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Article ; Online: Fleeing from war.

Stensland, Synne Øien

Tidsskrift for den Norske laegeforening : tidsskrift for praktisk medicin, ny raekke

2022 Volume 142, Issue 6

Title translation	På flukt fra krigen.
Language	Norwegian
Publishing date	2022-03-21
Publishing country	Norway
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	603504-8
ISSN	0807-7096 ; 0029-2001
ISSN (online)	0807-7096
ISSN	0029-2001
DOI	10.4045/tidsskr.22.0211
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Zs.MO 546: Show issues

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Article ; Online: Predictors of early adulthood insomnia following exposure to a single mass violence attack during adolescence: 7-13 year follow-up from the Utøya and HUNT studies.

Porcheret, Kate / Dyb, Grete / Wentzel-Larsen, Tore / Stensland, Synne Øien

European journal of psychotraumatology

2024 Volume 15, Issue 1, Page(s) 2312750

Abstract: Background: ...

Abstract	Background:
MeSH term(s)	Child ; Humans ; Adolescent ; Adult ; Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders/epidemiology ; Follow-Up Studies ; Violence ; Exposure to Violence ; Terrorism
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-02-22
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2586642-4
ISSN	2000-8066 ; 2000-8066
ISSN (online)	2000-8066
ISSN	2000-8066
DOI	10.1080/20008066.2024.2312750
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Article: Interpersonal violence and recurrent headache among adolescents with a history of psychiatric problems.

Greger, Hanne Klæboe / Kristianslund, Sara Konstanse / Stensland, Synne Øien

Annals of general psychiatry

2023 Volume 22, Issue 1, Page(s) 2

Abstract: Background: Interpersonal violence (IPV) is found to be associated with mental health problems and pain disorders such as headache among children and adolescents. It is well-known that adolescents in need of mental health services have experienced IPV ... ...

Abstract	Background: Interpersonal violence (IPV) is found to be associated with mental health problems and pain disorders such as headache among children and adolescents. It is well-known that adolescents in need of mental health services have experienced IPV more often than adolescents in the general population. However, there has not been much focus on pain conditions in child and adolescent psychiatric populations. Methods: Data from the current study are based on a 3-year follow-up of the CAP-survey, which is a study of adolescents in the child and adolescent psychiatric unit population of St. Olavs Hospital (Trondheim University Hospital). The baseline study was conducted between 2009 and 2011, with 717 participants between 13 and 18 years. All participants were enrolled, or newly referred to the child and adolescent psychiatric clinic. At follow-up, 570 participants completed questionnaire, and 550 completed a diagnostic interview. The participants were aged 16-21 years (mean age 18.6 years). Results: A third of the adolescents reported frequent headaches (weekly or daily). Adolescents with more severe mental problems were more likely to experience frequent headaches. Adolescents exposed to unpleasant sexual acts or bullying, reported more frequent headaches than non-exposed participants. Participants exposed to three or more types of IPV seemed to be at particularly high risk of experiencing frequent headache. Conclusions: Both experiences of interpersonal violence and headache are common in this clinical psychiatric population. Clinicians should assess for headache disorders in addition to psychiatric and trauma assessment and provide need-based treatment to enhance chance of recovery among adolescents in mental health services.
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-01-24
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2090401-0
ISSN	1744-859X ; 1475-2832
ISSN	1744-859X ; 1475-2832
DOI	10.1186/s12991-023-00432-7
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Article ; Online: Barn, unge og familier på flukt.

Stensland, Synne Øien / Glad, Kristin Alve / Ottesen, Akiah Astral

Tidsskrift for den Norske laegeforening : tidsskrift for praktisk medicin, ny raekke

2023 Volume 143, Issue 3

Title translation	Refugee children, adolescents and families.
Language	Norwegian
Publishing date	2023-02-20
Publishing country	Norway
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	603504-8
ISSN	0807-7096 ; 0029-2001
ISSN (online)	0807-7096
ISSN	0029-2001
DOI	10.4045/tidsskr.23.0002
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Article ; Online: Health care needs, experiences, and satisfaction after terrorism: a longitudinal study of parents of survivors of the Utøya attack.

