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  1. Article ; Online: Initial Investigation of a Grating Stimulus as a Visual Endpoint for Human Centrifuge Research.

    Britton, Joseph / Connolly, Desmond M / Hawarden, Danielle E / Stevenson, Alec T / Harridge, Stephen D R / Green, Nicholas D C / Pollock, Ross D

    Aerospace medicine and human performance

    2024  Volume 94, Issue 12, Page(s) 894–901

    Abstract: INTRODUCTION: ...

    Abstract INTRODUCTION:
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Reproducibility of Results ; Aerospace Medicine ; Centrifugation ; Fatigue ; Acceleration
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-01-01
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2809085-8
    ISSN 2375-6322 ; 2375-6314
    ISSN (online) 2375-6322
    ISSN 2375-6314
    DOI 10.3357/AMHP.6246.2023
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article ; Online: Indirect Measurements of Acceleration Atelectasis and the Role of Inspired Oxygen Concentrations.

    Pollock, Ross D / Gates, Sonny D / Radcliffe, Jeremy J / Stevenson, Alec T

    Aerospace medicine and human performance

    2021  Volume 92, Issue 10, Page(s) 780–785

    Abstract: BACKGROUND: ...

    Abstract BACKGROUND:
    MeSH term(s) Acceleration ; Humans ; Hypoxia ; Oximetry ; Oxygen ; Pulmonary Atelectasis
    Chemical Substances Oxygen (S88TT14065)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-10-12
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2809085-8
    ISSN 2375-6322 ; 2375-6314
    ISSN (online) 2375-6322
    ISSN 2375-6314
    DOI 10.3357/AMHP.5859.2021
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  3. Article ; Online: Physiological Effects of Centrifuge-Simulated Suborbital Spaceflight.

    Smith, Thomas G / Pollock, Ross D / Britton, Joseph K / Green, Nicholas D C / Hodkinson, Peter D / Mitchell, Stuart J / Stevenson, Alec T

    Aerospace medicine and human performance

    2023  Volume 93, Issue 12, Page(s) 830–839

    Abstract: BACKGROUND: ...

    Abstract BACKGROUND:
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Aerospace Medicine ; Space Flight ; Centrifugation ; Hemodynamics ; Blood Pressure ; Acceleration
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-02-08
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2809085-8
    ISSN 2375-6322 ; 2375-6314
    ISSN (online) 2375-6322
    ISSN 2375-6314
    DOI 10.3357/AMHP.6153.2022
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  4. Article ; Online: Indices of acceleration atelectasis and the effect of hypergravity duration on its development.

    Pollock, Ross D / Gates, Sonny D / Storey, Jessica A / Radcliffe, Jeremy J / Stevenson, Alec T

    Experimental physiology

    2020  Volume 106, Issue 1, Page(s) 18–27

    Abstract: New findings: What is the central question of the study? The aim was to determine the effects of duration of acceleration in the cranial-caudal direction (+Gz) on acceleration atelectasis and identify measurement techniques that can be used to assess it. ...

    Abstract New findings: What is the central question of the study? The aim was to determine the effects of duration of acceleration in the cranial-caudal direction (+Gz) on acceleration atelectasis and identify measurement techniques that can be used to assess it. What is the main finding and its importance? Non-invasive measurement of acceleration atelectasis using electrical impedance tomography and estimates of pulmonary shunt provide more detailed assessment of acceleration atelectasis than traditional forced vital capacity measures. Using these techniques, it was found that as little as 30 s of exposure to +Gz acceleration can cause acceleration atelectasis. The results of the present study will allow a more accurate and detailed assessment of acceleration atelectasis in the future.
    Abstract: Recently, there have been reports of acceleration atelectasis during fast jet flight despite the use of systems designed to minimize this. Before further investigation of this, indices suitable for use in applied settings and identification of acceleration durations that elicit it are required. Fifteen non-aircrew subjects underwented five centrifuge exposures lasting 15, 30, 60 and 2 × 90 s with a plateau of +5 Gz (acceleration in the cranial-caudal direction) while breathing 94% O
    MeSH term(s) Acceleration ; Adult ; Female ; Humans ; Hypergravity ; Lung/physiopathology ; Male ; Oxygen/metabolism ; Pulmonary Atelectasis/physiopathology ; Respiration ; Vital Capacity/physiology ; Young Adult
    Chemical Substances Oxygen (S88TT14065)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-05-10
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 1016295-1
    ISSN 1469-445X ; 0958-0670
    ISSN (online) 1469-445X
    ISSN 0958-0670
    DOI 10.1113/EP088495
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  5. Article: +Gz tolerance, with and without muscle tensing, following loss of anti-G trouser pressure.

