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  1. Article: Factors influencing physical inactivity among adults in Negeri Sembilan, Peninsular Malaysia.

    Tan, K L

    The Medical journal of Malaysia

    2019  Volume 74, Issue 5, Page(s) 389–393

    Abstract: Background: Physical inactivity remains the most important modifiable risk factor in preventing a variety of noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) and has been identified to be a risk factor for obesity, heart disease and cancers. This study examined the ... ...

    Abstract Background: Physical inactivity remains the most important modifiable risk factor in preventing a variety of noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) and has been identified to be a risk factor for obesity, heart disease and cancers. This study examined the prevalence and factors associated with physical inactivity among the suburban adult population in Port Dickson district, Negeri Sembilan, Peninsular Malaysia.
    Material and methods: This was a community based crosssectional study involving 397 adult respondents conducted in February 2016. Data was collected by face-to-face interview using a structured questionnaire. Data regarding socio-demographic factors (age, gender, ethnicity, education level, marital status and monthly income, working hours), current behavioural stage of physical activity and perceived benefits and barriers to physical activity were collected. Physical activity measured using the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) with the cut-off point of less than 600 met-min per week was considered to be physically inactive.
    Results: The prevalence of physical inactivity among adult population was 36.3%. Factors significantly associated with physical inactivity included age, gender, marital status, working hours and current behavioural stage of physical activity.
    Conclusion: Physical inactivity is high among the adult community in Negeri Sembilan district, Peninsular Malaysia and was strongly associated with age, gender, marital status, working hours and current behavioural stage of physical activity. It is important to identify individuals with physical inactivity and its associated factors early as this could severely affect the quality of life of the individuals.
    MeSH term(s) Adolescent ; Adult ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Exercise/physiology ; Female ; Humans ; Malaysia/epidemiology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Noncommunicable Diseases/epidemiology ; Noncommunicable Diseases/prevention & control ; Noncommunicable Diseases/psychology ; Prevalence ; Quality of Life ; Retrospective Studies ; Risk Factors ; Sedentary Behavior ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Young Adult
    Language English
    Publishing date 2019-10-24
    Publishing country Malaysia
    Document type Journal Article ; Multicenter Study
    ZDB-ID 604286-7
    ISSN 0300-5283
    ISSN 0300-5283
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article: Public Awareness of the Traditional and Complementary Medicine Act Governing Chiropractic in Malaysia: A Survey of Adults in Klang Valley.

    Wong, Yi Kai / Haneline, Michael Thomas / Tan, Kok Leong

    Journal of chiropractic humanities

    2023  Volume 30, Page(s) 16–22

    Abstract: Objective: This study aimed to assess the level of awareness of the traditional and complementary medicine law governing chiropractic among adults in Klang Valley, Malaysia.: Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted of patients attending the ... ...

    Abstract Objective: This study aimed to assess the level of awareness of the traditional and complementary medicine law governing chiropractic among adults in Klang Valley, Malaysia.
    Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted of patients attending the following 4 health care services: medicine, dentistry, pharmacy, and chiropractic. The study ran from July to November 2018. Data were collected through self-administered questionnaires and reported using descriptive statistics. Variables included demographic characteristics and awareness of the Traditional and Complementary Medicine Act 2016 (Act 775).
    Results: We obtained 440 responses, 186 (42.3%) from men and 254 (57.7%) from women, with ages ranging from 18 to 81 years. The majority of respondents (97.3%) were Malaysian from the non-Malay ethnic group. Almost half (47.5%) of the respondents had a bachelor's degree. The awareness of the traditional and complementary medicine law governing chiropractic was low (4.8%). Binary logistic regression revealed marital status as the only significant predictor of awareness of the Traditional and Complementary Medicine Act, with married individuals showing higher awareness (adjusted odds ratio: 2.77; 95% CI, 1.38-5.58).
    Conclusion: For this sample of adults, the awareness of the Traditional and Complementary Medicine Act 2016 governing chiropractic was found to be low. As the regulation of chiropractic is still new in Malaysia and other Asian countries, efforts are needed to increase public awareness to ensure the safety and quality of chiropractic services.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-09-29
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ISSN 1556-3499
    ISSN 1556-3499
    DOI 10.1016/j.echu.2023.08.002
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  3. Article ; Online: Effectiveness of focused extracorporeal shock wave versus manual therapy in postpartum patients with sacroiliac joint dysfunction: a prospective clinical trial.

