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  1. Article ; Online: Rust

    Stavely, J.R. / Pastor Corrales, Marcial A.

    2017  

    Abstract: Bean rust (Uromyces phaseoli), a common disease with worldwide distribution, is considered one of the most important bean production problems in the tropics. Prolonged periods of moisture and moderate temp. (17-27 degrees C) favor disease development. ... ...

    Abstract Bean rust (Uromyces phaseoli), a common disease with worldwide distribution, is considered one of the most important bean production problems in the tropics. Prolonged periods of moisture and moderate temp. (17-27 degrees C) favor disease development. The infection process begins when a urediospore produces a germ tube, which develops an appressorium after physical contact with the edges of a stomata. The fungus may infect leaves and pods, and rarely stems and branches. For efficient disease control, cultural practices, crop rotation, elimination of harvest debris, biological control, the utilization of chemical products during the initial stages of plant development, and the use of resistant var. are recommended. A table is included on differential var. and infection rates used by different investigators to identify physiological races of this pathogen. Symptoms and damage caused by the disease are illustrated in color. (CIAT)

    La roya del frijol (Uromyces phaseoli) es una enfermedad a nivel mundial considerada como uno de los problemas mas importantes de la produccion de frijol en el tropico. Periodos prolongados de humedad y temp. moderadas (17-27 grados C) favorecen el desarrollo de la enfermedad. El proceso de infeccion empieza cuando una uredospora produce el tubo germinativo, el cual desarrolla un apresorio despues de establecer el contacto fisico con los bordes de un estoma. El hongo puede infectar hojas y vainas, y algunas veces los tallos y ramas. Para un buen control de la enfermedad se recomiendan practicas culturales (rotacion de cultivos, eliminacion de residuos de cosecha), control biologico, utilizacion de productos quimicos durante las etapas iniciales de desarrollo de la planta y el uso de var. resistentes. En forma de cuadro se incluyen las var. diferenciales y los grados de infeccion utilizados por los diferentes investigadores en la identificacion de las razas fisiologicas del patogeno. Se ilustran a color los sintomas y danos causados por la enfermedad. (CIAT)
    Keywords phaseolus vulgaris ; uromyces phaseoli ; etiology ; epidemiology ; symptomatology ; cultural control ; chemical control ; resistance ; races ; cultivation ; cultivars ; host range ; climatic requirements ; biological control ; pathogenicity ; diseases and pathogens ; mycoses ; pests ; etiologia ; sintomatologia ; epidemiologia ; control cultural ; control químico ; resistencia ; razas ; cultivo ; variedades ; rango de hospedantes ; requerimientos climaticos ; control biologico ; patogenicidad
    Language English
    Publishing date 2017-06-20T08:59:30Z
    Publisher International Center for Tropical Agriculture
    Publishing country fr
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  2. Article: Identification of the Chromosome Carrying the Factor for Resistance to Meloidogyne incognita in Tobacco.

    Slana, L J / Stavely, J R

    Journal of nematology

    2009  Volume 13, Issue 1, Page(s) 61–66

    Abstract: To identify the chromosome carrying the factor for resistance to Meloidogyne incognita in tobacco, crosses were made between resistant tobacco 'NC95' as pollen parent and each of the 12 tobacco monosomics (A-L) representative of the Tomentosae half of ... ...

    Abstract To identify the chromosome carrying the factor for resistance to Meloidogyne incognita in tobacco, crosses were made between resistant tobacco 'NC95' as pollen parent and each of the 12 tobacco monosomics (A-L) representative of the Tomentosae half of the Nicotiana tabacum chromosome complement. Of the F seedlings, 927 plants were grown for observation. From these, 223 plants were selected as possible monosomics on the basis of morphological characteristics. These plants were self-pollinated, and the resulting F plants were inoculated with both M. incognita acrita and M. incognita incognita. Sixteen F populations, derived from the haplo-G monosome, were completely resistant. All of the F populations derived from the other 11 monosomic crosses segregated into a 3:1 (resistant:susceptible) ratio. These results indicate that the factor for resistance to M. incognita is located on the G chromosome of N. tabacum. This is the first report establishing the N. tabacum chromosome that carries the factor for root-knot resistance. The results are consistant with our earlier evidence that M. incognita resistance in tobacco is derived from N. tomentosa, a species in the section Tomentosae of the subgenus Tabacum, genus Nicotiana. The other 12 chromosomes of N. tabacum have affinities with N. sylvestris, section Alatae, subgenus Petunoides, genus Nicotiana.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2009-03-20
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 410426-2
    ISSN 0022-300X
    ISSN 0022-300X
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article: Identification and potential use of a molecular marker for rust resistance in common bean.

