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  1. Article ; Online: Age-related differences in the error-related negativity and error positivity in children and adolescents are moderated by sample and methodological characteristics: A meta-analysis.

    Boen, Rune / Quintana, Daniel S / Ladouceur, Cecile D / Tamnes, Christian K

    Psychophysiology

    2022  Volume 59, Issue 6, Page(s) e14003

    Abstract: The error-related negativity (ERN) and the error positivity (Pe) are electrophysiological components associated with error processing that are thought to exhibit distinctive developmental trajectories from childhood to adulthood. To investigate the age ... ...

    Abstract The error-related negativity (ERN) and the error positivity (Pe) are electrophysiological components associated with error processing that are thought to exhibit distinctive developmental trajectories from childhood to adulthood. To investigate the age and age moderation effects on the ERN and the Pe strength during development, we conducted a preregistered three-level meta-analysis synthesizing 120 and 41 effect sizes across 18 group comparison studies and 19 correlational studies, respectively. The meta-analysis included studies with mean age between 3.6 and 28.7 (min-max age range: 3.5 and 49.8) years for age-group comparisons and 6.1 to 18.7 (min-max age range: 4.0-35.7) years for age correlations. Results showed that age was associated with a more negative ERN (SMD = -.433, r = -.230). No statistically significant association between age and the Pe was found (SMD = .059, r = -.091), except for in a group comparison between younger and older adolescents. The age effects were not significantly moderated by whether a Flanker or a Go/No-Go task was used, whereas a probabilistic learning task moderated the age effect on the Pe. Moreover, the Fz and Cz electrode sites yielded stronger negative associations between age and the ERN and the Pe, respectively. The results confirm that the ERN and the Pe show differential development courses and suggest that sample and methodological characteristics influence the age effects, and lay the foundation for investigations of developmental patterns of the ERN and the Pe in relation to psychopathology and early genetic and environmental risk factors.
    MeSH term(s) Adolescent ; Adult ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Electroencephalography ; Evoked Potentials/physiology ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; Psychomotor Performance/physiology ; Reaction Time/physiology ; Young Adult
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-02-06
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Meta-Analysis ; Review ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 209486-1
    ISSN 1540-5958 ; 0048-5772
    ISSN (online) 1540-5958
    ISSN 0048-5772
    DOI 10.1111/psyp.14003
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article ; Online: Development of white matter microstructure and executive functions during childhood and adolescence: a review of diffusion MRI studies.

    Goddings, Anne-Lise / Roalf, David / Lebel, Catherine / Tamnes, Christian K

    Developmental cognitive neuroscience

    2021  Volume 51, Page(s) 101008

    Abstract: Diffusion magnetic resonance imaging (dMRI) provides indirect measures of white matter microstructure that can be used to make inferences about structural connectivity within the brain. Over the last decade, a growing literature of cross-sectional and ... ...

    Abstract Diffusion magnetic resonance imaging (dMRI) provides indirect measures of white matter microstructure that can be used to make inferences about structural connectivity within the brain. Over the last decade, a growing literature of cross-sectional and longitudinal studies have documented relationships between dMRI indices and cognitive development. In this review, we provide a brief overview of dMRI methods and how they can be used to study white matter and connectivity and review the extant literature examining the links between dMRI indices and executive functions during development. We explore the links between white matter microstructure and specific executive functions: inhibition, working memory and cognitive shifting, as well as performance on complex executive function tasks. Concordance in findings across studies are highlighted, and potential explanations for discrepancies between results, together with challenges with using dMRI in child and adolescent populations, are discussed. Finally, we explore future directions that are necessary to better understand the links between child and adolescent development of structural connectivity of the brain and executive functions.
    MeSH term(s) Adolescent ; Brain/diagnostic imaging ; Child ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Diffusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Diffusion Tensor Imaging ; Executive Function ; Humans ; White Matter/diagnostic imaging
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-08-25
    Publishing country Netherlands
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Review
    ZDB-ID 2572271-2
    ISSN 1878-9307 ; 1878-9307
    ISSN (online) 1878-9307
    ISSN 1878-9307
    DOI 10.1016/j.dcn.2021.101008
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article ; Online: Best Practices in Structural Neuroimaging of Neurodevelopmental Disorders.

