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  1. AU="Szalat, Raphael E"
  2. AU="Domínguez Castellano, Ángel"

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  1. Article ; Online: Bone marrow stromal cells induce chromatin remodeling in multiple myeloma cells leading to transcriptional changes.

    Binder, Moritz / Szalat, Raphael E / Talluri, Srikanth / Fulciniti, Mariateresa / Avet-Loiseau, Hervé / Parmigiani, Giovanni / Samur, Mehmet K / Munshi, Nikhil C

    Nature communications

    2024  Volume 15, Issue 1, Page(s) 4139

    Abstract: The natural history of multiple myeloma is characterized by its localization to the bone marrow and its interaction with bone marrow stromal cells. The bone marrow stromal cells provide growth and survival signals, thereby promoting the development of ... ...

    Abstract The natural history of multiple myeloma is characterized by its localization to the bone marrow and its interaction with bone marrow stromal cells. The bone marrow stromal cells provide growth and survival signals, thereby promoting the development of drug resistance. Here, we show that the interaction between bone marrow stromal cells and myeloma cells (using human cell lines) induces chromatin remodeling of cis-regulatory elements and is associated with changes in the expression of genes involved in the cell migration and cytokine signaling. The expression of genes involved in these stromal interactions are observed in extramedullary disease in patients with myeloma and provides the rationale for survival of myeloma cells outside of the bone marrow microenvironment. Expression of these stromal interaction genes is also observed in a subset of patients with newly diagnosed myeloma and are akin to the transcriptional program of extramedullary disease. The presence of such adverse stromal interactions in newly diagnosed myeloma is associated with accelerated disease dissemination, predicts the early development of therapeutic resistance, and is of independent prognostic significance. These stromal cell induced transcriptomic and epigenomic changes both predict long-term outcomes and identify therapeutic targets in the tumor microenvironment for the development of novel therapeutic approaches.
    MeSH term(s) Multiple Myeloma/genetics ; Multiple Myeloma/pathology ; Multiple Myeloma/metabolism ; Humans ; Chromatin Assembly and Disassembly ; Tumor Microenvironment/genetics ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Mesenchymal Stem Cells/metabolism ; Mesenchymal Stem Cells/pathology ; Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic ; Transcription, Genetic ; Bone Marrow Cells/metabolism ; Cell Movement/genetics ; Stromal Cells/metabolism ; Stromal Cells/pathology ; Female ; Male
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-05-16
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2553671-0
    ISSN 2041-1723 ; 2041-1723
    ISSN (online) 2041-1723
    ISSN 2041-1723
    DOI 10.1038/s41467-024-47793-5
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article ; Online: Light chain amyloidosis associated with Waldenström macroglobulinemia: treatment and survival outcomes.

    Gustine, Joshua N / Szalat, Raphael E / Staron, Andrew / Joshi, Tracy / Mendelson, Lisa / Sloan, J Mark / Sanchorawala, Vaishali

    Haematologica

    2023  Volume 108, Issue 6, Page(s) 1680–1684

    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Waldenstrom Macroglobulinemia/complications ; Waldenstrom Macroglobulinemia/diagnosis ; Waldenstrom Macroglobulinemia/drug therapy ; Amyloidosis ; Immunoglobulin Light Chains
    Chemical Substances Immunoglobulin Light Chains
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-06-01
    Publishing country Italy
    Document type Letter
    ZDB-ID 2333-4
    ISSN 1592-8721 ; 0017-6567 ; 0390-6078
    ISSN (online) 1592-8721
    ISSN 0017-6567 ; 0390-6078
    DOI 10.3324/haematol.2022.282264
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article ; Online: Predictive factors of outcomes in patients with AL amyloidosis treated with daratumumab.

    Szalat, Raphael E / Gustine, Joshua / Sloan, J Mark / Edwards, Camille V / Sanchorawala, Vaishali

    American journal of hematology

    2021  Volume 97, Issue 1, Page(s) 79–89

    Abstract: Daratumumab as a single agent (sDARA) or in combination with chemotherapies (cDARA) leads to impressive hematologic and organ responses in AL amyloidosis. However, predictive factors associated with outcomes, and optimal duration of therapy remain ... ...

