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Article ; Online: Improving the Detection Sensitivity of a New Rapid Diagnostic Technology for Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Using a Trace Amount of Saliva

Reiko Tokuyama-Toda / Chika Terada-Ito / Masaaki Muraoka / Toshikatsu Horiuchi / Tsuyoshi Amemiya / Airi Fukuoka / Yoshiki Hamada / Yusuke Takebe / Takashi Ogawa / Seiko Fujii / Toshihiro Kikuta / Shunsuke Sejima / Kazuhito Satomura

Diagnostics, Vol 12, Iss 2568, p

2022 Volume 2568

Abstract: The early diagnosis and isolation of infected individuals with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) remain important. Although quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) testing is considered the most accurate test available for COVID-19 diagnosis, it ... ...

Abstract	The early diagnosis and isolation of infected individuals with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) remain important. Although quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) testing is considered the most accurate test available for COVID-19 diagnosis, it has some limitations, such as the need for specialized laboratory technicians and a long turnaround time. Therefore, we have established and reported a rapid diagnostic method using a small amount of saliva as a sample using a lightweight mobile qPCR device. This study aimed to improve the existing method and increase the detection sensitivity and specificity. The detection specificity of CDC N1 and N2 was examined by improving qPCR reagents and polymerase chain reaction conditions for the previously reported method. Furthermore, the feasibility of detecting severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) viral RNA was examined using both the previous method and the improved method in patients with COVID-19. The results showed that the improved method increased the specificity and sensitivity. This improved method is useful for the rapid diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2.
Keywords	SARS-CoV-2 ; COVID-19 ; diagnostic technology ; mobile qPCR device ; mouthwash ; saliva ; Medicine (General) ; R5-920
Subject code	610
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-10-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	MDPI AG
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Comparison of Chest Compression Quality Using Wing Boards versus Walking Next to a Moving Stretcher

Yukako Nakashima / Takeji Saitoh / Hideki Yasui / Masahide Ueno / Kensuke Hotta / Takashi Ogawa / Yoshiaki Takahashi / Yuichiro Maekawa / Atsuto Yoshino

Journal of Clinical Medicine, Vol 9, Iss 1584, p

A Randomized Crossover Simulation Study

2020 Volume 1584

Abstract: Background: When a rescuer walks alongside a stretcher and compresses the patient’s chest, the rescuer produces low-quality chest compressions. We hypothesized that a stretcher equipped with wing boards allows for better chest compressions than the ... ...

Abstract	Background: When a rescuer walks alongside a stretcher and compresses the patient’s chest, the rescuer produces low-quality chest compressions. We hypothesized that a stretcher equipped with wing boards allows for better chest compressions than the conventional method. Methods: In this prospective, randomized, crossover study, we enrolled 45 medical workers and students. They performed hands-on chest compressions to a mannequin on a moving stretcher, while either walking (the walk method) or riding on wings attached to the stretcher (the wing method). The depths of the chest compressions were recorded. The participants’ vital signs were measured before and after the trials. Results: The average compression depth during the wing method (5.40 ± 0.50 cm) was greater than during the walk method (4.85 ± 0.80 cm; p < 0.01). The average compression rates during the two minutes were 215 ± 8 and 217 ± 5 compressions in the walk and wing methods, respectively ( p = ns). Changes in blood pressure (14 ± 11 vs. 22 ± 14 mmHg), heart rate (32 ± 13 vs. 58 ± 20 bpm), and modified Borg scale (4 (interquartile range: 2–4) vs. 6 (5–7)) were significantly lower in the wing method cohort compared to the walking cohort ( p < 0.01). The rescuer’s size and physique were positively correlated with the chest compression depth during the walk method; however, we found no significant correlation in the wing method. Conclusions: Chest compressions performed on the stretcher while moving using the wing method can produce high-quality chest compressions, especially for rescuers with a smaller size and physique.
Keywords	chest compression ; moving stretcher ; wing ; Medicine ; R
Subject code	796
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-05-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	MDPI AG
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: The absence of orthostatic heart rate increase is associated with cognitive impairment in Parkinson's disease.

Ryota Tanaka / Kazuo Yamashiro / Takashi Ogawa / Genko Oyama / Kenya Nishioka / Atsushi Umemura / Yasushi Shimo / Nobutaka Hattori

PLoS ONE, Vol 15, Iss 10, p e

2020 Volume 0240491

Abstract: Orthostatic hypotension (OH) frequently accompanies autonomic dysfunction and is an important risk factor for cognitive impairment in Parkinson's disease (PD). While OH is usually diagnosed based on an orthostatic blood pressure drop, the association ... ...

