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  1. Article ; Online: cGLRs Join Their Cousins of Pattern Recognition Receptor Family to Regulate Immune Homeostasis.

    Kumar, Vijay / Stewart, John H

    International journal of molecular sciences

    2024  Volume 25, Issue 3

    Abstract: Pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) recognize danger signals such as PAMPs/MAMPs and DAMPs to initiate a protective immune response. TLRs, NLRs, CLRs, and RLRs are well-characterized PRRs of the host immune system. cGLRs have been recently identified as ...

    Abstract Pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) recognize danger signals such as PAMPs/MAMPs and DAMPs to initiate a protective immune response. TLRs, NLRs, CLRs, and RLRs are well-characterized PRRs of the host immune system. cGLRs have been recently identified as PRRs. In humans, the cGAS/STING signaling pathway is a part of cGLRs. cGAS recognizes cytosolic dsDNA as a PAMP or DAMP to initiate the STING-dependent immune response comprising type 1 IFN release, NF-κB activation, autophagy, and cellular senescence. The present article discusses the emergence of cGLRs as critical PRRs and how they regulate immune responses. We examined the role of cGAS/STING signaling, a well-studied cGLR system, in the activation of the immune system. The following sections discuss the role of cGAS/STING dysregulation in disease and how immune cross-talk with other PRRs maintains immune homeostasis. This understanding will lead to the design of better vaccines and immunotherapeutics for various diseases, including infections, autoimmunity, and cancers.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Receptors, Pattern Recognition/metabolism ; Immunity, Innate ; Signal Transduction ; Homeostasis ; Nucleotidyltransferases/metabolism
    Chemical Substances Receptors, Pattern Recognition ; Nucleotidyltransferases (EC 2.7.7.-)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-02-02
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 2019364-6
    ISSN 1422-0067 ; 1422-0067 ; 1661-6596
    ISSN (online) 1422-0067
    ISSN 1422-0067 ; 1661-6596
    DOI 10.3390/ijms25031828
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article ; Online: Immune Homeostasis: A Novel Example of Teamwork.

    Kumar, Vijay / Stewart, John H

    Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.)

    2024  Volume 2782, Page(s) 1–24

    Abstract: All living organisms must maintain homeostasis to survive, reproduce, and pass their traits on to the next generation. If homeostasis is not maintained, it can result in various diseases and ultimately lead to death. Physiologists have coined the term " ... ...

    Abstract All living organisms must maintain homeostasis to survive, reproduce, and pass their traits on to the next generation. If homeostasis is not maintained, it can result in various diseases and ultimately lead to death. Physiologists have coined the term "homeostasis" to describe this process. With the emergence of immunology as a separate branch of medicine, the concept of immune homeostasis has been introduced. Maintaining immune homeostasis is crucial to support overall homeostasis through different immunological and non-immunological routes. Any changes in the immune system can lead to chronic inflammatory or autoimmune diseases, immunodeficiency diseases, frequent infections, and cancers. Ongoing scientific advances are exploring new avenues in immunology and immune homeostasis maintenance. This chapter introduces the concept of immune homeostasis and its maintenance through different mechanisms.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Immune System ; Autoimmune Diseases ; Inflammation ; Homeostasis
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-04-16
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ISSN 1940-6029
    ISSN (online) 1940-6029
    DOI 10.1007/978-1-0716-3754-8_1
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  3. Book: Fischer's Mastery of Surgery. (2 Vol Sets)

    Ellison, E. Christopher / Galandiuk, Susan / Pawlik, Timothy M. / Chapman, William C. / Poulose, Benjamin Kuttikatt / Henke, Peter K. / Mohr, Alicia / Islam, Mirza Saleem / Agur, Anne M. R. / Scott-Conner, Carol E. H. / Renton, David / Upchurch, Gilbert R. / Efron, Philip Alexander / Wexner, Steven D. / Perrier, Nancy D. / Klimberg, V. Suzanne / Stewart, John H. / Rusch, Valerie W. / Gould, Jon C.

    (Biopsy Interpretation Series)

    2023  

    Series title Biopsy Interpretation Series
    Keywords Surgery ; Surgical textbook ; General surgery reference ; Surgical techniques ; Surgical procedures ; Surgical education ; Surgical training ; Surgical skills ; Surgical knowledge ; Surgical practice ; Surgical principles ; Surgical specialties ; Surgical subspecialties ; Operative procedures ; Surgical cases ; Surgical guidelines ; Surgical best practices ; Surgical reviews ; Surgical updates ; Surgical board exams
    Language English
    Size 2810 p.
    Edition 8
    Publisher Lippincott Williams
    Document type Book
    Note PDA Manuell_24
    Format 237 x 301 x 147
    ISBN 9781975176433 ; 197517643X
    Database PDA

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  4. Article ; Online: Now Is the Time for a Critical Conversation About the Reporting of Race and Ethnicity.

