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Article ; Online: Genome-wide association study and polygenic risk scores of retinal thickness across the cognitive continuum: data from the NORFACE cohort.

2024 Volume 16, Issue 1, Page(s) 38

Abstract: Background: Several studies have reported a relationship between retinal thickness and dementia. Therefore, optical coherence tomography (OCT) has been proposed as an early diagnosis method for Alzheimer's disease (AD). In this study, we performed a ... ...

Abstract	Background: Several studies have reported a relationship between retinal thickness and dementia. Therefore, optical coherence tomography (OCT) has been proposed as an early diagnosis method for Alzheimer's disease (AD). In this study, we performed a genome-wide association study (GWAS) aimed at identifying genes associated with retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) and ganglion cell inner plexiform layer (GCIPL) thickness assessed by OCT and exploring the relationships between the spectrum of cognitive decline (including AD and non-AD cases) and retinal thickness. Methods: RNFL and GCIPL thickness at the macula were determined using two different OCT devices (Triton and Maestro). These determinations were tested for association with common single nucleotide polymorphism (SNPs) using adjusted linear regression models and combined using meta-analysis methods. Polygenic risk scores (PRSs) for retinal thickness and AD were generated. Results: Several genetic loci affecting retinal thickness were identified across the genome in accordance with previous reports. The genetic overlap between retinal thickness and dementia, however, was weak and limited to the GCIPL layer; only those observable with all-type dementia cases were considered. Conclusions: Our study does not support the existence of a genetic link between dementia and retinal thickness.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Genome-Wide Association Study ; Genetic Risk Score ; Nerve Fibers ; Tomography, Optical Coherence/methods ; Alzheimer Disease/diagnostic imaging ; Alzheimer Disease/genetics ; Alzheimer Disease/complications ; Cognition
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-02-16
Publishing country	England
Document type	Meta-Analysis ; Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2506521-X
ISSN	1758-9193 ; 1758-9193
ISSN (online)	1758-9193
ISSN	1758-9193
DOI	10.1186/s13195-024-01398-8
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Article ; Online: Unveiling the sound of the cognitive status: Machine Learning-based speech analysis in the Alzheimer's disease spectrum.

Alzheimer's research & therapy

2024 Volume 16, Issue 1, Page(s) 26

Abstract: Background: Advancement in screening tools accessible to the general population for the early detection of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and prediction of its progression is essential for achieving timely therapeutic interventions and conducting ... ...

Abstract	Background: Advancement in screening tools accessible to the general population for the early detection of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and prediction of its progression is essential for achieving timely therapeutic interventions and conducting decentralized clinical trials. This study delves into the application of Machine Learning (ML) techniques by leveraging paralinguistic features extracted directly from a brief spontaneous speech (SS) protocol. We aimed to explore the capability of ML techniques to discriminate between different degrees of cognitive impairment based on SS. Furthermore, for the first time, this study investigates the relationship between paralinguistic features from SS and cognitive function within the AD spectrum. Methods: Physical-acoustic features were extracted from voice recordings of patients evaluated in a memory unit who underwent a SS protocol. We implemented several ML models evaluated via cross-validation to identify individuals without cognitive impairment (subjective cognitive decline, SCD), with mild cognitive impairment (MCI), and with dementia due to AD (ADD). In addition, we established models capable of predicting cognitive domain performance based on a comprehensive neuropsychological battery from Fundació Ace (NBACE) using SS-derived information. Results: The results of this study showed that, based on a paralinguistic analysis of sound, it is possible to identify individuals with ADD (F1 = 0.92) and MCI (F1 = 0.84). Furthermore, our models, based on physical acoustic information, exhibited correlations greater than 0.5 for predicting the cognitive domains of attention, memory, executive functions, language, and visuospatial ability. Conclusions: In this study, we show the potential of a brief and cost-effective SS protocol in distinguishing between different degrees of cognitive impairment and forecasting performance in cognitive domains commonly affected within the AD spectrum. Our results demonstrate a high correspondence with protocols traditionally used to assess cognitive function. Overall, it opens up novel prospects for developing screening tools and remote disease monitoring.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Alzheimer Disease/diagnosis ; Alzheimer Disease/psychology ; Speech ; Neuropsychological Tests ; Cognitive Dysfunction/diagnosis ; Cognitive Dysfunction/psychology ; Cognition ; Machine Learning ; Disease Progression
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-02-02
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2506521-X
ISSN	1758-9193 ; 1758-9193
ISSN (online)	1758-9193
ISSN	1758-9193
DOI	10.1186/s13195-024-01394-y
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Article ; Online: Clinical performance of an antibody-free assay for plasma Aβ42/Aβ40 to detect early alterations of Alzheimer's disease in individuals with subjective cognitive decline.