Abstract	Orthostatic hypotension (OH) frequently accompanies autonomic dysfunction and is an important risk factor for cognitive impairment in Parkinson's disease (PD). While OH is usually diagnosed based on an orthostatic blood pressure drop, the association between the heart rate response and cognitive impairment remains unclear. We retrospectively analyzed 143 cases of clinically diagnosed PD to determine the association between the absence of a heart rate response and cognitive impairment in PD with OH. Among the patients with OH, neurogenic OH was diagnosed in cases without a heart rate increase, while all other patients were diagnosed with non-neurogenic OH. Dementia was found in 23 of 143 PD cases (16.1%) in this cohort. The presence of OH was an independent risk factor for dementia in PD in addition to the disease severity, years of education and beta-blockers use. Neurogenic OH was significantly associated with dementia compared to the no OH group (hazard ratio [HR] 7.3, 95% confidence interval [CI] 2.2-24.6, P<0.01), an association that was preserved after adjusting for age, gender and other covariant factors. However, no such association was observed for non-neurogenic OH (HR 2.9, 95%CI 0.8-10.9, P = 0.12). While the cognitive impairment was significantly worse in the neurogenic OH group than the no-OH group, the groups were otherwise similar. The blood pressure decrease was significantly lower in both OH groups than in the no-OH group, despite no significant differences between the OH groups. Our finding showed that OH without a heart rate response was an important predictor of cognitive impairment in PD.
Keywords	Medicine ; R ; Science ; Q
Subject code	610 ; 616
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-01-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Cervico-shoulder dystonia following lateral medullary infarction

Takashi Ogawa / Yuri Shojima / Takuma Kuroki / Hiroto Eguchi / Nobutaka Hattori / Hideto Miwa

Journal of Medical Case Reports, Vol 12, Iss 1, Pp 1-

a case report and review of the literature

2018 Volume 7

Abstract: Abstract Background Secondary cervical dystonia is induced by organic brain lesions involving the basal ganglia, thalamus, cerebellum, and brain stem. It is extremely rare to see cervical dystonia induced by a medullary lesion. Case presentation We ... ...

Abstract	Abstract Background Secondary cervical dystonia is induced by organic brain lesions involving the basal ganglia, thalamus, cerebellum, and brain stem. It is extremely rare to see cervical dystonia induced by a medullary lesion. Case presentation We report a case of an 86-year-old Japanese woman who developed cervical dystonia following lateral medullary infarction. She developed sudden-onset left upper and lower extremity weakness, right-side numbness, and dysarthria. Brain magnetic resonance imaging revealed an acute ischemic lesion involving the left lateral and dorsal medullae. A few days after her stroke, she complained of a taut sensation in her left neck and body, and cervico-shoulder dystonia toward the contralateral side subsequently appeared. Within a few weeks, it disappeared spontaneously, but her hemiplegia remained residual. Conclusions To date, to the best of our knowledge, there has been only one reported case of cervical dystonia associated with a single medullary lesion. It is interesting to note the similarities in the clinical characteristics of the previously reported case and our patient: the involvement of the dorsal and caudal parts of the medullary and associated ipsilateral hemiplegia. The present case may support the speculation that the lateral and caudal regions of the medulla may be the anatomical sites responsible for inducing cervical dystonia.
Keywords	Cervical dystonia ; Lateral medullary infarction ; Opalski’s syndrome ; Literature review ; Case report ; Medicine ; R
Subject code	616
Language	English
Publishing date	2018-02-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	BMC
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Diffusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging-Based Biomarkers for Neurodegenerative Diseases

Koji Kamagata / Christina Andica / Ayumi Kato / Yuya Saito / Wataru Uchida / Taku Hatano / Matthew Lukies / Takashi Ogawa / Haruka Takeshige-Amano / Toshiaki Akashi / Akifumi Hagiwara / Shohei Fujita / Shigeki Aoki

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Vol 22, Iss 5216, p

2021 Volume 5216

Abstract: There has been an increasing prevalence of neurodegenerative diseases with the rapid increase in aging societies worldwide. Biomarkers that can be used to detect pathological changes before the development of severe neuronal loss and consequently ... ...

Abstract	There has been an increasing prevalence of neurodegenerative diseases with the rapid increase in aging societies worldwide. Biomarkers that can be used to detect pathological changes before the development of severe neuronal loss and consequently facilitate early intervention with disease-modifying therapeutic modalities are therefore urgently needed. Diffusion magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a promising tool that can be used to infer microstructural characteristics of the brain, such as microstructural integrity and complexity, as well as axonal density, order, and myelination, through the utilization of water molecules that are diffused within the tissue, with displacement at the micron scale. Diffusion tensor imaging is the most commonly used diffusion MRI technique to assess the pathophysiology of neurodegenerative diseases. However, diffusion tensor imaging has several limitations, and new technologies, including neurite orientation dispersion and density imaging, diffusion kurtosis imaging, and free-water imaging, have been recently developed as approaches to overcome these constraints. This review provides an overview of these technologies and their potential as biomarkers for the early diagnosis and disease progression of major neurodegenerative diseases.
Keywords	Alzheimer’s disease ; amyotrophic lateral sclerosis ; biomarker ; diffusion kurtosis imaging ; diffusion tensor imaging ; free-water imaging ; Biology (General) ; QH301-705.5 ; Chemistry ; QD1-999
Subject code	610
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-05-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	MDPI AG
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Scanning single-molecule counting system for Eprobe with highly simple and effective approach.

