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  1. Article ; Online: Do trees grow on money? Auxin as the currency of the cellular economy.

    Stewart, Jodi L / Nemhauser, Jennifer L

    Cold Spring Harbor perspectives in biology

    2010  Volume 2, Issue 2, Page(s) a001420

    Abstract: Auxin plays a role in nearly every aspect of a plant's life. Signals from the developmental program, physiological status, and encounters with other organisms all converge on the auxin pathway. The molecular mechanisms facilitating these interactions are ...

    Abstract Auxin plays a role in nearly every aspect of a plant's life. Signals from the developmental program, physiological status, and encounters with other organisms all converge on the auxin pathway. The molecular mechanisms facilitating these interactions are diverse; yet, common themes emerge. Auxin can be regulated by modulating rates of biosynthesis, conjugation, and transport, as well as sensitivity of a cell to the auxin signal. In this article, we describe some well-studied examples of auxin's interactions with other pathways.
    MeSH term(s) Arabidopsis/metabolism ; Biological Transport ; Gene Expression Regulation, Plant ; Indoleacetic Acids/metabolism ; Models, Biological ; Models, Genetic ; Mutation ; Phenotype ; Plant Growth Regulators/metabolism ; Plant Physiological Phenomena ; Plants/metabolism ; Signal Transduction ; Trees
    Chemical Substances Indoleacetic Acids ; Plant Growth Regulators
    Language English
    Publishing date 2010-02-23
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S. ; Review
    ISSN 1943-0264
    ISSN (online) 1943-0264
    DOI 10.1101/cshperspect.a001420
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article ; Online: PIF genes mediate the effect of sucrose on seedling growth dynamics.

    Stewart, Jodi L / Maloof, Julin N / Nemhauser, Jennifer L

    PloS one

    2011  Volume 6, Issue 5, Page(s) e19894

    Abstract: As photoautotrophs, plants can use both the form and amount of fixed carbon as a measure of the light environment. In this study, we used a variety of approaches to elucidate the role of exogenous sucrose in modifying seedling growth dynamics. In ... ...

    Abstract As photoautotrophs, plants can use both the form and amount of fixed carbon as a measure of the light environment. In this study, we used a variety of approaches to elucidate the role of exogenous sucrose in modifying seedling growth dynamics. In addition to its known effects on germination, high-resolution temporal analysis revealed that sucrose could extend the number of days plants exhibited rapid hypocotyl elongation, leading to dramatic increases in ultimate seedling height. In addition, sucrose changed the timing of daily growth maxima, demonstrating that diel growth dynamics are more plastic than previously suspected. Sucrose-dependent growth promotion required function of multiple phytochrome-interacting factors (PIFs), and overexpression of PIF5 led to growth dynamics similar to plants exposed to sucrose. Consistent with this result, sucrose was found to increase levels of PIF5 protein. PIFs have well-established roles as integrators of response to light levels, time of day and phytohormone signaling. Our findings strongly suggest that carbon availability can modify the known photomorphogenetic signaling network.
    MeSH term(s) Arabidopsis/drug effects ; Arabidopsis/genetics ; Arabidopsis/growth & development ; Arabidopsis Proteins/genetics ; Arabidopsis Proteins/metabolism ; Basic Helix-Loop-Helix Transcription Factors/genetics ; Basic Helix-Loop-Helix Transcription Factors/metabolism ; Blotting, Western ; Gene Expression Regulation, Plant/drug effects ; Germination/drug effects ; Hypocotyl/drug effects ; Hypocotyl/genetics ; Hypocotyl/growth & development ; Light ; Phytochrome/pharmacology ; RNA, Messenger/genetics ; RNA, Plant/genetics ; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Seedlings/drug effects ; Seedlings/genetics ; Seedlings/growth & development ; Sucrose/pharmacology
    Chemical Substances Arabidopsis Proteins ; Basic Helix-Loop-Helix Transcription Factors ; PIF1 protein, Arabidopsis ; PIF5 protein, Arabidopsis ; RNA, Messenger ; RNA, Plant ; Phytochrome (11121-56-5) ; Sucrose (57-50-1)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2011-05-23
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.
    ISSN 1932-6203
    ISSN (online) 1932-6203
    DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0019894
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article ; Online: Unrestricted migration favours virulent pathogens in experimental metapopulations: evolutionary genetics of a rapacious life history.

    Eshelman, Christal M / Vouk, Roxanne / Stewart, Jodi L / Halsne, Elizabeth / Lindsey, Haley A / Schneider, Stacy / Gualu, Miliyard / Dean, Antony M / Kerr, Benjamin

    Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences

    2010  Volume 365, Issue 1552, Page(s) 2503–2513

    Abstract: Understanding pathogen infectivity and virulence requires combining insights from epidemiology, ecology, evolution and genetics. Although theoretical work in these fields has identified population structure as important for pathogen life-history ... ...