Pascual-Lucas, María / Allué, José Antonio / Sarasa, Leticia / Fandos, Noelia / Castillo, Sergio / Terencio, Jose / Sarasa, Manuel / Tartari, Juan Pablo / Sanabria, Ángela / Tárraga, Lluís / Ruíz, Agustín / Marquié, Marta / Seo, Sang Won / Jang, Hyemin / Boada, Mercè

Alzheimer's research & therapy

2023 Volume 15, Issue 1, Page(s) 2

Abstract: Background: Accessible and cost-effective diagnostic tools are urgently needed to accurately quantify blood biomarkers to support early diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease (AD). In this study, we investigated the ability of plasma amyloid-beta (Aβ)42/Aβ40 ... ...

Abstract	Background: Accessible and cost-effective diagnostic tools are urgently needed to accurately quantify blood biomarkers to support early diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease (AD). In this study, we investigated the ability of plasma amyloid-beta (Aβ)42/Aβ40 ratio measured by an antibody-free mass-spectrometric (MS) method, ABtest-MS, to detect early pathological changes of AD. Methods: This cohort study included data from the baseline and 2-year follow-up visits from the Fundació ACE Healthy Brain Initiative (FACEHBI) study. Plasma Aβ42/Aβ40 was measured with ABtest-MS and compared to Results: The FACEHBI cohort at baseline included 200 healthy individuals with subjective cognitive decline (SCD), of which 36 (18%) were Aβ-PET positive. Plasma Aβ42/Aβ40 levels were significantly lower in Aβ-PET positive individuals (median [interquartile range, IQR], 0.215 [0.203-0.236]) versus Aβ-PET negative subjects (median [IQR], 0.261 [0.244-0.279]) (P < .001). Plasma Aβ42/Aβ40 was significantly correlated with Aβ-PET levels (rho = -0.390; P < .001) and identified Aβ-PET status with an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) of 0.87 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.80-0.93). A cutoff for the Aβ42/Aβ40 ratio of 0.241 (maximum Youden index) yielded a sensitivity of 86.1% and a specificity of 80.5%. These findings were cross-validated in an independent DPUK-Korean cohort (AUC 0.86 [95% CI 0.77-0.95]). Lower plasma Aβ42/Aβ40 ratio was associated with worse episodic memory performance and increased brain atrophy. Plasma Aβ42/Aβ40 at baseline predicted clinical conversion to mild cognitive impairment and longitudinal changes in amyloid deposition and brain atrophy at 2-year follow-up. Conclusions: This study suggests that plasma Aβ42/Aβ40, as determined by this MS-based assay, has potential value as an accurate and cost-effective tool to identify individuals in the earliest stages of AD, supporting its implementation in clinical trials, preventative strategies and clinical practice.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Alzheimer Disease/diagnostic imaging ; Cohort Studies ; Amyloid beta-Peptides ; Peptide Fragments ; Cognitive Dysfunction/diagnostic imaging ; Biomarkers ; Antibodies ; Positron-Emission Tomography
Chemical Substances	amyloid beta-protein (1-42) ; Amyloid beta-Peptides ; Peptide Fragments ; Biomarkers ; Antibodies
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-01-05
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2506521-X
ISSN	1758-9193 ; 1758-9193
ISSN (online)	1758-9193
ISSN	1758-9193
DOI	10.1186/s13195-022-01143-z
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Article ; Online: Sex, Neuropsychiatric Profiles, and Caregiver Burden in Alzheimer's Disease Dementia: A Latent Class Analysis.

