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  1. Article ; Online: The

    Kostick-Dunn, Jessica L / Izac, Jerilyn R / Freedman, John C / Szkotnicki, Lee T / Oliver, Lee D / Marconi, Richard T

    Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology

    2018  Volume 8, Page(s) 213

    Abstract: Cyclic-di-GMP (c-di-GMP) contributes to the regulation of processes required by the Lyme disease (LD) spirochetes to complete the tick-mammal enzootic cycle. Our understanding of the effector mechanisms of c-di-GMP in ... ...

    Abstract Cyclic-di-GMP (c-di-GMP) contributes to the regulation of processes required by the Lyme disease (LD) spirochetes to complete the tick-mammal enzootic cycle. Our understanding of the effector mechanisms of c-di-GMP in the
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Bacterial Proteins/genetics ; Bacterial Proteins/metabolism ; Borrelia burgdorferi/drug effects ; Borrelia burgdorferi/genetics ; Cyclic GMP/analogs & derivatives ; Cyclic GMP/metabolism ; Disease Models, Animal ; Gene Deletion ; Genetic Complementation Test ; Ixodes/microbiology ; Larva/microbiology ; Locomotion ; Lyme Disease/microbiology ; Lyme Disease/pathology ; Mice ; Microbial Viability ; Protein Binding
    Chemical Substances Bacterial Proteins ; bis(3',5')-cyclic diguanylic acid (61093-23-0) ; Cyclic GMP (H2D2X058MU)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2018-07-11
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 2619676-1
    ISSN 2235-2988 ; 2235-2988
    ISSN (online) 2235-2988
    ISSN 2235-2988
    DOI 10.3389/fcimb.2018.00213
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article ; Online: The diguanylate cyclase, Rrp1, regulates critical steps in the enzootic cycle of the Lyme disease spirochetes.

    Kostick, Jessica L / Szkotnicki, Lee T / Rogers, Elizabeth A / Bocci, Paola / Raffaelli, Nadia / Marconi, Richard T

    Molecular microbiology

    2011  Volume 81, Issue 1, Page(s) 219–231

    Abstract: Rrp1 is the sole c-di-GMP-producing protein (diguanylate cyclase) of Borrelia burgdorferi. To test the hypothesis that Rrp1 regulates critical processes involved in the transmission of spirochetes between ticks and mammals, an rrp1 deletion mutant (B31- ... ...

    Abstract Rrp1 is the sole c-di-GMP-producing protein (diguanylate cyclase) of Borrelia burgdorferi. To test the hypothesis that Rrp1 regulates critical processes involved in the transmission of spirochetes between ticks and mammals, an rrp1 deletion mutant (B31-Δrrp1) and a strain that constitutively produces elevated levels of Rrp1 (B31-OV) were constructed. The strains were assessed for progression through the enzootic cycle using an Ixodes tick/C3H-HeJ mouse model and tick immersion feeding methods. B31-Δrrp1 infected mice as efficiently as wild type but had altered motility, decreased chemotactic responses to N-acetylglucosamine (NAG) and attenuated ability to disseminate or colonize distal organs. While this strain infected mice, it was not able to survive in ticks. In contrast, B31-OV displayed normal motility patterns and chemotactic responses but was non-infectious in mice. Using immersion feeding techniques, we demonstrate that B31-OV can establish a population in ticks and survive exposure to a natural bloodmeal. The results presented here indicate Rrp1, and by extension, c-di-GMP, are not strictly required for murine infection, but are required for the successful establishment of a productive population of B. burgdorferi in ticks. These analyses provide significant new insight into the genetic regulatory mechanisms of the Lyme disease spirochetes.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Borrelia burgdorferi/enzymology ; Borrelia burgdorferi/genetics ; Borrelia burgdorferi/pathogenicity ; Borrelia burgdorferi/physiology ; Chemotaxis ; Disease Models, Animal ; Escherichia coli Proteins/genetics ; Escherichia coli Proteins/metabolism ; Gene Deletion ; Gene Expression ; Ixodes/microbiology ; Locomotion ; Lyme Disease/microbiology ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C3H ; Microbial Viability ; Phosphorus-Oxygen Lyases/genetics ; Phosphorus-Oxygen Lyases/metabolism ; Rodent Diseases/microbiology ; Virulence ; Virulence Factors/genetics ; Virulence Factors/metabolism
    Chemical Substances Escherichia coli Proteins ; Virulence Factors ; Phosphorus-Oxygen Lyases (EC 4.6.-) ; diguanylate cyclase (EC 4.6.1.-)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2011-06-05
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
    ZDB-ID 619315-8
    ISSN 1365-2958 ; 0950-382X
    ISSN (online) 1365-2958
    ISSN 0950-382X
    DOI 10.1111/j.1365-2958.2011.07687.x
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article ; Online: Nucleocytoplasmic trafficking of G2/M regulators in yeast.

