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Article ; Online: Impact of COVID 19 on Rhinology Practice

Ahmed Aseem Naseem / Sumit Sharma

Bengal Journal of Otolaryngology and Head Neck Surgery, Vol 30, Iss

The Way Forward

2022 Volume 1

Abstract: Introduction COVID-19 has been labelled as pandemic that has spread across many countries in 2020. Otorhinolaryngologists are considered high risk for contracting disease, as the virus resides in the nasal cavity,nasopharynx, and oropharynx. There is an ... ...

Abstract	Introduction COVID-19 has been labelled as pandemic that has spread across many countries in 2020. Otorhinolaryngologists are considered high risk for contracting disease, as the virus resides in the nasal cavity,nasopharynx, and oropharynx. There is an urgent need of safety measures regarding rhinologic practice that need to be clarified both for the current epidemic as well as for future expected “waves”. In this study significant decline was seen in patients viewed physically during pandemic. Nasal endoscopy also became rarer with maximum rhinologists preferring RTPCR before any procedure. Imaging was substituted for endoscopy frequently to adhere to safety protocols relating to OPD rhinologic procedures. We need to discuss these aspects of rhinology as well as practical concerns relating to telemedicine, as these issues take on increasing importance for Rhinologists both in the present and the future. Material and Methods A 27 question survey was designed to assess the present scenario of rhinology practise. The survey was electronically transmitted to rhinologists from 1st November 2020 and their responses were recorded. Result A total of 117 rhinologists responded to the survey. There was significant drop in the number of patients seen by each specialist in the Covid era. There was significant reduction in the number of diagnostic nasal endoscopies performed in clinic daily by the specialists. This study provides an overview of how the COVID-19 pandemic has affected Rhinologic practice. Conclusion Rhinologists need to develop standardized guidelines for their practise. These include protocols pertinent to safety, the substitution of imaging for endoscopy when appropriate, RTPCR test prior to rhinologic procedures, donning of proper PPE and liberal use of telemedicine.
Keywords	COVID-19 ; Rhinology ; Medicine ; R ; Otorhinolaryngology ; RF1-547
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-12-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	The Association of Otolaryngologists of India, West Bengal
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Life cycle greenhouse gas emissions for irrigated corn production in the U.S. great plains

Raana Koushki / Sumit Sharma / Jason Warren / Mary E. Foltz

Environmental Challenges, Vol 13, Iss , Pp 100750- (2023)

2023

Abstract: Agricultural management practices improve crop yields to satisfy food demand of the growing population. However, these activities can have negative consequences, including the release of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions that contribute to global climate ... ...

Abstract	Agricultural management practices improve crop yields to satisfy food demand of the growing population. However, these activities can have negative consequences, including the release of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions that contribute to global climate change. To mitigate this global environmental problem, the management practices that contribute the most to system GHG emissions should be identified and targeted to mitigate emissions. Accordingly, we estimated the cradle-to-product GHG emissions of irrigated corn production under various farmer-selected scenarios at an experimental testing field in the semi-arid U.S. Great Plains. We applied a carbon footprint approach to quantify life cycle GHG emissions associated with pre-field (e.g., energy production, fertilizer production) and in-field (e.g., groundwater pumping, fertilizer application) activities within fourteen scenarios in the 2020 Oklahoma Testing Ag Performance Solutions (TAPS) sprinkler corn competition. We determined that 63% of the total GHG emission from corn production was associated with in-field activities and that agricultural soil emissions were the overall driving factor. Soil biochemical processes within agricultural soils were expected to contribute an average of 89 ± 18 g CO2-eq kg−1 corn of the total 271 ± 46 g CO2-eq kg−1 corn estimated from these systems. On-site natural gas combustion for agricultural groundwater pumping, pre-field fertilizer production, and pre-field energy production for groundwater pumping were the next most influential parameters on total GHG emissions. Diesel fuel, seed, and herbicide production had insignificant contributions to total GHG emissions from corn production. The model was most sensitive to the modeled GHG emissions from agricultural soil, which had significant uncertainty in the emission factor. Therefore, future efforts should target field measurements to better predict the contribution of direct soil emissions to total GHG emissions, particularly under different managements. In addition, identifying ...
Keywords	Carbon footprint ; Corn ; Greenhouse gas emissions ; Groundwater pumping ; Irrigation ; Sustainable agriculture ; Environmental sciences ; GE1-350
Subject code	571
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-12-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Elsevier
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Response of Soybean Yield and Certain Growth Parameters to Simulated Reproductive Structure Removal

Sarah Kezar / Anna Ballagh / Vanaja Kankarla / Sumit Sharma / Raedan Sharry / Josh Lofton

Agronomy, Vol 13, Iss 927, p

2023 Volume 927

Abstract: Soybeans often encounter several in-season stressors that can alter retention of reproductive structures. To understand soybean response to structural losses through altered growth parameters—and, ultimately, yield—a field trial was established in Bixby, ...