    Abstract Understanding pathogen infectivity and virulence requires combining insights from epidemiology, ecology, evolution and genetics. Although theoretical work in these fields has identified population structure as important for pathogen life-history evolution, experimental tests are scarce. Here, we explore the impact of population structure on life-history evolution in phage T4, a viral pathogen of Escherichia coli. The host-pathogen system is propagated as a metapopulation in which migration between subpopulations is either spatially restricted or unrestricted. Restricted migration favours pathogens with low infectivity and low virulence. Unrestricted migration favours pathogens that enter and exit their hosts quickly, although they are less productive owing to rapid extirpation of the host population. The rise of such 'rapacious' phage produces a 'tragedy of the commons', in which better competitors lower productivity. We have now identified a genetic basis for a rapacious life history. Mutations at a single locus (rI) cause increased virulence and are sufficient to account for a negative relationship between phage competitive ability and productivity. A higher frequency of rI mutants under unrestricted migration signifies the evolution of rapaciousness in this treatment. Conversely, spatially restricted migration favours a more 'prudent' pathogen strategy, in which the tragedy of the commons is averted. As our results illustrate, profound epidemiological and ecological consequences of life-history evolution in a pathogen can have a simple genetic cause.
    MeSH term(s) Adsorption ; Bacteriophage T4/genetics ; Bacteriophage T4/pathogenicity ; Escherichia coli/virology ; Evolution, Molecular ; Host-Pathogen Interactions ; Models, Biological ; Movement ; Population Dynamics ; Spectrophotometry ; Virulence ; Virus Internalization
    Language English
    Publishing date 2010-07-19
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.
    ZDB-ID 208382-6
    ISSN 1471-2970 ; 0080-4622 ; 0264-3839 ; 0962-8436
    ISSN (online) 1471-2970
    ISSN 0080-4622 ; 0264-3839 ; 0962-8436
    DOI 10.1098/rstb.2010.0066
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  4. Article ; Online: The rapidly evolving centromere-specific histone has stringent functional requirements in Arabidopsis thaliana.

    Ravi, Maruthachalam / Kwong, Pak N / Menorca, Ron M G / Valencia, Joel T / Ramahi, Joseph S / Stewart, Jodi L / Tran, Robert K / Sundaresan, Venkatesan / Comai, Luca / Chan, Simon W-L

    Genetics

    2010  Volume 186, Issue 2, Page(s) 461–471

    Abstract: Centromeres control chromosome inheritance in eukaryotes, yet their DNA structure and primary sequence are hypervariable. Most animals and plants have megabases of tandem repeats at their centromeres, unlike yeast with unique centromere sequences. ... ...

    Abstract Centromeres control chromosome inheritance in eukaryotes, yet their DNA structure and primary sequence are hypervariable. Most animals and plants have megabases of tandem repeats at their centromeres, unlike yeast with unique centromere sequences. Centromere function requires the centromere-specific histone CENH3 (CENP-A in human), which replaces histone H3 in centromeric nucleosomes. CENH3 evolves rapidly, particularly in its N-terminal tail domain. A portion of the CENH3 histone-fold domain, the CENP-A targeting domain (CATD), has been previously shown to confer kinetochore localization and centromere function when swapped into human H3. Furthermore, CENP-A in human cells can be functionally replaced by CENH3 from distantly related organisms including Saccharomyces cerevisiae. We have used cenh3-1 (a null mutant in Arabidopsis thaliana) to replace endogenous CENH3 with GFP-tagged variants. A H3.3 tail domain-CENH3 histone-fold domain chimera rescued viability of cenh3-1, but CENH3's lacking a tail domain were nonfunctional. In contrast to human results, H3 containing the A. thaliana CATD cannot complement cenh3-1. GFP-CENH3 from the sister species A. arenosa functionally replaces A. thaliana CENH3. GFP-CENH3 from the close relative Brassica rapa was targeted to centromeres, but did not complement cenh3-1, indicating that kinetochore localization and centromere function can be uncoupled. We conclude that CENH3 function in A. thaliana, an organism with large tandem repeat centromeres, has stringent requirements for functional complementation in mitosis.
    MeSH term(s) Arabidopsis/cytology ; Arabidopsis/genetics ; Arabidopsis/metabolism ; Arabidopsis Proteins/chemistry ; Arabidopsis Proteins/genetics ; Arabidopsis Proteins/metabolism ; Base Sequence ; Cell Cycle Proteins/metabolism ; Centromere/metabolism ; Evolution, Molecular ; Genetic Complementation Test ; Histones/chemistry ; Histones/genetics ; Histones/metabolism ; Kinetochores/metabolism ; Plant Proteins/chemistry ; Plant Proteins/genetics ; Plant Proteins/metabolism ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Protein Structure, Tertiary ; Recombinant Fusion Proteins/metabolism ; Species Specificity ; Transgenes
    Chemical Substances Arabidopsis Proteins ; Cell Cycle Proteins ; Histones ; Plant Proteins ; Recombinant Fusion Proteins
    Language English
    Publishing date 2010-07-13
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.
    ZDB-ID 2167-2
    ISSN 1943-2631 ; 0016-6731
    ISSN (online) 1943-2631
    ISSN 0016-6731
    DOI 10.1534/genetics.110.120337
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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