Takeshi Hanami / Tetsuya Tanabe / Takuya Hanashi / Mitsushiro Yamaguchi / Hidetaka Nakata / Yasumasa Mitani / Yasumasa Kimura / Takahiro Soma / Kengo Usui / Michiko Isobe / Takashi Ogawa / Masayoshi Itoh / Yoshihide Hayashizaki / Seiji Kondo

PLoS ONE, Vol 15, Iss 12, p e

2020 Volume 0243319

Abstract: Here, we report a rapid and ultra-sensitive detection technique for fluorescent molecules called scanning single molecular counting (SSMC). The method uses a fluorescence-based digital measurement system to count single molecules in a solution. In this ... ...

Abstract	Here, we report a rapid and ultra-sensitive detection technique for fluorescent molecules called scanning single molecular counting (SSMC). The method uses a fluorescence-based digital measurement system to count single molecules in a solution. In this technique, noise is reduced by conforming the signal shape to the intensity distribution of the excitation light via a circular scan of the confocal region. This simple technique allows the fluorescent molecules to freely diffuse into the solution through the confocal region and be counted one by one and does not require statistical analysis. Using this technique, 28 to 62 aM fluorescent dye was detected through measurement for 600 s. Furthermore, we achieved a good signal-to-noise ratio (S/N = 2326) under the condition of 100 pM target nucleic acid by only mixing a hybridization-sensitive fluorescent probe, called Eprobe, into the target oligonucleotide solution. Combination of SSMC and Eprobe provides a simple, rapid, amplification-free, and high-sensitive target nucleic acid detection system. This method is promising for future applications to detect particularly difficult to design primers for amplification as miRNAs and other short oligo nucleotide biomarkers by only hybridization with high sensitivity.
Keywords	Medicine ; R ; Science ; Q
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-01-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Investigating the efficacy and safety of elobixibat, an ileal bile acid transporter inhibitor, in patients with Parkinson’s disease with chronic constipation

BMJ Open, Vol 12, Iss

a multicentre, placebo-controlled, randomised, double-blind, parallel-group stud (CONST-PD)

2022 Volume 2

Keywords	Medicine ; R
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-02-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	BMJ Publishing Group
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Epithelial-mesenchymal transition stimulates human cancer cells to extend microtubule-based invasive protrusions and suppresses cell growth in collagen gel.

Jun Oyanagi / Takashi Ogawa / Hiroki Sato / Shouichi Higashi / Kaoru Miyazaki

PLoS ONE, Vol 7, Iss 12, p e

2012 Volume 53209

Abstract: Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a crucial event in tumor invasion and metastasis. However, most of past EMT studies have been conducted in the conventional two-dimensional (2D) monolayer culture. Therefore, it remains unclear what invasive ... ...

Abstract	Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a crucial event in tumor invasion and metastasis. However, most of past EMT studies have been conducted in the conventional two-dimensional (2D) monolayer culture. Therefore, it remains unclear what invasive phenotypes are acquired by EMT-induced cancer cells. To address this point, we attempted to characterize EMT cells in more physiological, three-dimensional (3D) collagen gel culture. EMT was induced by treating three human carcinoma cell lines (A549, Panc-1 and MKN-1) with TGF-ß. The TGF-ß treatment stimulated these cells to overexpress the invasion markers laminin γ2 and MT1-MMP in 2D culture, in addition to the induction of well-known morphological change and EMT marker expression. EMT induction enhanced cell motility and adhesiveness to fibronectin and collagen in 2D culture. Although EMT cells showed comparable cell growth to control cells in 2D culture, their growth rates were extremely suppressed in soft agar and collagen gel cultures. Most characteristically, EMT-induced cancer cells commonly and markedly extended invasive protrusions in collagen gel. These protrusions were mainly supported by microtubules rather than actin cytoskeleton. Snail-introduced, stable EMT cells showed similar protrusions in 3D conditions without TGF-ß. Moreover, these protrusions were suppressed by colchicine or inhibitors of heat shock protein 90 (HSP-90) and protein phosphatase 2A. However, MMP inhibitors did not suppress the protrusion formation. These data suggest that EMT enhances tumor cell infiltration into interstitial stroma by extending microtubule-based protrusions and suppressing cell growth. The elevated cell adhesion to fibronectin and collagen and high cell motility also seem important for the tumor invasion.
Keywords	Medicine ; R ; Science ; Q
Language	English
Publishing date	2012-01-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article: Direct cytocidal effect of galectin-9 localized on collagen matrices on human immune cell lines

Fukata, Youko / Aiko Itoh / Nozomu Nishi / Osamu Matsushita / Takanori Nakamura / Takashi Ogawa / Yasuhiro Nonaka

BBA - General Subjects. 2014 June, v. 1840

2014

Abstract: There is a continuous demand for new immunosuppressive agents for organ transplantation. Galectin-9, a member of the galactoside-binding animal lectin family, has been shown to suppress pathogenic T-cell responses in autoimmune disease models and ... ...