Abstract	Soybeans often encounter several in-season stressors that can alter retention of reproductive structures. To understand soybean response to structural losses through altered growth parameters—and, ultimately, yield—a field trial was established in Bixby, Oklahoma, in 2019 and 2020 and Perkins, Oklahoma, in 2019. Removal of reproductive structures occurred at full flower (R2), the beginning of pod development (R3), and the beginning of seed development (R5) and at three locations on the plant (top third (T), middle third (M), whole (W)). The impact of flower removal on yield at the R2 and R3 stages did not significantly differ from that in non-treated soybean. Pod removal as late as R5 from the upper fruiting positions (T) had a lesser impact on overall yield, with R5:T showing a reduction in seed number of 860 seeds plant −1 , whereas R5:M was 1921 seeds plant −1 below the non-treated soybean. The middle portion of the mainstem was the location where the loss demonstrated was paramount at R5, as this region is a large sink and major contributor to yield. Late-season, stress-negating yield recovery, depending on the severity, may indicate that management practices should anticipate physiological limitations for stress, as well as the potential for relative yield recovery and yield improvement.
Keywords	soybean ; yield recovery ; stress ; pod removal ; Agriculture ; S
Subject code	333
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-03-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	MDPI AG
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Icariin ameliorates oxidative stress-induced inflammation, apoptosis, and heart failure in isoproterenol-challenged Wistar rats

Sumit Sharma / Ashif Iqubal / Vasim Khan / Kalicharan Sharma / Abul Najmi / Syed Haque

Iranian Journal of Basic Medical Sciences, Vol 26, Iss 5, Pp 517-

2023 Volume 525

Abstract: Objective(s): Cardiovascular diseases are widespread across the globe, and heart failure (HF) accounts for the majority of heart-associated deaths. Target-based drug therapy is much needed for the management of heart failure. We have designed this study ... ...

Abstract	Objective(s): Cardiovascular diseases are widespread across the globe, and heart failure (HF) accounts for the majority of heart-associated deaths. Target-based drug therapy is much needed for the management of heart failure. We have designed this study to evaluate icariin for its cardioprotective activity in the isoproterenol (ISO) induced postinfarction model. We have randomly distributed Wistar rats into seven groups, i.e., vehicle control; isoproterenol-treated; icariin per se; sildenafil per se; ISO + icariin 5; ISO + icariin 10; and ISO + sildenafil groups. ISO (85 mg/kg, subcutaneous) was administered at 24 hr for two consecutive days to produce cardiac injury, followed by icariin administration at 5 mg/kg and 10 mg/kg orally for 56 days.Materials and Methods: Rats were subjected to hemodynamic measurements biweekly. After 24 hr of the completion of dosing, animals were sacrificed, and markers for oxidative stress, fibrosis, inflammation, and cell death were measured. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM), histopathology, and MT staining of cardiac tissue were also done to assess the pathological and fibrotic architectural damage. Results: A significant decline in hemodynamics and an antioxidant collapse were found in ISO-intoxicated rats. Alterations in the levels of cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP), interleukin-10 (IL-10), Tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α), and brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) were also observed in serum. Up-regulation of caspase-3, nuclear factor (NF-ĸB), and decline in expression of nuclear factor (NrF-2) contribute to cardiac damage. The treatment with icariin and sildenafil considerably reversed the toxic changes toward normal.Conclusion: Increased cGMP and Nrf2 expression and suppressed NF-ĸB-caspase-3 signaling play a pivotal role in icariin-mediated cardioprotection.
Keywords	epimedium ; heart failure ; nf-kappab ; oxidative stress ; sildenafil ; Medicine ; R
Subject code	610
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-05-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Mashhad University of Medical Sciences
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Mechanical properties and thermal conductivity of pristine and functionalized carbon nanotube reinforced metallic glass composites

Sumit Sharma / S.K. Tiwari / Sagar Shakya

Defence Technology, Vol 17, Iss 1, Pp 234-

A molecular dynamics approach

2021 Volume 244

Abstract: This work uses the molecular dynamics approach to study the effects of functionalization of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) on the mechanical properties of Cu64Zr36 metallic glass (MG). Three types of functional groups, carboxylic, vinyl and ester were used. The ...

