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  1. Article ; Online: Saliva as a useful tool for evaluating upper mucosal antibody response to influenza.

    Yasuko Tsunetsugu-Yokota / Sayaka Ito / Yu Adachi / Taishi Onodera / Tsutomu Kageyama / Yoshimasa Takahashi

    PLoS ONE, Vol 17, Iss 2, p e

    2022  Volume 0263419

    Abstract: Mucosal immunity plays a crucial role in controlling upper respiratory infections, including influenza. We established a quantitative ELISA to measure the amount of influenza virus-specific salivery IgA (sIgA) and salivary IgG (sIgG) antibodies using a ... ...

    Abstract Mucosal immunity plays a crucial role in controlling upper respiratory infections, including influenza. We established a quantitative ELISA to measure the amount of influenza virus-specific salivery IgA (sIgA) and salivary IgG (sIgG) antibodies using a standard antibody broadly reactive to the influenza A virus. We then analyzed saliva and serum samples from seven individuals infected with the A(H1N1)pdm09 influenza virus during the 2019-2020 flu seasons. We detected an early (6-10 days post-infection) increase of sIgA in five of the seven samples and a later (3-5 weeks) increase of sIgG in six of the seven saliva samples. Although the conventional parenteral influenza vaccine did not induce IgA production in saliva, vaccinated individuals with a history of influenza infection had higher basal levels of sIgA than those without a history. Interestingly, we observed sIgA and sIgG in an asymptomatic individual who had close contact with two influenza cases. Both early mucosal sIgA secretion and late systemically induced sIgG in the mucosal surface may protect against virus infection. Despite the small sample size, our results indicate that the saliva test system can be useful for analyzing upper mucosal immunity in influenza.
    Keywords Medicine ; R ; Science ; Q
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-01-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Public Library of Science (PLoS)
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  2. Article ; Online: SARS-CoV-2-specific CD4+ T cell longevity correlates with Th17-like phenotype

    Kazutaka Terahara / Takashi Sato / Yu Adachi / Keisuke Tonouchi / Taishi Onodera / Saya Moriyama / Lin Sun / Tomohiro Takano / Ayae Nishiyama / Ai Kawana-Tachikawa / Tetsuro Matano / Takayuki Matsumura / Masaharu Shinkai / Masanori Isogawa / Yoshimasa Takahashi

    iScience, Vol 25, Iss 9, Pp 104959- (2022)

    2022  

    Abstract: Summary: Determinants of memory T cell longevity following severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection remain unknown. In addition, phenotypes associated with memory T cell longevity, antibody titers, and disease severity are ... ...

    Abstract Summary: Determinants of memory T cell longevity following severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection remain unknown. In addition, phenotypes associated with memory T cell longevity, antibody titers, and disease severity are incompletely understood. Here, we longitudinally analyzed SARS-CoV-2-specific T cell and antibody responses of a unique cohort with similar numbers of mild, moderate, and severe coronavirus disease 2019 cases. The half-lives of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells were longer than those of antibody titers and showed no clear correlation with disease severity. When CD4+ T cells were divided into Th1-, Th2-, Th17-, and Tfh-like subsets, the Th17-like subset showed a longer half-life than other subsets, indicating that Th17-like cells are most closely correlated with T cell longevity. In contrast, Th2- and Tfh-like T cells were more closely correlated with antibody titers than other subsets. These results suggest that distinct CD4+ T cell subsets are associated with longevity and antibody responses.
    Keywords Health sciences ; Medicine ; Immunology ; Virology ; Biological sciences ; Science ; Q
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-09-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Elsevier
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  3. Article ; Online: Direct Inhibition of SARS-CoV-2 Spike Protein by Peracetic Acid

    Yuichiro Yamamoto / Yoshio Nakano / Mana Murae / Yoshimi Shimizu / Shota Sakai / Motohiko Ogawa / Tomoharu Mizukami / Tetsuya Inoue / Taishi Onodera / Yoshimasa Takahashi / Takaji Wakita / Masayoshi Fukasawa / Satoru Miyazaki / Kohji Noguchi

    International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Vol 24, Iss 1, p

    2022  Volume 20

    Abstract: Peracetic acid (PAA) disinfectants are effective against a wide range of pathogenic microorganisms, including bacteria, fungi, and viruses. Several studies have shown the efficacy of PAA against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) ...

    Abstract Peracetic acid (PAA) disinfectants are effective against a wide range of pathogenic microorganisms, including bacteria, fungi, and viruses. Several studies have shown the efficacy of PAA against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2); however, its efficacy in SARS-CoV-2 variants and the molecular mechanism of action of PAA against SARS-CoV-2 have not been investigated. SARS-CoV-2 infection depends on the recognition and binding of the cell receptor angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) via the receptor-binding domain (RBD) of the spike protein. Here, we demonstrated that PAA effectively suppressed pseudotyped virus infection in the Wuhan type and variants, including Delta and Omicron. Similarly, PAA reduced the authentic viral load of SARS-CoV-2. Computational analysis suggested that the hydroxyl radicals produced by PAA cleave the disulfide bridges in the RBD. Additionally, the PAA treatment decreased the abundance of the Wuhan- and variant-type spike proteins. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay showed direct inhibition of RBD-ACE2 interactions by PAA. In conclusion, the PAA treatment suppressed SARS-CoV-2 infection, which was dependent on the inhibition of the interaction between the spike RBD and ACE2 by inducing spike protein destabilization. Our findings provide evidence of a potent disinfection strategy against SARS-CoV-2.
    Keywords SARS-CoV-2 ; peracetic acid ; spike protein ; receptor-binding domain ; ACE2 ; Biology (General) ; QH301-705.5 ; Chemistry ; QD1-999
    Subject code 612
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-12-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher MDPI AG
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  4. Article ; Online: Structural delineation and computational design of SARS-CoV-2-neutralizing antibodies against Omicron subvariants

