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  1. Article ; Online: IL-1α is required for T cell-driven weight loss after respiratory viral infection.

    Wang, Ziyin / Cuthbertson, Leah F / Thomas, Chubicka / Sallah, Hadijatou J / Mosscrop, Lucy G / Li, Haoyuan / Talts, Tiina / Kumar, Kartik / Moffatt, Miriam F / Tregoning, John S

    Mucosal immunology

    2024  Volume 17, Issue 2, Page(s) 272–287

    Abstract: Respiratory viral infections remain a major cause of hospitalization and death worldwide. Patients with respiratory infections often lose weight. While acute weight loss is speculated to be a tolerance mechanism to limit pathogen growth, severe weight ... ...

    Abstract Respiratory viral infections remain a major cause of hospitalization and death worldwide. Patients with respiratory infections often lose weight. While acute weight loss is speculated to be a tolerance mechanism to limit pathogen growth, severe weight loss following infection can cause quality of life deterioration. Despite the clinical relevance of respiratory infection-induced weight loss, its mechanism is not yet completely understood. We utilized a model of CD 8
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Animals ; Mice ; Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infections ; T-Lymphocytes ; Interleukin-1alpha ; Quality of Life ; Lung ; Interleukin-1 ; Weight Loss ; Mice, Inbred BALB C
    Chemical Substances Interleukin-1alpha ; Interleukin-1
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-02-19
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2411370-0
    ISSN 1935-3456 ; 1933-0219
    ISSN (online) 1935-3456
    ISSN 1933-0219
    DOI 10.1016/j.mucimm.2024.02.005
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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    In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

    Zs.A 6796: Show issues Location:
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    ab Jg. 2022: Lesesaal (EG)

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  2. Article ; Online: Robust and sensitive amplicon-based whole-genome sequencing assay of respiratory syncytial virus subtype A and B.

    Talts, Tiina / Mosscrop, Lucy G / Williams, David / Tregoning, John S / Paulo, Whitney / Kohli, Arinder / Williams, Thomas C / Hoschler, Katja / Ellis, Joanna / Lusignan, Simon de / Zambon, Maria

    Microbiology spectrum

    2024  Volume 12, Issue 4, Page(s) e0306723

    Abstract: Prevention of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection is now a global health priority, with a long-acting monoclonal antibody and two RSV vaccines recently licenced for clinical use. Most licenced and candidate interventions target the RSV fusion ( ... ...

    Abstract Prevention of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection is now a global health priority, with a long-acting monoclonal antibody and two RSV vaccines recently licenced for clinical use. Most licenced and candidate interventions target the RSV fusion (RSV-F) protein. New interventions may be associated with the spread of mutations, reducing susceptibility to antibody neutralization in RSV-F. There is a need for ongoing longitudinal global surveillance of circulating RSV strains. To achieve this large-scale genomic surveillance, a reliable, high-throughput RSV sequencing assay is required. Here we report an improved high-throughput RSV whole-genome sequencing (WGS) assay performed directly on clinical samples without additional enrichment, using a 4-primer-pool, short-amplicon PCR-tiling approach that is suitable for short-read sequencing platforms. Using upper respiratory tract (URT) RSV-positive clinical samples obtained from a sentinel network of primary care providers and from hospital patients (29.7% and 70.2%, respectively;
    Importance: In this paper, we report an improved high-throughput respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) whole-genome sequencing (WGS) assay performed directly on clinical samples, using a 4-primer-pool, short-amplicon PCR-tiling approach that is suitable for short-read sequencing platforms. The RSV WGS approach described in this study has increased sensitivity compared to previous approaches and can be applied to clinical specimens without the requirement for enrichment. The updated approach produces sequences of high quality consistently and cost-effectively, suitable for implementation to underpin national and global programs for the surveillance of RSV genomic variation. The quality of sequence produced is essential for preparedness for new interventions in monitoring antigenic escape, where a single point mutation might lead to a reduction in antibody binding effectiveness and neutralizing activity, or indeed in the monitoring of retaining susceptibility to neutralization by existing and new interventions.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Viral Fusion Proteins/genetics ; Respiratory Syncytial Virus, Human/genetics ; Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infections/diagnosis ; Antibodies, Monoclonal ; High-Throughput Nucleotide Sequencing
    Chemical Substances Viral Fusion Proteins ; Antibodies, Monoclonal
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-02-27
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2807133-5
    ISSN 2165-0497 ; 2165-0497
    ISSN (online) 2165-0497
    ISSN 2165-0497
    DOI 10.1128/spectrum.03067-23
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article ; Online: Paediatric acute hepatitis of unknown aetiology: a national investigation and adenoviraemia case-control study in the UK.