    Keaton, Mignon A / Szkotnicki, Lee / Marquitz, Aron R / Harrison, Jake / Zyla, Trevin R / Lew, Daniel J

    Molecular biology of the cell

    2008  Volume 19, Issue 9, Page(s) 4006–4018

    Abstract: Nucleocytoplasmic shuttling is prevalent among many cell cycle regulators controlling the G2/M transition. Shuttling of cyclin/cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) complexes is thought to provide access to substrates stably located in either compartment. ... ...

    Abstract Nucleocytoplasmic shuttling is prevalent among many cell cycle regulators controlling the G2/M transition. Shuttling of cyclin/cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) complexes is thought to provide access to substrates stably located in either compartment. Because cyclin/CDK shuttles between cellular compartments, an upstream regulator that is fixed in one compartment could in principle affect the entire cyclin/CDK pool. Alternatively, the regulators themselves may need to shuttle to effectively regulate their moving target. Here, we identify localization motifs in the budding yeast Swe1p (Wee1) and Mih1p (Cdc25) cell cycle regulators. Replacement of endogenous Swe1p or Mih1p with mutants impaired in nuclear import or export revealed that the nuclear pools of Swe1p and Mih1p were more effective in CDK regulation than were the cytoplasmic pools. Nevertheless, shuttling of cyclin/CDK complexes was sufficiently rapid to coordinate nuclear and cytoplasmic events even when Swe1p or Mih1p were restricted to one compartment. Additionally, we found that Swe1p nuclear export was important for its degradation. Because Swe1p degradation is regulated by cytoskeletal stress, shuttling of Swe1p between nucleus and cytoplasm serves to couple cytoplasmic stress to nuclear cyclin/CDK inhibition.
    MeSH term(s) Active Transport, Cell Nucleus ; Alleles ; Amino Acid Sequence ; Cell Cycle Proteins/genetics ; Cell Cycle Proteins/metabolism ; Cell Division ; Cell Nucleus/metabolism ; Cytoplasm/metabolism ; G2 Phase ; Gene Expression Regulation, Fungal ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Mutation ; Oligonucleotides/chemistry ; Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases/genetics ; Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases/metabolism ; Protein-Tyrosine Kinases/genetics ; Protein-Tyrosine Kinases/metabolism ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins/genetics ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins/metabolism ; Sequence Homology, Amino Acid ; Time Factors ; ras-GRF1
    Chemical Substances CDC25 protein, S cerevisiae ; Cell Cycle Proteins ; Oligonucleotides ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins ; ras-GRF1 ; SWE1 protein, S cerevisiae (EC 2.7.1.-) ; Protein-Tyrosine Kinases (EC 2.7.10.1) ; Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases (EC 3.1.3.48)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2008-06-18
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
    ZDB-ID 1098979-1
    ISSN 1939-4586 ; 1059-1524
    ISSN (online) 1939-4586
    ISSN 1059-1524
    DOI 10.1091/mbc.E08-03-0286
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  4. Article ; Online: The checkpoint kinase Hsl1p is activated by Elm1p-dependent phosphorylation.

    Szkotnicki, Lee / Crutchley, John M / Zyla, Trevin R / Bardes, Elaine S G / Lew, Daniel J

    Molecular biology of the cell

    2008  Volume 19, Issue 11, Page(s) 4675–4686

    Abstract: Saccharomyces cerevisiae cells growing in the outdoor environment must adapt to sudden changes in temperature and other variables. Many such changes trigger stress responses that delay bud emergence until the cells can adapt. In such circumstances, the ... ...