    Backhausen, Lea L / Herting, Megan M / Tamnes, Christian K / Vetter, Nora C

    Neuropsychology review

    2021  Volume 32, Issue 2, Page(s) 400–418

    Abstract: Structural magnetic resonance imaging (sMRI) offers immense potential for increasing our understanding of how anatomical brain development relates to clinical symptoms and functioning in neurodevelopmental disorders. Clinical developmental sMRI may help ... ...

    Abstract Structural magnetic resonance imaging (sMRI) offers immense potential for increasing our understanding of how anatomical brain development relates to clinical symptoms and functioning in neurodevelopmental disorders. Clinical developmental sMRI may help identify neurobiological risk factors or markers that may ultimately assist in diagnosis and treatment. However, researchers and clinicians aiming to conduct sMRI studies of neurodevelopmental disorders face several methodological challenges. This review offers hands-on guidelines for clinical developmental sMRI. First, we present brain morphometry metrics and review evidence on typical developmental trajectories throughout adolescence, together with atypical trajectories in selected neurodevelopmental disorders. Next, we discuss challenges and good scientific practices in study design, image acquisition and analysis, and recent options to implement quality control. Finally, we discuss choices related to statistical analysis and interpretation of results. We call for greater completeness and transparency in the reporting of methods to advance understanding of structural brain alterations in neurodevelopmental disorders.
    MeSH term(s) Adolescent ; Brain/diagnostic imaging ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging/methods ; Neurodevelopmental Disorders/diagnostic imaging ; Neuroimaging/methods
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-04-24
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Review ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
    ZDB-ID 1062572-0
    ISSN 1573-6660 ; 1040-7308
    ISSN (online) 1573-6660
    ISSN 1040-7308
    DOI 10.1007/s11065-021-09496-2
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  4. Article ; Online: [Formula: see text]Unity or diversity of executive functioning in children and adolescents with post-traumatic stress symptoms? A systematic review and meta-analysis.

    Nyvold, Otelie / Nygaard, Egil / Augusti, Else-Marie / Tamnes, Christian K

    Child neuropsychology : a journal on normal and abnormal development in childhood and adolescence

    2021  Volume 28, Issue 3, Page(s) 374–393

    Abstract: For some children, psychological reactions to a traumatic event develop into severe or persistent post-traumatic stress symptoms (PTSS) or the clinical condition of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Cognitive problems in children with PTSS have been ...

    Abstract For some children, psychological reactions to a traumatic event develop into severe or persistent post-traumatic stress symptoms (PTSS) or the clinical condition of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Cognitive problems in children with PTSS have been reported, but it is not clear which specific functions are affected. Executive functions is a domain of particular interest, given its importance for academic performance and social and emotional functioning. A systematic literature search was performed, and 12 studies with 55 comparisons of executive functions in children with PTSS and healthy controls were eligible for meta-analysis. A subset of the studies also included a comparison group of children with traumatic experienced but without PTSS. Overall, across all tasks and measures, children with PTSS showed lower executive functioning than healthy controls (SMD = -0.57). The effect sizes between the subdomains complex tasks, verbal fluency, inhibition, shifting and working memory were not significantly different from each other, but was largest for verbal fluency (SMD = -1.45). Analyses comparing children with traumatic experiences with and without PTSS similarly showed overall lower executive functioning in the PTSS group (SMD = -0.34) and no significant differences in effect sizes between subdomains. The results have implications for assessment and clinical work with youth exposed to traumatic events. We should be aware of the poor executive functioning that may be an issue for some children with a history of trauma and subsequent development of PTSS, and the impact this could have on everyday functioning.
    MeSH term(s) Adolescent ; Child ; Emotions ; Executive Function ; Humans ; Problem Behavior ; Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic/diagnosis
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-09-23
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Meta-Analysis ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Review ; Systematic Review
    ZDB-ID 1262599-1
    ISSN 1744-4136 ; 0929-7049
    ISSN (online) 1744-4136
    ISSN 0929-7049
    DOI 10.1080/09297049.2021.1979950
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  5. Article: Associations between reproductive history, hormone use,