Strøm, Ida Frugård / Wentzel-Larsen, Tore / Stensland, Synne / Dyb, Grete / Stene, Lise Eilin

BMC health services research

2024 Volume 24, Issue 1, Page(s) 277

Abstract: Background: There is scarce knowledge on the health care follow-up of parents of terror attack survivors. This study focused on the mothers and fathers of survivors and examined (1) their perceived health care needs relative to their psychological ... ...

Abstract	Background: There is scarce knowledge on the health care follow-up of parents of terror attack survivors. This study focused on the mothers and fathers of survivors and examined (1) their perceived health care needs relative to their psychological reactions, physical health problems (unmet health care needs), and adaptation to work; (2) whether sociodemographic characteristics, health problems and social support were associated with unmet health care needs; and (3) how unmet health care needs, sociodemographic characteristics, and experiences with health services associated with overall dissatisfaction during the health care follow-up. Methods: Interview and questionnaire data from three waves of the Utøya parent study were analyzed (n = 364). Chi-square tests and t- tests were used to compare unmet physical and psychological health care needs, sociodemographic factors and post-terror attack health reported by mothers and fathers. Logistic regression analyses were used to examine whether sociodemographic characteristics, unmet health care needs, and health care experiences were associated with overall dissatisfaction among mothers and fathers of the survivors during the health care follow-up. Results: Among the mothers, 43% reported unmet health care needs for psychological reactions, while 25% reported unmet health care needs for physical problems. Among the fathers, 36% reported unmet health care needs for psychological reactions, and 15% reported unmet health care needs for physical problems. Approximately 1 in 5 mothers and 1 in 10 fathers reported "very high/high" needs for adaptation to work. Poorer self-perceived health, higher levels of posttraumatic stress and anxiety/depression symptoms, and lower levels of social support were significantly associated with reported unmet psychological and physical health care needs in both mothers and fathers. Parents with unmet health care needs reported significantly lower satisfaction with the help services received compared to parents whose health care needs were met. Low accessibility of help services and not having enough time to talk and interact with health care practitioners were associated with overall dissatisfaction with the help received. Conclusions: Our findings highlight that parents of terror-exposed adolescents are at risk of having unmet psychological and physical health care needs and thus need to be included in proactive outreach and health care follow-up programs in the aftermath of a terror attack.
MeSH term(s)	Female ; Adolescent ; Humans ; Longitudinal Studies ; Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic/epidemiology ; Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic/psychology ; Terrorism/psychology ; Delivery of Health Care ; Parents/psychology ; Survivors/psychology
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-03-08
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2050434-2
ISSN	1472-6963 ; 1472-6963
ISSN (online)	1472-6963
ISSN	1472-6963
DOI	10.1186/s12913-024-10592-1
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Article ; Online: Performance and acceptability of the Stressful Life Events Screening Questionnaire in a chronic pain population: a mixed-methods study.

Linnemørken, Lene Therese Bergerud / Stangeland, Helle / Reme, Silje Endresen / Stensland, Synne Øien

Pain reports

2023 Volume 8, Issue 3, Page(s) e1072

Abstract: Introduction: Pain-related fear, anxiety, and avoidance may play key roles in the chronification of pain and related disability. For practitioners, knowledge about the source or drivers of these fears, including patients' exposure to potentially ... ...