    Tan, Kuai-Ling / Wang, Rong / Liu, Jiao-Jiao / Peng, Yue / Li, Huan / Li, Cui-Ying

    Journal of orthopaedic surgery and research

    2024  Volume 19, Issue 1, Page(s) 28

    Abstract: Objective: To investigate the effectiveness of focused extracorporeal shock wave therapy (FESWT) in treating postpartum sacroiliac joint (SIJ) dysfunction.: Methods: A total of 90 patients with SIJ dysfunction were included and randomly assigned to ... ...

    Abstract Objective: To investigate the effectiveness of focused extracorporeal shock wave therapy (FESWT) in treating postpartum sacroiliac joint (SIJ) dysfunction.
    Methods: A total of 90 patients with SIJ dysfunction were included and randomly assigned to FESWT, manual therapy (MT), or combination therapy (CT) groups. Pain intensity and Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) score were measured upon admission, after 1 and 2 weeks of treatments. The treatment efficacy and adverse events of each group were also assessed.
    Results: There were no significant differences among three groups regarding clinical data, pain intensity, and ODI score on admission (all P > 0.05). After 1 week of treatment, FESWT exhibited similar pain intensity and lower ODI score (P < 0.001) compared to MT. After 2 weeks of treatment, the pain and ODI in FESWT were similar with MT. The pain in CT was lower than MT after 1 week, but lower than FESWT after 2 weeks. Furthermore, we identified interaction effects between treatment method and duration in relation to pain intensity (F
    Conclusions: Compared to MT, FESWT mainly reduced the ODI score rather than pain after 1 week of treatment. After 2 weeks, the effect of FESWT in relieving the pain was inferior to the MT.
    MeSH term(s) Female ; Humans ; Joint Diseases ; Low Back Pain/therapy ; Musculoskeletal Manipulations/methods ; Prospective Studies ; Sacroiliac Joint ; Treatment Outcome
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-01-03
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Randomized Controlled Trial
    ZDB-ID 2252548-8
    ISSN 1749-799X ; 1749-799X
    ISSN (online) 1749-799X
    ISSN 1749-799X
    DOI 10.1186/s13018-023-04491-0
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  4. Article ; Online: Developing high intensity ultrasonic cleaning (HIUC) for post-processing additively manufactured metal components.

    Tan, W X / Tan, K W / Tan, K L

    Ultrasonics

    2022  Volume 126, Page(s) 106829

    Abstract: The high energy phenomenon of cavitation bubble collapses has enabled numerous applications, including cleaning. In ultrasonic cleaning, cavitation intensity is typically lower than in other applications, such as sonochemistry and material processing. ... ...

    Abstract The high energy phenomenon of cavitation bubble collapses has enabled numerous applications, including cleaning. In ultrasonic cleaning, cavitation intensity is typically lower than in other applications, such as sonochemistry and material processing. However, there has been an emerging application in intense cleaning of metal additively manufactured (AM) components. The presence of partially melted powders on AM surfaces is undesirable, contributing to high surface roughness and posing contamination risks during usage. We designed a high-intensity cavitation cleaning process that has significantly higher inertial cavitation intensity - i.e., erosion potential - than a conventional ultrasonic cleaning tank. Through acoustic signal characterisation, we showed that placing transducer sets on four sides of the tank could effectively focus and generate high-amplitude pressure waves directed towards the central region. Strong subharmonic signals indicate intensely inertial cavitation throughout the tank. Cavitation intensities were measured at various locations to understand the wave transmission characteristics and distribution patterns. Our results show that the cavitation intensity distribution is highly dependent on the height position. Finally, we demonstrated that the high intensity ultrasonic cleaning (HIUC) process could remove partially melted powders from an AM surface - which was not possible through conventional ultrasonic cleaning. HIUC could lead to higher cleaning efficiency and enhanced AM specimen cleanliness.
    MeSH term(s) Acoustics ; Metals ; Transducers ; Ultrasonics/methods
    Chemical Substances Metals
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-08-19
    Publishing country Netherlands
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 200839-7
    ISSN 1874-9968 ; 0041-624X
    ISSN (online) 1874-9968
    ISSN 0041-624X
    DOI 10.1016/j.ultras.2022.106829
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  5. Article: Demographic Factors Associated With Public Awareness of Chiropractic in Klang Valley, Malaysia: A Cross-sectional Study.

