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  1. Article ; Online: Transforming nursing education in a 140-character world: The efficacy of becoming social.

    Stevens, Karen Patterson / Nies, Mary A

    Journal of professional nursing : official journal of the American Association of Colleges of Nursing

    2018  Volume 34, Issue 1, Page(s) 31–34

    Abstract: A generational gap exists across educational settings today. The potential and actual mismatch of learning styles and curriculum delivery suggests that the current educational models are in need of change. The advent of social media has transformed ... ...

    Abstract A generational gap exists across educational settings today. The potential and actual mismatch of learning styles and curriculum delivery suggests that the current educational models are in need of change. The advent of social media has transformed students from passive recipients of information to co-creators and engaged members of a global and information rich community. Responding proactively with social media integration through a responsive curriculum delivery system would serve to enhance student engagement and improve collaborative learning opportunities. Future implications for social media use in research and education will allow for rapid and efficient research to practice dissemination.
    MeSH term(s) Adult ; Curriculum ; Education, Nursing/methods ; Humans ; Models, Educational ; Problem-Based Learning ; Research ; Social Media/utilization ; Students, Nursing
    Language English
    Publishing date 2018-01
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 632951-2
    ISSN 1532-8481 ; 8755-7223
    ISSN (online) 1532-8481
    ISSN 8755-7223
    DOI 10.1016/j.profnurs.2017.07.001
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article: Review: adding non-invasive positive pressure ventilation to usual care reduces treatment failure in respiratory failure.

    Stevens, Karen

    Evidence-based nursing

    2004  Volume 8, Issue 1, Page(s) 22

    Language English
    Publishing date 2004-01-23
    Publishing country England
    Document type Comment ; Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1425988-6
    ISSN 1367-6539
    ISSN 1367-6539
    DOI 10.1136/ebn.8.1.22
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article: Erratum: The antiepileptic drug levetiracetam improves auditory gating in DBA/2 mice.

    Smucny, Jason / Stevens, Karen E / Tregellas, Jason R

    NPJ schizophrenia

    2015  Volume 1, Page(s) 15053

    Abstract: This corrects the article DOI: 10.1038/npjschz.2015.2.][This corrects the article DOI: 10.1038/npjschz.2015.2.]. ...

    Abstract [This corrects the article DOI: 10.1038/npjschz.2015.2.][This corrects the article DOI: 10.1038/npjschz.2015.2.].
    Language English
    Publishing date 2015-12-09
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Published Erratum
    ZDB-ID 2813844-2
    ISSN 2334-265X
    ISSN 2334-265X
    DOI 10.1038/npjschz.2015.53
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  4. Article ; Online: Increasing pro-survival factors within whole brain tissue of Sprague Dawley rats via intracerebral administration of modified valproic acid.

    Bates, Ryan C / Stith, Bradley J / Stevens, Karen E

    Journal of pharmacological sciences

    2015  Volume 128, Issue 4, Page(s) 193–201

    Abstract: Neural tissue exposure to valproic acid (VPA) increases several pro-survival phospho-proteins that can be used as biomarkers for indicating a beneficial drug response (pAkt(Ser473), pGSK3β(Ser9), pErk1/2(Thr202/Tyr204)). Unfortunately, targeting VPA to ... ...

    Abstract Neural tissue exposure to valproic acid (VPA) increases several pro-survival phospho-proteins that can be used as biomarkers for indicating a beneficial drug response (pAkt(Ser473), pGSK3β(Ser9), pErk1/2(Thr202/Tyr204)). Unfortunately, targeting VPA to neural tissue is a problem due to severe asymmetrical distribution, wherein the drug tends to remain in peripheral blood rather than localizing within the brain. Intracerebral delivery of an amide-linked VPA-PEG conjugate could address these issues by enhancing retention and promoting cerebro-global increases in pro-survival phospho-proteins. It is necessary to assay for the retained bioactivity of a PEGylated valproic acid molecule, along with locating an intracranial cannula placement that optimizes the increase of a known downstream biomarker for chronic VPA exposure. Here we show an acute injection of VPA-PEG conjugate within brain tissue increased virtually all of the assayed phospho-proteins, including well-known pro-survival factors. In contrast, an acute injection of VPA expectedly decreased signaling throughout the hour. Needle penetration into whole brain tissue is the intentional cause of trauma in this procedure. The trauma to brain tissue was observed to overcome known phospho-protein increases for unmodified VPA in the injected solution, while VPA-PEG conjugate appeared to induce significant increases in pro-survival phospho-proteins, despite the procedural trauma.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins/metabolism ; Biomarkers/metabolism ; Brain/metabolism ; Brain Injuries/etiology ; Injections, Intraventricular/adverse effects ; Male ; Phosphoproteins/metabolism ; Polyethylene Glycols ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Valproic Acid/administration & dosage ; Valproic Acid/pharmacokinetics ; Valproic Acid/pharmacology
    Chemical Substances Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins ; Biomarkers ; Phosphoproteins ; Polyethylene Glycols (30IQX730WE) ; Valproic Acid (614OI1Z5WI)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2015-08
    Publishing country Japan
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.
    ZDB-ID 2104264-0
    ISSN 1347-8648 ; 1347-8613
    ISSN (online) 1347-8648
    ISSN 1347-8613
    DOI 10.1016/j.jphs.2015.07.003
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  5. Article ; Online: Acute administration of Δ⁹ tetrahydrocannabinol does not prevent enhancement of sensory gating by clozapine in DBA/2 mice.