Rosende-Roca, Maitée / Cañabate, Pilar / Moreno, Mariola / Preckler, Silvia / Seguer, Susana / Esteban, Ester / Tartari, Juan Pablo / Vargas, Liliana / Narvaiza, Leire / Pytel, Vanesa / Bojaryn, Urszula / Alarcon, Emilio / González-Pérez, Antonio / Gurruchaga, Miren Jone / Tárraga, Lluís / Ruiz, Agustín / Marquié, Marta / Boada, Mercè / Valero, Sergi

Journal of Alzheimer's disease : JAD

2022 Volume 89, Issue 3, Page(s) 993–1002

Abstract: Background: Neuropsychiatric symptoms (NPS) in Alzheimer's disease (AD) can be disruptive for patients and their families.: Objective: We aimed to classify patients based on NPS and to explore the relationship of these classes with sex and with ... ...

Abstract	Background: Neuropsychiatric symptoms (NPS) in Alzheimer's disease (AD) can be disruptive for patients and their families. Objective: We aimed to classify patients based on NPS and to explore the relationship of these classes with sex and with caregiver burden. Methods: The study cohort comprised individuals with AD dementia diagnosed at Ace Alzheimer Center in Barcelona, Spain, between 2011-2020. NPS were ascertained by using the Neuropsychiatric Inventory-Questionnaire. Latent class analysis was used to identify clusters of individuals sharing a similar NPS profile. We evaluated the caregiver burden using the Zarit Burden Interview. Multivariable regression models were used to obtain adjusted estimates of the association between sex, NPS classes, and caregiver burden. Results: A total of 1,065 patients with AD dementia and their primary caregivers were included. We classified patients into five different classes according to their NPS profile: "Affective", "High-behavioral-disturbance", "Negative-affect", "Affective/deliriant", and "Apathy". We found that age, sex, and type of AD diagnosis differed greatly across classes. We found that patients from the "High-behavioral-disturbance" (OR = 2.56, 95% CI: 1.00-6.56), "Negative-affect" (OR = 2.72, 95% CI: 1.26-3.64), and "Affective/deliriant" (OR = 2.14, 95% CI: 1.26-3.64) classes were over two times more likely to have a female caregiver than those in "Apathy" class. These three classes were also the ones associated to the greatest caregiver burden in the adjusted analyses, which seems to explain the increased burden observed among female caregivers. Conclusion: Caregiver burden is highly dependent on the patient's NPS profiles. Female caregivers provide care to patients that pose a greater burden, which makes them more susceptible to become overwhelmed.
MeSH term(s)	Alzheimer Disease/psychology ; Caregiver Burden ; Caregivers/psychology ; Cost of Illness ; Female ; Humans ; Latent Class Analysis ; Spain/epidemiology
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-08-10
Publishing country	Netherlands
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1440127-7
ISSN	1875-8908 ; 1387-2877
ISSN (online)	1875-8908
ISSN	1387-2877
DOI	10.3233/JAD-215648
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Article ; Online: Frontotemporal Lobar Degeneration (FTLD): Review and Update for Clinical Neurologists.

Hernandez, Isabel / Fernandez, Maria-Victoria / Tarraga, Lluis / Boada, Merce / Ruiz, Agustin

Current Alzheimer research

2017 Volume 15, Issue 6, Page(s) 511–530

Abstract: Background: Frontotemporal Dementia (FTD) is a heterogeneous group of disorders and the second most frequent cause of early onset dementia making it the highest number of inherited cases.: Review summary: FTD is characterized by considerable ... ...