    Wong, Yi Kai / Tan, Kok Leong / Haneline, Michael Thomas

    Journal of chiropractic medicine

    2022  Volume 21, Issue 3, Page(s) 187–196

    Abstract: Objective: The purposes of this study were to determine the public awareness of chiropractic in Klang Valley and to identify sociodemographic factors associated with this awareness.: Methods: A cross-sectional study with a total of 440 respondents ... ...

    Abstract Objective: The purposes of this study were to determine the public awareness of chiropractic in Klang Valley and to identify sociodemographic factors associated with this awareness.
    Methods: A cross-sectional study with a total of 440 respondents was conducted in medical, chiropractic, pharmacy, and dental health care facilities in Klang Valley. A self-administrated questionnaire was enclosed in an envelope and handed to the participants by the health care facilities' staff. Tables and figures were used to present the descriptive data. Data collected were also analyzed using inferential statistics such as binary logistic regression, odds ratio, and 95% confidence interval. The variables in this study were age, ethnicity, sex, education level, marital status, nationality, employment status, and health status along with awareness of chiropractic.
    Results: The respondents' ages ranged from 18 to 81 years, and the mean age was 33.1 years. The majority of respondents were single (52.1%), and 43.1% of respondents were married. Most of the respondents were employed (64.4%), followed by students (14.8%). Among the respondents, 40.2% perceived to have a good health status. Good awareness of chiropractic was 50.2%, whereas the poor awareness of chiropractic was 49.8%. Two sociodemographic factors that were statistically significantly associated with the awareness of chiropractic were ethnicity and employment status, with a
    Conclusion: The level of public awareness of chiropractic was 50.2%, with ethnicity and employment status as statistically significant associated factors.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-07-16
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2365038-2
    ISSN 1556-3715 ; 1556-3707
    ISSN (online) 1556-3715
    ISSN 1556-3707
    DOI 10.1016/j.jcm.2022.02.020
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  6. Article ; Online: Bubble dynamics and cavitation intensity in milli-scale channels under an ultrasonic horn.

    Tan, K L / Yeo, S H

    Ultrasonics sonochemistry

    2019  Volume 58, Page(s) 104666

    Abstract: Under a vibrating ultrasonic horn device, intense cavitation occurs but is restricted to a small volume due to strong attenuation effects. In this study, milli-scale channels were introduced under the horn. The effect of this on the cavitation ... ...

    Abstract Under a vibrating ultrasonic horn device, intense cavitation occurs but is restricted to a small volume due to strong attenuation effects. In this study, milli-scale channels were introduced under the horn. The effect of this on the cavitation development and intensity within the channels were explored. High speed videography of up to 100,000 fps and acoustic signal acquisition through hydrophone were conducted. Cavitation intensity was observed to increase within the channels as compared to free field condition. Bubble density increased with a decrease in channel diameter and a rise in ultrasonic amplitude. Furthermore, an intriguing phenomenon of large bubble cluster formation near the channel exit (20 mm away from the horn surface) was detected. The oscillation behaviour of these clusters is dependent on both channel diameter and ultrasonic amplitude. At the maximum ultrasonic amplitude, the clusters reached maximum radiuses exceeding 3 mm and collapsed violently. Repetitive transient collapses near the exit region suggest that the introduction of milli-scale channels could extend the effective cavitation zone length and enhance the overall cavitation intensity under an ultrasonic horn.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2019-07-02
    Publishing country Netherlands
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1208333-1
    ISSN 1873-2828 ; 1350-4177
    ISSN (online) 1873-2828
    ISSN 1350-4177
    DOI 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2019.104666
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  7. Article ; Online: Mitochondrial Dysfunction in Down Syndrome: From Pathology to Therapy.

