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Article ; Online: Hypertrophic herpes simplex virus 2 infection resistant to acyclovir in an immunosuppressed patient.

Tan, Charlie / Billick, Maxime J / Gold, Wayne L

CMAJ : Canadian Medical Association journal = journal de l'Association medicale canadienne

2023 Volume 195, Issue 13, Page(s) E479–E482

MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Acyclovir/therapeutic use ; Herpesvirus 2, Human ; Herpes Simplex/drug therapy ; Immunocompromised Host ; Antiviral Agents/therapeutic use
Chemical Substances	Acyclovir (X4HES1O11F) ; Antiviral Agents
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-04-01
Publishing country	Canada
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	215506-0
ISSN	1488-2329 ; 0008-4409 ; 0820-3946
ISSN (online)	1488-2329
ISSN	0008-4409 ; 0820-3946
DOI	10.1503/cmaj.221481
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Article ; Online: [No title information]

Tan, Charlie / Billick, Maxime J / Gold, Wayne L

CMAJ : Canadian Medical Association journal = journal de l'Association medicale canadienne

2023 Volume 195, Issue 26, Page(s) E913–E917

Title translation	Infection hypertrophique par le virus de l’herpès simplex de type 2 résistante à l’acyclovir chez un patient immunodéprimé.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Herpesvirus 2, Human ; Acyclovir ; Herpes Simplex ; Immunocompromised Host
Chemical Substances	Acyclovir (X4HES1O11F)
Language	French
Publishing date	2023-07-10
Publishing country	Canada
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	215506-0
ISSN	1488-2329 ; 0008-4409 ; 0820-3946
ISSN (online)	1488-2329
ISSN	0008-4409 ; 0820-3946
DOI	10.1503/cmaj.221481-f
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Article ; Online: Incidence and outcomes of hospital-associated coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) before and after emergence of the severe acute respiratory coronavirus virus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) omicron variant.

Williams, Victoria R / Tan, Charlie / Kozak, Robert / Leis, Jerome A

Infection control and hospital epidemiology

2023 Volume 44, Issue 10, Page(s) 1698–1700

MeSH term(s)	Humans ; COVID-19/epidemiology ; Incidence ; SARS-CoV-2 ; Virus Diseases ; Male ; Female ; Middle Aged ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Cross Infection
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-03-06
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	639378-0
ISSN	1559-6834 ; 0195-9417 ; 0899-823X
ISSN (online)	1559-6834
ISSN	0195-9417 ; 0899-823X
DOI	10.1017/ice.2023.29
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Article ; Online: [No title information]

Tan, Charlie / Howard, James L / Bondy, Lise

CMAJ : Canadian Medical Association journal = journal de l'Association medicale canadienne

2021 Volume 193, Issue 2, Page(s) E74–E77

Title translation	Infection à
MeSH term(s)	Aged, 80 and over ; Arthroplasty, Replacement, Hip/adverse effects ; Female ; Gram-Positive Bacterial Infections/diagnosis ; Gram-Positive Bacterial Infections/diagnostic imaging ; Gram-Positive Bacterial Infections/microbiology ; Humans ; Lactobacillus paracasei ; Prosthesis-Related Infections/diagnosis ; Prosthesis-Related Infections/diagnostic imaging ; Prosthesis-Related Infections/microbiology ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed
Language	French
Publishing date	2021-01-09
Publishing country	Canada
Document type	Case Reports ; Journal Article
ZDB-ID	215506-0
ISSN	1488-2329 ; 0008-4409 ; 0820-3946
ISSN (online)	1488-2329
ISSN	0008-4409 ; 0820-3946
DOI	10.1503/cmaj.201106-f
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Article ; Online: Prosthetic joint infection after total hip arthroplasty caused by

Tan, Charlie / Howard, James L / Bondy, Lise

CMAJ : Canadian Medical Association journal = journal de l'Association medicale canadienne