    Abstract Saccharomyces cerevisiae cells growing in the outdoor environment must adapt to sudden changes in temperature and other variables. Many such changes trigger stress responses that delay bud emergence until the cells can adapt. In such circumstances, the morphogenesis checkpoint delays mitosis until a bud has been formed. Mitotic delay is due to the Wee1 family mitotic inhibitor Swe1p, whose degradation is linked to bud emergence by the checkpoint kinase Hsl1p. Hsl1p is concentrated at the mother-bud neck through association with septin filaments, and it was reported that Hsl1p activation involved relief of autoinhibition in response to septin interaction. Here we challenge the previous identification of an autoinhibitory domain and show instead that Hsl1p activation involves the phosphorylation of threonine 273, promoted by the septin-associated kinase Elm1p. We identified elm1 mutants in a screen for defects in Swe1p degradation and show that a phosphomimic T273E mutation in HSL1 bypasses the need for Elm1p in this pathway.
    MeSH term(s) Amino Acid Sequence ; Enzyme Activation ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Mutation/genetics ; Phosphorylation ; Phosphothreonine/metabolism ; Protein Kinases/chemistry ; Protein Kinases/metabolism ; Protein Processing, Post-Translational ; Protein-Serine-Threonine Kinases ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae/cytology ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae/enzymology ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins/chemistry ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins/metabolism
    Chemical Substances Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins ; Phosphothreonine (1114-81-4) ; Protein Kinases (EC 2.7.-) ; ELM1 protein, S cerevisiae (EC 2.7.1.-) ; HSL1 protein, S cerevisiae (EC 2.7.11.1) ; Protein-Serine-Threonine Kinases (EC 2.7.11.1)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2008-09-03
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1098979-1
    ISSN 1939-4586 ; 1059-1524
    ISSN (online) 1939-4586
    ISSN 1059-1524
    DOI 10.1091/mbc.E08-06-0663
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  5. Article ; Online: Molecular dissection of the checkpoint kinase Hsl1p.

    Crutchley, John / King, Kindra M / Keaton, Mignon A / Szkotnicki, Lee / Orlando, David A / Zyla, Trevin R / Bardes, Elaine S G / Lew, Daniel J

    Molecular biology of the cell

    2009  Volume 20, Issue 7, Page(s) 1926–1936

    Abstract: Cell shape can influence cell behavior. In Saccharomyces cerevisiae, bud emergence can influence cell cycle progression via the morphogenesis checkpoint. This surveillance pathway ensures that mitosis always follows bud formation by linking degradation ... ...

    Abstract Cell shape can influence cell behavior. In Saccharomyces cerevisiae, bud emergence can influence cell cycle progression via the morphogenesis checkpoint. This surveillance pathway ensures that mitosis always follows bud formation by linking degradation of the mitosis-inhibitory kinase Swe1p (Wee1) to successful bud emergence. A crucial component of this pathway is the checkpoint kinase Hsl1p, which is activated upon bud emergence and promotes Swe1p degradation. We have dissected the large nonkinase domain of Hsl1p by using evolutionary conservation as a guide, identifying regions important for Hsl1p localization, function, and regulation. An autoinhibitory motif restrains Hsl1p activity when it is not properly localized to the mother-bud neck. Hsl1p lacking this motif is active as a kinase regardless of the assembly state of cytoskeletal septin filaments. However, the active but delocalized Hsl1p cannot promote Swe1p down-regulation, indicating that localization is required for Hsl1p function as well as Hsl1p activation. We also show that the septin-mediated Hsl1p regulation via the novel motif operates in parallel to a previously identified Hsl1p activation pathway involving phosphorylation of the Hsl1p kinase domain. We suggest that Hsl1p responds to alterations in septin organization, which themselves occur in response to the local geometry of the cell cortex.
    MeSH term(s) Enzyme Activation ; Phosphorylation ; Phylogeny ; Protein Binding ; Protein Kinases/chemistry ; Protein Kinases/metabolism ; Protein Structure, Tertiary ; Protein Transport ; Protein-Arginine N-Methyltransferases/metabolism ; Protein-Serine-Threonine Kinases/chemistry ; Protein-Serine-Threonine Kinases/metabolism ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae/cytology ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae/enzymology ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins/chemistry ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins/metabolism ; Sequence Deletion ; Structure-Activity Relationship
    Chemical Substances Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins ; Protein-Arginine N-Methyltransferases (EC 2.1.1.319) ; HSL7 protein, S cerevisiae (EC 2.1.1.320) ; Protein Kinases (EC 2.7.-) ; ELM1 protein, S cerevisiae (EC 2.7.1.-) ; HSL1 protein, S cerevisiae (EC 2.7.11.1) ; Protein-Serine-Threonine Kinases (EC 2.7.11.1)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2009-02-11
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
    ZDB-ID 1098979-1
    ISSN 1939-4586 ; 1059-1524
    ISSN (online) 1939-4586
    ISSN 1059-1524
    DOI 10.1091/mbc.E08-08-0848
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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