    Miklas, P N / Stavely, J R / Kelly, J D

    TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik

    2013  Volume 85, Issue 6-7, Page(s) 745–749

    Abstract: The Up 2 gene of common bean (Phaseolus Vulgaris L.) is an important source of dominant genetic resistance to the bean rust pathogen [Uromyces appendiculatus (Pers. ex Pers.) Unger var 'appendiculatus' [syn U. Phaseoli (Reben) Wint.]. Up 2 in combination ...

    Abstract The Up 2 gene of common bean (Phaseolus Vulgaris L.) is an important source of dominant genetic resistance to the bean rust pathogen [Uromyces appendiculatus (Pers. ex Pers.) Unger var 'appendiculatus' [syn U. Phaseoli (Reben) Wint.]. Up 2 in combination with other rust resistance genes may be used to obtain potentially stable genetic resistance. It is difficult, however, to combine rust resistance genes effective against a single race due to epistatic interactions that frequently occur between them. A strategy that employed bulked DNA samples formed separately from the DNA of three BC6F2 individuals with Up 2 and three without Up 2 as contrasting near-isogenic lines (NILs) was used to identify random amplified polymorphic DNA fragments (RAPDs) tightly linked to the Up 2 locus. Only 1 of 931 fragments amplified by 167 10-mer primers of arbitrary sequence in the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was polymorphic. The RAPD marker (OA141100) amplified by the 5'-TCTGTGCTGG-3' primer was repeatable and its presence and absence easy to score. No recombination was observed between OA141100 and the dominant Up 2 allele within a segregating BC6F2 population of 84 individuals. This result suggests that OA141100 and Up 2 are tightly linked. Andean and Mesoamerican bean germ plasm, with and without the Up 2 allele, were assayed for the presence of OA141100. Apparently, the marker is of Andean origin because all Andean lines, with or without the Up 2 allele, contained the marker, and the marker was absent in all Mesoamerican germ plasm except the lines to which Up-2 had been purposely transferred. These results suggest that OA141100 will be most useful for pyramiding Up 2 with other rust resistance genes into germ plasm of Mesoamerican origin where the marker does not traditionally exist. The use of bulked DNA samples may have concentrated resources toward the identification of RAPDs that were tightly linked to the target locus. Marker-based selection may provide an alternative to the time-consuming testcrosses required to pyramid bean rust resistance genes that exhibit epistasis.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2013-11-07
    Publishing country Germany
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2170-2
    ISSN 1432-2242 ; 0040-5752
    ISSN (online) 1432-2242
    ISSN 0040-5752
    DOI 10.1007/BF00225014
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  4. Article ; Online: Roya

    Stavely, J.R. / Pastor Corrales, Marcial A.

    2015  

    Keywords phaseolus vulgaris ; rusts ; uromyces ; aetiology ; epidemiology ; symptoms ; disease control ; cultural control ; biological control ; chemical control ; fungicides ; disease resistance ; roya ; etiología ; epidemiología ; síntomas ; control de enfermedades ; control cultural ; control biológico ; control químico ; fungicidas ; resistencia a la enfermedad
    Language Spanish
    Publishing date 2015-01-28T14:16:58Z
    Publisher International Center for Tropical Agriculture
    Publishing country fr
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  5. Article: Pyramiding rust and viral resistance genes using traditional and marker techniques in common bean

    Stavely, J.R

    Bean Improvement Cooperative. Annual report. Mar 2000. v. 43

    2000  

    Keywords Phaseolus vulgaris ; Uromyces ; Uromyces appendiculatus ; plant pathogenic fungi ; Bean common mosaic virus ; Bean golden mosaic virus ; pathogenicity ; disease resistance ; plant breeding ; genetic resistance ; genetic markers ; disease control ; plant diseases and disorders ; Bean common mosaic necrosis virus
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2000-03
    Size p. 1-4.
    Document type Article
    ZDB-ID 742707-4
    ISSN 0084-7747
    ISSN 0084-7747
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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    In stock of ZB MED Bonn / Germany