Abstract	Background: Frontotemporal Dementia (FTD) is a heterogeneous group of disorders and the second most frequent cause of early onset dementia making it the highest number of inherited cases. Review summary: FTD is characterized by considerable variability in clinical, genetic and histopathologic features. Patients may present symptoms ranging from behavioural disturbances to different language disorders, with or without motor neuron disorders or associated parkinsonism. Atrophy in frontal and temporal lobes is the most relevant radiological finding. In the last 10 years, the knowledge of this clinical entity has undergone remarkable changes both genetically and histopathologically, which have served to establish more consistent clinical criteria. Until now, 10 genes causative of FTLD have been described and up to four different proteins causative of atrophy have been detected in aggregates. Conclusion: This review is mostly addressed to clinicians and aims to provide basic knowledge of these neurodegenerative disorders and clarify the complex FTD scenario.
MeSH term(s)	Frontotemporal Dementia/diagnosis ; Frontotemporal Dementia/genetics ; Frontotemporal Dementia/pathology ; Frontotemporal Dementia/therapy ; Humans
Language	English
Publishing date	2017-07-22
Publishing country	United Arab Emirates
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	2205170-3
ISSN	1875-5828 ; 1567-2050
ISSN (online)	1875-5828
ISSN	1567-2050
DOI	10.2174/1567205014666170725130819
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Article: Harnessing acoustic speech parameters to decipher amyloid status in individuals with mild cognitive impairment.

Frontiers in neuroscience

2023 Volume 17, Page(s) 1221401

Abstract: Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative condition characterized by a gradual decline in cognitive functions. Currently, there are no effective treatments for AD, underscoring the importance of identifying individuals in the preclinical stages of ... ...

Abstract	Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative condition characterized by a gradual decline in cognitive functions. Currently, there are no effective treatments for AD, underscoring the importance of identifying individuals in the preclinical stages of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) to enable early interventions. Among the neuropathological events associated with the onset of the disease is the accumulation of amyloid protein in the brain, which correlates with decreased levels of A
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-09-07
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2411902-7
ISSN	1662-453X ; 1662-4548
ISSN (online)	1662-453X
ISSN	1662-4548
DOI	10.3389/fnins.2023.1221401
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Article ; Online: Identification of undiagnosed dementia cases using a web-based pre-screening tool: The MOPEAD project.

Rodrigo, Adrián / Trigueros, Paloma / Jamilis, Laura / Alegret, Montserrat / Rodríguez, Octavio / Tárraga, Lluís / González-Pérez, Antonio / Kramberger, Milica / Winblad, Bengt / Visser, Pieter Jelle / Jessen, Frank / Campo, Laura / Boada, Mercè

Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association

2021 Volume 17, Issue 8, Page(s) 1307–1316

Abstract: Introduction: Innovative patient engagement models are required to identify people with prodromal and mild Alzheimer's disease who are "hidden" in their communities and not normally found in a memory clinic setting.: Methods: A marketing campaign and ...

Abstract	Introduction: Innovative patient engagement models are required to identify people with prodromal and mild Alzheimer's disease who are "hidden" in their communities and not normally found in a memory clinic setting. Methods: A marketing campaign and a web-based pre-screening tool were used to identify individuals at risk of dementia in five European countries. Harmonized clinical evaluation of these patients was performed in participating memory clinics within the MOPEAD project. Results: A total of 1487 individuals completed the pre-screening, with 547 of them found to be at risk of dementia (36.8%). Among the subset of 91 patients with a positive pre-screening result that underwent full clinical evaluation, 49 (53.8%) were diagnosed with either mild cognitive impairment or Alzheimer's disease. Conclusion: This novel web-based pre-screening tool showed to be a valid strategy to identify undiagnosed people with cognitive impairment.
MeSH term(s)	Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Cognitive Dysfunction/diagnosis ; Dementia/diagnosis ; Early Diagnosis ; Europe ; Female ; Humans ; Internet ; Male ; Mass Screening ; Surveys and Questionnaires
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-04-15
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2211627-8
ISSN	1552-5279 ; 1552-5260
ISSN (online)	1552-5279
ISSN	1552-5260
DOI	10.1002/alz.12297
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Article ; Online: Macular vessel density in the superficial plexus is not a proxy of cerebrovascular damage in non-demented individuals: data from the NORFACE cohort.