    Lindseth, Linn R S / de Lange, Ann-Marie G / van der Meer, Dennis / Agartz, Ingrid / Westlye, Lars T / Tamnes, Christian K / Barth, Claudia

    Frontiers in aging neuroscience

    2023  Volume 14, Page(s) 1014605

    Abstract: Introduction: Relative to men, women are at a higher risk of developing age-related neurocognitive disorders including Alzheimer's disease. While women's health has historically been understudied, emerging evidence suggests that reproductive life events ...

    Abstract Introduction: Relative to men, women are at a higher risk of developing age-related neurocognitive disorders including Alzheimer's disease. While women's health has historically been understudied, emerging evidence suggests that reproductive life events such as pregnancy and hormone use may influence women's cognition later in life.
    Methods: We investigated the associations between reproductive history, exogenous hormone use, apolipoprotein (
    Results: A longer reproductive span, older age at menopause, older age at first and last birth, and use of hormonal contraceptives were positively associated with cognitive performance later in life. Number of live births, hysterectomy without oophorectomy and use of hormone therapy showed mixed findings, with task-specific positive and negative associations. Effect sizes were generally small (Cohen's
    Discussion: Our findings support previous evidence of associations between a broad range of female-specific factors and cognition. The positive association between a history of hormonal contraceptive use and cognition later in life showed the largest effect sizes (max.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-01-19
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2558898-9
    ISSN 1663-4365
    ISSN 1663-4365
    DOI 10.3389/fnagi.2022.1014605
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  6. Article ; Online: Development of prosocial behavior and inhibitory control in late childhood: A longitudinal exploration of sex differences and reciprocal relations.

    Ferschmann, Lia / Overweg, Ingrid / Dégeilh, Fanny / Bekkhus, Mona / Havdahl, Alexandra / von Soest, Tilmann / Tamnes, Christian K

    Child development

    2023  Volume 95, Issue 1, Page(s) 313–323

    Abstract: This study examined longitudinal development of prosocial behavior, assessed by the parent-reported Strength and Difficulty Questionnaire, and inhibitory control, measured by the Opposite Worlds Task, in a sample aged 9 and 12 years (n = 9468, 49.9% ... ...

    Abstract This study examined longitudinal development of prosocial behavior, assessed by the parent-reported Strength and Difficulty Questionnaire, and inhibitory control, measured by the Opposite Worlds Task, in a sample aged 9 and 12 years (n = 9468, 49.9% girls, 85.8% White) from the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children. The goal was to assess whether the level of prosocial behavior at age 9 relates to change in inhibitory control, and vice versa. Sex differences were also explored. Latent change score models showed that low inhibitory control in boys at age 9 was associated with more decreases in prosocial behavior from 9 to 12 years of age. This may suggest that interventions targeting inhibitory control in boys may also foster their social competence.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Child ; Male ; Female ; Social Behavior ; Altruism ; Sex Characteristics ; Longitudinal Studies ; Parents
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-07-31
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 215602-7
    ISSN 1467-8624 ; 0009-3920
    ISSN (online) 1467-8624
    ISSN 0009-3920
    DOI 10.1111/cdev.13978
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  7. Article ; Online: Social problems and brain structure development following childhood mild traumatic brain injury.

    Dégeilh, Fanny / von Soest, Tilmann / Ferschmann, Lia / Beer, Joanne C / Gaubert, Malo / Koerte, Inga K / Tamnes, Christian K

    Cortex; a journal devoted to the study of the nervous system and behavior

    2023  Volume 162, Page(s) 26–37

    Abstract: Childhood mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) is associated with elevated risk of developing social problems, which may be underpinned by changes in the structural developmental trajectory of the social brain, a network of cortical regions supporting ... ...