    Tan, Kai-Leng / Lee, Han-Chung / Cheah, Pike-See / Ling, King-Hwa

    Neuroscience

    2022  Volume 511, Page(s) 1–12

    Abstract: Mitochondrial dysfunctions have been described in Down syndrome (DS) caused by either partial or full trisomy of chromosome 21 (HSA21). Mitochondria play a crucial role in various vital functions in eukaryotic cells, especially in energy production, ... ...

    Abstract Mitochondrial dysfunctions have been described in Down syndrome (DS) caused by either partial or full trisomy of chromosome 21 (HSA21). Mitochondria play a crucial role in various vital functions in eukaryotic cells, especially in energy production, calcium homeostasis and programmed cell death. The function of mitochondria is primarily regulated by genes encoded in the mitochondrion and nucleus. Many genes on HSA21 are involved in oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) and regulation of mitochondrial functions. This review highlights the HSA21 dosage-sensitive nuclear-encoded mitochondrial genes associated with overexpression-related phenotypes seen in DS. This includes impaired mitochondrial dynamics, structural defects and dysregulated bioenergetic profiles such as OXPHOS deficiency and reduced ATP production. Various therapeutic approaches for modulating energy deficits in DS, effects and molecular mechanism of gene therapy and drugs that exert protective effects through modulation of mitochondrial function and attenuation of oxidative stress in DS cells were discussed. It is prudent that improving DS pathophysiological conditions or quality of life may be feasible by targeting something as simple as cellular mitochondrial biogenesis and function.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Down Syndrome/genetics ; Down Syndrome/therapy ; Quality of Life ; Mitochondria/metabolism ; Mitochondrial Diseases/therapy ; Energy Metabolism
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-12-07
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Review ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 196739-3
    ISSN 1873-7544 ; 0306-4522
    ISSN (online) 1873-7544
    ISSN 0306-4522
    DOI 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2022.12.003
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  8. Article: Leucine-Rich Alpha-2-Glycoprotein: A Novel Predictor of Diastolic Dysfunction.

    Loch, Alexander / Tan, Kok Leng / Danaee, Mahmoud / Idris, Iskandar / Ng, Mei Li

    Biomedicines

    2023  Volume 11, Issue 3

    Abstract: Leucine-rich α2-glycoprotein (LRG1) mediates cardiac fibrocyte activation. It is upregulated in inflammatory conditions, atherosclerosis, and fibrosis. Diastolic dysfunction (DD) is due to myocardial fibrosis. This cross-sectional study examined the ... ...

    Abstract Leucine-rich α2-glycoprotein (LRG1) mediates cardiac fibrocyte activation. It is upregulated in inflammatory conditions, atherosclerosis, and fibrosis. Diastolic dysfunction (DD) is due to myocardial fibrosis. This cross-sectional study examined the relationship between LRG1 and DD. Patients with symptoms of chronic coronary ischemia were recruited. Patients with symptoms of overt heart failure, ejection fraction (EF) < 55%, impaired renal function, infection, and recent trauma were excluded from the study. Clinical parameters examined were SYNergy between percutaneous coronary intervention with TAXus and cardiac surgery (SYNTAX) score, echocardiographic assessment, and LRG1 levels. Binary stepwise logistic regression was used to evaluate the association between LRG1 and DD. Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) analysis was used to determine optimal cut-off values and predictive performance of LRG1. A total of 94 patients were enrolled in the study, with 47 having a clinical diagnosis of DD. Plasma LRG1 was significantly (U = 417.00,
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-03-20
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2720867-9
    ISSN 2227-9059
    ISSN 2227-9059
    DOI 10.3390/biomedicines11030944
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  9. Article ; Online: Metabolic perspective of astrocyte dysfunction in Alzheimer's disease and type 2 diabetes brains.