Abstract	There is a continuous demand for new immunosuppressive agents for organ transplantation. Galectin-9, a member of the galactoside-binding animal lectin family, has been shown to suppress pathogenic T-cell responses in autoimmune disease models and experimental allograft transplantation. In this study, an attempt has been made to develop new collagen matrices, which can cause local, contact-dependent immune suppression, using galectin-9 and collagen-binding galectin-9 fusion proteins as active ingredients.Galectin-9 and galectin-9 fusion proteins having collagen-binding domains (CBDs) derived from bacterial collagenases and a collagen-binding peptide (CBP) were tested for their ability to bind to collagen matrices, and to induce Jurkat cell death in solution and in the collagen-bound state.Galectin-9-CBD fusion proteins exhibited collagen-binding activity comparable to or lower than that of the respective CBDs, while their cytocidal activity toward Jurkat cells in solution was 80~10% that of galectin-9. Galectin-9 itself exhibited oligosaccharide-dependent collagen-binding activity. The growth of Jurkat cells cultured on collagen membranes treated with galectin-9 was inhibited by~90%. The effect was dependent on direct cell-to-membrane contact. Galectin-9-CBD/CBP fusion proteins bound to collagen membranes via CBD/CBP moieties showed a low or negligible effect on Jurkat cell growth.Among the proteins tested, galectin-9 exhibited the highest cytocidal effect on Jurkat cells in the collagen-bound state. The effect was not due to galectin-9 released into the culture medium but was dependent on direct cell-to-membrane contact.The study demonstrates the possible use of galectin-9-modified collagen matrices for local, contact-dependent immune suppression in transplantation.
Keywords	allografting ; autoimmune diseases ; cell death ; collagen ; collagenase ; culture media ; disease models ; human cell lines ; immunosuppressive agents ; lectins ; organ transplantation ; T-lymphocytes
Language	English
Dates of publication	2014-06
Size	p. 1892-1901.
Publishing place	Elsevier B.V.
Document type	Article
ZDB-ID	840755-1
ISSN	0304-4165
ISSN	0304-4165
DOI	10.1016/j.bbagen.2014.01.019
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article ; Online: Novel oestrogen receptor β-selective ligand reduces obesity and depressive-like behaviour in ovariectomized mice

Daimei Sasayama / Nobuhiro Sugiyama / Shigeru Yonekubo / Akiko Pawlak / Hiroyasu Murasawa / Mie Nakamura / Morimichi Hayashi / Takashi Ogawa / Makoto Moro / Shinsuke Washizuka / Naoji Amano / Kazuhiro Hongo / Hideki Ohnota

Scientific Reports, Vol 7, Iss 1, Pp 1-

2017 Volume 8

Abstract: Abstract Hormonal changes due to menopause can cause various health problems including weight gain and depressive symptoms. Multiple lines of evidence indicate that oestrogen receptors (ERs) play a major role in postmenopausal obesity and depression. ... ...

Abstract	Abstract Hormonal changes due to menopause can cause various health problems including weight gain and depressive symptoms. Multiple lines of evidence indicate that oestrogen receptors (ERs) play a major role in postmenopausal obesity and depression. However, little is known regarding the ER subtype-specific effects on obesity and depressive symptoms. To delineate potential effects of ERβ activation in postmenopausal women, we investigated the effects of a novel oestrogen receptor β-selective ligand (C-1) in ovariectomized mice. Uterine weight, depressive behaviour, and weight gain were examined in sham-operated control mice and ovariectomized mice administered placebo, C-1, or 17β-oestradiol (E2). Administration of C-1 or E2 reduced body weight gain and depressive-like behaviour in ovariectomized mice, as assessed by the forced swim test. In addition, administration of E2 to ovariectomized mice increased uterine weight, but administration of C-1 did not result in a significant increase in uterine weight. These results suggest that the selective activation of ERβ in ovariectomized mice may have protective effects against obesity and depressive-like behaviour without causing an increase in uterine weight. The present findings raise the possibility of the application of ERβ-ligands such as C-1 as a novel treatment for obesity and depression in postmenopausal women.
Keywords	Medicine ; R ; Science ; Q
Language	English
Publishing date	2017-07-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Nature Portfolio
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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