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  1. Article ; Online: EnsembleSeq: a workflow towards real-time, rapid, and simultaneous multi-kingdom-amplicon sequencing for holistic and resource-effective microbiome research at scale.

    Nagpal, Sunil / Mande, Sharmila S / Hooda, Harish / Dutta, Usha / Taneja, Bhupesh

    Microbiology spectrum

    2024  , Page(s) e0415023

    Abstract: Bacterial communities are often concomitantly present with numerous microorganisms in the human body and other natural environments. Amplicon-based microbiome studies have generally paid skewed attention, that too at a rather shallow genus level ... ...

    Abstract Bacterial communities are often concomitantly present with numerous microorganisms in the human body and other natural environments. Amplicon-based microbiome studies have generally paid skewed attention, that too at a rather shallow genus level resolution, to the highly abundant bacteriome, with interest now forking toward the other microorganisms, particularly fungi. Given the generally sparse abundance of other microbes in the total microbiome, simultaneous sequencing of amplicons targeting multiple microbial kingdoms could be possible even with full multiplexing. Guiding studies are currently needed for performing and monitoring multi-kingdom-amplicon sequencing and data capture at scale. Aiming to address these gaps, amplification of full-length bacterial 16S rRNA gene and entire fungal internal-transcribed spacer (ITS) region was performed for human saliva samples (
    Importance: Human microbiome is a sum total of a variety of microbial genomes (including bacteria, fungi, protists, viruses, etc.) present in and on the human body. Yet, a majority of amplicon-based microbiome studies have largely remained skewed toward bacteriome as an assumed proxy of the total microbiome, primarily at a shallow genus level. Cost, time, effort, data quality/management, and importantly lack of guiding studies often limit progress in the direction of moving beyond bacteriome. Here, EnsembleSeq presents a proof-of-concept toward concomitantly capturing multiple-kingdoms of microorganisms (bacteriome and mycobiome) in a fully multiplexed (96-sample) single run of long-read amplicon sequencing. In addition, the workflow captures dynamic tracking of species-level saturation in a time- and resource-effective manner.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-04-30
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2807133-5
    ISSN 2165-0497 ; 2165-0497
    ISSN (online) 2165-0497
    ISSN 2165-0497
    DOI 10.1128/spectrum.04150-23
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article ; Online: A Dual-Plasmid-Based CRISPR/Cas9-Mediated Strategy Enables Targeted Editing of pH Regulatory Gene

    Dey, Sanchita Sanchaya / Ramalingam, Sivaprakash / Taneja, Bhupesh

    Journal of fungi (Basel, Switzerland)

    2022  Volume 8, Issue 12

    Abstract: Trichophyton ... ...

    Abstract Trichophyton rubrum
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-11-24
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2784229-0
    ISSN 2309-608X ; 2309-608X
    ISSN (online) 2309-608X
    ISSN 2309-608X
    DOI 10.3390/jof8121241
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article ; Online: Three-dimensional structure of a mycobacterial oligoribonuclease reveals a unique C-terminal tail that stabilizes the homodimer.

    Badhwar, Pooja / Khan, Sabab Hasan / Taneja, Bhupesh

    The Journal of biological chemistry

    2022  Volume 298, Issue 12, Page(s) 102595

    Abstract: Oligoribonucleases (Orns) are highly conserved DnaQ-fold 3'-5' exoribonucleases that have been found to carry out the last step of cyclic-di-GMP (c-di-GMP) degradation, that is, pGpG to GMP in several bacteria. Removal of pGpG is critical for c-di-GMP ... ...

