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  1. Article: Participants' experiences of a counsellor-supported PTSD Coach intervention in a resource-constrained setting.

    Bröcker, Erine / Scheffler, Freda / Suliman, Sharain / Olff, Miranda / Seedat, Soraya

    Global mental health (Cambridge, England)

    2024  Volume 11, Page(s) e36

    Abstract: We explored participants' experiences of a counsellor-supported PTSD Coach mobile application intervention (PTSD Coach-CS) in a randomised controlled trial. PTSD Coach-CS participants, who received the intervention and self-completed a custom-designed ... ...

    Abstract We explored participants' experiences of a counsellor-supported PTSD Coach mobile application intervention (PTSD Coach-CS) in a randomised controlled trial. PTSD Coach-CS participants, who received the intervention and self-completed a custom-designed questionnaire at intervention completion were included (
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-03-11
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2806466-5
    ISSN 2054-4251
    ISSN 2054-4251
    DOI 10.1017/gmh.2024.34
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article: A counsellor-supported 'PTSD Coach' intervention versus enhanced Treatment-as-Usual in a resource-constrained setting: A randomised controlled trial.

    Bröcker, Erine / Olff, Miranda / Suliman, Sharain / Kidd, Martin / Greyvenstein, Lyrése / Seedat, Soraya

    Global mental health (Cambridge, England)

    2024  Volume 11, Page(s) e7

    Abstract: To widen treatment access for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in resource-constrained South Africa, we evaluated the feasibility and effectiveness of a counsellor-supported PTSD Coach mobile application (app) (PTSD Coach-CS) intervention on PTSD and ...

    Abstract To widen treatment access for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in resource-constrained South Africa, we evaluated the feasibility and effectiveness of a counsellor-supported PTSD Coach mobile application (app) (PTSD Coach-CS) intervention on PTSD and associated sequelae in a community sample. Participants (female = 89%; black = 77%; aged 19-61) with PTSD were randomised to PTSD Coach-CS (
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-01-03
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2806466-5
    ISSN 2054-4251
    ISSN 2054-4251
    DOI 10.1017/gmh.2023.92
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article ; Online: Screening for HIV-associated neurocognitive impairment: Development and validation of an abbreviated neuropsychological test battery for use in South African clinical settings.

    Spies, Georgina / Deist, Melanie / Suliman, Sharain / Seedat, Soraya

    Neuropsychology

    2022  Volume 37, Issue 2, Page(s) 166–180

    Abstract: Background: The HIV Neurobehavioral Research Center International Neurobehavioral Battery is a culturally valid battery sensitive to the neurocognitive (NC) effects of HIV-infection. However, its lengthy administration time makes the battery impractical ...

    Abstract Background: The HIV Neurobehavioral Research Center International Neurobehavioral Battery is a culturally valid battery sensitive to the neurocognitive (NC) effects of HIV-infection. However, its lengthy administration time makes the battery impractical in resource-limited settings, like South Africa, which are often faced with an overwhelming disease burden, a lack of neurological and neuropsychological (NP) expertise, and staff shortages. The present study therefore sought to develop an abbreviated version of the HNRC Battery and validate this battery in a sample of people with HIV (PWH) in South Africa.
    Objective: The present study therefore sought to develop an abbreviated version of the HNRC battery and validate this battery in a sample of people with HIV (PWH) in South Africa.
    Method: Six measures were selected based on the NC test performances of 103 HIV-positive and 135 HIV-negative South African adults. For the validation, a subgroup of 103 PWH completed the full version of the battery, while the other subgroup of 52 PWH completed only the abbreviated version. Deficit scores of each participant were calculated. These scores were used as the gold standard against which the abbreviated battery was compared.
    Results: There was a reduction of 81% in administration time when compared to the full version of the battery. The abbreviated battery demonstrated good sensitivity (75.0%) and excellent specificity (94.9%) when compared with the full version. The abbreviated battery showed good diagnostic accuracy in identifying NC impairment in an HIV-positive South African sample with a significant reduction in administration time, making it a more practical option in busy South African clinic settings.
    Conclusion: The results of this study may facilitate the growth of neuroAIDS research and aid initial identification of HIV-related NC impairment in resource-constrained settings. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved).
    MeSH term(s) Adult ; Humans ; South Africa ; HIV Infections/complications ; HIV Infections/diagnosis ; HIV Infections/psychology ; Neuropsychological Tests ; Mental Status and Dementia Tests
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-11-28
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1042412-x
    ISSN 1931-1559 ; 0894-4105
    ISSN (online) 1931-1559
    ISSN 0894-4105
    DOI 10.1037/neu0000872
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  4. Article ; Online: The relationship between nutrient intake and executive function in adults with post-traumatic stress disorder.