    Z 4507: Show issues

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  6. Article: Pathogenic variability in Uromyces appendiculatus from Central Africa

    Stavely, J.R

    Bean Improvement Cooperative. Annual report. Mar 1999. v. 42

    1999  

    Keywords Phaseolus vulgaris ; Uromyces appendiculatus ; plant pathogenic fungi ; rust diseases ; pathogenicity ; disease resistance ; pathotypes ; genetic variation ; cultivars ; Africa
    Language English
    Dates of publication 1999-03
    Size p. 37-38.
    Document type Article
    ZDB-ID 742707-4
    ISSN 0084-7747
    ISSN 0084-7747
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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    In stock of ZB MED Bonn / Germany

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  7. Article: Bean rust in the United States in 1998

    Stavely, J.R

    Bean Improvement Cooperative. Annual report. Mar 1999. v. 42

    1999  

    Keywords Phaseolus vulgaris ; Uromyces appendiculatus ; plant pathogenic fungi ; rust diseases ; pathogenicity ; disease outbreaks ; disease surveys ; United States
    Language English
    Dates of publication 1999-03
    Size p. 35-36.
    Document type Article
    ZDB-ID 742707-4
    ISSN 0084-7747
    ISSN 0084-7747
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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  8. Article: Identification of RAPD markers linked to a major rust resistance gene block in common bean.

    Haley, S D / Miklas, P N / Stavely, J R / Byrum, J / Kelly, J D

    TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik

    2013  Volume 86, Issue 4, Page(s) 505–512

    Abstract: Rust in bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.), caused byUromyces appendiculatus (Pers.) Unger var.appendiculatus [ =U. phaseoli (Reben) Wint.], is a major disease problem and production constraint in many parts of the world. The predominant form of genetic ... ...

    Abstract Rust in bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.), caused byUromyces appendiculatus (Pers.) Unger var.appendiculatus [ =U. phaseoli (Reben) Wint.], is a major disease problem and production constraint in many parts of the world. The predominant form of genetic control of the pathogen is a series of major genes which necessitate the development of efficient selection strategies. Our objective was focused on the identification of RAPD (random amplified polymorphic DNA) markers linked to a major bean rust resistance gene block enabling marker-based selection and facilitating resistance gene pyramiding into susceptible bean germplasm. Using pooled DNA samples of genotyped individuals from two segregating populations, we identified two RAPD markers linked to the gene block of interest. One such RAPD, OF10970 (generated by a 5'-GGAAGCTTGG-3' decamer), was found to be closely linked (2.15±1.50 centi Morgans) in coupling with the resistance gene block. The other identified RAPD, OI19460 (generated by a 5'-AATGCGGGAG-3' decamer), was shown to be more tightly linked (also in coupling) than OF10970 as no recombinants were detected among 97 BC6F2 segregating individuals in the mapping population. Analysis of a collection of resistant and susceptible cultivars and experimental lines, of both Mesoamerican and Andean origin, revealed that: (1) recombination between OF10970 and the gene block has occurred as evidenced by the presence of the DNA fragment in several susceptible genotypes, (2) recombination between OI19460 and the gene block has also occurred indicating that the marker is not located within the gene block itself, and (3) marker-facilitated selection using these RAPD markers, and another previously identified, will enable gene pyramiding in Andean germplasm and certain Mesoamerican bean races in which the resistance gene block does not traditionally exist. Observations of variable recombination among Mesoamerican bean races suggested suppression of recombination between introgressed segments and divergent recurrent backgrounds.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2013-11-06
    Publishing country Germany
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2170-2
    ISSN 1432-2242 ; 0040-5752
    ISSN (online) 1432-2242
    ISSN 0040-5752
    DOI 10.1007/BF00838567
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  9. Article: Coupling- and repulsion-phase RAPDs for marker-assisted selection of PI 181996 rust resistance in common bean.