    Abstract Oligoribonucleases (Orns) are highly conserved DnaQ-fold 3'-5' exoribonucleases that have been found to carry out the last step of cyclic-di-GMP (c-di-GMP) degradation, that is, pGpG to GMP in several bacteria. Removal of pGpG is critical for c-di-GMP homeostasis, as excess uncleaved pGpG can have feedback inhibition on phosphodiesterases, thereby perturbing cellular signaling pathways regulated by c-di-GMP. Perturbation of c-di-GMP levels not only affects survival under hypoxic, reductive stress, or nutrient-limiting conditions but also affects pathogenicity in infection models as well as antibiotic response in mycobacteria. Here, we have determined the crystal structure of MSMEG_4724, the Orn of Mycobacterium smegmatis (Ms_orn) to 1.87 Å resolution to investigate the function of its extended C-terminal tail that is unique among bacterial Orns. Ms_orn is a homodimer with the canonical RNase-H fold of exoribonucleases and conserved catalytic residues in the active site. Further examination of the substrate-binding site with a modeled pGpG emphasized the role of a phosphate cap and "3'OH cap" in constricting a 2-mer substrate in the active site. The unique C-terminal tail of Ms_orn aids dimerization by forming a handshake-like flap over the second protomer of the dimer. Our thermal and denaturant-induced unfolding experiments suggest that it helps in higher stability of Ms_orn as compared with Escherichia coli Orn or a C-terminal deletion mutant. We also show that the C-terminal tail is required for modulating response to stress agents in vivo. These results will help in further evaluating the role of signaling and regulation by c-di-GMP in mycobacteria.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-10-14
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2997-x
    ISSN 1083-351X ; 0021-9258
    ISSN (online) 1083-351X
    ISSN 0021-9258
    DOI 10.1016/j.jbc.2022.102595
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  4. Article ; Online: Structural investigation and gene deletion studies of mycobacterial oligoribonuclease reveal modulation of c-di-GMP-mediated phenotypes.

    Badhwar, Pooja / Ahmad, Iftekhar / Sharma, Rakesh / Taneja, Bhupesh

    International journal of biological macromolecules

    2022  Volume 223, Issue Pt A, Page(s) 161–172

    Abstract: Cyclic-di-GMP (c-di-GMP) is a ubiquitous bacterial second messenger required for normal physiology as well as survival under hypoxic and reductive stress conditions of mycobacterial cells. Complete degradation of c-di-GMP is necessary for signal ... ...

    Abstract Cyclic-di-GMP (c-di-GMP) is a ubiquitous bacterial second messenger required for normal physiology as well as survival under hypoxic and reductive stress conditions of mycobacterial cells. Complete degradation of c-di-GMP is necessary for signal termination and maintaining its homeostasis inside the cells. Homeostasis of c-di-GMP in mycobacteria is brought about by the bifunctional diguanylate cyclase (DGC) that synthesizes c-di-GMP from two molecules of GTP and also catalyses the asymmetric cleavage of c-di-GMP to linear pGpG through its phosphodiesterase activity. However, the mycobacterial enzyme for the last step of degradation from pGpG to GMP has not been characterized thus far. Here, we present the identification of oligoribonuclease (Orn) as the most likely phosphodiesterase to degrade pGpG to GMP through AlphaFold-empowered structural homology that exhibited in vitro phosphodiesterase activity on pGpG substrates. In order to understand the physiological role of Orn in mycobacteria, we created a deletion mutant of orn in M. smegmatis and analysed the phenotypes that are associated with c-di-GMP signaling. We find that orn plays important roles in vivo and is required not only for proper growth of M. smegmatis in normal and stress conditions but also for biofilm formation.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-11-08
    Publishing country Netherlands
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 282732-3
    ISSN 1879-0003 ; 0141-8130
    ISSN (online) 1879-0003
    ISSN 0141-8130
    DOI 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.11.029
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  5. Article ; Online: MarkerML - Marker Feature Identification in Metagenomic Datasets Using Interpretable Machine Learning.

    Nagpal, Sunil / Singh, Rohan / Taneja, Bhupesh / Mande, Sharmila S

    Journal of molecular biology

    2022  Volume 434, Issue 11, Page(s) 167589

    Abstract: Identification of environment specific marker-features is one of the key objectives of many metagenomic studies. It aims to identify such features in microbiome datasets that may serve as markers of the contrasting or comparable states. Hypothesis ... ...

    Abstract Identification of environment specific marker-features is one of the key objectives of many metagenomic studies. It aims to identify such features in microbiome datasets that may serve as markers of the contrasting or comparable states. Hypothesis testing and black-box machine learnt models which are conventionally used for identification of these features are generally not exhaustive, especially because they generally do-not provide any quantifiable relevance (context) of/between the identified features. We present MarkerML web-server, that seeks to leverage the emergence of interpretable machine learning for facilitating the contextual discovery of metagenomic features of interest. It does so through a comprehensive and automated application of the concept of Shapley Additive Explanations in companionship to the compositionality accounted hypothesis testing for the multi-variate microbiome datasets. MarkerML not only helps in identification of marker-features, but also enables insights into the role and inter-dependence of the identified features in driving the decision making of the supervised machine learnt model. Generation of high quality and intuitive visualizations spanning prediction effect plots, model performance reports, feature dependency plots, Shapley and abundance informed cladograms (Sungrams), hypothesis tested violin plots along-with necessary provisions for excluding the participant bias and ensuring reproducibility of results, further seek to make the platform a useful asset for the scientists in the field of microbiome (and even beyond). The MarkerML web-server is freely available for the academic community at https://microbiome.igib.res.in/markerml/.
    MeSH term(s) Datasets as Topic ; Humans ; Internet Use ; Machine Learning ; Metagenome ; Metagenomics ; Reproducibility of Results
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-04-18
    Publishing country Netherlands
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 80229-3
    ISSN 1089-8638 ; 0022-2836
    ISSN (online) 1089-8638
    ISSN 0022-2836
    DOI 10.1016/j.jmb.2022.167589
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  6. Article ; Online: Insights into Changing Dermatophyte Spectrum in India Through Analysis of Cumulative 161,245 Cases Between 1939 and 2021.