    Rowe, Kirsten / Bröcker, Erine / Suliman, Sharain / Blaauw, Renée / Seedat, Soraya / van den Heuvel, Leigh Luella

    Journal of affective disorders

    2024  Volume 349, Page(s) 125–131

    Abstract: Background: Executive function (EF) deficits are common in adults with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Macro- and micronutrient intake are potential modifiable factors that may influence EF in PTSD.: Objectives: To explore the relationship ... ...

    Abstract Background: Executive function (EF) deficits are common in adults with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Macro- and micronutrient intake are potential modifiable factors that may influence EF in PTSD.
    Objectives: To explore the relationship between the daily dietary intake of ω-3 and ω-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), vitamin C, vitamin E, vitamin D, vitamin B12 and folate, and EF in adults with PTSD.
    Methods: This was a cross-sectional observational study of adults with PTSD who completed neurocognitive assessments (n = 201). Digit span backwards, spatial span backwards, Stroop test and the Ruff Figural Fluency Task were used to assess EF. FoodFinder nutrient intake based on 24-h dietary recalls was used to calculate average daily nutrient intake. Multivariable linear regression models were used to regress EF on the nutrient variables.
    Results: Intake of vitamin E, ω-3 PUFAs, and ω-6 PUFAs were all positively associated with planning and set-shifting, with vitamin E (adjusted β = 0.20, p = 0.004) and ω-6 (adjusted β = 0.17, p = 0.01) remaining significant after adjustment for age; sex; education and body mass index. Vitamin D intake was negatively associated with interference (adjusted β = -0.21, p = 0.01). Vitamin C, vitamin B12 and folate intake were not associated with EF.
    Limitations: 24-h dietary recall data is limited by recall bias. Circulating nutrient levels were not measured.
    Conclusions: Dietary intake of vitamins E, ω-3 and ω-6 may be important modifiable factors affecting EF in adults with PTSD. Randomised controlled trials are needed to investigate whether micro- and macronutrient interventions can improve EF and other outcomes in PTSD.
    MeSH term(s) Adult ; Humans ; Executive Function ; Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Vitamins ; Folic Acid ; Diet ; Vitamin E ; Vitamin B 12 ; Vitamin D ; Fatty Acids, Omega-3 ; Eating ; Ascorbic Acid
    Chemical Substances Vitamins ; Folic Acid (935E97BOY8) ; Vitamin E (1406-18-4) ; Vitamin B 12 (P6YC3EG204) ; Vitamin D (1406-16-2) ; Fatty Acids, Omega-3 ; Ascorbic Acid (PQ6CK8PD0R)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-01-08
    Publishing country Netherlands
    Document type Observational Study ; Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 135449-8
    ISSN 1573-2517 ; 0165-0327
    ISSN (online) 1573-2517
    ISSN 0165-0327
    DOI 10.1016/j.jad.2024.01.065
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  5. Article ; Online: Authors Response: COVID-19 Related Anxiety in Men With Localised Prostate Cancer at Tertiary Hospitals in Cape Town, South Africa.

    Irusen, Hayley / Burger, Henriette / Fernandez, Pedro / Esterhuizen, Tonya / Suliman, Sharain / Seedat, Soraya

    Cancer control : journal of the Moffitt Cancer Center

    2022  Volume 29, Page(s) 10732748211062356

    MeSH term(s) Anxiety/epidemiology ; Anxiety/etiology ; COVID-19 ; Humans ; Male ; Prostatic Neoplasms/epidemiology ; Prostatic Neoplasms/therapy ; South Africa/epidemiology ; Tertiary Care Centers
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-04-14
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Letter ; Comment
    ZDB-ID 1328503-8
    ISSN 1526-2359 ; 1073-2748
    ISSN (online) 1526-2359
    ISSN 1073-2748
    DOI 10.1177/10732748211062356
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  6. Article ; Online: The impact of childhood maltreatment on women's reproductive health, with a focus on symptoms of polycystic ovary syndrome.

