, Issue 1, Page(s) 293–297

    MeSH term(s) Credentialing ; History, 20th Century ; History, 21st Century ; Humans ; Job Description ; Specialization/history ; Specialization/trends ; Surgeons/history ; Surgeons/trends ; Vascular Surgical Procedures/history ; Vascular Surgical Procedures/trends
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-04-03
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Historical Article ; Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 605700-7
    ISSN 1097-6809 ; 0741-5214
    ISSN (online) 1097-6809
    ISSN 0741-5214
    DOI 10.1016/j.jvs.2020.02.023
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  10. Article ; Online: Early-onset smoking and vaping of cannabis: Prevalence, correlates and trends in New Zealand 14-15-year-olds.

    Ball, Jude / Zhang, Jane / Stanley, James / Boden, Joseph / Waa, Andrew / Hammond, David / Edwards, Richard

    Drug and alcohol review

    2023  Volume 42, Issue 3, Page(s) 592–603

    Abstract: Introduction: Initiating cannabis use at an early age elevates risk of harm. Cannabis vaping is an emerging issue, and it is unknown whether the patterning and correlates of early-onset cannabis vaping differ from those of cannabis smoking.: Methods: ...

    Abstract Introduction: Initiating cannabis use at an early age elevates risk of harm. Cannabis vaping is an emerging issue, and it is unknown whether the patterning and correlates of early-onset cannabis vaping differ from those of cannabis smoking.
    Methods: We used repeat cross-sectional data from a nationally representative biennial survey (2012-2018) of students aged 14-15 years in New Zealand (N = 11,405), response rate 65% (2012), 64% (2014-2016) and 59% (2018).
    Results: Between 2012 and 2018 lifetime cannabis use decreased, but regular use (past month, weekly, daily) was stable. Prevalence of past month, weekly and daily use in 2016-2018 (pooled) was 8.6%, 3.4% and 1.5%, respectively. Cannabis vaping was reported by 24% of past month cannabis users. The demographic profile of early-onset cannabis smokers and vapers was similar, with elevated use of both modes among Māori (Indigenous), same- or both-sex attracted students and those in low decile (high-deprivation) schools. Correlates were similar for both modes. Cannabis use was strongly associated with tobacco and alcohol use. The next strongest associations (after adjustment) were exposure to second-hand smoke at home, student income >$50/week and low parental monitoring of whereabouts. Past week social media use, psychological distress and low parental monitoring of spending were also associated with both modes.
    Discussion and conclusions: Early-onset cannabis use is much higher in structurally disadvantaged groups, and among those who use tobacco and alcohol. Comprehensive multisubstance approaches to prevention are indicated in this age group. Efforts to reduce socio-economic inequity and exposure to other risk factors may reduce cannabis-related harm.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Cannabis ; Vaping/epidemiology ; Prevalence ; New Zealand/epidemiology ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Marijuana Smoking/epidemiology ; Nicotiana
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-01-16
    Publishing country Australia
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 1080442-0
    ISSN 1465-3362 ; 0959-5236
    ISSN (online) 1465-3362
    ISSN 0959-5236
    DOI 10.1111/dar.13597
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