    Mandal, Sema / Simmons, Ruth / Ireland, Georgina / Charlett, Andre / Desai, Monica / Coughlan, Laura / Powell, Annabel / Leeman, David / Williams, Christopher / Neill, Claire / O'Leary, Maureen C / Sawyer, Clare / Rowley, Frances / Harris, Caroline / Houlihan, Catherine / Gordon, Claire / Rampling, Tommy / Callaby, Helen / Hoschler, Katja /
    Cogdale, Jade / Renz, Erik / Sebastianpilli, Praveen / Thompson, Catherine / Talts, Tiina / Celma, Cristina / Davies, Emma A / Ahmad, Shazaad / Machin, Nicholas / Gifford, Laura / Moore, Catherine / Dickson, Elizabeth M / Divala, Titus H / Henderson, David / Li, Kathy / Broadbent, Philip / Ushiro-Lumb, Ines / Humphreys, Clare / Grammatikopoulos, Tassos / Hartley, Jane / Kelgeri, Chayarani / Rajwal, Sanjay / Okike, Ifeanyichukwu / Kelly, Deirdre A / Guiver, Malcolm / Borrow, Ray / Bindra, Renu / Demirjian, Alicia / Brown, Kevin E / Ladhani, Shamez N / Ramsay, Mary E / Bradley, Declan T / Gjini, Ardiana / Roy, Kirsty / Chand, Meera / Zambon, Maria / Watson, Conall H

    The Lancet. Child & adolescent health

    2023  Volume 7, Issue 11, Page(s) 786–796

    Abstract: Background: An increase in acute severe hepatitis of unknown aetiology in previously healthy children in the UK in March, 2022, triggered global case-finding. We aimed to describe UK epidemiological investigations of cases and their possible causes.: ... ...

    Abstract Background: An increase in acute severe hepatitis of unknown aetiology in previously healthy children in the UK in March, 2022, triggered global case-finding. We aimed to describe UK epidemiological investigations of cases and their possible causes.
    Methods: We actively surveilled unexplained paediatric acute hepatitis (transaminase >500 international units per litre) in children younger than 16 years presenting since Jan 1, 2022, through notifications from paediatricians, microbiologists, and paediatric liver units; we collected demographic, clinical, and exposure information. Then, we did a case-control study to investigate the association between adenoviraemia and other viruses and case-status using multivariable Firth penalised logistic regression. Cases aged 1-10 years and tested for adenovirus were included and compared with controls (ie, children admitted to hospital with an acute non-hepatitis illness who had residual blood samples collected between Jan 1 and May 28, 2022, and without known laboratory-confirmed diagnosis or previous adenovirus testing). Controls were frequency-matched on sex, age band, sample months, and nation or supra-region with randomised selection. We explored temporal associations between frequency of circulating viruses identified through routine laboratory pathogen surveillance and occurrence of cases by linear regression. SARS-CoV-2 seropositivity of cases was examined against residual serum from age-matched clinical comparison groups.
    Findings: Between Jan 1 and July 4, 2022, 274 cases were identified (median age 3 years [IQR 2-5]). 131 (48%) participants were male, 142 (52%) were female, and one (<1%) participant had sex data unknown. Jaundice (195 [83%] of 235) and gastrointestinal symptoms (202 [91%] of 222) were common. 15 (5%) children required liver transplantation and none died. Adenovirus was detected in 172 (68%) of 252 participants tested, regardless of sample type; 137 (63%) of 218 samples were positive for adenovirus in the blood. For cases that were successfully genotyped, 58 (81%) of 72 had Ad41F, and 57 were identified as positive via blood samples (six of these were among participants who had undergone a transplant). In the case-control analysis, adenoviraemia was associated with hepatitis case-status (adjusted OR 37·4 [95% CI 15·5-90·3]). Increases in the detection of adenovirus from faecal samples, but not other infectious agents, in routine laboratory pathogen surveillance correlated with hepatitis cases 4 weeks later, which independently suggested an association (β 0·06 [95% CI 0·02-0·11]). No association was identified for SARS-CoV-2 antibody seropositivity.
    Interpretation: We observed an association between adenovirus 41F viraemia and paediatric acute hepatitis. These results can inform diagnostic testing recommendations, clinical management, and exploratory in vitro or clinical studies of paediatric acute hepatitis of unknown aetiology. The role of potential co-factors, including other viruses and host susceptibility, requires further investigation.
    Funding: None.
    MeSH term(s) Child, Preschool ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Acute Disease ; Case-Control Studies ; COVID-19 ; Hepatitis ; SARS-CoV-2 ; United Kingdom/epidemiology
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-09-26
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ISSN 2352-4650
    ISSN (online) 2352-4650
    DOI 10.1016/S2352-4642(23)00215-8
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  4. Article ; Online: Genomic investigations of unexplained acute hepatitis in children.