García-Sánchez, Ainhoa / Sotolongo-Grau, Oscar / Tartari, Juan Pablo / Sanabria, Ángela / Esteban-De Antonio, Ester / Pérez-Cordón, Alba / Alegret, Montserrat / Pytel, Vanesa / Martínez, Joan / Aguilera, Núria / de Rojas, Itziar / Cano, Amanda / García-González, Pablo / Puerta, Raquel / Olivé, Clàudia / Capdevila, Maria / García-Gutiérrez, Fernando / Vivas, Assumpta / Gómez-Chiari, Marta /

Giménez, Juan / Tejero, Miguel Ángel / Castilla-Martí, Miguel / Castilla-Martí, Luis / Tárraga, Lluís / Valero, Sergi / Ruiz, Agustín / Boada, Mercè / Marquié, Marta

Alzheimer's research & therapy

2024 Volume 16, Issue 1, Page(s) 42

Abstract: Introduction: Optical coherence tomography angiography (OCT-A) is a novel tool that allows the detection of retinal vascular changes. We investigated the association of macular vessel density (VD) in the superficial plexus assessed by OCT-A with ... ...

Abstract	Introduction: Optical coherence tomography angiography (OCT-A) is a novel tool that allows the detection of retinal vascular changes. We investigated the association of macular vessel density (VD) in the superficial plexus assessed by OCT-A with measures of cerebrovascular pathology and atrophy quantified by brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in non-demented individuals. Methods: Clinical, demographical, OCT-A, and brain MRI data from non-demented research participants were included. We analyzed the association of regional macular VD with brain vascular burden using the Fazekas scale assessed in a logistic regression analysis, and the volume of white matter hyperintensities (WMH) assessed in a multiple linear regression analysis. We also explored the associations of macular VD with hippocampal volume, ventricle volume and Alzheimer disease cortical signature (ADCS) thickness assessed in multiple linear regression analyses. All analyses were adjusted for age, sex, syndromic diagnosis and cardiovascular variables. Results: The study cohort comprised 188 participants: 89 with subjective cognitive decline and 99 with mild cognitive impairment. No significant association of regional macular VD with the Fazekas categories (all, p > 0.111) and WMH volume (all, p > 0.051) were detected. VD in the nasal quadrant was associated to hippocampal volume (p = 0.007), but no other associations of macular VD with brain atrophy measures were detected (all, p > 0.05). Discussion: Retinal vascular measures were not a proxy of cerebrovascular damage in non-demented individuals, while VD in the nasal quadrant was associated with hippocampal atrophy independently of the amyloid status.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Fluorescein Angiography/methods ; Retinal Vessels/diagnostic imaging ; Retinal Vessels/pathology ; Atrophy/pathology ; Tomography, Optical Coherence/methods
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-02-20
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2506521-X
ISSN	1758-9193 ; 1758-9193
ISSN (online)	1758-9193
ISSN	1758-9193
DOI	10.1186/s13195-024-01408-9
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Article ; Online: Establishing In-House Cutoffs of CSF Alzheimer's Disease Biomarkers for the AT(N) Stratification of the Alzheimer Center Barcelona Cohort.

International journal of molecular sciences

2022 Volume 23, Issue 13

Abstract: Background: Clinical diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease (AD) increasingly incorporates CSF biomarkers. However, due to the intrinsic variability of the immunodetection techniques used to measure these biomarkers, establishing in-house cutoffs defining the ...

