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  1. Article ; Online: Alternate fluency in Parkinson's disease

    Roberta Ferrucci / Francesca Mameli / Fabiana Ruggiero / Mariella Reitano / Mario Miccoli / Angelo Gemignani / Ciro Conversano / Michelangelo Dini / Stefano Zago / Silvie Piacentini / Barbara Poletti / Alberto Priori / Graziella Orrù

    PLoS ONE, Vol 17, Iss 3, p e

    A machine learning analysis.

    2022  Volume 0265803

    Abstract: Objective The aim of the present study was to investigate whether patients with Parkinson's Disease (PD) had changes in their level of performance in extra-dimensional shifting by implementing a novel analysis method, utilizing the new alternate phonemic/ ...

    Abstract Objective The aim of the present study was to investigate whether patients with Parkinson's Disease (PD) had changes in their level of performance in extra-dimensional shifting by implementing a novel analysis method, utilizing the new alternate phonemic/semantic fluency test. Method We used machine learning (ML) in order to develop high accuracy classification between PD patients with high and low scores in the alternate fluency test. Results The models developed resulted to be accurate in such classification in a range between 80% and 90%. The predictor which demonstrated maximum efficiency in classifying the participants as low or high performers was the semantic fluency test. The optimal cut-off of a decision rule based on this test yielded an accuracy of 86.96%. Following the removal of the semantic fluency test from the system, the parameter which best contributed to the classification was the phonemic fluency test. The best cut-offs were identified and the decision rule yielded an overall accuracy of 80.43%. Lastly, in order to evaluate the classification accuracy based on the shifting index, the best cut-offs based on an optimal single rule yielded an overall accuracy of 83.69%. Conclusion We found that ML analysis of semantic and phonemic verbal fluency may be used to identify simple rules with high accuracy and good out of sample generalization, allowing the detection of executive deficits in patients with PD.
    Keywords Medicine ; R ; Science ; Q
    Subject code 006
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-01-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Public Library of Science (PLoS)
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  2. Article ; Online: Alternate fluency in Parkinson’s disease

    Roberta Ferrucci / Francesca Mameli / Fabiana Ruggiero / Mariella Reitano / Mario Miccoli / Angelo Gemignani / Ciro Conversano / Michelangelo Dini / Stefano Zago / Silvie Piacentini / Barbara Poletti / Alberto Priori / Graziella Orrù

    PLoS ONE, Vol 17, Iss

    A machine learning analysis

    2022  Volume 3

    Abstract: Objective The aim of the present study was to investigate whether patients with Parkinson’s Disease (PD) had changes in their level of performance in extra-dimensional shifting by implementing a novel analysis method, utilizing the new alternate phonemic/ ...

    Abstract Objective The aim of the present study was to investigate whether patients with Parkinson’s Disease (PD) had changes in their level of performance in extra-dimensional shifting by implementing a novel analysis method, utilizing the new alternate phonemic/semantic fluency test. Method We used machine learning (ML) in order to develop high accuracy classification between PD patients with high and low scores in the alternate fluency test. Results The models developed resulted to be accurate in such classification in a range between 80% and 90%. The predictor which demonstrated maximum efficiency in classifying the participants as low or high performers was the semantic fluency test. The optimal cut-off of a decision rule based on this test yielded an accuracy of 86.96%. Following the removal of the semantic fluency test from the system, the parameter which best contributed to the classification was the phonemic fluency test. The best cut-offs were identified and the decision rule yielded an overall accuracy of 80.43%. Lastly, in order to evaluate the classification accuracy based on the shifting index, the best cut-offs based on an optimal single rule yielded an overall accuracy of 83.69%. Conclusion We found that ML analysis of semantic and phonemic verbal fluency may be used to identify simple rules with high accuracy and good out of sample generalization, allowing the detection of executive deficits in patients with PD.
    Keywords Medicine ; R ; Science ; Q
    Subject code 006
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-01-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Public Library of Science (PLoS)
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

    Full text online

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    Kategorien

    Inter-library loan at ZB MED

    Your chosen title can be delivered directly to ZB MED Cologne location if you are registered as a user at ZB MED Cologne.