    Johnson, E / Miklas, P N / Stavely, J R / Martinez-Cruzado, J C

    TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik

    2013  Volume 90, Issue 5, Page(s) 659–664

    Abstract: The Guatemalan black bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) plant introduction (PI) 181996 is resistant to all known US races of the bean rust fungus Uromyces appendiculatus (Pers. ex Pers.) Unger var. appendiculatus [syn. U. phaseoli (Reben) Wint.]. We report on ... ...

    Abstract The Guatemalan black bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) plant introduction (PI) 181996 is resistant to all known US races of the bean rust fungus Uromyces appendiculatus (Pers. ex Pers.) Unger var. appendiculatus [syn. U. phaseoli (Reben) Wint.]. We report on two random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers OAC20490 tightly linked (no recombinants) in coupling phase and OAE19890 linked in repulsion phase (at 6.2±2.8 cM) to PI 181996 rust resistance. These RAPDs, generated by single decamer primers in the polymerase chain reaction, were identified in near-isogenic bulks of non-segregating resistant and susceptible BC4F2 (NX-040*4/PI 181996) lines. Linkage of the RAPD markers was confirmed by screening 19 BC4F2 and 57 BC4F3 individuals segregating for PI 181996 resistance. Utility of the RAPDs OAC20490 and OAE19890 was investigated in a diverse group of common bean cultivars and lines. All cultivars into which the PI 181996 resistance was introgressed had the RAPD OAC20490. A RAPD similar in size to OAC20490, observed in some susceptible common bean lines, was confirmed by Southern blotting to be homologous to the RAPD OAC20490. Use of the RAPDs OAC20490 and OAE19890 in marker-assisted selection (MAS) is proposed. The coupling-phase RAPD is most useful for MAS of resistant BCnF1individuals during traditional backcross breeding. The repulsion-phase RAPD has greatest utility in MAS of homozygous-resistant individuals in F2 or later-segregating generations.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2013-10-31
    Publishing country Germany
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2170-2
    ISSN 1432-2242 ; 0040-5752
    ISSN (online) 1432-2242
    ISSN 0040-5752
    DOI 10.1007/BF00222130
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  10. Article: Heterogeneous inbred populations are useful as sources of near-isogenic lines for RAPD marker localization.

    Haley, S D / Afanador, L K / Miklas, P N / Stavely, J R / Kelly, J D

    TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik

    2013  Volume 88, Issue 3-4, Page(s) 337–342

    Abstract: The development and use of RAPD markers for applications in crop improvement has recently generated considerable interest within the plant breeding community. One potential application of RAPDs is their use for "tagging" simply-inherited (monogenic) pest- ...

    Abstract The development and use of RAPD markers for applications in crop improvement has recently generated considerable interest within the plant breeding community. One potential application of RAPDs is their use for "tagging" simply-inherited (monogenic) pest-resistance genes and enabling more efficient identification and selection of genotypes carrying specific combinations of resistance genes. In this report, we propose and describe the use of heterogeneous inbred populations as sources of near-isogenic lines (NILs) for targeting RAPD markers linked to major pest resistance genes. The development of these NILs for RAPD marker analyses involved a sequence of line and mass selection during successive generations of inbreeding. DNA bulks derived from the NILs were used to identify a RAPD marker (designated OK14620, generated by 5'-CCCGCTACAC-3' decamer) that was tightly linked (2.23±1.33 centiMorgans) to an important rust [Uromyces appendiculatus (Pers.) Unger var. appendiculatus] resistance gene (Ur-3) in common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.). The efficiency of this approach was demonstrated by a low rate of false-positives identified, the tightness of the linkage identified, and the ability to detect polymorphism between genomic regions that are representative of the same gene pool of common bean. This method of deriving NILs should find application by researchers interested in utilizing marker-assisted selection for one or more major pest resistance genes. The identification of OK14620 should help to facilitate continued use of the Ur-3 resistance source and will now enable marker-assisted pyramiding of three different bean rust resistance sources (two previously tagged) to provide effective and stable resistance to this important pathogen.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2013-11-04
    Publishing country Germany
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2170-2
    ISSN 1432-2242 ; 0040-5752
    ISSN (online) 1432-2242
    ISSN 0040-5752
    DOI 10.1007/BF00223642
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