    Kumar, Pawan / Ramachandran, S / Das, Shukla / Bhattacharya, S N / Taneja, Bhupesh

    Mycopathologia

    2023  Volume 188, Issue 3, Page(s) 183–202

    Abstract: Dermatophytosis is one of the most common superficial infections of the skin affecting nearly one-fifth of the world population at any given time. With nearly 30% of worldwide terbinafine-resistance cases in Trichophyton mentagrophytes/Trichophyton ... ...

    Abstract Dermatophytosis is one of the most common superficial infections of the skin affecting nearly one-fifth of the world population at any given time. With nearly 30% of worldwide terbinafine-resistance cases in Trichophyton mentagrophytes/Trichophyton interdigitale and Trichophyton rubrum reported from India in recent years, there is a significant burden of the emerging drug resistance epidemic on India. Here, we carry out a comprehensive retrospective analysis of dermatophytosis in India using 1038 research articles pertaining to 161,245 cases reported from 1939 to 2021. We find that dermatophytosis is prevalent in all parts of the country despite variable climatic conditions in different regions. Our results show T. rubrum as the most prevalent until 2015, with a sudden change in dermatophyte spectrum towards T. mentagrophytes/T. interdigitale complex since then. We also carried out an 18S rRNA-based phylogenetics and an average nucleotide identity-and single nucleotide polymorphism-based analysis of available whole genomes and find very high relatedness among the prevalent dermatophytes, suggesting geographic specificity. The comprehensive epidemiological and phylogenomics analysis of dermatophytosis in India over the last 80 years, presented here, would help in region-specific prevention, control and treatment of dermatophyte infections, especially considering the large number of emerging resistance cases.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Arthrodermataceae/genetics ; Tinea/epidemiology ; Tinea/drug therapy ; Trichophyton ; Retrospective Studies ; India/epidemiology
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-03-28
    Publishing country Netherlands
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 391081-7
    ISSN 1573-0832 ; 0369-299X ; 0301-486X ; 0027-5530
    ISSN (online) 1573-0832
    ISSN 0369-299X ; 0301-486X ; 0027-5530
    DOI 10.1007/s11046-023-00720-6
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  7. Article: MarkerML – Marker Feature Identification in Metagenomic Datasets Using Interpretable Machine Learning

    Nagpal, Sunil / Singh, Rohan / Taneja, Bhupesh / Mande, Sharmila S.

    Journal of molecular biology. 2022 Apr. 12,

    2022  

    Abstract: Identification of environment specific marker-features is one of the key objectives of many metagenomic studies. It aims to identify such features in microbiome datasets that may serve as markers of the contrasting or comparable states. Hypothesis ... ...

    Abstract Identification of environment specific marker-features is one of the key objectives of many metagenomic studies. It aims to identify such features in microbiome datasets that may serve as markers of the contrasting or comparable states. Hypothesis testing and black-box machine learnt models which are conventionally used for identification of these features are generally not exhaustive, especially because they generally do-not provide any quantifiable relevance (context) of/between the identified features. We present MarkerML web-server, that seeks to leverage the emergence of interpretable machine learning for facilitating the contextual discovery of metagenomic features of interest. It does so through a comprehensive and automated application of the concept of Shapley Additive Explanations in companionship to the compositionality accounted hypothesis testing for the multi-variate microbiome datasets. MarkerML not only helps in identification of marker-features, but also enables insights into the role and inter-dependence of the identified features in driving the decision making of the supervised machine learnt model. Generation of high quality and intuitive visualizations spanning prediction effect plots, model performance reports, feature dependency plots, Shapley and abundance informed cladograms (Sungrams), hypothesis tested violin plots along-with necessary provisions for excluding the participant bias and ensuring reproducibility of results, further seek to make the platform a useful asset for the scientists in the field of microbiome (and even beyond). The MarkerML web-server is freely available for the academic community at https://microbiome.igib.res.in/markerml/.
    Keywords assets ; automation ; data collection ; metagenomics ; microbiome ; model validation ; models ; molecular biology ; prediction
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2022-0412
    Publishing place Elsevier Ltd
    Document type Article
    Note Pre-press version
    ZDB-ID 80229-3
    ISSN 1089-8638 ; 0022-2836
    ISSN (online) 1089-8638
    ISSN 0022-2836
    DOI 10.1016/j.jmb.2022.167589
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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  8. Article ; Online: Loss of U1498 methylation in 16S rRNA by RsmE methyltransferase associates its role with aminoglycoside resistance in mycobacteria.