    Abstract Daratumumab as a single agent (sDARA) or in combination with chemotherapies (cDARA) leads to impressive hematologic and organ responses in AL amyloidosis. However, predictive factors associated with outcomes, and optimal duration of therapy remain unclear. We analyzed 107 patients with AL amyloidosis treated with daratumumab between 2017 and 2020. The median overall survival (OS) was not reached while the median major organ deterioration progression free survival (MOD-PFS) was 36 months in the sDARA cohort and not reached in the cDARA cohort, respectively. Hematologic response > VGPR was achieved in 81% of patients receiving sDARA and 86% of patients treated with cDARA. Several predictive factors were identified on a univariate analysis, including NTproBNP >8500 pg/mL but only achievement of at least VGPR and presence of 1q21 gain were independently associated with MOD-PFS and OS on a multivariate analysis. Finally, patients receiving > 12 cycles had significantly longer MOD-PFS (30 vs.13 months; (p = .0018) and OS (NR vs. 15 months; p < .0001). NTproBNP > 8500 pg/mL, presence of 1q21 gain and shorter duration of therapy (≤ 12 cycles) are strong negative predictive factors for outcomes with daratumumab therapy in AL amyloidosis.
    MeSH term(s) Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Antibodies, Monoclonal/therapeutic use ; Antineoplastic Agents, Immunological/therapeutic use ; Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols/therapeutic use ; Female ; Humans ; Immunoglobulin Light-chain Amyloidosis/diagnosis ; Immunoglobulin Light-chain Amyloidosis/drug therapy ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Prognosis ; Progression-Free Survival ; Prospective Studies ; Survival Analysis ; Treatment Outcome
    Chemical Substances Antibodies, Monoclonal ; Antineoplastic Agents, Immunological ; daratumumab (4Z63YK6E0E)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-11-15
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 196767-8
    ISSN 1096-8652 ; 0361-8609
    ISSN (online) 1096-8652
    ISSN 0361-8609
    DOI 10.1002/ajh.26399
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  4. Article ; Online: Genomic Instability in Multiple Myeloma.

    Alagpulinsa, David A / Szalat, Raphael E / Poznansky, Mark C / Shmookler Reis, Robert J

    Trends in cancer

    2020  Volume 6, Issue 10, Page(s) 858–873

    Abstract: Genomic instability (GIN), an increased tendency to acquire genomic alterations, is a cancer hallmark. However, its frequency, underlying causes, and disease relevance vary across different cancers. Multiple myeloma (MM), a plasma cell malignancy, ... ...

    Abstract Genomic instability (GIN), an increased tendency to acquire genomic alterations, is a cancer hallmark. However, its frequency, underlying causes, and disease relevance vary across different cancers. Multiple myeloma (MM), a plasma cell malignancy, evolves through premalignant phases characterized by genomic abnormalities. Next-generation sequencing (NGS) methods are deconstructing the genomic landscape of MM across the continuum of its development, inextricably linking malignant transformation and disease progression with increasing acquisition of genomic alterations, and illuminating the mechanisms that generate these alterations. Although GIN drives disease evolution, it also creates vulnerabilities such as dependencies on 'superfluous' repair mechanisms and the induction of tumor-specific antigens that can be targeted. We review the mechanisms of GIN in MM, the associated vulnerabilities, and therapeutic targeting strategies.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Genomic Instability ; Humans ; Multiple Myeloma/genetics ; Multiple Myeloma/therapy
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-05-30
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 2852626-0
    ISSN 2405-8025 ; 2405-8033 ; 2405-8033
    ISSN (online) 2405-8025 ; 2405-8033
    ISSN 2405-8033
    DOI 10.1016/j.trecan.2020.05.006
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  5. Article ; Online: Recent common human coronavirus infection protects against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection: A Veterans Affairs cohort study.

    Fillmore, Nathanael R / Szalat, Raphael E / La, Jennifer / Branch-Elliman, Westyn / Monach, Paul A / Nguyen, Vinh / Samur, Mehmet K / Brophy, Mary T / Do, Nhan V / Munshi, Nikhil C

    Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

    2022  Volume 119, Issue 46, Page(s) e2213783119

    MeSH term(s) Humans ; SARS-CoV-2 ; Cohort Studies ; Veterans ; COVID-19/prevention & control ; Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-11-07
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Letter ; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S. ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Comment
    ZDB-ID 209104-5
    ISSN 1091-6490 ; 0027-8424
    ISSN (online) 1091-6490
    ISSN 0027-8424
    DOI 10.1073/pnas.2213783119
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  6. Article ; Online: Lack of differential impact of del17p on survival in African Americans compared with White patients with multiple myeloma: a VA study.