    Stevenson, Alec T / Scott, Jonathan P R

    Aviation, space, and environmental medicine

    2013  Volume 85, Issue 4, Page(s) 426–432

    Abstract: Background: Fast jet aircrew are heavily reliant on anti-G trousers (AGT) and failure of the garment or its pressure supply would expose them to high levels of +Gz acceleration without protection. A previous study demonstrated the severity of this event ...

    Abstract Background: Fast jet aircrew are heavily reliant on anti-G trousers (AGT) and failure of the garment or its pressure supply would expose them to high levels of +Gz acceleration without protection. A previous study demonstrated the severity of this event at high +Gz, but no data exists as to the maximum +Gz level which could be tolerated.
    Methods: : While relaxed and with lower body muscle tensing, 10 experienced centrifuge subjects had their AGT deflated after 5 and 30 s of +Gz exposure. Discrete +Gz exposures of increasing intensity were performed until deflation resulted in central light loss (CLL). Visual symptoms, eye-level systolic BP (SBPeye), and mean blood flow velocity in the middle cerebral artery (MCAVmean) were recorded.
    Results: The mean +Gz level at CLL following AGT deflation was comparable to that without AGT inflation (+4.07 Gz) and increased by muscle tensing (+0.53 G) independent of exposure duration. Initial visual symptoms occurred more rapidly in the shorter +Gz exposures, while progression to CLL was quicker with muscle tensing compared with relaxed, but never less than 6.7 s. At CLL, the nadir in SBPeye was higher (+17 mmHg) with muscle tensing compared with relaxed, while MCAVmean was decreased by about 50% in all conditions.
    Discussion: +Gz tolerance following AGT deflation is comparable to that without inflation and only modestly increased by muscle tensing. Although vision is maintained for several seconds following AGT deflation, progression of light loss symptoms can be rapid, possibly resulting in insufficient time to respond before G-induced loss of conciousness (G-LOC) ensues.
    MeSH term(s) Adult ; Aerospace Medicine ; Blood Pressure/physiology ; Centrifugation ; Gravity Suits ; Head/blood supply ; Humans ; Hypergravity ; Male ; Middle Cerebral Artery/physiology ; Muscle Tonus/physiology ; Vision, Ocular
    Language English
    Publishing date 2013-09-01
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 127397-8
    ISSN 1943-4448 ; 0095-6562
    ISSN (online) 1943-4448
    ISSN 0095-6562
    DOI 10.3357/asem.3773.2014
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  6. Article ; Online: Hemodynamic Responses and G Protection Afforded by Three Different Anti-G Systems.

    Pollock, Ross D / Firth, Rachel V / Storey, Jessica A / Phillips, Katherine E / Connolly, Desmond M / Green, Nicholas D C / Stevenson, Alec T

    Aerospace medicine and human performance

    2019  Volume 90, Issue 11, Page(s) 925–933

    Abstract: BACKGROUND: ...

    Abstract BACKGROUND:
    MeSH term(s) Acceleration/adverse effects ; Adult ; Aerospace Medicine/instrumentation ; Centrifugation/adverse effects ; Gravity Suits ; Hemodynamics/physiology ; Humans ; Hypergravity/adverse effects ; Male ; Military Personnel ; United Kingdom ; Young Adult
    Language English
    Publishing date 2019-10-31
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2809085-8
    ISSN 2375-6322 ; 2375-6314
    ISSN (online) 2375-6322
    ISSN 2375-6314
    DOI 10.3357/AMHP.4927.2019
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  7. Article ; Online: Aircrew Conditioning Programme Impact on +Gz Tolerance.

    Slungaard, Ellen / Pollock, Ross D / Stevenson, Alec T / Green, Nicholas D C / Newham, Di J / Harridge, Stephen D R

    Aerospace medicine and human performance

    2019  Volume 90, Issue 9, Page(s) 764–773

    Abstract: INTRODUCTION: ...

    Abstract INTRODUCTION:
    MeSH term(s) Acceleration/adverse effects ; Adult ; Aerospace Medicine/methods ; Centrifugation ; Humans ; Hypergravity/adverse effects ; Male ; Military Personnel ; Physical Conditioning, Human/methods ; United Kingdom ; Warfare ; Young Adult
    Language English
    Publishing date 2019-08-08
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2809085-8
    ISSN 2375-6322 ; 2375-6314
    ISSN (online) 2375-6322
    ISSN 2375-6314
    DOI 10.3357/AMHP.5318.2019
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  8. Article ; Online: Dynamic lung behavior under high G acceleration monitored with electrical impedance tomography.