  3. Article ; Online: Visual Perception during Mirror-Gazing at One’s Own Face in Patients with Depression

    Giovanni B. Caputo / Marco Bortolomasi / Roberta Ferrucci / Mario Giacopuzzi / Alberto Priori / Stefano Zago

    The Scientific World Journal, Vol

    2014  Volume 2014

    Keywords Science ; Q ; Science (General) ; Q1-390
    Publishing date 2014-01-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Hindawi Publishing Corporation
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  4. Article ; Online: Visual Perception during Mirror-Gazing at One’s Own Face in Patients with Depression

    Giovanni B. Caputo / Marco Bortolomasi / Roberta Ferrucci / Mario Giacopuzzi / Alberto Priori / Stefano Zago

    The Scientific World Journal, Vol

    2014  Volume 2014

    Keywords Science ; Q ; Science (General) ; Q1-390
    Publishing date 2014-01-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Hindawi Publishing Corporation
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

    Full text online

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    Inter-library loan at ZB MED

    Your chosen title can be delivered directly to ZB MED Cologne location if you are registered as a user at ZB MED Cologne.

  5. Article ; Online: Visual Perception during Mirror-Gazing at One’s Own Face in Patients with Depression

    Giovanni B. Caputo / Marco Bortolomasi / Roberta Ferrucci / Mario Giacopuzzi / Alberto Priori / Stefano Zago

    The Scientific World Journal, Vol

    2014  Volume 2014

    Abstract: In normal observers, gazing at one’s own face in the mirror for a few minutes, at a low illumination level, produces the apparition of strange faces. Observers see distortions of their own faces, but they often see hallucinations like monsters, ... ...

    Abstract In normal observers, gazing at one’s own face in the mirror for a few minutes, at a low illumination level, produces the apparition of strange faces. Observers see distortions of their own faces, but they often see hallucinations like monsters, archetypical faces, faces of relatives and deceased, and animals. In this research, patients with depression were compared to healthy controls with respect to strange-face apparitions. The experiment was a 7-minute mirror-gazing test (MGT) under low illumination. When the MGT ended, the experimenter assessed patients and controls with a specifically designed questionnaire and interviewed them, asking them to describe strange-face apparitions. Apparitions of strange faces in the mirror were very reduced in depression patients compared to healthy controls. Depression patients compared to healthy controls showed shorter duration of apparitions; minor number of strange faces; lower self-evaluation rating of apparition strength; lower self-evaluation rating of provoked emotion. These decreases in depression may be produced by deficits of facial expression and facial recognition of emotions, which are involved in the relationship between the patient (or the patient’s ego) and his face image (or the patient’s bodily self) that is reflected in the mirror.
    Keywords Science (General) ; Q1-390
    Subject code 170
    Language English
    Publishing date 2014-01-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Hindawi Publishing Corporation
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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    Inter-library loan at ZB MED

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  6. Article ; Online: Counterfactual Thinking Deficit in Huntington's Disease.

    Federica Solca / Barbara Poletti / Stefano Zago / Chiara Crespi / Francesca Sassone / Annalisa Lafronza / Anna Maria Maraschi / Jenny Sassone / Vincenzo Silani / Andrea Ciammola

    PLoS ONE, Vol 10, Iss 6, p e

    2015  Volume 0126773

    Abstract: Counterfactual thinking (CFT) refers to the generation of mental simulations of alternatives to past events, actions and outcomes. CFT is a pervasive cognitive feature in every-day life and is closely related to decision-making, planning and problem- ... ...