    Smucny, Jason / Stevens, Karen E / Tregellas, Jason R

    Pharmacology, biochemistry, and behavior

    2014  Volume 118, Page(s) 22–29

    Abstract: Despite high rates of marijuana abuse in schizophrenia, the physiological interactions between tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) and antipsychotic medications are poorly understood. A well-characterized feature of schizophrenia is poor gating of the P50 ... ...

    Abstract Despite high rates of marijuana abuse in schizophrenia, the physiological interactions between tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) and antipsychotic medications are poorly understood. A well-characterized feature of schizophrenia is poor gating of the P50 auditory-evoked potential. This feature has been translationally modeled by the DBA/2 mouse, which exhibits poor suppression of the P20-N40 AEP, the rodent analog of the human P50. Previous work has demonstrated that this deficit is reversed by the antipsychotic clozapine. It is unknown, however, if this effect is altered by THC administration. Using a conditioning-testing paradigm with paired auditory stimuli, the effects of clozapine and dronabinol (a pharmaceutical THC formulation) on inhibitory P20-N40 AEP processing were assessed from in vivo hippocampal CA3 recordings in anesthetized DBA/2 mice. The effects of clozapine (0.33 mg/kg) and dronabinol (10 mg/kg) were assessed alone and in combination (0.33, 1 or 1.83 mg/kg clozapine with 10mg/kg dronabinol). Improved P20-N40 AEP gating was observed after acute administration of 0.33 mg/kg clozapine. Co-injection of 0.33 mg/kg clozapine and 10 mg/kg THC, however, did not improve gating relative to baseline. This effect was overcome by higher doses of clozapine (1 and 1.83 mg/kg), as these doses improved gating relative to baseline in the presence of 10 mg/kg THC. 10 mg/kg THC alone did not affect gating. In conclusion, THC does not prevent improvement of P20-N40 gating by clozapine.
    MeSH term(s) Acoustic Stimulation ; Animals ; Antipsychotic Agents/administration & dosage ; Antipsychotic Agents/adverse effects ; CA3 Region, Hippocampal/drug effects ; CA3 Region, Hippocampal/physiology ; Clozapine/administration & dosage ; Clozapine/adverse effects ; Conditioning, Psychological ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Dronabinol/administration & dosage ; Dronabinol/adverse effects ; Drug Interactions ; Evoked Potentials, Auditory/drug effects ; Humans ; Male ; Marijuana Abuse/complications ; Marijuana Abuse/physiopathology ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred DBA ; Models, Animal ; Psychotropic Drugs/administration & dosage ; Psychotropic Drugs/adverse effects ; Schizophrenia/complications ; Schizophrenia/drug therapy ; Schizophrenia/physiopathology ; Sensory Gating/drug effects ; Sensory Gating/physiology
    Chemical Substances Antipsychotic Agents ; Psychotropic Drugs ; Dronabinol (7J8897W37S) ; Clozapine (J60AR2IKIC)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2014-01-10
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.
    ZDB-ID 191042-5
    ISSN 1873-5177 ; 0091-3057
    ISSN (online) 1873-5177
    ISSN 0091-3057
    DOI 10.1016/j.pbb.2014.01.001
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  6. Article ; Online: Maximizing the effect of an α7 nicotinic receptor PAM in a mouse model of schizophrenia-like sensory inhibition deficits.