    Pringle, Deirdre / Suliman, Sharain / Seedat, Soraya / van den Heuvel, Leigh Luella

    Child abuse & neglect

    2022  Volume 133, Page(s) 105831

    Abstract: Background: Childhood maltreatment leads to lifelong health risks, particularly in women. Although reproductive health has been linked to such maltreatment, limited literature exists on its association with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS).: ... ...

    Abstract Background: Childhood maltreatment leads to lifelong health risks, particularly in women. Although reproductive health has been linked to such maltreatment, limited literature exists on its association with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS).
    Objectives: In a sample of psychiatrically healthy women, we evaluated the impact of child maltreatment (subtypes of abuse and neglect) on women's reproductive health outcomes, specifically PCOS.
    Participants and setting: The 237 psychiatrically healthy women, aged between 18 and 79 years, were control participants in a case-control study (SHARED ROOTS), conducted in Cape Town, South Africa, between May 2014 and June 2017.
    Methods: Probable PCOS was based on a history of symptoms of ovulatory dysfunction and hyperandrogenism or a diagnosis of PCOS. We conducted hierarchical logistic regression models to assess which child maltreatment subtypes (emotional, physical and sexual abuse and emotional and physical neglect) were significantly associated with PCOS, controlling for sociodemographic and clinical factors.
    Results: Probable PCOS was present in 29 (12.2 %) women. Emotional abuse (31.6 %) was the most frequent type of child maltreatment and was significantly associated with PCOS (OR = 5.11, CI 1.87; 13.98), including when other maltreatment types were accounted for (OR = 3.90, CI 1.27; 12.02). Physical abuse was associated with PCOS (OR = 4.21, CI 1.43; 12.38), but was not significant when other maltreatment types were factored in.
    Conclusions: Child maltreatment is independently associated with PCOS in women without psychiatric disorders. In the context of all maltreatment subtypes, emotional abuse remained associated with PCOS, suggesting its unique effect on this endocrinopathy.
    MeSH term(s) Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Case-Control Studies ; Child ; Child Abuse/psychology ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Polycystic Ovary Syndrome/diagnosis ; Polycystic Ovary Syndrome/epidemiology ; Reproductive Health ; South Africa/epidemiology ; Young Adult
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-08-17
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 799143-5
    ISSN 1873-7757 ; 0145-2134
    ISSN (online) 1873-7757
    ISSN 0145-2134
    DOI 10.1016/j.chiabu.2022.105831
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  7. Article ; Online: Rates of and factors associated with atopy and allergies in posttraumatic stress disorder as compared to controls.

    Ryklief, Zulfa / Suliman, Sharain / Hemmings, Sian M J / van den Heuvel, Leigh L / Seedat, Soraya

    Journal of psychosomatic research

    2022  Volume 158, Page(s) 110938

    Abstract: Objective: Several studies suggest a relationship between atopy and psychiatric disorders, but few have investigated the association between atopic conditions and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). We sought to compare the rates of atopy and ... ...

    Abstract Objective: Several studies suggest a relationship between atopy and psychiatric disorders, but few have investigated the association between atopic conditions and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). We sought to compare the rates of atopy and allergies in a South African case-control study of 220 patients with PTSD (mean age 41.7 years, SD = 11.7) and 196 trauma exposed controls (TEC, mean age 45.4 years, SD = 14.7) conducted in Cape Town, South Africa from May 2014 to June 2017.
    Methods: Self-reported atopic conditions and allergies were regressed on PTSD, as determined with the Clinician-Administered PTSD Scale for DSM-5 (CAPS-5), in multivariate logistic regression models, controlling for age, gender, body mass index, physical activity, lifetime and childhood trauma, and time since index trauma.
    Results: Rates of lifetime atopy (p = 0.03), current asthma (p = 0.04), lifetime allergic rhinitis (p = 0.002), and current allergic rhinitis (p = 0.004) were significantly higher in patients than TEC on bivariate analysis. On multivariate analysis, rates of current atopy (Cohen's d = 0.26, p = 0.04) and current allergic rhinitis (Cohen's d = 0.34, p = 0.012) were significantly higher in patients with PTSD than in TEC. Current eczema (p = 0.24), current asthma (p = 0.26), and allergies (p = 0.59) were not associated with PTSD.
    Conclusions: Rates of atopy are higher in participants with PTSD than TEC, and this effect is related to higher rates of allergic rhinitis. Further studies are needed to elucidate the pathways linking allergic rhinitis and PTSD.
    MeSH term(s) Adult ; Asthma ; Case-Control Studies ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; Rhinitis, Allergic/epidemiology ; South Africa/epidemiology ; Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic/epidemiology
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-05-11
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 80166-5
    ISSN 1879-1360 ; 0022-3999
    ISSN (online) 1879-1360
    ISSN 0022-3999
    DOI 10.1016/j.jpsychores.2022.110938
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  8. Article ; Online: Neuropsychological Test Norms for the Assessment of HIV-Associated Neurocognitive Impairment Among South African Adults.

