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  1. Article ; Online: Understanding the Relationship between Governance and Forest Landscape Restoration

    Stephanie Mansourian

    Conservation & Society, Vol 14, Iss 3, Pp 267-

    2016  Volume 278

    Abstract: Restoring forested landscapes is being promoted widely as a solution to the world's deforestation and degradation problems, as well as for climate change mitigation and adaptation, for supporting poor rural communities, and for water and soil protection. ...

    Abstract Restoring forested landscapes is being promoted widely as a solution to the world's deforestation and degradation problems, as well as for climate change mitigation and adaptation, for supporting poor rural communities, and for water and soil protection. Yet, while practitioners understand reasonably well many of the technical aspects of forest restoration, they have a much poorer understanding of governance dimensions. Governance challenges come under many guises—financial disincentives, poor institutional set up, unclear tenure and lack of local empowerment, amongst others. Not much has been written to date on forest landscape restoration and governance. This article aims to better understand the governance challenges that practitioners face when restoring forest landscapes and to explore the points of intersection between forest landscape restoration and governance. To achieve this, a broader review of concepts related to governance, forests and landscapes was conducted, followed by a review of existing landscape-scale forest restoration projects to identify the governance factors that have been considered (if any). Findings indicate the need for a more dynamic and process-orientated approach to address governance as it relates to forest landscape restoration. The author proposes a classification for the intersection between governance and forest landscape restoration.
    Keywords forest ; restoration ; landscape ; governance ; forest landscape restoration ; governance challenges ; governance factors ; classification ; Ecology ; QH540-549.5
    Subject code 710
    Language English
    Publishing date 2016-01-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  2. Article ; Online: Forest landscape restoration

    John A. Stanturf / Stephanie Mansourian

    Royal Society Open Science, Vol 7, Iss

    state of play

    2020  Volume 12

    Abstract: Tree planting has been widely touted as an inexpensive way to meet multiple international environmental goals for mitigating climate change, reversing landscape degradation and restoring biodiversity restoration. The Bonn Challenge and New York ... ...

    Abstract Tree planting has been widely touted as an inexpensive way to meet multiple international environmental goals for mitigating climate change, reversing landscape degradation and restoring biodiversity restoration. The Bonn Challenge and New York Declaration on Forests, motivated by widespread deforestation and forest degradation, call for restoring 350 million ha by 2030 by relying on forest landscape restoration (FLR) processes. Because the 173 million ha commitments made by 63 nations, regions and companies are not legally binding, expectations of what FLR means lacks consensus. The frequent disconnect between top-level aspirations and on-the-ground implementation results in limited data on FLR activities. Additionally, some countries have made landscape-scale restoration outside of the Bonn Challenge. We compared and contrasted the theory and practice of FLR and compiled information from databases of projects and initiatives and case studies. We present the main FLR initiatives happening across regional groups; in many regions, the potential need/opportunity for forest restoration exceeds the FLR activities underway. Multiple objectives can be met by manipulating vegetation (increasing structural complexity, changing species composition and restoring natural disturbances). Livelihood interventions are context-specific but include collecting or raising non-timber forest products, employment and community forests; other interventions address tenure and governance.
    Keywords bonn challenge ; new york declaration on forests ; degradation ; deforestation ; ecosystem functioning ; sustainable development goals ; Science ; Q
    Subject code 333 ; 710
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-12-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher The Royal Society
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  3. Article ; Online: A Comparison of Governance Challenges in Forest Restoration in Paraguay’s Privately-Owned Forests and Madagascar’s Co-managed State Forests

    Stephanie Mansourian / Lucy Aquino / Thomas K. Erdmann / Francisco Pereira

    Forests, Vol 5, Iss 4, Pp 763-

    2014  Volume 783

    Abstract: Governance of forest restoration is significantly impacted by who are the owners of and rights holders to the forest. We review two cases, Paraguay’s Atlantic forest and Madagascar’s forests and shrublands, where forest restoration is a priority and ... ...

    Abstract Governance of forest restoration is significantly impacted by who are the owners of and rights holders to the forest. We review two cases, Paraguay’s Atlantic forest and Madagascar’s forests and shrublands, where forest restoration is a priority and where forest ownership and rights are having direct repercussions on forest restoration. In Paraguay where a large proportion of forests are in the hands of private landowners, specific legislation, government incentives, costs and benefits of forest restoration, and the role of international markets for commodities are all key factors, among others, that influence the choice of private landowners to engage or not in forest restoration. On the other hand, in Madagascar’s co-managed state forests, while some similar challenges exist with forest restoration, such as the pressures from international markets, other specific challenges can be identified notably the likely long term impact of investment in forest restoration on land rights, traditional authority, and direct links to elements of human wellbeing. In this paper, we explore and contrast how these different drivers and pressures affect the restoration of forests under these two different property regimes.
    Keywords governance ; forest restoration ; Paraguay ; Madagascar ; Atlantic Forest ; Plant ecology ; QK900-989
    Subject code 333
    Language English
    Publishing date 2014-04-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher MDPI AG
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  4. Article ; Online: The role of Indigenous peoples and local communities in effective and equitable conservation

    Neil M. Dawson / Brendan Coolsaet / Eleanor J. Sterling / Robin Loveridge / Nicole D, . Gross-Camp / Supin Wongbusarakum / Kamaljit K. Sangha / Lea M. Scherl / Hao Phuong. Phan / Noelia Zafra-Calvo / Warren G. Lavey / Patrick Byakagaba / C. Julián Idrobo / Aude Chenet / Nathan J. Bennett / Stephanie Mansourian / Francisco J. Rosado-May

    Ecology and Society, Vol 26, Iss 3, p

    2021  Volume 19

    Abstract: Debate about what proportion of the Earth to protect often overshadows the question of how nature should be conserved and by whom. We present a systematic review and narrative synthesis of 169 publications investigating how different forms of governance ... ...

    Abstract Debate about what proportion of the Earth to protect often overshadows the question of how nature should be conserved and by whom. We present a systematic review and narrative synthesis of 169 publications investigating how different forms of governance influence conservation outcomes, paying particular attention to the role played by Indigenous peoples and local communities. We find a stark contrast between the outcomes produced by externally controlled conservation, and those produced by locally controlled efforts. Crucially, most studies presenting positive outcomes for both well-being and conservation come from cases where Indigenous peoples and local communities play a central role, such as when they have substantial influence over decision making or when local institutions regulating tenure form a recognized part of governance. In contrast, when interventions are controlled by external organizations and involve strategies to change local practices and supersede customary institutions, they tend to result in relatively ineffective conservation at the same time as producing negative social outcomes. Our findings suggest that equitable conservation, which empowers and supports the environmental stewardship of Indigenous peoples and local communities represents the primary pathway to effective long-term conservation of biodiversity, particularly when upheld in wider law and policy. Whether for protected areas in biodiversity hotspots or restoration of highly modified ecosystems, whether involving highly traditional or diverse and dynamic local communities, conservation can become more effective through an increased focus on governance type and quality, and fostering solutions that reinforce the role, capacity, and rights of Indigenous peoples and local communities. We detail how to enact progressive governance transitions through recommendations for conservation policy, with immediate relevance for how to achieve the next decade's conservation targets under the UN Convention on Biological Diversity.
    Keywords biodiversity conservation ; customary tenure ; environmental justice ; environmental stewardship ; equity ; governance ; human rights ; institutions ; iplc ; protected areas ; tenure security ; traditional ecological knowledge ; well-being ; Biology (General) ; QH301-705.5 ; Ecology ; QH540-549.5
    Subject code 333
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-10-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Resilience Alliance
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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