    Fillmore, Nathanael R / Cirstea, Diana / Munjuluri, Anusha / Yameen, Hassan / Yellapragada, Sarvari V / Do, Nhan V / Brophy, Mary T / Szalat, Raphael E / Munshi, Nikhil C

    Blood advances

    2021  Volume 5, Issue 18, Page(s) 3511–3514

    Abstract: Multiple myeloma (MM) is a heterogeneous disease that has an increased incidence in African Americans (AAs). We previously observed that, with equal access to health care, younger AA patients (age < 65 years) have superior overall survival (OS) compared ... ...

    Abstract Multiple myeloma (MM) is a heterogeneous disease that has an increased incidence in African Americans (AAs). We previously observed that, with equal access to health care, younger AA patients (age < 65 years) have superior overall survival (OS) compared with younger White patients. Because MM prognosis is influenced by 17p deletion (del17p), we investigated racial differences in its occurrence and impact in a large cohort of MM patients from the Veterans Affairs (VA) system. Among 2243 VA patients with MM for whom del17p data were available, del17p was present in 8.83% of all patients, with a significantly lower prevalence in AAs (5.56%) compared with Whites (10.52%; P < .001). The difference was even more pronounced among younger AAs (<65 years) vs younger Whites (4.34% vs 9.8%, respectively; P = .004). However, we did not observe any significant difference in survival between AA and White patients with del17p, regardless of age category, suggesting that del17p carries a poor prognosis across race and age. Interestingly, among patients without del17p, we still noted a significantly superior OS in younger AAs compared with younger Whites (7.75 vs 5.10 years; P = .042). Our study shows a lower incidence of del17p in AAs but suggests that the survival advantage for younger AAs is primarily due to factors other than del17p.
    MeSH term(s) African Americans ; Aged ; Cohort Studies ; Humans ; Multiple Myeloma/genetics ; Prognosis ; Whites
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-08-24
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.
    ZDB-ID 2915908-8
    ISSN 2473-9537 ; 2473-9529
    ISSN (online) 2473-9537
    ISSN 2473-9529
    DOI 10.1182/bloodadvances.2020004001
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  7. Article ; Online: Predictors of hematologic response and survival with stem cell transplantation in AL amyloidosis: A 25-year longitudinal study.

    Gustine, Joshua N / Staron, Andrew / Szalat, Raphael E / Mendelson, Lisa M / Joshi, Tracy / Ruberg, Frederick L / Siddiqi, Omar / Gopal, Deepa M / Edwards, Camille V / Havasi, Andrea / Kaku, Michelle / Lau, K H Vincent / Berk, John L / Sloan, J Mark / Sanchorawala, Vaishali

    American journal of hematology

    2022  Volume 97, Issue 9, Page(s) 1189–1199

    Abstract: High-dose melphalan and stem cell transplantation (HDM/SCT) is an effective treatment for selected patients with AL amyloidosis. We report the long-term outcomes of 648 patients with AL amyloidosis treated with HDM/SCT over 25 years. Hematologic CR was ... ...

