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  1. Article ; Online: Nirmatrelvir Use during the Omicron Surge.

    Swets, Maaike C / de Boer, Mark G J / Groeneveld, Geert H

    The New England journal of medicine

    2022  Volume 387, Issue 26, Page(s) 2479

    MeSH term(s) Humans ; COVID-19
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-12-27
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Letter ; Comment
    ZDB-ID 207154-x
    ISSN 1533-4406 ; 0028-4793
    ISSN (online) 1533-4406
    ISSN 0028-4793
    DOI 10.1056/NEJMc2213868
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    In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

    Ua VI Zs.34: Show issues Location:
    Je nach Verfügbarkeit (siehe Angabe bei Bestand)
    bis Jg. 2021: Bestellungen von Artikeln über das Online-Bestellformular
    ab Jg. 2022: Lesesaal (EG)

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  2. Article ; Online: Influenza Season and Outcome After Elective Cardiac Surgery: An Observational Cohort Study.

    Swets, Maaike C / Termorshuizen, Fabian / de Keizer, Nicolette F / van Paassen, Judith / Palmen, Meindert / Visser, Leonardus G / Arbous, M Sesmu / Groeneveld, Geert H

    The Annals of thoracic surgery

    2023  Volume 116, Issue 6, Page(s) 1161–1167

    Abstract: Background: An asymptomatic respiratory viral infection during cardiac surgery could lead to pulmonary complications and increased mortality. For elective surgery, testing for respiratory viral infection before surgery or vaccination could reduce the ... ...

    Abstract Background: An asymptomatic respiratory viral infection during cardiac surgery could lead to pulmonary complications and increased mortality. For elective surgery, testing for respiratory viral infection before surgery or vaccination could reduce the number of these pulmonary complications. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between influenzalike illness (ILI) seasons and prolonged mechanical ventilation and inhospital mortality in a Dutch cohort of adult elective cardiac surgery patients.
    Methods: Cardiac surgery patients who were admitted to the intensive care unit between January 1, 2014, and February 1, 2020, were included. The primary endpoint was the duration of invasive mechanical ventilation in the ILI season compared with baseline season. Secondary endpoints were the median Pao
    Results: A total of 42,277 patients underwent cardiac surgery, 12,994 (30.7%) in the ILI season, 15,843 (37.5%) in the intermediate season, and 13,440 (31.8%) in the baseline season. No hazard rates indicative of a longer duration of invasive mechanical ventilation during the ILI season were found. No differences were found for the median Pao
    Conclusions: Patients undergoing cardiac surgery during the ILI season were at increased risk of inhospital mortality compared with patients in the baseline season. No evidence was found that this difference is caused by direct postoperative pulmonary complications.
    MeSH term(s) Adult ; Humans ; Influenza, Human/epidemiology ; Seasons ; Cohort Studies ; Virus Diseases ; Cardiac Surgical Procedures/adverse effects ; Oxygen
    Chemical Substances Oxygen (S88TT14065)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-02-18
    Publishing country Netherlands
    Document type Observational Study ; Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 211007-6
    ISSN 1552-6259 ; 0003-4975
    ISSN (online) 1552-6259
    ISSN 0003-4975
    DOI 10.1016/j.athoracsur.2023.01.041
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    In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

    Zs.A 252: Show issues Location:
    Je nach Verfügbarkeit (siehe Angabe bei Bestand)
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    Jg. 1995 - 2021: Lesesall (1.OG)
    ab Jg. 2022: Lesesaal (EG)

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  3. Article ; Online: A comparison of the effectiveness of different doses of tocilizumab and sarilumab in the treatment of severe COVID-19: a natural experiment due to drug shortages.

    Swets, Maaike C / Moss, Rob J / Kor, Flip / Hilarius, Doranne / Moes, Dirk Jan A R / Berkhout, Willemijn Em / van den Toorn, Leon M / van den Oever, Niels C Gritters / de Valk, Renee / Rosendaal, Frits R / Hunfeld, Nicole / Groeneveld, Geert H / de Boer, Mark G J

    International journal of infectious diseases : IJID : official publication of the International Society for Infectious Diseases

    2023  Volume 129, Page(s) 57–62

    Abstract: Objectives: Interleukin (IL)-6 inhibitors are administered to treat patients hospitalized with COVID-19. In 2021, due to shortages, different dosing regimens of tocilizumab, and a switch to sarilumab, were consecutively implemented. Using real-world ... ...