2020 Volume 192, Issue 44, Page(s) E1357–E1360

MeSH term(s)	Aged, 80 and over ; Anti-Bacterial Agents/therapeutic use ; Arthroplasty, Replacement, Hip ; Cefazolin/therapeutic use ; Ceftriaxone/therapeutic use ; Female ; Gram-Positive Bacterial Infections/diagnosis ; Gram-Positive Bacterial Infections/therapy ; Hip Joint/diagnostic imaging ; Hip Joint/microbiology ; Hip Joint/surgery ; Humans ; Lactobacillus paracasei/isolation & purification ; Prosthesis-Related Infections/microbiology ; Prosthesis-Related Infections/therapy ; Reoperation ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed
Chemical Substances	Anti-Bacterial Agents ; Ceftriaxone (75J73V1629) ; Cefazolin (IHS69L0Y4T)
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-10-08
Publishing country	Canada
Document type	Case Reports ; Journal Article
ZDB-ID	215506-0
ISSN	1488-2329 ; 0008-4409 ; 0820-3946
ISSN (online)	1488-2329
ISSN	0008-4409 ; 0820-3946
DOI	10.1503/cmaj.201106
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Article ; Online: Bloodstream infection and ventilator-associated pneumonia in patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) supported by extracorporeal membrane oxygenation.

Tan, Charlie / Hota, Susy S / Fan, Eddy / Marquis, Krista / Vicencio, Elisa / Vaisman, Alon

Infection control and hospital epidemiology

2022 Volume 44, Issue 9, Page(s) 1443–1450

Abstract: Objective: Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) has been widely used in the care of patients with respiratory failure from coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). We characterized bloodstream infections (BSIs) and ventilator-associated pneumonias ( ... ...

Abstract	Objective: Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) has been widely used in the care of patients with respiratory failure from coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). We characterized bloodstream infections (BSIs) and ventilator-associated pneumonias (VAPs) in COVID-19 patients supported with ECMO, and we investigated their impact on patient outcomes. Design: Retrospective cohort study from March 1, 2020, to June 30, 2021. Setting: Academic tertiary-care referral center. Patients: Consecutive adult patients admitted for COVID-19 who received ECMO. Methods: We identified BSIs and VAPs and described their epidemiology and microbiology. Cumulative antimicrobial use and the specific management of BSIs were determined. Multivariate time-dependent Cox proportional hazards models were constructed to evaluate the impact of BSIs and VAPs on mortality, controlling for age, receipt of COVID-19-specific therapeutics, and new renal replacement therapy. Results: We identified 136 patients who received ECMO for COVID-19 pneumonia during the study period. BSIs and VAPs occurred in 81 patients (59.6%) and 93 patients (68.4%), respectively. The incidence of BSIs was 29.5 per 1,000 ECMO days and increased with duration of ECMO cannulation. Enterococci, Enterobacterales, and Conclusions: BSIs and VAPs are common in COVID-19 ECMO-supported patients. Efforts to optimize their diagnosis, prevention, and management should be prioritized.
MeSH term(s)	Adult ; Humans ; COVID-19/epidemiology ; COVID-19/therapy ; COVID-19/etiology ; Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation/adverse effects ; Pneumonia, Ventilator-Associated/drug therapy ; Pneumonia, Ventilator-Associated/epidemiology ; Pneumonia, Ventilator-Associated/etiology ; Retrospective Studies ; Staphylococcus aureus ; Sepsis/etiology
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-12-01
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	639378-0
ISSN	1559-6834 ; 0195-9417 ; 0899-823X
ISSN (online)	1559-6834
ISSN	0195-9417 ; 0899-823X
DOI	10.1017/ice.2022.290
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Article ; Online: An ethical framework adapted for infection prevention and control.

Tan, Charlie / Ofner, Marianna / Candon, Heather L / Reel, Kevin / Bean, Sally / Chan, Adrienne K / Leis, Jerome A

Infection control and hospital epidemiology

2023 Volume 44, Issue 12, Page(s) 2044–2049

Abstract: Objective: The ethical implications of infection prevention and control (IPAC) are recognized, yet a framework to guide the application of ethical principles is lacking. We adapted an ethical framework to provide a systematic approach for fair and ... ...