    Deist, Melanie / Suliman, Sharain / Kidd, Martin / Franklin, Donald / Cherner, Mariana / Heaton, Robert K / Spies, Georgina / Seedat, Soraya

    AIDS and behavior

    2023  Volume 27, Issue 9, Page(s) 3080–3097

    Abstract: Reliable and valid neurocognitive (NC) test batteries that assess multiple domains of cognitive functioning are vital tools in the early detection of HIV-associated NC impairment. The HIV Neurobehavioral Research Center's International Neurobehavioral ... ...

    Abstract Reliable and valid neurocognitive (NC) test batteries that assess multiple domains of cognitive functioning are vital tools in the early detection of HIV-associated NC impairment. The HIV Neurobehavioral Research Center's International Neurobehavioral Battery (HNRC Battery) is one such diagnostic tool and has shown cultural validity in several international neuroHIV studies. However, no published norms are currently available for the full HNRC Battery in South Africa. To accurately interpret NC test results, appropriate reference norms are required. In light of this challenge, data were collected from 500 healthy, HIV-uninfected participants to develop demographically corrected South African norms. When demographically corrected United States of America (U.S.) norms were applied to the performance scores of our neurologically intact, HIV-negative sample, an impairment rate of 62.2% was observed compared to a 15.0% impairment rate when the newly generated South African norms were applied. These results reiterate the findings of other low- and middle-income countries, highlighting the need for localized, country-specific norms when interpreting NC performance.
    MeSH term(s) Adult ; Humans ; United States ; HIV Infections/complications ; HIV Infections/diagnosis ; HIV Infections/epidemiology ; South Africa/epidemiology ; Neuropsychological Tests ; Cognition ; Cognition Disorders/diagnosis ; Cognition Disorders/etiology ; Cognition Disorders/psychology
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-03-14
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1339885-4
    ISSN 1573-3254 ; 1090-7165
    ISSN (online) 1573-3254
    ISSN 1090-7165
    DOI 10.1007/s10461-023-04029-9
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  9. Article ; Online: COVID-19 Related Anxiety in Men With Localized Prostate Cancer at Tertiary Hospitals in Cape Town, South Africa

    Irusen, Hayley / Burger, Henriette / Fernandez, Pedro W / Esterhuizen, Tonya / Suliman, Sharain / Seedat, Soraya

    Cancer control : journal of the Moffitt Cancer Center

    2021  Volume 28, Page(s) 10732748211024239

    Abstract: Introduction: The health profile of older adults places them at risk of infirmity and death from COVID-19 which may induce anxiety or exacerbate pre-existing anxiety. We examined COVID-19 related anxiety in men undergoing treatment for prostate cancer ( ... ...