    Abstract Objectives: Interleukin (IL)-6 inhibitors are administered to treat patients hospitalized with COVID-19. In 2021, due to shortages, different dosing regimens of tocilizumab, and a switch to sarilumab, were consecutively implemented. Using real-world data, we compare the effectiveness of these IL-6 inhibitors.
    Methods: Hospitalized patients with COVID-19, treated with IL-6 inhibitors, were included in this natural experiment study. Sixty-day survival, hospital- and intensive care unit (ICU) length of stay, and progression to ICU or death were compared between 8 mg/kg tocilizumab, fixed-dose tocilizumab, low-dose tocilizumab, and fixed-dose sarilumab treatment groups.
    Results: A total of 5485 patients from 49 hospitals were included. After correction for confounding, increased hazard ratios (HRs) for 60-day mortality were observed for fixed-dose tocilizumab (HR 1.20, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.04-1.39), low-dose tocilizumab (HR 1.12, 95% CI 0.97-1.31), and sarilumab (HR 1.24, 95% CI 1.08-1.42), all relative to 8 mg/kg. The 8 mg/kg dosing regimen had lower odds of progression to ICU or death. Both hospital- and ICU length of stay were shorter for low-dose tocilizumab than for the 8 mg/kg group.
    Conclusion: We found differences in the probability of 60-day survival and the incidence of the combined outcome of mortality or ICU admission, mostly favoring 8 mg/kg tocilizumab. Because of potential time-associated residual confounding, further clinical studies are warranted.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; COVID-19 ; SARS-CoV-2 ; Treatment Outcome ; COVID-19 Drug Treatment
    Chemical Substances tocilizumab (I031V2H011) ; sarilumab (NU90V55F8I)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-02-02
    Publishing country Canada
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1331197-9
    ISSN 1878-3511 ; 1201-9712
    ISSN (online) 1878-3511
    ISSN 1201-9712
    DOI 10.1016/j.ijid.2023.01.041
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    In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

    Zs.A 4516: Show issues Location:
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    bis Jg. 1994: Bestellungen von Artikeln über das Online-Bestellformular
    Jg. 1995 - 2021: Lesesall (2.OG)
    ab Jg. 2022: Lesesaal (EG)

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  4. Article ; Online: SARS-CoV-2 co-infection with influenza viruses, respiratory syncytial virus, or adenoviruses.

    Swets, Maaike C / Russell, Clark D / Harrison, Ewen M / Docherty, Annemarie B / Lone, Nazir / Girvan, Michelle / Hardwick, Hayley E / Visser, Leonardus G / Openshaw, Peter J M / Groeneveld, Geert H / Semple, Malcolm G / Baillie, J Kenneth

    Lancet (London, England)

    2022  Volume 399, Issue 10334, Page(s) 1463–1464

    MeSH term(s) Adenoviridae ; COVID-19 ; Coinfection ; Humans ; Influenza, Human/complications ; Respiratory Syncytial Virus, Human ; SARS-CoV-2
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-03-25
    Publishing country England
    Document type Letter
    ZDB-ID 3306-6
    ISSN 1474-547X ; 0023-7507 ; 0140-6736
    ISSN (online) 1474-547X
    ISSN 0023-7507 ; 0140-6736
    DOI 10.1016/S0140-6736(22)00383-X
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    In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

    Ua VI Zs.5: Show issues Location:
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    ab Jg. 2022: Lesesaal (EG)
    Zs.MG 94: Show issues

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  5. Article ; Online: Evaluation of pragmatic oxygenation measurement as a proxy for Covid-19 severity.