Abstract	Background: Clinical diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease (AD) increasingly incorporates CSF biomarkers. However, due to the intrinsic variability of the immunodetection techniques used to measure these biomarkers, establishing in-house cutoffs defining the positivity/negativity of CSF biomarkers is recommended. However, the cutoffs currently published are usually reported by using cross-sectional datasets, not providing evidence about its intrinsic prognostic value when applied to real-world memory clinic cases. Methods: We quantified CSF Aβ1-42, Aβ1-40, t-Tau, and p181Tau with standard INNOTEST Results: Cutoff values of Aβ1-42 and t-Tau were higher for CLEIA than for ELISA and similar for p181Tau. Spearman coefficients ranged between 0.81 for Aβ1-40 and 0.96 for p181TAU. Passing-Bablok analysis showed a systematic and proportional difference for all biomarkers but only systematic for Aβ1-40. Bland-Altman analysis showed an average difference between methods in favor of CLEIA. Kappa agreement for single biomarkers was good but lower for the Aβ1-42/Aβ1-40 ratio. Using the calculated cutoffs, we were able to stratify MCI subjects into four AT(N) categories. Kaplan-Meier analyses of AT(N) categories demonstrated gradual and differential dementia conversion rates ( Conclusions: We established CLEIA and ELISA internal cutoffs to discriminate AD patients from amyloid-negative SCD individuals. The results obtained by both methods are not interchangeable but show good agreement. CLEIA is a good and faster alternative to manual ELISA for providing AT(N) classification of our patients. AT(N) categories have an impact on disease progression. AT(N) classifiers increase the certainty of the MCI prognosis, which can be instrumental in managing real-world MCI subjects.
MeSH term(s)	Alzheimer Disease/diagnosis ; Alzheimer Disease/psychology ; Amyloid beta-Peptides ; Biomarkers ; Cognitive Dysfunction/diagnosis ; Cognitive Dysfunction/psychology ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Disease Progression ; Humans ; Peptide Fragments ; tau Proteins
Chemical Substances	Amyloid beta-Peptides ; Biomarkers ; Peptide Fragments ; tau Proteins
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-06-21
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2019364-6
ISSN	1422-0067 ; 1422-0067 ; 1661-6596
ISSN (online)	1422-0067
ISSN	1422-0067 ; 1661-6596
DOI	10.3390/ijms23136891
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Article ; Online: Plasma extracellular vesicles reveal early molecular differences in amyloid positive patients with early-onset mild cognitive impairment.

Cano, Amanda / Esteban-de-Antonio, Ester / Bernuz, Mireia / Puerta, Raquel / García-González, Pablo / de Rojas, Itziar / Olivé, Claudia / Pérez-Cordón, Alba / Montrreal, Laura / Núñez-Llaves, Raúl / Sotolongo-Grau, Óscar / Alarcón-Martín, Emilio / Valero, Sergi / Alegret, Montserrat / Martín, Elvira / Martino-Adami, Pamela V / Ettcheto, Miren / Camins, Antonio / Vivas, Assumpta /

Gomez-Chiari, Marta / Tejero, Miguel Ángel / Orellana, Adelina / Tárraga, Lluís / Marquié, Marta / Ramírez, Alfredo / Martí, Mercè / Pividori, María Isabel / Boada, Mercè / Ruíz, Agustín

Journal of nanobiotechnology

2023 Volume 21, Issue 1, Page(s) 54

Abstract: In the clinical course of Alzheimer's disease (AD) development, the dementia phase is commonly preceded by a prodromal AD phase, which is mainly characterized by reaching the highest levels of Aβ and p-tau-mediated neuronal injury and a mild cognitive ... ...

Abstract	In the clinical course of Alzheimer's disease (AD) development, the dementia phase is commonly preceded by a prodromal AD phase, which is mainly characterized by reaching the highest levels of Aβ and p-tau-mediated neuronal injury and a mild cognitive impairment (MCI) clinical status. Because of that, most AD cases are diagnosed when neuronal damage is already established and irreversible. Therefore, a differential diagnosis of MCI causes in these prodromal stages is one of the greatest challenges for clinicians. Blood biomarkers are emerging as desirable tools for pre-screening purposes, but the current results are still being analyzed and much more data is needed to be implemented in clinical practice. Because of that, plasma extracellular vesicles (pEVs) are gaining popularity as a new source of biomarkers for the early stages of AD development. To identify an exosome proteomics signature linked to prodromal AD, we performed a cross-sectional study in a cohort of early-onset MCI (EOMCI) patients in which 184 biomarkers were measured in pEVs, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), and plasma samples using multiplex PEA technology of Olink
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Amyloid beta-Peptides ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Alzheimer Disease/metabolism ; Cognitive Dysfunction/diagnosis ; tau Proteins/cerebrospinal fluid ; Extracellular Vesicles/metabolism ; Biomarkers ; Peptide Fragments
Chemical Substances	Amyloid beta-Peptides ; tau Proteins ; Biomarkers ; Peptide Fragments
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-02-14
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2100022-0
ISSN	1477-3155 ; 1477-3155
ISSN (online)	1477-3155
ISSN	1477-3155
DOI	10.1186/s12951-023-01793-7
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