Abstract	This work uses the molecular dynamics approach to study the effects of functionalization of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) on the mechanical properties of Cu64Zr36 metallic glass (MG). Three types of functional groups, carboxylic, vinyl and ester were used. The effect of CNT volume fraction (Vf) and the number of functional groups attached to CNT, on the mechanical properties and thermal conductivity of CNT-MG composites was analysed using Biovia Materials Studio. At lower values of Vf (from 0 to 5%), the percentage increase in Young’s modulus was approximately 66%. As the value of Vf was increased further (from 5 to 12%), the rate of increase in Young’s modulus was reduced to 16%. The thermal conductivity was found to increase from 1.52 W/mK at Vf = 0% to 5.88 W/mK at Vf = 12%, thus giving an increase of approximately 286%. Functionalization of SWCNT reduced the thermal conductivity of the SWCNT-MG composites.
Keywords	Molecular dynamics ; Carbon nanotube ; Metallic glass ; Mechanical properties ; Thermal conductivity ; Military Science ; U
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-02-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	KeAi Communications Co., Ltd.
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Stakeholder participation in prioritizing sustainability issues at regional level using analytic hierarchy process (AHP) technique

Swati Kwatra / Archna Kumar / Sumit Sharma / Prateek Sharma

Environmental and Sustainability Indicators, Vol 11, Iss , Pp 100116- (2021)

A case study of Goa, India

2021

Abstract: This study involves stakeholders in prioritizing and ranking themes and sub-themes relevant to assess regional level sustainability. Three themes – social, economic and environment were identified as parent themes; to assess sustainability the key ... ...

Abstract	This study involves stakeholders in prioritizing and ranking themes and sub-themes relevant to assess regional level sustainability. Three themes – social, economic and environment were identified as parent themes; to assess sustainability the key stakeholders identified 18 sub-themes to assess these three themes in detail. The key stakeholder groups of elected representatives (panchayats), government, industry and non-governmental organizations (NGOs)/academia, have been involved to assign weights to the themes and the sub-themes of the SDI, keeping the regional priorities in mind. Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP), a decision-making technique has been used to prioritize and rank the various themes and sub-themes. Goa, one of the states of India, which has performed well on national level SDI developed as part of the earlier study (Kwatra et al., 2016), was taken as the case study to assess sustainability issues at regional level. It was found that all the stakeholder groups gave nearly equal importance to the three themes of sustainability – environment (38%), social (32%) and economic (30%), environmental theme was apparently given slightly higher weights. Among the sub-themes, livelihood received highest weight (11%), followed by waste management (8%), and environmental budget (8%). Issues like waste management, unemployment, forests and biodiversity, governance which are of local importance were given higher weights by the local stakeholders over the national level priority issues like climate change, air pollution, health and literacy etc. The study proposes and tests a methodology which can be applied at a regional scale to assess and prioritize key sustainability issues so that policy makers can take informed decisions.
Keywords	Sustainable development ; Regional sustainable development index ; Analytic hierarchy process ; India ; Stakeholder participation ; Weighing indicators ; Environmental sciences ; GE1-350
Subject code	910
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-09-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Elsevier
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Low Lymphocyte-to-Monocyte Ratio Is the Potential Indicator of Worse Overall Survival in Patients with Renal Cell Carcinoma and Venous Tumor Thrombus

Łukasz Zapała / Michał Kunc / Sumit Sharma / Wojciech Biernat / Piotr Radziszewski

Diagnostics, Vol 11, Iss 2159, p

2021 Volume 2159

Abstract: The purpose of the study was to determine the influence of lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio (LMR), platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), and neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) values on the prognosis in patients with renal cell carcinoma (RCC) and venous ... ...

Abstract	The purpose of the study was to determine the influence of lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio (LMR), platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), and neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) values on the prognosis in patients with renal cell carcinoma (RCC) and venous tumor thrombus. The respective data of 91 patients treated with radical surgery in the years 2012–2021 in 2 tertiary referral urological centers were retrieved from local medical databases. Mean calculated 3-year overall survival (OS) reached 70% (mean follow-up 35.3 months). The association between lower LMR and the presence of tumor necrosis ( p = 0.0004) was observed. Amongst systemic inflammatory markers, only LMR was selected as the sensitive marker predicting death with a calculated cut-off value of 2.53. OS was decreased in patients presenting with low LMR when compared to the high LMR group (39% vs. 82%, p = 0.0011). Neither NLR nor PLR were associated with survival rates. In multivariate analysis, LMR was identified as the independent prognostic factor (HR = 0.20, 95% CI 0.07–0.55, p = 0.001). Low values of LMR (<2.53) are independently connected with poorer OS in patients with RCC and coexisting tumor thrombus. The incorporation of the hematological variables into the prognostic model greatly increased its accuracy in predicting survival in the distinctive subpopulation of patients with RCC.
Keywords	renal tumor ; tumor thrombus ; radical nephrectomy ; prognostic factors ; Medicine (General) ; R5-920
Subject code	616
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-11-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	MDPI AG
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Intensification of a Neutralization Process for Waste Generated from Ion Exchange Regeneration for Expansion of a Chemical Manufacturing Facility