    Abstract Childhood mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) is associated with elevated risk of developing social problems, which may be underpinned by changes in the structural developmental trajectory of the social brain, a network of cortical regions supporting social cognition and behavior. However, limited sample sizes and cross-sectional designs generally used in neuroimaging studies of pediatric TBI have prevented explorations of this hypothesis. This longitudinal retrospective study examined the development of parent-reported social problems and cortical thickness in social brain regions following childhood mTBI using data from the large population-based Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) Study. Two-group latent change score models revealed different developmental trajectories from ages 10-12 years in the level of social problems between children with (n = 345) and without (n = 7,089) mTBI. Children with mTBI showed higher, but non-clinical, levels of social problems than controls at age 10. Then, social problems decreased over 2 years, but still remained higher, but non-clinical, than in controls in which they stayed stable. Both groups showed similar decreases in social brain cortical thickness between ages 10 and 12 years. Further studies providing detailed information on the injury mechanism and acute symptoms are needed to better understand individual differences in social functioning and brain development in pediatric TBI.
    MeSH term(s) Adolescent ; Child ; Humans ; Brain Concussion/diagnostic imaging ; Brain Concussion/psychology ; Retrospective Studies ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Brain/diagnostic imaging ; Social Problems ; Brain Injuries, Traumatic/diagnostic imaging
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-02-27
    Publishing country Italy
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 280622-8
    ISSN 1973-8102 ; 0010-9452
    ISSN (online) 1973-8102
    ISSN 0010-9452
    DOI 10.1016/j.cortex.2023.02.003
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  8. Article ; Online: Genetic and brain similarity independently predict childhood anthropometrics and neighborhood socioeconomic conditions.

    Dahl, Andreas / Eilertsen, Espen M / Rodriguez-Cabello, Sara F / Norbom, Linn B / Tandberg, Anneli D / Leonardsen, Esten / Lee, Sang Hong / Ystrom, Eivind / Tamnes, Christian K / Alnæs, Dag / Westlye, Lars T

    Developmental cognitive neuroscience

    2024  Volume 65, Page(s) 101339

    Abstract: Linking the developing brain with individual differences in clinical and demographic traits is challenging due to the substantial interindividual heterogeneity of brain anatomy and organization. Here we employ an integrative approach that parses ... ...

    Abstract Linking the developing brain with individual differences in clinical and demographic traits is challenging due to the substantial interindividual heterogeneity of brain anatomy and organization. Here we employ an integrative approach that parses individual differences in both cortical thickness and common genetic variants, and assess their effects on a wide set of childhood traits. The approach uses a linear mixed model framework to obtain the unique effects of each type of similarity, as well as their covariance. We employ this approach in a sample of 7760 unrelated children in the ABCD cohort baseline sample (mean age 9.9, 46.8% female). In general, associations between cortical thickness similarity and traits were limited to anthropometrics such as height, weight, and birth weight, as well as a marker of neighborhood socioeconomic conditions. Common genetic variants explained significant proportions of variance across nearly all included outcomes, although estimates were somewhat lower than previous reports. No significant covariance of the effects of genetic and cortical thickness similarity was found. The present findings highlight the connection between anthropometrics as well as neighborhood socioeconomic conditions and the developing brain, which appear to be independent from individual differences in common genetic variants in this population-based sample.
    MeSH term(s) Child ; Humans ; Female ; Male ; Phenotype ; Brain ; Socioeconomic Factors
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-01-04
    Publishing country Netherlands
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2572271-2
    ISSN 1878-9307 ; 1878-9307
    ISSN (online) 1878-9307
    ISSN 1878-9307
    DOI 10.1016/j.dcn.2023.101339
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  9. Article ; Online: Parental education and income are linked to offspring cortical brain structure and psychopathology at 9-11 years.