    Abstract High-dose melphalan and stem cell transplantation (HDM/SCT) is an effective treatment for selected patients with AL amyloidosis. We report the long-term outcomes of 648 patients with AL amyloidosis treated with HDM/SCT over 25 years. Hematologic CR was achieved by 39% of patients. The median duration of hematologic CR was 12.3 years, and 45% of patients with a hematologic CR had no evidence of a recurrent plasma cell dyscrasia at 15 years after HDM/SCT. With a median follow-up interval of 8 years, the median event-free survival (EFS) and overall survival (OS) were 3.3 and 7.6 years, respectively. Patients with a hematologic CR had a median OS of 15 years, and 30% of these patients survived >20 years. On multivariable analysis, dFLC >180 mg/L and BM plasma cells >10% were independently associated with shorter EFS, whereas BNP >81 pg/mL, troponin I > 0.1 ng/mL, and serum creatinine >2.0 mg/dL were independently associated with shorter OS. We developed a prognostic score for EFS, which incorporated dFLC >180 mg/L and BMPC% >10% as adverse risk factors. Patients with low-risk (0 factors), intermediate-risk (1 factor), and high-risk (2 factors) disease had median EFS estimates of 5.3, 2.8, and 1.0 years, respectively (p < .001). The 100-day treatment-related mortality rate was 3% in the latest treatment period (2012-2021), and the 25-year risk of t-MDS/AML was 3%. We conclude that HDM/SCT induces durable hematologic responses and prolonged survival with improved safety in selected patients with AL amyloidosis.
    MeSH term(s) Amyloidosis/complications ; Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation/adverse effects ; Humans ; Immunoglobulin Light-chain Amyloidosis ; Longitudinal Studies ; Melphalan/therapeutic use ; Stem Cell Transplantation ; Transplantation, Autologous ; Treatment Outcome
    Chemical Substances Melphalan (Q41OR9510P)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-07-05
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 196767-8
    ISSN 1096-8652 ; 0361-8609
    ISSN (online) 1096-8652
    ISSN 0361-8609
    DOI 10.1002/ajh.26641
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  8. Article ; Online: Prevalence and Outcome of COVID-19 Infection in Cancer Patients: A National Veterans Affairs Study.

    Fillmore, Nathanael R / La, Jennifer / Szalat, Raphael E / Tuck, David P / Nguyen, Vinh / Yildirim, Cenk / Do, Nhan V / Brophy, Mary T / Munshi, Nikhil C

    Journal of the National Cancer Institute

    2020  Volume 113, Issue 6, Page(s) 691–698

    Abstract: Background: Emerging data suggest variability in susceptibility and outcome to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection. Identifying risk factors associated with infection and outcomes in cancer patients is necessary to develop healthcare ... ...

    Abstract Background: Emerging data suggest variability in susceptibility and outcome to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection. Identifying risk factors associated with infection and outcomes in cancer patients is necessary to develop healthcare recommendations.
    Methods: We analyzed electronic health records of the US Veterans Affairs Healthcare System and assessed the prevalence of COVID-19 infection in cancer patients. We evaluated the proportion of cancer patients tested for COVID-19 who were positive, as well as outcome attributable to COVID-19, and stratified by clinical characteristics including demographics, comorbidities, cancer treatment, and cancer type. All statistical tests are 2-sided.
    Results: Of 22 914 cancer patients tested for COVID-19, 1794 (7.8%) were positive. The prevalence of COVID-19 was similar across age. Higher prevalence was observed in African American (15.0%) compared with White (5.5%; P < .001) and in patients with hematologic malignancy compared with those with solid tumors (10.9% vs 7.8%; P < .001). Conversely, prevalence was lower in current smokers and patients who recently received cancer therapy (<6 months). The COVID-19-attributable mortality was 10.9%. Higher attributable mortality rates were observed in older patients, those with higher Charlson comorbidity score, and in certain cancer types. Recent (<6 months) or past treatment did not influence attributable mortality. Importantly, African American patients had 3.5-fold higher COVID-19-attributable hospitalization; however, they had similar attributable mortality as White patients.
    Conclusion: Preexistence of cancer affects both susceptibility to COVID-19 infection and eventual outcome. The overall COVID-19-attributable mortality in cancer patients is affected by age, comorbidity, and specific cancer types; however, race or recent treatment including immunotherapy do not impact outcome.
    MeSH term(s) COVID-19/epidemiology ; Humans ; Neoplasms/complications ; Prevalence ; Risk Factors ; United States ; United States Department of Veterans Affairs
    Keywords covid19
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-11-11
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 2992-0
    ISSN 1460-2105 ; 0027-8874 ; 0198-0157
    ISSN (online) 1460-2105
    ISSN 0027-8874 ; 0198-0157
    DOI 10.1093/jnci/djaa159
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  9. Article ; Online: Prevalence and outcome of Covid-19 infection in cancer patients: a national VA study

    Fillmore, Nathanael R / La, Jennifer / Szalat, Raphael E / Tuck, David P / Nguyen, Vinh / Yildirim, Cenk / Do, Nhan V / Brophy, Mary T / Munshi, Nikhil C

    medRxiv

    Abstract: Background: Emerging data suggest variability in susceptibility and outcome to Covid-19 infection. Identifying the risk-factors associated with infection and outcomes in cancer patients is necessary to develop healthcare recommendations. Methods: We ... ...