Abstract	Introduction: Pain-related fear, anxiety, and avoidance may play key roles in the chronification of pain and related disability. For practitioners, knowledge about the source or drivers of these fears, including patients' exposure to potentially traumatic events (PTEs) and related posttraumatic stress symptoms, could be particularly helpful in guiding their treatment approach. Objectives: We aimed to investigate whether the use of a brief screening for PTEs could help inform chronic pain treatment. Methods: The performance and acceptability of the Stressful Life Events Screening Questionnaire (SLESQ) was assessed among 567 adult patients (59% women, mean age 48.1 years) meeting at a hospital outpatient pain clinic. The sensitivity, specificity, and 20 months temporal stability of the SLESQ, assessing exposure to 14 specific trauma types followed by a 15th item capturing exposure to "other events," were assessed through digital administration and follow-up interviews with 55 participants. The qualitative responses of 158 participants reporting exposure to "other events" were reviewed and assessed based on fulfillment of the A Criterion for traumatic events in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition. The acceptability of the SLESQ was assessed in clinical interviews with 12 participants. Results: The SLESQ demonstrated acceptable sensitivity (70.0%), high specificity (94.9%), and moderate temporal stability (κ = 0.66, Conclusion: The results indicate that the use of a brief screening for potential trauma may be helpful to guide clinical practice in chronic pain settings.
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-04-24
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ISSN	2471-2531
ISSN (online)	2471-2531
DOI	10.1097/PR9.0000000000001072
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Article ; Online: Insomnia in survivors 8.5 years after the Utøya Island terrorist attack: transition from late adolescence to early adulthood - the Utøya study.

Porcheret, Kate / Stensland, Synne Øien / Wentzel-Larsen, Tore / Dyb, Grete

European journal of psychotraumatology

2022 Volume 13, Issue 1, Page(s) 2020472

Abstract: Background: Insomnia is a global health concern, associated with many mental and physical health conditions. Prevalence of insomnia is reported to increase during adolescence and early adulthood. High levels of insomnia are also reported in adolescents ... ...

Abstract	Background: Insomnia is a global health concern, associated with many mental and physical health conditions. Prevalence of insomnia is reported to increase during adolescence and early adulthood. High levels of insomnia are also reported in adolescents up to 2.5 years after a traumatic event. What is less well understood is the prevalence of insomnia in a trauma exposed population transitioning from adolescence to adulthood. Objective: To assess insomnia in the survivors in the 2011 Utøya Island terrorist attack, 2.5 years and 8.5 years after the attack when the majority of survivors were transitioning from late adolescence to early adulthood. Method: Participants were 336 survivors of the Utøya Island attack who completed the Utøya Study 2.5 years (T3) and 8.5 years (T4) after the attack. Participants completed a face-to-face interview including the Bergen Insomnia Scale (BIS), which was used to assess insomnia symptoms and prevalence of meeting diagnostic criteria for insomnia. Results: Insomnia was indicated in 47.7% of survivors 8.5 years after the attack. Insomnia prevalence did not significantly change from 2.5 to 8.5 years after the attack, though insomnia symptoms (BIS sum score) were found to increase. Age was negatively associated with insomnia at T4, with older age being associated with less insomnia. No significant sex difference was found in insomnia prevalence at T4. Conclusion: Almost a decade after the Utøya Island terrorist attack, nearly a half of the young survivors in our study reported insomnia and typical age- and sex-related differences in sleep were not always seen. This rate is almost double what is reported in the general population (20-30%) indicating a high level of unmet need in this population. The implications of such sleep disruption during a critical time for physical, mental, social and cognitive development are far reaching.
MeSH term(s)	Adult ; Humans ; Norway/epidemiology ; Prevalence ; Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders/epidemiology ; Survivors/psychology ; Survivors/statistics & numerical data ; Terrorism/psychology ; Young Adult
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-01-26
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2586642-4
ISSN	2000-8066 ; 2000-8066
ISSN (online)	2000-8066
ISSN	2000-8066
DOI	10.1080/20008198.2021.2020472
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Article ; Online: Childhood trauma and the use of opioids and other prescription analgesics in adolescence and young adulthood: The HUNT Study.