    Stevens, Karen E / Zheng, Lijun / Floyd, Kirsten L / Stitzel, Jerry A

    Brain research

    2015  Volume 1611, Page(s) 8–17

    Abstract: Positive allosteric modulators (PAMs) for the α7 nicotinic receptor hold promise for the treatment of sensory inhibition deficits observed in schizophrenia patients. Studies of these compounds in the DBA/2 mouse, which models the schizophrenia-related ... ...

    Abstract Positive allosteric modulators (PAMs) for the α7 nicotinic receptor hold promise for the treatment of sensory inhibition deficits observed in schizophrenia patients. Studies of these compounds in the DBA/2 mouse, which models the schizophrenia-related deficit in sensory inhibition, have shown PAMs to be effective in improving the deficit. However, the first published clinical trial of a PAM for both sensory inhibition deficits and related cognitive difficulties failed, casting a shadow on this therapeutic approach. The present study used both DBA/2 mice, and C3H Chrna7 heterozygote mice to assess the ability of the α7 PAM, PNU-120596, to improve sensory inhibition. Both of these strains of mice have reduced hippocampal α7 nicotinic receptor numbers and deficient sensory inhibition similar to schizophrenia patients. Low doses of PNU-120596 (1 or 3.33mg/kg) were effective in the DBA/2 mouse but not the C3H Chrna7 heterozygote mouse. Moderate doses of the selective α7 nicotinic receptor agonist, choline chloride (10 or 33mg/kg), were also ineffective in improving sensory inhibition in the C3H Chrna7 heterozygote mouse. However, combining the lowest doses of both PNU-120596 and choline chloride in this mouse model did improve sensory inhibition. We propose here that the difference in efficacy of PNU-120596 between the 2 mouse strains is driven by differences in hippocampal α7 nicotinic receptor numbers, such that C3H Chrna7 heterozygote mice require additional direct stimulation of the α7 receptors. These data may have implications for further clinical testing of putative α7 nicotinic receptor PAMs.
    MeSH term(s) Acoustic Stimulation ; Animals ; Auditory Perception/drug effects ; Auditory Perception/physiology ; Choline/pharmacology ; Disease Models, Animal ; Female ; Heterozygote ; Hippocampus/drug effects ; Hippocampus/physiopathology ; Isoxazoles/pharmacology ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C3H ; Mice, Inbred DBA ; Mice, Transgenic ; Phenylurea Compounds/pharmacology ; Schizophrenia/physiopathology ; Sensory Gating/physiology ; alpha7 Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptor/agonists ; alpha7 Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptor/genetics ; alpha7 Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptor/physiology
    Chemical Substances 1-(5-chloro-2,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-(5-methylisoxazol-3-yl)urea ; Chrna7 protein, mouse ; Isoxazoles ; Phenylurea Compounds ; alpha7 Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptor ; Choline (N91BDP6H0X)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2015-06-22
    Publishing country Netherlands
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
    ZDB-ID 1200-2
    ISSN 1872-6240 ; 0006-8993
    ISSN (online) 1872-6240
    ISSN 0006-8993
    DOI 10.1016/j.brainres.2015.02.044
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  7. Article ; Online: Effects of a ketogenic diet on auditory gating in DBA/2 mice: A proof-of-concept study.

    Tregellas, Jason R / Smucny, Jason / Legget, Kristina T / Stevens, Karen E

    Schizophrenia research

    2015  Volume 169, Issue 1-3, Page(s) 351–354

    Abstract: Although the ketogenic diet has shown promise in a pilot study and case report in schizophrenia, its effects in animal models of hypothesized disease mechanisms are unknown. This study examined effects of treatment with the ketogenic diet on hippocampal ... ...

    Abstract Although the ketogenic diet has shown promise in a pilot study and case report in schizophrenia, its effects in animal models of hypothesized disease mechanisms are unknown. This study examined effects of treatment with the ketogenic diet on hippocampal P20/N40 gating in DBA/2 mice, a translational endophenotype that mirrors inhibitory deficits in P50 sensory gating in schizophrenia patients. As expected, the diet increased blood ketone levels. Animals with the highest ketone levels showed the lowest P20/N40 gating ratios. These preliminary results suggest that the ketogenic diet may effectively target sensory gating deficits and is a promising area for additional research in schizophrenia.
    MeSH term(s) Acoustic Stimulation ; Analysis of Variance ; Animals ; Diet, Ketogenic ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Electroencephalography ; Evoked Potentials, Auditory/drug effects ; Evoked Potentials, Auditory/physiology ; Hippocampus/drug effects ; Hippocampus/physiology ; Ketones/blood ; Male ; Mice ; Neural Inhibition/drug effects ; Patch-Clamp Techniques ; Sensory Gating/drug effects ; Sensory Gating/physiology
    Chemical Substances Ketones
    Language English
    Publishing date 2015-10-09
    Publishing country Netherlands
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
    ZDB-ID 639422-x
    ISSN 1573-2509 ; 0920-9964
    ISSN (online) 1573-2509
    ISSN 0920-9964
    DOI 10.1016/j.schres.2015.09.022
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  8. Article ; Online: Effect of Lumacaftor/Ivacaftor on Pulmonary Exacerbation Rates in Members with Cystic Fibrosis in a Medicaid Population.