    Stewart, John H

    JAMA surgery

    2021  Volume 156, Issue 11, Page(s) 1042

    MeSH term(s) Ethnicity/statistics & numerical data ; Health Inequities ; Humans ; Racial Groups/statistics & numerical data ; Social Determinants of Health/ethnology ; United States
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-08-18
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2701841-6
    ISSN 2168-6262 ; 2168-6254
    ISSN (online) 2168-6262
    ISSN 2168-6254
    DOI 10.1001/jamasurg.2021.3753
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    In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

    Uk I Zs.72: Show issues Location:
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    bis Jg. 2021: Bestellungen von Artikeln über das Online-Bestellformular
    ab Jg. 2022: Lesesaal (EG)

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  5. Article ; Online: Immunometabolic reprogramming, another cancer hallmark.

    Kumar, Vijay / Stewart, John H

    Frontiers in immunology

    2023  Volume 14, Page(s) 1125874

    Abstract: Molecular carcinogenesis is a multistep process that involves acquired abnormalities in key biological processes. The complexity of cancer pathogenesis is best illustrated in the six hallmarks of the cancer: (1) the development of self-sufficient growth ... ...

    Abstract Molecular carcinogenesis is a multistep process that involves acquired abnormalities in key biological processes. The complexity of cancer pathogenesis is best illustrated in the six hallmarks of the cancer: (1) the development of self-sufficient growth signals, (2) the emergence of clones that are resistant to apoptosis, (3) resistance to the antigrowth signals, (4) neo-angiogenesis, (5) the invasion of normal tissue or spread to the distant organs, and (6) limitless replicative potential. It also appears that non-resolving inflammation leads to the dysregulation of immune cell metabolism and subsequent cancer progression. The present article delineates immunometabolic reprogramming as a critical hallmark of cancer by linking chronic inflammation and immunosuppression to cancer growth and metastasis. We propose that targeting tumor immunometabolic reprogramming will lead to the design of novel immunotherapeutic approaches to cancer.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Neoplasms ; Immunosuppression Therapy ; Inflammation
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-05-19
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 2606827-8
    ISSN 1664-3224 ; 1664-3224
    ISSN (online) 1664-3224
    ISSN 1664-3224
    DOI 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1125874
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  6. Article ; Online: Editorial: Immunology of cachexia.

    Kumar, Vijay / Stewart, John H

    Frontiers in immunology

    2023  Volume 14, Page(s) 1339263

    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Cachexia/etiology ; Inflammasomes ; NLR Family, Pyrin Domain-Containing 3 Protein
    Chemical Substances Inflammasomes ; NLR Family, Pyrin Domain-Containing 3 Protein
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-12-05
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Editorial
    ZDB-ID 2606827-8
    ISSN 1664-3224 ; 1664-3224
    ISSN (online) 1664-3224
    ISSN 1664-3224
    DOI 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1339263
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  7. Article ; Online: Obesity, bone marrow adiposity, and leukemia: Time to act.

    Kumar, Vijay / Stewart, John H

    Obesity reviews : an official journal of the International Association for the Study of Obesity

    2023  Volume 25, Issue 3, Page(s) e13674

    Abstract: Obesity has taken the face of a pandemic with less direct concern among the general population and scientific community. However, obesity is considered a low-grade systemic inflammation that impacts multiple organs. Chronic inflammation is also ... ...

    Abstract Obesity has taken the face of a pandemic with less direct concern among the general population and scientific community. However, obesity is considered a low-grade systemic inflammation that impacts multiple organs. Chronic inflammation is also associated with different solid and blood cancers. In addition, emerging evidence demonstrates that individuals with obesity are at higher risk of developing blood cancers and have poorer clinical outcomes than individuals in a normal weight range. The bone marrow is critical for hematopoiesis, lymphopoiesis, and myelopoiesis. Therefore, it is vital to understand the mechanisms by which obesity-associated changes in BM adiposity impact leukemia development. BM adipocytes are critical to maintain homeostasis via different means, including immune regulation. However, obesity increases BM adiposity and creates a pro-inflammatory environment to upregulate clonal hematopoiesis and a leukemia-supportive environment. Obesity further alters lymphopoiesis and myelopoiesis via different mechanisms, which dysregulate myeloid and lymphoid immune cell functions mentioned in the text under different sequentially discussed sections. The altered immune cell function during obesity alters hematological malignancies and leukemia susceptibility. Therefore, obesity-induced altered BM adiposity, immune cell generation, and function impact an individual's predisposition and severity of leukemia, which should be considered a critical factor in leukemia patients.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Bone Marrow/pathology ; Bone Marrow/physiology ; Adiposity ; Obesity/complications ; Obesity/pathology ; Inflammation/pathology ; Leukemia/etiology ; Leukemia/pathology ; Hematologic Neoplasms/pathology
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-12-13
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 2147980-X
    ISSN 1467-789X ; 1467-7881
    ISSN (online) 1467-789X
    ISSN 1467-7881
    DOI 10.1111/obr.13674
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    In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

    Zs.A 5908: Show issues Location:
    Je nach Verfügbarkeit (siehe Angabe bei Bestand)
    bis Jg. 1994: Bestellungen von Artikeln über das Online-Bestellformular
    Jg. 1995 - 2021: Lesesall (2.OG)
    ab Jg. 2022: Lesesaal (EG)

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  8. Article ; Online: TIME Is Ticking for Cervical Cancer

    Kumar, Vijay / Bauer, Caitlin / Stewart, John H.