    Bijpuria, Shipra / Sharma, Rakesh / Taneja, Bhupesh

    Journal of global antimicrobial resistance

    2020  Volume 23, Page(s) 359–369

    Abstract: Objectives: Modulation of methylation pattern through mutations in ribosomal methyltransferases is a key mechanism of bacterial drug resistance. However, RsmG (GidB), which specifically methylates G527 in 16S rRNA, remains the only conserved ... ...

    Abstract Objectives: Modulation of methylation pattern through mutations in ribosomal methyltransferases is a key mechanism of bacterial drug resistance. However, RsmG (GidB), which specifically methylates G527 in 16S rRNA, remains the only conserved methyltransferase known to be associated with low-level drug resistance in mycobacterial isolates. The mycobacterial RsmE homologue methylates U1498 in 16S rRNA in a highly specific manner. U1498 lies in the vicinity of the binding site for various aminoglycosides in the ribosome. However, the association of methylation at U1498 with altered drug response remains poorly understood.
    Methods: A deletion mutant of the RsmE homologue in Mycobacterium smegmatis was generated by a suicidal vector strategy and drug susceptibility assays were performed on wild-type, knockout and complemented strains with varying concentrations of ribosomal- and non-ribosomal-targeting drugs.
    Results: Deletion of the RsmE homologue of M. smegmatis led to an at least two-fold increase in the minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of aminoglycosides that bind in the decoding centre proximal to U1498 in the 30S subunit. The change in MICs was highly specific and reproducible and did not show any cross-resistance to other drug classes. Surprisingly, Rv2372c, the RsmE homologue of Mycobacterium tuberculosis, has the largest number of mutations among conserved ribosomal methyltransferases, after gidB, highlighting the role of mutations in RsmE methyltransferase as a key emerging mechanism of resistance in clinical strains.
    Conclusion: We present the first evidence of an association of methylation of U1498 in 16S rRNA with development of low-level resistance in mycobacteria that must be tackled in a timely manner.
    MeSH term(s) Aminoglycosides ; Humans ; Methylation ; Methyltransferases/genetics ; Methyltransferases/metabolism ; Mycobacterium tuberculosis/genetics ; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S/genetics
    Chemical Substances Aminoglycosides ; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S ; Methyltransferases (EC 2.1.1.-)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-11-10
    Publishing country Netherlands
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 2710046-7
    ISSN 2213-7173 ; 2213-7165
    ISSN (online) 2213-7173
    ISSN 2213-7165
    DOI 10.1016/j.jgar.2020.10.006
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  9. Article: Whole genome sequences of two Trichophyton indotineae clinical isolates from India emerging as threats during therapeutic treatment of dermatophytosis [Erratum: November 2021, Vol.11(11), p.482]

    Kumar, Pawan / Das, Shukla / Tigga, Richa / Pandey, Rajesh / Bhattacharya, S. N. / Taneja, Bhupesh

    3 Biotech. 2021 Sept., v. 11, no. 9

    2021  

    Abstract: In the current study, we report the genome sequence of two different clinical isolates from India, Trichophyton indotineae UCMS-IGIB-CI12 and Trichophyton indotineae UCMS-IGIB-CI14. The resulting genome assembly achieved a 143-fold coverage in 824 ... ...