    Tesell, Mark A / Alper, Caroline J / Bacon, Rachel / Greenwood, Bonnie C / Lenz, Kimberly / Jeffrey, Paul L / Stevens, Karen

    Journal of managed care & specialty pharmacy

    2019  Volume 25, Issue 9, Page(s) 1021–1025

    Abstract: Background: Lumacaftor/ivacaftor (LUM/IVA) is indicated for patients with cystic fibrosis (CF) homozygous for the F508del mutation in the CFTR gene. In clinical trials, LUM/IVA decreased pulmonary exacerbation rates. To our knowledge, there is no ... ...

    Abstract Background: Lumacaftor/ivacaftor (LUM/IVA) is indicated for patients with cystic fibrosis (CF) homozygous for the F508del mutation in the CFTR gene. In clinical trials, LUM/IVA decreased pulmonary exacerbation rates. To our knowledge, there is no published data evaluating real-world outcomes for Medicaid patients receiving LUM/IVA.
    Objective: To compare CF pulmonary exacerbation rates before and after initiation of LUM/IVA in 1 state's Medicaid program.
    Methods: This pre-post claims analysis screened fee-for-service and managed Medicaid members who had ≥ 1 pharmacy claim for LUM/IVA between July 2, 2015, and September 30, 2016. Members were included if they were aged ≥ 6 years with a CF diagnosis and homozygous for the F508del mutation, consistent with the indication at study initiation. Exclusion criteria included Medicaid as a secondary payer or any break in coverage during the study. The index date was defined as the first claim for LUM/IVA. Demographics and outcomes were derived from pharmacy and medical claims. Outcomes included overall rate of pulmonary exacerbations (reported as the total events for the study population 6 months before and after the index date and average annualized rate). Pulmonary exacerbation was defined as any combination of medical claims for an emergency room (ER) visit or inpatient hospitalization with a CF pulmonary exacerbation or respiratory infection (ICD-9/10-CM codes) or pharmacy claims for an oral or intravenous antibiotic (excluding macrolides). A gap of > 7 days was considered a new pulmonary exacerbation. Paired t-test was used to test significance.
    Results: 21 patients met inclusion criteria with an average age at treatment initiation of 20.1 years. Average proportion of days covered (SD) was 0.62 (0.29). The number of pulmonary exacerbations increased from 45 to 48 during the 6 months before and after the index date, respectively, and the annualized rate increased from 4.37 to 4.66 (
    Conclusions: This analysis did not find a decrease in pulmonary exacerbation rate for Medicaid members receiving LUM/IVA; however, adherence was low. Further study of similar populations is needed to better understand the long-term effect of treatment.
    Disclosures: No outside funding supported this study. The authors have nothing to disclose. A poster of this project was presented at the Academy of Managed Care Pharmacy Managed Care & Specialty Pharmacy Annual Meeting 2018 in Boston, MA, on April 23-26, 2018.
    MeSH term(s) Adolescent ; Adult ; Aminophenols/therapeutic use ; Aminopyridines/therapeutic use ; Benzodioxoles/therapeutic use ; Child ; Chloride Channel Agonists/therapeutic use ; Cystic Fibrosis/drug therapy ; Cystic Fibrosis/genetics ; Cystic Fibrosis Transmembrane Conductance Regulator/genetics ; Drug Combinations ; Female ; Humans ; Lung/drug effects ; Lung/metabolism ; Male ; Medicaid ; Middle Aged ; Mutation/genetics ; Quinolones/therapeutic use ; United States ; Young Adult
    Chemical Substances Aminophenols ; Aminopyridines ; Benzodioxoles ; Chloride Channel Agonists ; Drug Combinations ; Quinolones ; lumacaftor, ivacaftor drug combination ; Cystic Fibrosis Transmembrane Conductance Regulator (126880-72-6) ; ivacaftor (1Y740ILL1Z) ; lumacaftor (EGP8L81APK)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2019-08-23
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Observational Study
    ISSN 2376-1032
    ISSN (online) 2376-1032
    DOI 10.18553/jmcp.2019.25.9.1021
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  9. Article ; Online: Do abdominal cutouts in thoracolumbosacral orthoses increase pulmonary function?