    Norbom, Linn B / Rokicki, Jaroslav / Eilertsen, Espen M / Wiker, Thea / Hanson, Jamie / Dahl, Andreas / Alnæs, Dag / Fernández-Cabello, Sara / Beck, Dani / Agartz, Ingrid / Andreassen, Ole A / Westlye, Lars T / Tamnes, Christian K

    JCPP advances

    2024  Volume 4, Issue 1, Page(s) e12220

    Abstract: Background: A child's socioeconomic environment can shape central aspects of their life, including vulnerability to mental disorders. Negative environmental influences in youth may interfere with the extensive and dynamic brain development occurring at ... ...

    Abstract Background: A child's socioeconomic environment can shape central aspects of their life, including vulnerability to mental disorders. Negative environmental influences in youth may interfere with the extensive and dynamic brain development occurring at this time. Indeed, there are numerous yet diverging reports of associations between parental socioeconomic status (SES) and child cortical brain morphometry. Most of these studies have used single metric- or unimodal analyses of standard cortical morphometry that downplay the probable scenario where numerous biological pathways
    Methods: To comprehensively capture such variability, using data from 9758 children aged 8.9-11.1 years from the ABCD Study
    Results: Parental education and income were both associated with larger surface area and higher GWC globally, in addition to local increases in surface area and to a lesser extent bidirectional GWC and cortical thickness patterns. The negative relation between parental income and child psychopathology were attenuated in children with a multimodal pattern of larger frontal- and smaller occipital surface area, and lower medial occipital thickness and GWC.
    Conclusion: Structural brain MRI is sensitive to SES diversity in childhood, with GWC emerging as a particularly relevant marker together with surface area. In low-income families, having a more developed cortex across MRI metrics, appears beneficial for mental health.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-02-06
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ISSN 2692-9384
    ISSN (online) 2692-9384
    DOI 10.1002/jcv2.12220
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  10. Article ; Online: White Matter Microstructure in Early-Onset Schizophrenia: A Systematic Review of Diffusion Tensor Imaging Studies.

    Tamnes, Christian K / Agartz, Ingrid

    Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry

    2016  Volume 55, Issue 4, Page(s) 269–279

    Abstract: Objective: Neurodevelopmental processes and neural connectivity are thought to play pivotal roles in schizophrenia. This article reviews diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) studies of brain white matter connections and microstructure and their development in ...

    Abstract Objective: Neurodevelopmental processes and neural connectivity are thought to play pivotal roles in schizophrenia. This article reviews diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) studies of brain white matter connections and microstructure and their development in patients with early-onset schizophrenia (EOS), that is, schizophrenia with an age of onset before 18 years.
    Method: A systematic literature search revealed 21 original case-control DTI studies of children and/or adolescents with EOS.
    Results: Nearly all studies report significantly lower regional fractional anisotropy (FA) in patients with EOS than in healthy control participants. However, the anatomical locations and extent of these differences are highly variable across studies. Furthermore, consistent evidence for associations between DTI indices and age of onset, medication variables, and measures of symptomatology and cognition in EOS is lacking. Only 3 available studies have investigated cross-sectional age-related differences or longitudinal changes in DTI measures in adolescents with EOS. The results are mixed, with different studies indicating diverging, converging, or parallel developmental FA trajectories between patients and controls.
    Conclusion: The study of brain structural connectivity, as inferred from DTI, and its development in EOS may inform us on the origin and ontogeny of schizophrenia. We suggest some directions for future research in this field and argue for increased focus on developmental questions. Specifically, further investigations of age of onset effects and multimethod longitudinal studies of structural and functional connectivity development before, at, and after onset of schizophrenia and related syndromes in children and adolescents are called for.
    MeSH term(s) Adolescent ; Brain/diagnostic imaging ; Brain/pathology ; Brain Mapping ; Case-Control Studies ; Child ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Diffusion Tensor Imaging/methods ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Schizophrenia/diagnostic imaging ; Schizophrenia/pathology ; White Matter/physiopathology ; White Matter/ultrastructure
    Language English
    Publishing date 2016-04
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Review
    ZDB-ID 392535-3
    ISSN 1527-5418 ; 0890-8567
    ISSN (online) 1527-5418
    ISSN 0890-8567
    DOI 10.1016/j.jaac.2016.01.004
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