Abstract	Objective: The ethical implications of infection prevention and control (IPAC) are recognized, yet a framework to guide the application of ethical principles is lacking. We adapted an ethical framework to provide a systematic approach for fair and transparent IPAC decision making. Methods: We conducted a literature search for existing ethical frameworks in IPAC. Working with practicing healthcare ethicists, an existing ethical framework was adapted for use in IPAC. Indications were developed for application to practice, with integration of ethical principles and process conditions specifically relevant to IPAC. Practical refinements were made to the framework based on end-user feedback and application to 2 real-world situations. Results: In total, 7 articles were identified that discussed ethical principles within IPAC, but none proposed a systematic framework to guide ethical decision making. The adapted framework, named the Ethical Infection Prevention and Control (EIPAC) framework, takes the user through 4 intuitive and actionable steps, centering key ethical principles that facilitate reasoned and just decision making. In applying the EIPAC framework to practice, weighing the predefined ethical principles in different scenarios was a challenge. Although no hierarchy of principles can apply to all contexts in IPAC, our experience highlighted that the equitable distribution of benefits and burdens, and the proportional impacts of options under review, are particularly important considerations for IPAC. Conclusions: The EIPAC framework can serve as an actionable ethical principles-based decision-making tool for use by IPAC professionals encountering complex situations in any healthcare context.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Delivery of Health Care ; Communicable Disease Control ; Cross Infection/prevention & control
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-07-10
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	639378-0
ISSN	1559-6834 ; 0195-9417 ; 0899-823X
ISSN (online)	1559-6834
ISSN	0195-9417 ; 0899-823X
DOI	10.1017/ice.2023.121
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Article ; Online: Influenza outbreak management tabletop exercise for congregate living settings.

Chan, Christina K / Leis, Jerome A / Candon, Heather / Thomas, Neethu R / O'Brien, Jaclyn / Callahan, James / Pascual, Brigitte / Ofner, Marianna / Fazalullasha, Fatima / Chan, Adrienne K / Powis, Jeff E / Tan, Charlie

Antimicrobial stewardship & healthcare epidemiology : ASHE

2024 Volume 4, Issue 1, Page(s) e4

Abstract: We conducted a tabletop exercise on influenza outbreak preparedness that engaged a large group of congregate living settings (CLS), with improvements in self-reported knowledge and readiness. This proactive approach to responding to communicable disease ... ...

Abstract	We conducted a tabletop exercise on influenza outbreak preparedness that engaged a large group of congregate living settings (CLS), with improvements in self-reported knowledge and readiness. This proactive approach to responding to communicable disease threats has potential to build infection prevention and control capacity beyond COVID-19 in the CLS sector.
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-01-11
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ISSN	2732-494X
ISSN (online)	2732-494X
DOI	10.1017/ash.2023.528
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Article: Biological, psychological and social processes that explain celebrities' influence on patients' health-related behaviors.

Hoffman, Steven J / Tan, Charlie

Archives of public health = Archives belges de sante publique

2015 Volume 73, Issue 1, Page(s) 3

Abstract: Background: Celebrities can have substantial influence as medical advisors. However, their impact on public health is equivocal: depending on the advice's validity and applicability, celebrity engagements can benefit or hinder efforts to educate ... ...