    Abstract Introduction: The health profile of older adults places them at risk of infirmity and death from COVID-19 which may induce anxiety or exacerbate pre-existing anxiety. We examined COVID-19 related anxiety in men undergoing treatment for prostate cancer (CaP).
    Method: This study was conducted between July and September 2020. Sixty participants from a larger prospective, longitudinal study assessing depression, anxiety and health related quality of life in men with localized prostate cancer (DAHCaP) were included. COVID-19 related anxiety was measured at a single time point using, the Corona Virus Anxiety Scale (CAS). In addition, the following, the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI-S), the Connor-Davidson Resilience (CD-RISC) scale and Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support (MSPSS) that form part of the DAHCaP study were used in the analysis. We extracted pre-pandemic data for the STAI-S.
    Results: Twenty-one percent had diabetes, 62.3% had hypertension and 24.6% had cardiac diseases, all known risk factors for severe COVID-19. Only 3% scored ≥9 on the CAS, indicating COVID 19 anxiety dysfunction. Half knew of family or friends that had contracted COVID-19 especially those scoring higher on the CAS (
    Conclusion: COVID-19 did not induce significant anxiety in men being treated for CaP nor did it place an additional psychological burden, nor was there any correlation with state anxiety, resilience or social support.
    MeSH term(s) Aged ; Anxiety/psychology ; COVID-19/psychology ; Depression/psychology ; Health Status ; Humans ; Longitudinal Studies ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Prospective Studies ; Prostatectomy ; Prostatic Neoplasms/psychology ; Prostatic Neoplasms/therapy ; Psychometrics ; Quality of Life/psychology ; Resilience, Psychological ; SARS-CoV-2 ; Social Support ; South Africa ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Tertiary Care Centers
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-07-07
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1328503-8
    ISSN 1526-2359 ; 1073-2748
    ISSN (online) 1526-2359
    ISSN 1073-2748
    DOI 10.1177/10732748211024239
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  10. Article ; Online: A clinician-monitored 'PTSD Coach' intervention: findings from two pilot feasibility and acceptability studies in a resource-constrained setting.

    Bröcker, Erine / Olff, Miranda / Suliman, Sharain / Kidd, Martin / Mqaisi, Busisiwe / Greyvenstein, L / Kilian, Sanja / Seedat, Soraya

    European journal of psychotraumatology

    2022  Volume 13, Issue 2, Page(s) 2107359

    Abstract: ... Background: ... The high prevalence of trauma exposure and consequent post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is well documented in low- and middle-income countries, and most individuals with PTSD have limited access to treatment in these settings. ... ...

    Abstract Background: The high prevalence of trauma exposure and consequent post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is well documented in low- and middle-income countries, and most individuals with PTSD have limited access to treatment in these settings. Freely available internet-based interventions, such as PTSD Coach (web-based and mobile application), can help to address this gap and improve access to and efficiency of care. Objective: We conducted two pilot studies to evaluate the feasibility, acceptability, and preliminary effectiveness of PTSD Coach in a South African resource-constrained context. Method: Pilot 1: Participants with PTSD (n = 10) were randomized to counsellor-supported PTSD Coach Online (PCO) or enhanced treatment as usual. Pilot 2: Participants (n = 10) were randomized to counsellor-supported PTSD Coach Mobile App or self-managed PTSD Coach Mobile App. Feasibility and acceptability were assessed by comparing attrition rates (loss to follow-up), reviewing participant and counsellor feedback contained in fieldnotes, and analysing data on the 'Perceived helpfulness of the PTSD Coach App' (Pilot 2). PTSD symptom severity was assessed with the Clinician Administered PTSD Scale for DSM-5 (CAPS-5), changes between treatment and control groups were compared, the reliable change index (RCI) was calculated, and clinically significant changes were determined. Results: Three participants in Pilot 1 and two participants in Pilot 2 were lost to follow-up. Fieldnotes indicated that PTSD Coach Mobile App addressed identified computer literacy challenges in Pilot 1 (PCO); and a shorter duration of intervention (from 8 to 4 weeks) was associated with less attrition. The RCI indicated that four participants in Pilot 1 and eight participants in Pilot 2 experienced significant improvement in PTSD symptom severity. Conclusions: The preliminary results suggest that both platforms can alleviate PTSD symptoms, and that the involvement of volunteer counsellors is beneficial. The use of PTSD Coach Mobile App may be more feasible than the online version (PCO) in our setting. HIGHLIGHTS Research on supported PTSD Coach interventions is limited in resource-constrained settings.Both volunteer counsellor-supported PTSD Coach Online and the PTSD Coach Mobile App showed preliminary reliable and clinically significant changes.The use of PTSD Coach Mobile App seems more feasible than the volunteer counsellor-supported PTSD Coach Online.
    MeSH term(s) Feasibility Studies ; Humans ; Mobile Applications ; Pilot Projects ; Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic/therapy
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-09-26
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Randomized Controlled Trial ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 2586642-4
    ISSN 2000-8066 ; 2000-8066
    ISSN (online) 2000-8066
    ISSN 2000-8066
    DOI 10.1080/20008066.2022.2107359
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