    Frownfelter, Donna / Stevens, Karen / Massery, Mary / Bernardoni, Gene

    Clinical orthopaedics and related research

    2013  Volume 472, Issue 2, Page(s) 720–726

    Abstract: Background: Thoracolumbosacral orthoses (TLSOs) are effective in their intended purpose of limiting spinal movement but tend to restrict rib cage and abdominal motion. Incorporating an abdominal cutout, allowing abdominal excursion, may reduce the ... ...

    Abstract Background: Thoracolumbosacral orthoses (TLSOs) are effective in their intended purpose of limiting spinal movement but tend to restrict rib cage and abdominal motion. Incorporating an abdominal cutout, allowing abdominal excursion, may reduce the restraint on abdominal expansion associated with inhalation and thereby reduce pulmonary compromise.
    Questions/purposes: (1) For healthy adults, does a TLSO restrict pulmonary function at rest and after exercise compared with no TLSO (control)? (2) At rest, is pulmonary function increased by adding an abdominal cutout to the TLSO (open) compared with a traditional closed TLSO (no abdominal cutout)? (3) Are those results similar after exercise?
    Methods: Twenty healthy adults wore a custom-molded TLSO with a reattachable abdominal cutout. Forced vital capacity (FVC) and forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1) were recorded at rest and after exercise in three conditions: (1) no TLSO (control); (2) TLSO (closed); and (3) TLSO (open).
    Results: Wearing a TLSO (closed or open) reduced FVC and FEV1 similarly at rest (p < 0.001) and after exercise (p < 0.001) compared with controls. Adding an abdominal cutout (open) to the TLSO increased FVC at rest (95% confidence interval [CI], 3.79-4.76; p = 0.007) and postexercise (95% CI, 3.80-4.73; p = 0.025) compared with the closed TLSO, and FEV1 increased postexercise (95% CI, 3.01-3.76; p = 0.02) but not at rest (95% CI, 2.96-3.73; p = 0.053).
    Conclusions: TLSOs restrict pulmonary function in healthy adults. An abdominal cutout in the TLSO increased pulmonary function, especially with activity, suggesting that cutouts should be considered when fabricating TLSOs for individuals with compromised breathing such as with neuromuscular disorders, scoliosis, or spine surgery.
    MeSH term(s) Abdomen/physiology ; Adult ; Biomechanical Phenomena ; Braces/adverse effects ; Chicago ; Equipment Design ; Exercise ; Forced Expiratory Volume ; Healthy Volunteers ; Humans ; Inhalation ; Lumbar Vertebrae/physiology ; Lung/physiology ; Middle Aged ; Multivariate Analysis ; Rest ; Sacrum/physiology ; Thoracic Vertebrae/physiology ; Vital Capacity ; Young Adult
    Language English
    Publishing date 2013-09-14
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Comparative Study ; Journal Article ; Randomized Controlled Trial
    ZDB-ID 80301-7
    ISSN 1528-1132 ; 0009-921X
    ISSN (online) 1528-1132
    ISSN 0009-921X
    DOI 10.1007/s11999-013-3281-3
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  10. Article: The antiepileptic drug levetiracetam improves auditory gating in DBA/2 mice.

    Smucny, Jason / Stevens, Karen E / Tregellas, Jason R

    NPJ schizophrenia

    2013  Volume 1

    Abstract: Schizophrenia is associated with deficits in P50 gating. This deficit is preclinically modeled in the DBA/2 mouse by depth recordings in the hippocampus. Neurobiologically, the deficit may be due to dysfunction in inhibitory circuitry. It follows that ... ...

    Abstract Schizophrenia is associated with deficits in P50 gating. This deficit is preclinically modeled in the DBA/2 mouse by depth recordings in the hippocampus. Neurobiologically, the deficit may be due to dysfunction in inhibitory circuitry. It follows that anti-epileptic drugs which impact this circuitry, such as levetiracetam (LEV), may improve gating. To that end, the goal of this study was to evaluate the ability of LEV to normalize sensory gating in the DBA/2 mouse. Gating of the murine analog of the P50, the P20-N40, was evaluated from
    Language English
    Publishing date 2013-11-19
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2813844-2
    ISSN 2334-265X
    ISSN 2334-265X
    DOI 10.1038/npjschz.2015.2
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