    Abstract In the current study, we report the genome sequence of two different clinical isolates from India, Trichophyton indotineae UCMS-IGIB-CI12 and Trichophyton indotineae UCMS-IGIB-CI14. The resulting genome assembly achieved a 143-fold coverage in 824 contigs for T. indotineae UCMS-IGIB-CI12 and a 136-fold coverage in 904 contigs for T. indotineae UCMS-IGIB-CI14. Both the clinical isolates contain a c.1342G>A mutation corresponding to Ala448Thr amino acid substitution in erg1 and exhibit an intermittent drug response to terbinafine. Comparative genomics analysis with available genomes of Trichophyton interdigitale/Trichophyton mentagrophytes species complex revealed a similar genome architecture and identified large number of genes associated with virulence and pathogenicity, namely, lipases, proteases, LysM domain-containing factors, carbon metabolism enzymes and cytochrome P450 enzymes, in all the genomes. An analysis of single amino acid polymorphisms (SAPs) in the protein sequences of subtilisin and lipase enzyme families identified a higher frequency of SAPs in functionally important proteins, Sub3 and Sub6 and their possible use in multilocus phylogenetic analysis of T. interdigitale/T. mentagrophytes species complex. The whole genome sequences of T. indotineae clinical isolates provided in this report will, hence, serve as a key reference point for investigation of clinical strains and emerging drug resistance among dermatophytes originating from different parts of the world.
    Keywords Trichophyton mentagrophytes ; amino acid substitution ; amino acids ; carbon metabolism ; carboxylic ester hydrolases ; cytochrome P-450 ; dermatomycoses ; drug resistance ; drugs ; genome assembly ; genomics ; keratinophilic fungi ; nucleotide sequences ; phylogeny ; subtilisin ; therapeutics ; virulence ; India
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2021-09
    Size p. 402.
    Publishing place Springer International Publishing
    Document type Article
    ZDB-ID 2600522-0
    ISSN 2190-5738 ; 2190-572X
    ISSN (online) 2190-5738
    ISSN 2190-572X
    DOI 10.1007/s13205-021-02950-1
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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  10. Article ; Online: Structural and thermodynamic characterization of a highly stable conformation of Rv2966c, a 16S rRNA methyltransferase, at low pH.

    Khan, Sabab Hasan / Bijpuria, Shipra / Maurya, Anjali / Taneja, Bhupesh

    International journal of biological macromolecules

    2020  Volume 164, Page(s) 3909–3921

    Abstract: Rv2966c is a highly specific methyltransferase that methylates G966 at the N2 position in 16S rRNA of mycobacterial ribosome and can be secreted inside the host cell to methylate host DNA. However, how the secreted protein retains its structure and ... ...

    Abstract Rv2966c is a highly specific methyltransferase that methylates G966 at the N2 position in 16S rRNA of mycobacterial ribosome and can be secreted inside the host cell to methylate host DNA. However, how the secreted protein retains its structure and function in the harsh environment of host cell, remains unclear. In this work, we investigate structural features of Rv2966c at pH 4.0 and pH 7.5 by far-UV- and near-UV-circular dichroism (CD) and fluorescence spectroscopy, to gain insights into its folding and stability at the acidic pH, that it is likely to encounter inside the macrophage. We show that Rv2966c exists in a compact, folded state at both pH 7.5 and pH 4.0, a result corroborated by molecular dynamics simulations as a function of pH. In fact, Rv2966c was found to be more stable at pH 4.0 than pH 7.5, as evidenced by thermal-induced CD and nanodifferential scanning fluorimetry, and urea-induced denaturation measurements. Interestingly, unlike pH 7.5 (two-state unfolding), denaturation of Rv2966c at pH 4.0 occurs in a biphasic (N ↔ X ↔ U) manner. Further spectroscopic characterization of 'X' state, identifies characteristics of a molten globule-like intermediate. We finally conclude that Rv2966c maintains a compact folded state at pH 4.0 akin to that at pH 7.5 but with higher stability.
    MeSH term(s) Calorimetry, Differential Scanning ; Circular Dichroism ; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration ; Methyltransferases/chemistry ; Models, Molecular ; Molecular Conformation ; Molecular Dynamics Simulation ; Protein Conformation ; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S/chemistry ; Structure-Activity Relationship ; Thermodynamics ; Urea/chemistry
    Chemical Substances RNA, Ribosomal, 16S ; Urea (8W8T17847W) ; Methyltransferases (EC 2.1.1.-) ; rRNA (adenosine-O-2'-)methyltransferase (EC 2.1.1.230)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-09-01
    Publishing country Netherlands
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 282732-3
    ISSN 1879-0003 ; 0141-8130
    ISSN (online) 1879-0003
    ISSN 0141-8130
    DOI 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.08.236
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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