    Morfopoulou, Sofia / Buddle, Sarah / Torres Montaguth, Oscar Enrique / Atkinson, Laura / Guerra-Assunção, José Afonso / Moradi Marjaneh, Mahdi / Zennezini Chiozzi, Riccardo / Storey, Nathaniel / Campos, Luis / Hutchinson, J Ciaran / Counsell, John R / Pollara, Gabriele / Roy, Sunando / Venturini, Cristina / Antinao Diaz, Juan F / Siam, Ala'a / Tappouni, Luke J / Asgarian, Zeinab / Ng, Joanne /
    Hanlon, Killian S / Lennon, Alexander / McArdle, Andrew / Czap, Agata / Rosenheim, Joshua / Andrade, Catarina / Anderson, Glenn / Lee, Jack C D / Williams, Rachel / Williams, Charlotte A / Tutill, Helena / Bayzid, Nadua / Martin Bernal, Luz Marina / Macpherson, Hannah / Montgomery, Kylie-Ann / Moore, Catherine / Templeton, Kate / Neill, Claire / Holden, Matt / Gunson, Rory / Shepherd, Samantha J / Shah, Priyen / Cooray, Samantha / Voice, Marie / Steele, Michael / Fink, Colin / Whittaker, Thomas E / Santilli, Giorgia / Gissen, Paul / Kaufer, Benedikt B / Reich, Jana / Andreani, Julien / Simmonds, Peter / Alrabiah, Dimah K / Castellano, Sergi / Chikowore, Primrose / Odam, Miranda / Rampling, Tommy / Houlihan, Catherine / Hoschler, Katja / Talts, Tiina / Celma, Cristina / Gonzalez, Suam / Gallagher, Eileen / Simmons, Ruth / Watson, Conall / Mandal, Sema / Zambon, Maria / Chand, Meera / Hatcher, James / De, Surjo / Baillie, Kenneth / Semple, Malcolm Gracie / Martin, Joanne / Ushiro-Lumb, Ines / Noursadeghi, Mahdad / Deheragoda, Maesha / Hadzic, Nedim / Grammatikopoulos, Tassos / Brown, Rachel / Kelgeri, Chayarani / Thalassinos, Konstantinos / Waddington, Simon N / Jacques, Thomas S / Thomson, Emma / Levin, Michael / Brown, Julianne R / Breuer, Judith

    Nature

    2023  Volume 617, Issue 7961, Page(s) 564–573

    Abstract: Since its first identification in Scotland, over 1,000 cases of unexplained paediatric hepatitis in children have been reported worldwide, including 278 cases in the ... ...

    Abstract Since its first identification in Scotland, over 1,000 cases of unexplained paediatric hepatitis in children have been reported worldwide, including 278 cases in the UK
    MeSH term(s) Child ; Humans ; Acute Disease/epidemiology ; Adenovirus Infections, Human/epidemiology ; Adenovirus Infections, Human/immunology ; Adenovirus Infections, Human/virology ; B-Lymphocytes/immunology ; Gene Expression Profiling ; Genomics ; Hepatitis/epidemiology ; Hepatitis/immunology ; Hepatitis/virology ; Immunohistochemistry ; Liver/immunology ; Liver/virology ; Proteomics ; T-Lymphocytes/immunology
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-03-30
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 120714-3
    ISSN 1476-4687 ; 0028-0836
    ISSN (online) 1476-4687
    ISSN 0028-0836
    DOI 10.1038/s41586-023-06003-w
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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    ab Jg. 2022: Lesesaal (EG)
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