Abstract	Background: Celebrities can have substantial influence as medical advisors. However, their impact on public health is equivocal: depending on the advice's validity and applicability, celebrity engagements can benefit or hinder efforts to educate patients on evidence-based practices and improve their health literacy. This meta-narrative analysis synthesizes multiple disciplinary insights explaining the influence celebrities have on people's health-related behaviors. Methods: Systematic searches of electronic databases BusinessSource Complete, Communication & Mass Media Complete, Humanities Abstracts, ProQuest Political Science, PsycINFO, PubMed, and Sociology Abstracts were conducted. Retrieved articles were used to inform a conceptual analysis of the possible processes accounting for the substantial influence celebrities may have as medical advisors. Results: Fourteen mechanisms of celebrity influence were identified. According to the economics literature, celebrities distinguish endorsed items from competitors and can catalyze herd behavior. Marketing studies tell us that celebrities' characteristics are transferred to endorsed products, and that the most successful celebrity advisors are those viewed as credible, a perception they can create with their success. Neuroscience research supports these explanations, finding that celebrity endorsements activate brain regions involved in making positive associations, building trust and encoding memories. The psychology literature tells us that celebrity advice conditions people to react positively toward it. People are also inclined to follow celebrities if the advice matches their self-conceptions or if not following it would generate cognitive dissonance. Sociology explains how celebrities' advice spreads through social networks, how their influence is a manifestation of people's desire to acquire celebrities' social capital, and how they affect the ways people acquire and interpret health information. Conclusion: There are clear and deeply rooted biological, psychological and social processes that explain how celebrities influence people's health behaviors. With a better understanding of this phenomenon, medical professionals can work to ensure that it is harnessed for good rather than abused for harm. Physicians can discuss with their patients the validity of celebrity advice and share more credible sources of health information. Public health practitioners can debunk celebrities offering unsubstantiated advice or receiving inappropriate financial compensation, and should collaborate with well-meaning celebrities, leveraging their influence to disseminate medical practices of demonstrated benefit.
Language	English
Publishing date	2015-01-19
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1117688-x
ISSN	2049-3258 ; 0778-7367 ; 0003-9578
ISSN (online)	2049-3258
ISSN	0778-7367 ; 0003-9578
DOI	10.1186/2049-3258-73-3
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Article ; Online: Overview of systematic reviews on the health-related effects of government tobacco control policies.

Hoffman, Steven J / Tan, Charlie

BMC public health

2015 Volume 15, Page(s) 744

Abstract: Background: Government interventions are critical to addressing the global tobacco epidemic, a major public health problem that continues to deepen. We systematically synthesize research evidence on the effectiveness of government tobacco control ... ...

Abstract	Background: Government interventions are critical to addressing the global tobacco epidemic, a major public health problem that continues to deepen. We systematically synthesize research evidence on the effectiveness of government tobacco control policies promoted by the Framework Convention on Tobacco Control (FCTC), supporting the implementation of this international treaty on the tenth anniversary of it entering into force. Methods: An overview of systematic reviews was prepared through systematic searches of five electronic databases, published up to March 2014. Additional reviews were retrieved from monthly updates until August 2014, consultations with tobacco control experts and a targeted search for reviews on mass media interventions. Reviews were assessed according to predefined inclusion criteria, and ratings of methodological quality were either extracted from source databases or independently scored. Results: Of 612 reviews retrieved, 45 reviews met the inclusion criteria and 14 more were identified from monthly updates, expert consultations and a targeted search, resulting in 59 included reviews summarizing over 1150 primary studies. The 38 strong and moderate quality reviews published since 2000 were prioritized in the qualitative synthesis. Protecting people from tobacco smoke was the most strongly supported government intervention, with smoke-free policies associated with decreased smoking behaviour, secondhand smoke exposure and adverse health outcomes. Raising taxes on tobacco products also consistently demonstrated reductions in smoking behaviour. Tobacco product packaging interventions and anti-tobacco mass media campaigns may decrease smoking behaviour, with the latter likely an important part of larger multicomponent programs. Financial interventions for smoking cessation are most effective when targeted at smokers to reduce the cost of cessation products, but incentivizing quitting may be effective as well. Although the findings for bans on tobacco advertising were inconclusive, other evidence suggests they remain an important intervention. Conclusion: When designing and implementing tobacco control programs, governments should prioritize smoking bans and price increases of tobacco products followed by other interventions. Additional studies are needed on the various factors that can influence a policy's effectiveness and feasibility such as cost, local context, political barriers and implementation strategies.
MeSH term(s)	Canada ; Government Regulation ; Humans ; Mass Media/statistics & numerical data ; Product Packaging/legislation & jurisprudence ; Public Health/legislation & jurisprudence ; Smoke-Free Policy/legislation & jurisprudence ; Smoking/legislation & jurisprudence ; Smoking Cessation/legislation & jurisprudence ; Smoking Cessation/methods ; Smoking Prevention ; Tobacco Industry/legislation & jurisprudence ; Tobacco Smoke Pollution/legislation & jurisprudence ; Tobacco Use Disorder/prevention & control
Chemical Substances	Tobacco Smoke Pollution
Language	English
Publishing date	2015-08-05
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Review
ISSN	1471-2458
ISSN (online)	1471-2458
DOI	10.1186/s12889-015-2041-6
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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