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  1. Article ; Online: Epigenetics, estrogenic endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs), and the brain.

    Streifer, Madeline / Gore, Andrea C

    Advances in pharmacology (San Diego, Calif.)

    2021  Volume 92, Page(s) 73–99

    Abstract: Endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) are a major public health concern, yet there are gaps in knowledge about the mechanisms for their effects. The brain is incredibly sensitive to small changes in the hormonal environment during early development, with ...

    Abstract Endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) are a major public health concern, yet there are gaps in knowledge about the mechanisms for their effects. The brain is incredibly sensitive to small changes in the hormonal environment during early development, with natural sex differences in gonadal hormones shaping the organization of sex-specific neural circuits early in life. EDC exposure during these periods can lead to lifelong impacts on neurobiological health outcomes. Recently, epigenetic mechanisms have been proposed as a potential molecular mechanism for effects of endogenous hormones on the organization of developing brain circuits, leading to speculation that these mechanisms may underlie the long-term impacts of EDC exposure. Of these mechanisms, DNA methylation, associated with gene suppression, and histone marks, associated with gene suppression or activation, will be discussed. We review the evidence for hormones and their role in brain sexual differentiation; underlying epigenetic mechanisms; and how two classes of estrogenic EDCs, BPA and PCBs, may interfere with these processes to change brain structure and function.
    MeSH term(s) Brain ; DNA Methylation/genetics ; Endocrine Disruptors/toxicity ; Epigenesis, Genetic ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Sex Characteristics
    Chemical Substances Endocrine Disruptors
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-05-10
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ISSN 1557-8925
    ISSN (online) 1557-8925
    DOI 10.1016/bs.apha.2021.03.006
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article ; Online: Pre- and postnatal developmental exposure to the polychlorinated biphenyl mixture aroclor 1221 alters female rat pituitary gonadotropins and estrogen receptor alpha levels.

    Weis, Karen E / Thompson, Lindsay M / Streifer, Madeline / Guardado, Isabella / Flaws, Jodi A / Gore, Andrea C / Raetzman, Lori T

    Reproductive toxicology (Elmsford, N.Y.)

    2023  Volume 118, Page(s) 108388

    Abstract: Polychlorinated-biphenyls (PCBs) are industrial compounds, which were widely used in manufacturing of electrical parts and transformers. Despite being banned in 1979 due to human health concerns, they persist in the environment. In humans and ... ...

    Abstract Polychlorinated-biphenyls (PCBs) are industrial compounds, which were widely used in manufacturing of electrical parts and transformers. Despite being banned in 1979 due to human health concerns, they persist in the environment. In humans and experimental model systems, PCBs elicit toxicity in part by acting as endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs). Aroclor 1221 (A1221) is a weakly estrogenic PCB mixture known to alter reproductive function in rodents. EDCs can impact hormone signaling at any level of the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal (HPG) axis, and we investigated the effects of A1221 exposure during the prenatal and postnatal developmental periods on pituitary hormone and steroid receptor expression in female rats. Examining offspring at 3 ages, postnatal day 8 (P8), P32 and P60, we found that prenatal exposure to A1221 increased P8 neonate pituitary luteinizing hormone beta (Lhb) mRNA and LHβ gonadotrope cell number while decreasing LH serum hormone concentration. No changes in pituitary hormone or hormone receptor gene expression were observed peri-puberty at P32. In reproductively mature rats at P60, we found pituitary follicle stimulating hormone beta (Fshb) mRNA levels increased by prenatal A1221 exposure with no corresponding alterations in FSH hormone or FSHβ expressing cell number. Estrogen receptor alpha (ERα) mRNA and protein levels were also increased at P60, but only following postnatal A1221 dosing. Together, these data illustrate that exposure to the PCB A1221, during critical developmental windows, alters pituitary gonadotropin hormone subunits and ERα levels in offspring at different phases of maturation, potentially impacting reproductive function in concert with other components of the HPG axis.
    MeSH term(s) Pregnancy ; Humans ; Rats ; Female ; Animals ; Polychlorinated Biphenyls/toxicity ; Estrogen Receptor alpha/genetics ; Sexual Maturation ; Gonadotropins, Pituitary/pharmacology ; Luteinizing Hormone, beta Subunit ; RNA, Messenger ; Follicle Stimulating Hormone
    Chemical Substances Polychlorinated Biphenyls (DFC2HB4I0K) ; aroclor 1221 (11104-28-2) ; Estrogen Receptor alpha ; Gonadotropins, Pituitary ; Luteinizing Hormone, beta Subunit ; RNA, Messenger ; Follicle Stimulating Hormone (9002-68-0)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-04-29
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
    ZDB-ID 639342-1
    ISSN 1873-1708 ; 0890-6238
    ISSN (online) 1873-1708
    ISSN 0890-6238
    DOI 10.1016/j.reprotox.2023.108388
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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    In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