    Shen, Zheng / Li, Zheng-Yang / Yu, Meng-Ting / Tan, Kai-Leng / Chen, Si

    Biomedicine & pharmacotherapy = Biomedecine & pharmacotherapie

    2023  Volume 158, Page(s) 114206

    Abstract: The term type III diabetes (T3DM) has been proposed for Alzheimer's disease (AD) due to the shared molecular and cellular features between type 2 diabetes (T2DM) and insulin resistance-associated memory deficits and cognitive decline in elderly ... ...

    Abstract The term type III diabetes (T3DM) has been proposed for Alzheimer's disease (AD) due to the shared molecular and cellular features between type 2 diabetes (T2DM) and insulin resistance-associated memory deficits and cognitive decline in elderly individuals. Astrocytes elicit neuroprotective or deleterious effects in AD progression and severity. Patients with T2DM are at a high risk of cognitive impairment, and targeting astrocytes might be promising in alleviating neurodegeneration in the diabetic brain. Recent studies focusing on cell-specific activities in the brain have revealed the important role of astrocytes in brain metabolism (e.g., glucose metabolism, lipid metabolism), neurovascular coupling, synapses, and synaptic plasticity. In this review, we discuss how astrocytes and their dysfunction result in multiple pathological and clinical features of AD and T2DM from a metabolic perspective and the potential comorbid mechanism in these two diseases from the perspective of astrocytes.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Aged ; Alzheimer Disease/metabolism ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/metabolism ; Astrocytes/metabolism ; Brain/metabolism ; Cognitive Dysfunction/metabolism
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-01-05
    Publishing country France
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 392415-4
    ISSN 1950-6007 ; 0753-3322 ; 0300-0893
    ISSN (online) 1950-6007
    ISSN 0753-3322 ; 0300-0893
    DOI 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.114206
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  10. Article ; Online: A 27-Year-Old Man With Persistent Breathlessness After an Inhalational Injury.

    Fong, Isaac / Chew, Si Yuan / Tan, Keng Leong

    Chest

    2021  Volume 159, Issue 4, Page(s) e197–e201

    Abstract: Case presentation: A 27-year-old man was hospitalized in the burn unit after sustaining an acute inhalational injury and facial burns after an accidental occupational exposure to an industrial disinfectant consisting of a mixture of hydrogen peroxide ( ... ...

    Abstract Case presentation: A 27-year-old man was hospitalized in the burn unit after sustaining an acute inhalational injury and facial burns after an accidental occupational exposure to an industrial disinfectant consisting of a mixture of hydrogen peroxide (15%-30%), acetic acid (5%-15%), and peracetic acid (5%-15%). He demonstrated cough, shortness of breath, and hoarseness of voice at presentation that had developed 6 h after exposure. In addition to the inhalational injury of the vocal cords and lower airways on bronchoscopy (Fig 1), the patient also was diagnosed with acute inhalational pneumonitis based on the findings of hypoxemic respiratory failure and bilateral perihilar airspace opacities on chest radiography (Fig 2). He required intubation and mechanical ventilation initially for 2 days for upper airway edema and was discharged 19 days after exposure with resolution of hypoxemia and reduction of airspace opacities on chest radiography. However, symptoms of productive cough and shortness of breath on exertion persisted, and he was rehospitalized 27 days after exposure. He was a nonsmoker with no prior history of atopy, asthma, or lung disease. His medical history was remarkable for hypertension and severe obesity with a BMI of 34.7 kg/m
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-04-06
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Case Reports ; Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1032552-9
    ISSN 1931-3543 ; 0012-3692
    ISSN (online) 1931-3543
    ISSN 0012-3692
    DOI 10.1016/j.chest.2020.11.044
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