    Swets, Maaike C / Kerr, Steven / Scott-Brown, James / Brown, Adam B / Gupta, Rishi / Millar, Jonathan E / Spata, Enti / McCurrach, Fiona / Bretherick, Andrew D / Docherty, Annemarie / Harrison, David / Rowan, Kathy / Young, Neil / Groeneveld, Geert H / Dunning, Jake / Nguyen-Van-Tam, Jonathan S / Openshaw, Peter / Horby, Peter W / Harrison, Ewen /
    Staplin, Natalie / Semple, Malcolm G / Lone, Nazir / Baillie, J Kenneth

    Nature communications

    2023  Volume 14, Issue 1, Page(s) 7374

    Abstract: Choosing optimal outcome measures maximizes statistical power, accelerates discovery and improves reliability in early-phase trials. We devised and evaluated a modification to a pragmatic measure of oxygenation function, the [Formula: see text] ratio. ... ...

    Abstract Choosing optimal outcome measures maximizes statistical power, accelerates discovery and improves reliability in early-phase trials. We devised and evaluated a modification to a pragmatic measure of oxygenation function, the [Formula: see text] ratio. Because of the ceiling effect in oxyhaemoglobin saturation, [Formula: see text] ratio ceases to reflect pulmonary oxygenation function at high [Formula: see text] values. We found that the correlation of [Formula: see text] with the reference standard ([Formula: see text]/[Formula: see text] ratio) improves substantially when excluding [Formula: see text] and refer to this measure as [Formula: see text]. Using observational data from 39,765 hospitalised COVID-19 patients, we demonstrate that [Formula: see text] is predictive of mortality, and compare the sample sizes required for trials using four different outcome measures. We show that a significant difference in outcome could be detected with the smallest sample size using [Formula: see text]. We demonstrate that [Formula: see text] is an effective intermediate outcome measure in COVID-19. It is a non-invasive measurement, representative of disease severity and provides greater statistical power.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Reproducibility of Results ; COVID-19/diagnosis ; Lung ; Sample Size
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-11-15
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 2553671-0
    ISSN 2041-1723 ; 2041-1723
    ISSN (online) 2041-1723
    ISSN 2041-1723
    DOI 10.1038/s41467-023-42205-6
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  6. Article ; Online: Dynamic data-driven meta-analysis for prioritisation of host genes implicated in COVID-19.

    Parkinson, Nicholas / Rodgers, Natasha / Head Fourman, Max / Wang, Bo / Zechner, Marie / Swets, Maaike C / Millar, Jonathan E / Law, Andy / Russell, Clark D / Baillie, J Kenneth / Clohisey, Sara

    Scientific reports

    2020  Volume 10, Issue 1, Page(s) 22303

    Abstract: The increasing body of literature describing the role of host factors in COVID-19 pathogenesis demonstrates the need to combine diverse, multi-omic data to evaluate and substantiate the most robust evidence and inform development of therapies. Here we ... ...

    Abstract The increasing body of literature describing the role of host factors in COVID-19 pathogenesis demonstrates the need to combine diverse, multi-omic data to evaluate and substantiate the most robust evidence and inform development of therapies. Here we present a dynamic ranking of host genes implicated in human betacoronavirus infection (SARS-CoV-2, SARS-CoV, MERS-CoV, seasonal coronaviruses). We conducted an extensive systematic review of experiments identifying potential host factors. Gene lists from diverse sources were integrated using Meta-Analysis by Information Content (MAIC). This previously described algorithm uses data-driven gene list weightings to produce a comprehensive ranked list of implicated host genes. From 32 datasets, the top ranked gene was PPIA, encoding cyclophilin A, a druggable target using cyclosporine. Other highly-ranked genes included proposed prognostic factors (CXCL10, CD4, CD3E) and investigational therapeutic targets (IL1A) for COVID-19. Gene rankings also inform the interpretation of COVID-19 GWAS results, implicating FYCO1 over other nearby genes in a disease-associated locus on chromosome 3. Researchers can search and review the gene rankings and the contribution of different experimental methods to gene rank at https://baillielab.net/maic/covid19 . As new data are published we will regularly update the list of genes as a resource to inform and prioritise future studies.
    MeSH term(s) Algorithms ; CD3 Complex/genetics ; CD4 Antigens/genetics ; COVID-19/epidemiology ; COVID-19/genetics ; Chemokine CXCL10/genetics ; Computational Biology ; Cyclophilin A/genetics ; Cyclosporine/pharmacology ; Databases, Genetic ; Genome-Wide Association Study ; Genomics ; Humans ; Immune System ; Immunogenetics ; Inflammation ; Interleukin-1alpha/genetics ; Microtubule-Associated Proteins/genetics ; Proteomics
    Chemical Substances CD3 Complex ; CD3E protein, human ; CD4 Antigens ; CXCL10 protein, human ; Chemokine CXCL10 ; FYCO1 protein, human ; IL1A protein, human ; Interleukin-1alpha ; Microtubule-Associated Proteins ; Cyclosporine (83HN0GTJ6D) ; Cyclophilin A (EC 5.2.1.-)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-12-18
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Meta-Analysis ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Systematic Review
    ZDB-ID 2615211-3
    ISSN 2045-2322 ; 2045-2322
    ISSN (online) 2045-2322
    ISSN 2045-2322
    DOI 10.1038/s41598-020-79033-3
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  7. Article ; Online: Evaluation of S/F94 as a proxy for COVID-19 severity