Baumann-Larsen, Monica / Storheim, Kjersti / Stangeland, Helle / Zwart, John-Anker / Wentzel-Larsen, Tore / Skurtveit, Svetlana / Dyb, Grete / Stensland, Synne Øien

Pain

2024 Volume 165, Issue 6, Page(s) 1317–1326

Abstract: Abstract: Opioid and nonopioid analgesics are commonly prescribed to young people to alleviate pain. Even short-term prescriptions increase the risk of persistent use and future misuse of potent analgesics, such as opioids. Childhood trauma exposure has ...

Abstract	Abstract: Opioid and nonopioid analgesics are commonly prescribed to young people to alleviate pain. Even short-term prescriptions increase the risk of persistent use and future misuse of potent analgesics, such as opioids. Childhood trauma exposure has been found to be related to pain conditions and to using more prescription analgesics. This large, prospective cohort study aimed to investigate the association of a broad range of childhood trauma exposures with prescription rates for opioid and nonopioid analgesics in adolescence and young adulthood. Self-reported data on childhood trauma exposures from adolescents (aged 13-19 years) who participated in the Young-HUNT3 Study (2006-2008, n = 8199) were linked to data from the Norwegian Prescription Database (NorPD, 2004-2021). We found that exposure to childhood trauma was consistently associated with higher prescription rates for opioids throughout adolescence and young adulthood. The highest incidence rate ratio (IRR) in adolescence was observed for sexual abuse (IRR 1.63, confidence interval [CI] 1.19-2.23). In young adulthood, the highest IRR was observed for physical violence (2.66, CI 2.27-3.12). The same overall pattern was observed for nonopioid analgesics. The more frequent prescriptions of opioid and nonopioid analgesics to participants exposed to childhood trauma suggests a higher symptom load of pain causing them to seek professional help with pain relief. Receiving potent analgesics is not without risk, and the likelihood of misuse may be elevated among trauma-exposed individuals. A trauma-informed approach to pain could be vital for guiding clinicians to the most effective and least harmful treatment for each patient.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Adolescent ; Male ; Female ; Analgesics, Opioid/therapeutic use ; Analgesics, Opioid/adverse effects ; Young Adult ; Norway/epidemiology ; Prospective Studies ; Analgesics/therapeutic use ; Analgesics/adverse effects ; Adverse Childhood Experiences/statistics & numerical data ; Pain/drug therapy ; Pain/epidemiology ; Drug Prescriptions/statistics & numerical data ; Cohort Studies
Chemical Substances	Analgesics, Opioid ; Analgesics
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-02-29
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	193153-2
ISSN	1872-6623 ; 0304-3959
ISSN (online)	1872-6623
ISSN	0304-3959
DOI	10.1097/j.pain.0000000000003131
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Article ; Online: "I've kept going" - a multisite repeated cross-sectional study of healthcare workers' pride in personal performance during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Bondjers, Kristina / Lingaas, Ingebjørg / Stensland, Synne / Atar, Dan / Zwart, John-Anker / Wøien, Hilde / Dyb, Grete

BMC health services research

2023 Volume 23, Issue 1, Page(s) 322

Abstract: Background: For healthcare workers, working through a pandemic may include both challenges, such as coping with increased demands and a lack of control, and rewards, such as experiencing a sense of achievement and meaningfulness. In this study, we ... ...