    Abstract Counterfactual thinking (CFT) refers to the generation of mental simulations of alternatives to past events, actions and outcomes. CFT is a pervasive cognitive feature in every-day life and is closely related to decision-making, planning and problem-solving - all of which are cognitive processes linked to unimpaired frontal lobe functioning. Huntington's Disease (HD) is a neurodegenerative disorder characterised by motor, behavioral and cognitive dysfunctions. Because an impairment in frontal and executive functions has been described in HD, we hypothesised that HD patients may have a CFT impairment.Tests of spontaneous counterfactual thoughts and counterfactual-derived inferences were administered to 24 symptomatic HD patients and 24 age- and sex-matched healthy subjects.Our results show a significant impairment in the spontaneous generation of CFT and low performance on the Counterfactual Inference Test (CIT) in HD patients. Low performance on the spontaneous CFT test significantly correlates with impaired attention abilities, verbal fluency and frontal lobe efficiency, as measured by Trail Making Test - Part A, Phonemic Verbal Fluency Test and FAB.Spontaneous CFT and the use of this type of reasoning are impaired in HD patients. This deficit may be related to frontal lobe dysfunction, which is a hallmark of HD. Because CFT has a pervasive role in patients' daily lives regarding their planning, decision making and problem solving skills, cognitive rehabilitation may improve HD patients' ability to analyse current behaviors and future actions.
    Keywords Medicine ; R ; Science ; Q
    Subject code 150
    Language English
    Publishing date 2015-01-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Public Library of Science (PLoS)
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

    Full text online

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    Inter-library loan at ZB MED

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  7. Article ; Online: Brain switches utilitarian behavior

    Manuela Fumagalli / Maurizio Vergari / Patrizio Pasqualetti / Sara Marceglia / Francesca Mameli / Roberta Ferrucci / Simona Mrakic-Sposta / Stefano Zago / Giuseppe Sartori / Gabriella Pravettoni / Sergio Barbieri / Stefano Cappa / Alberto Priori

    PLoS ONE, Vol 5, Iss 1, p e

    does gender make the difference?

    2010  Volume 8865

    Abstract: Decision often implies a utilitarian choice based on personal gain, even at the expense of damaging others. Despite the social implications of utilitarian behavior, its neurophysiological bases remain largely unknown. To assess how the human brain ... ...

    Abstract Decision often implies a utilitarian choice based on personal gain, even at the expense of damaging others. Despite the social implications of utilitarian behavior, its neurophysiological bases remain largely unknown. To assess how the human brain controls utilitarian behavior, we delivered transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) over the ventral prefrontal cortex (VPC) and over the occipital cortex (OC) in 78 healthy subjects. Utilitarian judgment was assessed with the moral judgment task before and after tDCS. At baseline, females provided fewer utilitarian answers than males for personal moral dilemmas (p = .007). In males, VPC-tDCS failed to induce changes and in both genders OC-tDCS left utilitarian judgments unchanged. In females, cathodal VPC-tDCS tended to decrease whereas anodal VPC-tDCS significantly increased utilitarian responses (p = .005). In males and females, reaction times for utilitarian responses significantly decreased after cathodal (p<.001) but not after anodal (p = .735) VPC-tDCS. We conclude that ventral prefrontal tDCS interferes with utilitarian decisions, influencing the evaluation of the advantages and disadvantages of each option in both sexes, but does so more strongly in females. Whereas cathodal tDCS alters the time for utilitarian reasoning in both sexes, anodal stimulation interferes more incisively in women, modifying utilitarian reasoning and the possible consequent actions. The gender-related tDCS-induced changes suggest that the VPC differentially controls utilitarian reasoning in females and in males. The gender-specific functional organization of the brain areas involved in utilitarian behavior could be a correlate of the moral and social behavioral differences between the two sexes.
    Keywords Medicine ; R ; Science ; Q
    Subject code 170
    Language English
    Publishing date 2010-01-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Public Library of Science (PLoS)
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

    Full text online

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    Inter-library loan at ZB MED

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