    Saya Moriyama / Yuki Anraku / Shunta Taminishi / Yu Adachi / Daisuke Kuroda / Shunsuke Kita / Yusuke Higuchi / Yuhei Kirita / Ryutaro Kotaki / Keisuke Tonouchi / Kohei Yumoto / Tateki Suzuki / Taiyou Someya / Hideo Fukuhara / Yudai Kuroda / Tsukasa Yamamoto / Taishi Onodera / Shuetsu Fukushi / Ken Maeda /
    Fukumi Nakamura-Uchiyama / Takao Hashiguchi / Atsushi Hoshino / Katsumi Maenaka / Yoshimasa Takahashi

    Nature Communications, Vol 14, Iss 1, Pp 1-

    2023  Volume 17

    Abstract: Abstract SARS-CoV-2 Omicron subvariants have evolved to evade receptor-binding site (RBS) antibodies that exist in diverse individuals as public antibody clones. We rationally selected RBS antibodies resilient to mutations in emerging Omicron subvariants. ...

    Abstract Abstract SARS-CoV-2 Omicron subvariants have evolved to evade receptor-binding site (RBS) antibodies that exist in diverse individuals as public antibody clones. We rationally selected RBS antibodies resilient to mutations in emerging Omicron subvariants. Y489 was identified as a site of virus vulnerability and a common footprint of broadly neutralizing antibodies against the subvariants. Multiple Y489-binding antibodies were encoded by public clonotypes and additionally recognized F486, potentially accounting for the emergence of Omicron subvariants harboring the F486V mutation. However, a subclass of antibodies broadly neutralized BA.4/BA.5 variants via hydrophobic binding sites of rare clonotypes along with high mutation-resilience under escape mutation screening. A computationally designed antibody based on one of the Y489-binding antibodies, NIV-10/FD03, was able to bind XBB with any 486 mutation and neutralized XBB.1.5. The structural basis for the mutation-resilience of this Y489-binding antibody group may provide important insights into the design of therapeutics resistant to viral escape.
    Keywords Science ; Q
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-07-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Nature Portfolio
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  5. Article ; Online: SCD2-mediated monounsaturated fatty acid metabolism regulates cGAS-STING-dependent type I IFN responses in CD4+ T cells

    Toshio Kanno / Takahiro Nakajima / Satoru Yokoyama / Hikari K. Asou / Shigemi Sasamoto / Yasuhiro Kamii / Koji Hayashizaki / Yasuo Ouchi / Taishi Onodera / Yoshimasa Takahashi / Kazutaka Ikeda / Yoshinori Hasegawa / Yuki Kinjo / Osamu Ohara / Toshinori Nakayama / Yusuke Endo

    Communications Biology, Vol 4, Iss 1, Pp 1-

    2021  Volume 14

    Abstract: Kanno et al. demonstrate that decreased monounsaturated fatty acid in CD4 + T cells following Scd2 deletion boosts the induction of the antiviral response via activation of the cGAS-STING pathway in mice. This study highlights the important interaction ... ...

    Abstract Kanno et al. demonstrate that decreased monounsaturated fatty acid in CD4 + T cells following Scd2 deletion boosts the induction of the antiviral response via activation of the cGAS-STING pathway in mice. This study highlights the important interaction between fatty acid metabolism and the acquired immune response.
    Keywords Biology (General) ; QH301-705.5
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-06-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Nature Portfolio
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  6. Article ; Online: Augmented B lymphocyte response to antigen in the absence of antigen-induced B lymphocyte signaling in an IgG-transgenic mouse line.

    Rong-Yong Man / Taishi Onodera / Emi Komatsu / Takeshi Tsubata

    PLoS ONE, Vol 5, Iss 1, p e

    2010  Volume 8815

    Abstract: IgG-containing B cell antigen receptor (IgG-BCR), the BCR mostly expressed on memory B cells, contains a distinct signaling function from IgM-BCR or IgD-BCR expressed on naïve B cells. Because naïve B cells transgenic for IgG exhibit augmented response ... ...

    Abstract IgG-containing B cell antigen receptor (IgG-BCR), the BCR mostly expressed on memory B cells, contains a distinct signaling function from IgM-BCR or IgD-BCR expressed on naïve B cells. Because naïve B cells transgenic for IgG exhibit augmented response to antigens similar to memory B cells, the distinct signaling function of IgG-BCR appears to play a role in augmented antibody responses of memory B cells. However, how IgG-BCR signaling augments B cell responses is not yet well understood. Here we demonstrate that B cells from IgG-transgenic mice are anergic with defect in generation of BCR signaling upon BCR ligation. However, these IgG-transgenic B cells generate markedly augmented antibody response to a T cell-dependent antigen, probably due to hyper-responsiveness to a T cell-derived signal through CD40. Both BCR signaling defect and augmented response to CD40 ligation are partially restored in xid IgG-transgenic mice in which BCR signaling is down-modulated due to a loss-of-function mutation in the tyrosine kinase Btk crucial for BCR signaling. Thus, IgG-BCR induces augmented B cell responses in the absence of antigen-induced BCR signaling probably through high ligand-independent BCR signaling that may "idle" B cells to make them ready to respond to T cell help. This finding strongly suggests a crucial role of ligand-independent signaling in receptor function.
    Keywords Medicine ; R ; Science ; Q
    Language English
    Publishing date 2010-01-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Public Library of Science (PLoS)
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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