    Menden, Tobias / Alcaín, Gema B / Stevenson, Alec T / Pollock, Ross D / Tank, Henry / Hodkinson, Peter / Jolley, Caroline / Smith, Thomas G / Leonhardt, Steffen / Walter, Marian

    Physiological measurement

    2021  Volume 42, Issue 9

    Abstract: ... ...

    Abstract Objective
    MeSH term(s) Acceleration ; Electric Impedance ; Humans ; Lung/diagnostic imaging ; Tomography ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-09-27
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 1149545-5
    ISSN 1361-6579 ; 0967-3334
    ISSN (online) 1361-6579
    ISSN 0967-3334
    DOI 10.1088/1361-6579/ac1c63
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  9. Article: Subjective and objective measures of relaxed +Gz tolerance following repeated +Gz exposure.

    Scott, Jonathan P R / Jungius, James / Connolly, Desmond / Stevenson, Alec T

    Aviation, space, and environmental medicine

    2013  Volume 84, Issue 7, Page(s) 684–691

    Abstract: Background: Repeated exposure to +Gz acceleration provokes cardiovascular adaptations of potential benefit to pilots' +Gz tolerance, but whether such changes actually improve human tolerance to +Gz acceleration is uncertain. This study assessed +Gz ... ...

    Abstract Background: Repeated exposure to +Gz acceleration provokes cardiovascular adaptations of potential benefit to pilots' +Gz tolerance, but whether such changes actually improve human tolerance to +Gz acceleration is uncertain. This study assessed +Gz tolerance before and after repeated exposure to +Gz at two different intensities as the role of frequency of +Gz exposure in adaptation also remains unknown.
    Methods: In a cross-over design, 10 experienced male centrifuge volunteers completed two experimental conditions separated by at least 3 wk. Subjects completed four simulated air combat maneuvers (SACM) on a human centrifuge, either twice or four times per week, for 3 consecutive weeks. Relaxed +Gz tolerance (RGT) during a gradual onset run (GOR, 0.1 G x s(-1)) and cardiovascular responses to rapid and incremental head-up tilt were assessed before and after each condition.
    Results: Rapid and incremental head-up tilt increased both mean arterial and diastolic blood pressures following +Gz exposure. +Gz exposure attenuated the increase in heart rate (+9 +/- 3 vs. +11 +/- 3 mmHg/Gz) and the decrease in eye-level systolic blood pressure (-11 +/- 3 vs. -14 +/- 4 mmHg/Gz) during GOR, but had no effect on RGT (4/wk: +3.88 +/- 0.56 vs. +3.92 +/- 0.63 Gz; 2/wk: +3.89 +/- 0.69 vs. +3.92 +/- 0.69 Gz).
    Discussion: Frequent +Gz acceleration, either as 2 (8 SACMs) or 4 sessions (16 SACMs) per week for 3 wk, enhances cardiovascular tolerance to orthostatic stress but does not improve RGT measured during a GOR.
    MeSH term(s) Acceleration ; Adaptation, Physiological/physiology ; Adult ; Aerospace Medicine ; Blood Pressure/physiology ; Cardiovascular Physiological Phenomena ; Centrifugation ; Cross-Over Studies ; Habituation, Psychophysiologic/physiology ; Heart Rate/physiology ; Humans ; Hypergravity/adverse effects ; Male ; Young Adult
    Language English
    Publishing date 2013-07-08
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Clinical Trial ; Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 127397-8
    ISSN 1943-4448 ; 0095-6562
    ISSN (online) 1943-4448
    ISSN 0095-6562
    DOI 10.3357/asem.3550.2013
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  10. Article ; Online: Pulmonary Effects of Sustained Periods of High-G Acceleration Relevant to Suborbital Spaceflight.

    Pollock, Ross D / Jolley, Caroline J / Abid, Nadia / Couper, John H / Estrada-Petrocelli, Luis / Hodkinson, Peter D / Leonhardt, Steffen / Magor-Elliott, Snapper / Menden, Tobias / Rafferty, Gerrard / Richmond, Graham / Robbins, Peter A / Ritchie, Grant A D / Segal, Mitchell J / Stevenson, Alec T / Tank, Henry D / Smith, Thomas G

    Aerospace medicine and human performance

    2021  Volume 92, Issue 8, Page(s) 633–641

    Abstract: ... ...

    Abstract Abstract
    MeSH term(s) Acceleration ; Aerospace Medicine ; Centrifugation ; Gravitation ; Humans ; Space Flight
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-09-09
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2809085-8
    ISSN 2375-6322 ; 2375-6314
    ISSN (online) 2375-6322
    ISSN 2375-6314
    DOI 10.3357/AMHP.5790.2021
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