    Biology (Basel). 2023 June 30, v. 12, no. 7

    2023  

    Abstract: Cervical cancer (CC) is a major health problem among reproductive-age females and comprises a leading cause of cancer-related deaths. Human papillomavirus (HPV) is the major risk factor associated with CC incidence. However, lifestyle is also a critical ... ...

    Abstract Cervical cancer (CC) is a major health problem among reproductive-age females and comprises a leading cause of cancer-related deaths. Human papillomavirus (HPV) is the major risk factor associated with CC incidence. However, lifestyle is also a critical factor in CC pathogenesis. Despite HPV vaccination introduction, the incidence of CC is increasing worldwide. Therefore, it becomes critical to understand the CC tumor immune microenvironment (TIME) to develop immune cell-based vaccination and immunotherapeutic approaches. The current article discusses the immune environment in the normal cervix of adult females and its role in HPV infection. The subsequent sections discuss the alteration of different immune cells comprising CC TIME and their targeting as future therapeutic approaches.
    Keywords Papillomaviridae ; adults ; cervix ; humans ; lifestyle ; pathogenesis ; risk factors ; uterine cervical neoplasms ; vaccination
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2023-0630
    Publishing place Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Document type Article ; Online
    ZDB-ID 2661517-4
    ISSN 2079-7737
    ISSN 2079-7737
    DOI 10.3390/biology12070941
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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  9. Article ; Online: Cancer cell-specific cGAS/STING Signaling pathway in the era of advancing cancer cell biology

    Kumar, Vijay / Bauer, Caitlin / Stewart, John H.

    European Journal of Cell Biology. 2023 Sept., v. 102, no. 3, p. 151338

    2023  , Page(s) 151338

    Abstract: Pattern-recognition receptors (PRRs) are critical to recognizing endogenous and exogenous threats to mount a protective proinflammatory innate immune response. PRRs may be located on the outer cell membrane, cytosol, and nucleus. The cGAS/STING signaling ...

    Abstract Pattern-recognition receptors (PRRs) are critical to recognizing endogenous and exogenous threats to mount a protective proinflammatory innate immune response. PRRs may be located on the outer cell membrane, cytosol, and nucleus. The cGAS/STING signaling pathway is a cytosolic PRR system. Notably, cGAS is also present in the nucleus. The cGAS-mediated recognition of cytosolic dsDNA and its cleavage into cGAMP activates STING. Furthermore, STING activation through its downstream signaling triggers different interferon-stimulating genes (ISGs), initiating the release of type 1 interferons (IFNs) and NF-κB-mediated release of proinflammatory cytokines and molecules. Activating cGAS/STING generates type 1 IFN, which may prevent cellular transformation and cancer development, growth, and metastasis. The current article delineates the impact of the cancer cell-specific cGAS/STING signaling pathway alteration in tumors and its impact on tumor growth and metastasis. This article further discusses different approaches to specifically target cGAS/STING signaling in cancer cells to inhibit tumor growth and metastasis in conjunction with existing anticancer therapies.
    Keywords DNA ; carcinogenesis ; cell membranes ; cytokines ; cytosol ; innate immunity ; metastasis ; neoplasm cells ; neoplasms ; Cancer ; Inflammation ; NF-κB ; Tumor ; TME ; TIME ; cGAS ; STING ; Type 1 IFNs
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2023-09
    Size p. 151338
    Publishing place Elsevier GmbH
    Document type Article ; Online
    ZDB-ID 391967-5
    ISSN 1618-1298 ; 0070-2463 ; 0171-9335
    ISSN (online) 1618-1298
    ISSN 0070-2463 ; 0171-9335
    DOI 10.1016/j.ejcb.2023.151338
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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    In stock of ZB MED Bonn / Germany

    Z 71/716: Show issues

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  10. Article: TIME Is Ticking for Cervical Cancer.

    Kumar, Vijay / Bauer, Caitlin / Stewart, John H

    Biology

    2023  Volume 12, Issue 7

    Abstract: Cervical cancer (CC) is a major health problem among reproductive-age females and comprises a leading cause of cancer-related deaths. Human papillomavirus (HPV) is the major risk factor associated with CC incidence. However, lifestyle is also a critical ... ...

    Abstract Cervical cancer (CC) is a major health problem among reproductive-age females and comprises a leading cause of cancer-related deaths. Human papillomavirus (HPV) is the major risk factor associated with CC incidence. However, lifestyle is also a critical factor in CC pathogenesis. Despite HPV vaccination introduction, the incidence of CC is increasing worldwide. Therefore, it becomes critical to understand the CC tumor immune microenvironment (TIME) to develop immune cell-based vaccination and immunotherapeutic approaches. The current article discusses the immune environment in the normal cervix of adult females and its role in HPV infection. The subsequent sections discuss the alteration of different immune cells comprising CC TIME and their targeting as future therapeutic approaches.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-06-30
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 2661517-4
    ISSN 2079-7737
    ISSN 2079-7737
    DOI 10.3390/biology12070941
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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