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  1. Article ; Online: Muscle Activation in Older Females after a Community-Based Resistance Training Program

    Majid Mufaqam Syed-Abdul / Stephen D. Ball

    Reports, Vol 4, Iss 38, p

    A Pilot Study

    2021  Volume 38

    Abstract: Many randomized controlled trials utilizing resistance training have shown improvements in muscle activation in older adults. However, these programs lack applicability to community-dwelling older adults due to several challenges. Therefore, the purpose ... ...

    Abstract Many randomized controlled trials utilizing resistance training have shown improvements in muscle activation in older adults. However, these programs lack applicability to community-dwelling older adults due to several challenges. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to test the effects of an eight-week community-based resistance training program on muscle activation in older adults. Eight females (age: 61 ± 4 years, body mass index (BMI): 31.7 ± 5.7 kg/m 2 ) were enrolled in the study. The surface electromyography (sEMG) activity was evaluated before and after training for three muscles (biceps brachii, upper trapezius, and rectus femoris). Additional weight load tests were performed to measure muscle activation in response to the added resistance. After eight weeks of training, no changes were observed in muscle activation for biceps brachii and upper trapezius but was decreased for rectus femoris ( p = 0.04). Furthermore, in response to weight loads, biceps brachii and upper trapezius improved muscle activation after training. In summary, eight weeks of community-based resistance training program non-significantly improved the activation of upper-body muscles in older adults.
    Keywords Stay Strong Stay Healthy ; strength training ; elderly ; exercise ; muscle ; Medicine (General) ; R5-920 ; Medical physics. Medical radiology. Nuclear medicine ; R895-920
    Subject code 796
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-10-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher MDPI AG
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  2. Article ; Online: “It’s not time for us to sit down yet”

    Lisa A. Royse / Breanne S. Baker / Melissa D. Warne-Griggs / Kristin Miller / Kelsey J. Weitzel / Stephen D. Ball / Dana L. Duren

    International Journal of Qualitative Studies on Health & Well-Being, Vol 18, Iss

    how group exercise programs can motivate physical activity and overcome barriers in inactive older adults

    2023  Volume 1

    Abstract: Purpose Physical activity and exercise are critical for older adults’ physical and mental health. The purpose of this qualitative study was to richly capture the motivators of and barriers to engaging in physical activity in previously inactive older ... ...

    Abstract Purpose Physical activity and exercise are critical for older adults’ physical and mental health. The purpose of this qualitative study was to richly capture the motivators of and barriers to engaging in physical activity in previously inactive older adults who participated in a three-arm randomized controlled trial (RCT) of eight-week group exercise interventions. Methods We conducted a qualitative content analysis of individual interviews with fifteen participants—five from each study arm: strength training, walking, and inactive control. Participants included nine females and six males ranging from 60 to 86 years of age. Results Key motivators of physical activity included perceived improvements in physical and mental health, positive social influences, observed health deterioration in others, and the desire to spend time with and take care of family members. Barriers to physical activity included existing health conditions, fear of getting hurt, negative social influences, perceived lack of time and motivation, inconvenient times and locations, and monetary cost. Conclusions Our findings add to the body of literature identifying factors that motivate and stand in the way of older adults’ engagement in physical activity. These factors influence older adults’ self-efficacy and should be incorporated into the design of new and existing programs to encourage initiation and maintenance of physical activity.
    Keywords older adult ; physical activity ; interview ; qualitative research ; group exercise programs ; Medicine (General) ; R5-920
    Subject code 796
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-12-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Taylor & Francis Group
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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    Inter-library loan at ZB MED

    Your chosen title can be delivered directly to ZB MED Cologne location if you are registered as a user at ZB MED Cologne.

  3. Article: Ground Water Modeling for Risk Assessment Purposes: Use of a Gaussian‐Distributed Transport Model and a Batch Flush Model

    Cushman, David J / Stephen D. Ball

    Ground water monitoring & remediation. 1993 Nov., v. 13, no. 4

    1993  

    Abstract: Several state regulatory agencies require that risk assessments be performed at contaminated sites to quantify the contaminant levels that may reach the nearest receptors and to evaluate the health risks associated with exposure to such contaminant ... ...

    Abstract Several state regulatory agencies require that risk assessments be performed at contaminated sites to quantify the contaminant levels that may reach the nearest receptors and to evaluate the health risks associated with exposure to such contaminant levels. Petroleum retail facilities with leaking underground storage tanks are prime examples of sites where risk assessments may be required. Ground water modeling is often necessary when evaluating future completed exposure pathways associated with dissolved contaminants. If the aquifer conditions are relatively homogeneous, analytical contaminant transport models may be used in place of complex numerical models. A two‐dimensional, Gaussian‐distributed boundary condition transport model and a batch flush model may be combined to simulate contaminant transport with linear equilibrium adsorption/desorption and biodegradation effects, This enables a relatively rapid and cost‐effective prediction of contaminant levels at sensitive downgradient receptors. The predicted contaminant levels may then be evaluated through an exposure assessment, toxicity assessment, and risk characterization in accordance with U.S. EPA risk assessment protocols. A case study was presented for a gasoline station with a leaking underground storage tank system. The two‐dimensional, Gaussian‐distributed transport model and batch flush model were used to predict dissolved phase contaminant concentration profiles at a downgradient drinking water well. The predicted contaminant concentrations were subsequently converted to chronic daily intakes which were evaluated in terms of toxicity. Reasonable maximum exposures were developed for both carcinogens and non‐carcinogens. The results of the risk assessment indicated that there were no unacceptable risks posed by the residual ground water contamination at the site. This led to the recommendation that the project be closed out in the absence of a demonstrated need for active ground water remediation. The State Water Control Board concurred with the recommendation.
    Keywords United States Environmental Protection Agency ; adsorption ; aquifers ; biodegradation ; carcinogens ; case studies ; cost effectiveness ; desorption ; drinking water ; exposure assessment ; exposure pathways ; gasoline ; groundwater ; groundwater contamination ; mathematical models ; petroleum ; prediction ; receptors ; remediation ; risk ; risk characterization ; tanks ; toxicity
    Language English
    Dates of publication 1993-11
    Size p. 162-172.
    Publishing place Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Document type Article
    Note JOURNAL ARTICLE
    ZDB-ID 2181890-3
    ISSN 1745-6592 ; 1069-3629
    ISSN (online) 1745-6592
    ISSN 1069-3629
    DOI 10.1111/j.1745-6592.1993.tb00460.x
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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