Deepak Sharma / Avinashkumar V. Karre / Kalliat T. Valsaraj / Sumit Sharma

Processes, Vol 9, Iss 1285, p

2021 Volume 1285

Abstract: Waste generated during regeneration of Ion Exchanger (IX), used for deionizing water, needs to be neutralized before it can be discharged back to a clean water source. An efficient and novel process is disclosed that minimizes the neutralization volume ... ...

Abstract	Waste generated during regeneration of Ion Exchanger (IX), used for deionizing water, needs to be neutralized before it can be discharged back to a clean water source. An efficient and novel process is disclosed that minimizes the neutralization volume and chemicals required for pH adjustment. The currently employed neutralization setups in the industry are environmentally unsustainable. Various neutralization setups were studied for treating waste generated from IX regeneration. From the collected plant data, the treatment requirements of waste streams generated during regeneration of IX beds were analyzed. An efficient neutralization setup was developed to lower the operating and capital costs by eliminating the need of some equipment and by lowering the neutralization volume. The new process results in considerable savings compared to currently used processes in the industry and is environmentally benign. The improved neutralization setup proposed in this work has achieved a 63% reduction in volume of IX regeneration waste stream; a 62% reduction in the capital cost; 23% reduction in chemical usage; and a 55% reduction in operating cost. The achieved improvements are quite significant, which are bound to immensely benefit the chemical industries that require demineralized water for their operation.
Keywords	neutralization ; ion exchange ; regeneration ; debottlenecking ; utilities ; Chemical technology ; TP1-1185 ; Chemistry ; QD1-999
Subject code	690
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-07-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	MDPI AG
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Effect of Disease State on the Pharmacokinetics of Bedaquiline in Renal-Impaired and Diabetic Rats

Abhishek Gour / Ashish Dogra / Sumit Sharma / Priya Wazir / Utpal Nandi

ACS Omega, Vol 6, Iss 10, Pp 6934-

2021 Volume 6941

Keywords	Chemistry ; QD1-999
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-03-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	American Chemical Society
Document type	Article ; Online
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Article ; Online: Functionalized Nitroimidazole Scaffold Construction and Their Pharmaceutical Applications

Ria Gupta / Sumit Sharma / Rohit Singh / Ram A. Vishwakarma / Serge Mignani / Parvinder Pal Singh

Pharmaceuticals, Vol 15, Iss 561, p

A 1950–2021 Comprehensive Overview

2022 Volume 561

Abstract: Nitroimidazole represents one of the most essential and unique scaffolds in drug discovery since its discovery in the 1950s. It was K. Maeda in Japan who reported in 1953 the first nitroimidazole as a natural product from Nocardia mesenterica with ... ...

Abstract	Nitroimidazole represents one of the most essential and unique scaffolds in drug discovery since its discovery in the 1950s. It was K. Maeda in Japan who reported in 1953 the first nitroimidazole as a natural product from Nocardia mesenterica with antibacterial activity, which was later identified as Azomycin 1 (2-nitroimidazole) and remained in focus until now. This natural antibiotic was the starting point for synthesizing numerous analogs and regio-isomers, leading to several life-saving drugs and clinical candidates against a number of diseases, including infections (bacterial, viral, parasitic) and cancers, as well as imaging agents in medicine/diagnosis. In the present decade, the nitroimidazole scaffold has again been given two life-saving drugs (Delamanid and Pretomanid) used to treat MDR (multi-drug resistant) tuberculosis. Keeping in view the highly successful track-record of the nitroimidazole scaffold in providing breakthrough therapeutic drugs, this comprehensive review focuses explicitly on presenting the activity profile and synthetic chemistry of functionalized nitroimidazole (2-, 4- and 5-nitroimidazoles as well as the fused nitroimidazoles) based drugs and leads published from 1950 to 2021. The present review also presents the miscellaneous examples in each class. In addition, the mutagenic profile of nitroimidazole-based drugs and leads and derivatives is also discussed.
Keywords	nitroimidazole ; synthesis ; antibiotic ; clinical use ; Medicine ; R ; Pharmacy and materia medica ; RS1-441
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-04-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	MDPI AG
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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