Abstract	Background: For healthcare workers, working through a pandemic may include both challenges, such as coping with increased demands and a lack of control, and rewards, such as experiencing a sense of achievement and meaningfulness. In this study, we explore the accomplishments healthcare workers themselves are proud of achieving at work, in order to elucidate the positive aspects of working through a pandemic. Methods: In June 2020 (T1), December 2020 (T2), and May 2021 (T3), healthcare workers (n = 1,996) at four Norwegian hospitals participated in a web-based survey assessing job strain, psychological health, and support during the pandemic. The survey included the open-ended question "During the past two weeks, what have you been feeling proud of achieving at work?". Responses (1,046) to this item were analyzed using conventional content analysis, which resulted in 13 subthemes under 6 themes. Results: For some, pride was found in their professional identity and dedication to their work. Others took pride in specific achievements, such as juggling their own needs (e.g., health, private life) with those of the workplace, contributing to cohesion and collaboration, their ability to learn and adjust, in being a useful resource at work, and in their efforts towards developing the organization and workplace. Implications: The current findings shed light on what healthcare workers feel proud of achieving in their day-to-day work. Assessment of these factors provides insight on both positive and negative aspects of working clinically during a pandemic, and highlights specific targets for building sustainable and rewarding work environments for healthcare workers.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; COVID-19/epidemiology ; Pandemics ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Health Personnel/psychology ; Adaptation, Psychological
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-03-31
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2050434-2
ISSN	1472-6963 ; 1472-6963
ISSN (online)	1472-6963
ISSN	1472-6963
DOI	10.1186/s12913-023-09246-5
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Article ; Online: Exposure to traumatic events and use of over-the-counter analgesics in adolescents: cross-sectional findings from the Young-HUNT study.

Baumann-Larsen, Monica / Dyb, Grete / Wentzel-Larsen, Tore / Zwart, John-Anker / Storheim, Kjersti / Stensland, Synne Øien

BMJ open

2023 Volume 13, Issue 3, Page(s) e066058

Abstract: Objective: Frequent and increasing use of over-the-counter analgesics (OTCA) among adolescents is a public health concern. Prior research indicates that adolescents exposed to traumatic events may be at increased risk of suffering from headaches and ... ...

Abstract	Objective: Frequent and increasing use of over-the-counter analgesics (OTCA) among adolescents is a public health concern. Prior research indicates that adolescents exposed to traumatic events may be at increased risk of suffering from headaches and musculoskeletal pain. In this study, we assessed the association between trauma exposure and use of OTCA for headaches and musculoskeletal pain. Design: A cross-sectional population study among adolescents, self-reported data on trauma exposure, pain and use of OTCA. Setting and participants: All 10 608 adolescents aged 13-19 years in a region of Norway were invited in this school-based survey, participation rate was 76%. Outcome measure: Frequency of OTCA use for headache and musculoskeletal pain served as separate outcomes in ordinal logistic regression analyses. Results: Trauma exposure was significantly and consistently related to higher frequency use of OTCA for headache and musculoskeletal pain, of which associations for bullying (OR 1.79, 95% CI 1.50 to 2.12, and OR 2.12, 95% CI 1.70 to 2.66), physical violence (OR 1.49, 95% CI 1.25 to 1.78 and OR 1.83, 95% CI 1.45 to 2.32) and sexual abuse (OR 1.83, 95% CI 1.55 to 2.18 and OR 1.53, 95% CI 1.18 to 1.90) were particularly strong. A dose-response relationship was found between interpersonal violence and OTCA use for headache (OR 1.46, 95% CI 1.29 to 1.66 for one type and OR 1.81, 95% CI 1.53 to 2.14 for two or more types) and musculoskeletal pain (OR 1.61, 95% CI 1.91 to 3.00 for one type and OR 2.39, 95% CI 1.91 to 3.00 for two or more types). The associations remained significant after adjustment for pain, although an attenuation in strength was observed. Conclusion: Trauma exposed adolescents use OTCA for headaches and musculoskeletal pain more frequently than those not exposed. The higher frequency of pain conditions among trauma exposed only partially explained their more frequent OTCA use, indicating an increased risk relating to features beyond frequency of pain.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Adolescent ; Musculoskeletal Pain/drug therapy ; Musculoskeletal Pain/epidemiology ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Analgesics/therapeutic use ; Nonprescription Drugs ; Headache/epidemiology ; Headache/chemically induced
Chemical Substances	Analgesics ; Nonprescription Drugs
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-03-17
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2599832-8
ISSN	2044-6055 ; 2044-6055
ISSN (online)	2044-6055
ISSN	2044-6055
DOI	10.1136/bmjopen-2022-066058
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