    Zs.A 2316: Show issues Location:
    Je nach Verfügbarkeit (siehe Angabe bei Bestand)
    bis Jg. 1994: Bestellungen von Artikeln über das Online-Bestellformular
    Jg. 1995 - 2021: Lesesall (2.OG)
    ab Jg. 2022: Lesesaal (EG)

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  3. Article ; Online: Prenatal and postnatal exposure to polychlorinated biphenyls alter follicle numbers, gene expression, and a proliferation marker in the rat ovary.

    De La Torre, Kathy M / Lee, Yuna / Safar, Adira / Laws, Mary J / Meling, Daryl D / Thompson, Lindsay M / Streifer, Madeline / Weis, Karen E / Raetzman, Lori T / Gore, Andrea C / Flaws, Jodi A

    Reproductive toxicology (Elmsford, N.Y.)

    2023  Volume 120, Page(s) 108427

    Abstract: Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) were used in industrial applications until they were banned in the 1970s, but they still persist in the environment. Little is known about the long-term effects of exposure to PCB mixtures on the rat ovary during critical ...

    Abstract Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) were used in industrial applications until they were banned in the 1970s, but they still persist in the environment. Little is known about the long-term effects of exposure to PCB mixtures on the rat ovary during critical developmental periods. Thus, this study tested whether prenatal and postnatal exposures to PCBs affect follicle numbers and gene expression in the ovaries of F1 offspring. Sprague-Dawley rats were treated with vehicle or Aroclor 1221 (A1221) at 1 mg/kg/day during embryonic days 8-18 and/or postnatal days (PND) 1-21. Ovaries from F1 rats were collected for assessment of follicle numbers and differential expression of estrogen receptor 1 (Esr1), estrogen receptor 2 (Esr2), androgen receptor (Ar), progesterone receptor (Pgr), and Ki-67 (Ki67) at PNDs 8, 32, and 60. Sera were collected for measurement of estradiol concentrations. Prenatal exposure to A1221 significantly decreased the number of primordial follicles and the total number of follicles at PND 32 compared to control. Postnatal PCB exposure borderline increased Ki67 gene expression and significantly increased Ki67 protein levels (PND 60) compared to control. Combined prenatal and postnatal PCB exposure borderline decreased Ar expression (PND 8) compared to control. However, PCB exposure did not significantly affect the expression of Pgr, Esr1, and Esr2 or serum estradiol concentrations compared to control at any time point. In conclusion, these data suggest that PCB exposure affects follicle numbers and levels of the proliferation marker Ki67, but it does not affect expression of some sex steroid hormone receptors in the rat ovary.
    MeSH term(s) Pregnancy ; Female ; Rats ; Animals ; Humans ; Polychlorinated Biphenyls/toxicity ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Ovary ; Ki-67 Antigen ; Estradiol ; Cell Proliferation ; Gene Expression ; Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects
    Chemical Substances Polychlorinated Biphenyls (DFC2HB4I0K) ; Ki-67 Antigen ; Estradiol (4TI98Z838E)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-07-01
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
    ZDB-ID 639342-1
    ISSN 1873-1708 ; 0890-6238
    ISSN (online) 1873-1708
    ISSN 0890-6238
    DOI 10.1016/j.reprotox.2023.108427
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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    In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

    Zs.A 2316: Show issues Location:
    Je nach Verfügbarkeit (siehe Angabe bei Bestand)
    bis Jg. 1994: Bestellungen von Artikeln über das Online-Bestellformular
    Jg. 1995 - 2021: Lesesall (2.OG)
    ab Jg. 2022: Lesesaal (EG)

    Order via subito

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