    Abstract Background: Emerging data suggest variability in susceptibility and outcome to Covid-19 infection. Identifying the risk-factors associated with infection and outcomes in cancer patients is necessary to develop healthcare recommendations. Methods: We analyzed electronic health records of the US National Veterans Administration healthcare system and assessed the prevalence of Covid-19 infection in cancer patients. We evaluated the proportion of cancer patients tested for Covid-19 and their confirmed positivity, with clinical characteristics, and outcome, and stratified by demographics, comorbidities, cancer treatment and cancer type. Results: Of 22914 cancer patients tested for Covid-19, 1794 (7.8%) were positive. The prevalence of Covid-19 was similar across all ages. Higher prevalence was observed in African-American (AA) (15%) compared to white (5.5%; P<.001), in Hispanic vs non-Hispanic population and in patients with hematologic malignancy compared to those with solid tumors (10.9% vs 7.7%; P<.001). Conversely, prevalence was lower in current smoker patients, patients with other co-morbidities and having recently received cancer therapy (<6 months). The Covid-19 attributable mortality was 10.9%. Highest mortality rates were observed in older patients, those with renal dysfunction, higher Charlson co-morbidity score and with certain cancer types. Recent (<6 months) or past treatment did not influence mortality. Importantly, AA patients had 3.5-fold higher Covid-19 attributable hospitalization, however had similar mortality rate as white patients. Conclusion: Pre-existence of cancer affects both susceptibility to Covid-19 infection and eventual outcome. The overall Covid-19 attributable mortality in cancer patients is affected by age, co-morbidity and specific cancer types, however, race or recent treatment including immunotherapy does not impact outcome.
    Keywords covid19
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-08-24
    Publisher Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press
    Document type Article ; Online
    DOI 10.1101/2020.08.21.20177923
    Database COVID19

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  10. Article: Prevalence and outcome of COVID-19 infection in cancer patients: a national Veterans Affairs study

    Fillmore, Nathanael R / La, Jennifer / Szalat, Raphael E / Tuck, David P / Nguyen, Vinh / Yildirim, Cenk / Do, Nhan V / Brophy, Mary T / Munshi, Nikhil C

    J. natl. cancer inst

    Abstract: BACKGROUND: Emerging data suggest variability in susceptibility and outcome to COVID-19 infection. Identifying risk-factors associated with infection and outcomes in cancer patients is necessary to develop healthcare recommendations. METHODS: We analyzed ...

    Abstract BACKGROUND: Emerging data suggest variability in susceptibility and outcome to COVID-19 infection. Identifying risk-factors associated with infection and outcomes in cancer patients is necessary to develop healthcare recommendations. METHODS: We analyzed electronic health records of the US Veterans Affairs healthcare system and assessed the prevalence of COVID-19 infection in cancer patients. We evaluated the proportion of cancer patients tested for COVID-19 who were positive, as well as outcome attributable to COVID-19, and stratified by clinical characteristics including demographics, comorbidities, cancer treatment and cancer type. All statistical tests are two-sided. RESULTS: Of 22914 cancer patients tested for COVID-19, 1794 (7.8%) were positive. The prevalence of COVID-19 was similar across age. Higher prevalence was observed in African-American (AA) (15.0%) compared to White (5.5%; P<.001) and in patients with hematologic malignancy compared to those with solid tumors (10.9% vs 7.8%; P<.001). Conversely, prevalence was lower in current smokers and patients who recently received cancer therapy (<6 months). The COVID-19 attributable mortality was 10.9%. Higher attributable mortality rates were observed in older patients, those with higher Charlson comorbidity score, and in certain cancer types. Recent (<6 months) or past treatment did not influence attributable mortality. Importantly, AA patients had 3.5-fold higher COVID-19 attributable hospitalization, however had similar attributable mortality as White patients. CONCLUSION: Pre-existence of cancer affects both susceptibility to COVID-19 infection and eventual outcome. The overall COVID-19 attributable mortality in cancer patients is affected by age, comorbidity and specific cancer types, however, race or recent treatment including immunotherapy does not impact outcome.
    Keywords covid19
    Publisher WHO
    Document type Article
    Note WHO #Covidence: #838367
    Database COVID19

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