    Swets, Maaike C / Kerr, Steven / Scott-Brown, James / Brown, Adam B / Gupta, Rishi K / Millar, Jonathan E / Spata, Enti / McCurrach, Fiona / Bretherick, Andrew D / Docherty, Annemarie B / Harrison, David / Rowan, Kathy / Young, Neil / ISARIC4C / Groeneveld, Geert H / Dunning, Jake / Nguyen-Van-Tam, Jonathan S / Openshaw, Peter JM / Horby, Peter W /
    Harrison, Ewen M / Staplin, Natalie / Semple, Malcolm G / Lone, Nazir / Baillie, J Kenneth

    medRxiv

    Abstract: Optimising statistical power in early-stage trials and observational studies accelerates discovery and improves the reliability of results. Ideally, intermediate outcomes should be continuously distributed and lie on the causal pathway between an ... ...

    Abstract Optimising statistical power in early-stage trials and observational studies accelerates discovery and improves the reliability of results. Ideally, intermediate outcomes should be continuously distributed and lie on the causal pathway between an intervention and a definitive outcome such as mortality. In order to optimise power for an intermediate outcome in the RECOVERY trial, we devised and evaluated a modification to a simple, pragmatic measure of oxygenation function - the SaO2/FIO2 (S/F) ratio. We demonstrate that, because of the ceiling effect in oxyhaemoglobin saturation, S/F ceases to reflect pulmonary oxygenation function at high values of SaO2. Using synthetic and real data, we found that the correlation of S/F with a gold standard (PaO2/FIO2, P/F ratio) improved substantially when measurements with SaO2 > 0.94 are excluded(Spearman r, synthetic data: S/F: 0.31; S/F94: 0.85). We refer to this measure as S/F94. In order to test the underlying assumptions and validity of S/F94 as a predictor of a definitive outcome (mortality), we collected an observational dataset including over 39,000 hospitalised patients with COVID-19 in the ISARIC4C study. We first demonstrated that S/F94 is predictive of mortality in COVID-19. We then compared the sample sizes required for trials using different outcome measures (S/F94, the WHO ordinal scale, sustained improvement at day 28 and mortality at day 28) ensuring comparable effect sizes. The smallest sample size was needed when S/F94 on day 5 was used as an outcome measure. To facilitate future study design, we provide an online user interface to quantify realworld power for a range of outcomes and inclusion criteria, using a synthetic dataset retaining the population-level clinical associations in real data accrued in ISARIC4C https://isaric4c.net/endpoints. We demonstrated that S/F94 is superior to S/F as a measure of pulmonary oxygenation function and is an effective intermediate outcome measure in COVID-19. It is a simple and non-invasive measurement, representative of disease severity and provides greater statistical power to detect treatment differences than other intermediate endpoints.
    Keywords covid19
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-09-27
    Publisher Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press
    Document type Article ; Online
    DOI 10.1101/2022.09.25.22280081
    Database COVID19

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