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Article ; Online: Spinal subarachnoid diverticulum associated with vertebral articular process dysplasia in a Chow Chow dog.

Tauro, A / Thomson, D / Carrera, I

2022 Volume 64, Issue 1, Page(s) 54

MeSH term(s)	Dogs ; Animals ; Spinal Cord Diseases/veterinary ; Arachnoid Cysts/veterinary ; Joints ; Diverticulum/veterinary ; Dog Diseases/diagnostic imaging
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-10-13
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	410743-3
ISSN	1748-5827 ; 0022-4510 ; 1748-5827
ISSN (online)	1748-5827
ISSN	0022-4510 ; 1748-5827
DOI	10.1111/jsap.13562
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Article ; Online: "Golf-tee sign" on 3D-CISS MRI sequences in a dog with spinal nephroblastoma.

Tauro, A / Di Dona, F / Garosi, L S

The Journal of small animal practice

2020 Volume 62, Issue 7, Page(s) 610

MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Dog Diseases/diagnostic imaging ; Dogs ; Golf ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging/veterinary ; Spine ; Wilms Tumor/diagnostic imaging ; Wilms Tumor/veterinary
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-12-21
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	410743-3
ISSN	1748-5827 ; 0022-4510 ; 1748-5827
ISSN (online)	1748-5827
ISSN	0022-4510 ; 1748-5827
DOI	10.1111/jsap.13282
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Article: Syringopleural shunt placement in a pug with a cervical spinal diverticulum and associated syringomyelia.

Tauro, Anna / Rusbridge, Clare

Clinical case reports

2020 Volume 8, Issue 7, Page(s) 1142–1148

Abstract: We report persistence of associated syringomyelia and formation of newly caudal spinal arachnoid diverticulum, following marsupialization surgery. We describe syringopleural shunt placement as a novel approach to treat both conditions in a Pug dog. ...

Abstract	We report persistence of associated syringomyelia and formation of newly caudal spinal arachnoid diverticulum, following marsupialization surgery. We describe syringopleural shunt placement as a novel approach to treat both conditions in a Pug dog.
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-04-13
Publishing country	England
Document type	Case Reports
ZDB-ID	2740234-4
ISSN	2050-0904
ISSN	2050-0904
DOI	10.1002/ccr3.2845
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Article ; Online: Lumbar vertebral canal stenosis due to marked bone overgrowth after routine hemilaminectomy in a dog.

Tavola, Francesca / Ruggeri, Marco / Carrera, Ines / Pumarola, Martí / Alegria, Pablo Menendez / Tauro, Anna

Acta veterinaria Scandinavica

2023 Volume 65, Issue 1, Page(s) 37

Abstract: Background: Bone overgrowth after decompressive surgery for lumbar stenosis resulting in recurrence of neurological signs has not been reported in veterinary literature. However, there are few cases described in human medicine.: Case presentation: A ... ...

Abstract	Background: Bone overgrowth after decompressive surgery for lumbar stenosis resulting in recurrence of neurological signs has not been reported in veterinary literature. However, there are few cases described in human medicine. Case presentation: A 13-month-old entire female dog, a crossbreed between a Springer Spaniel and a Border Collie, weighing 24 kg, was referred with a 5-day history of progressive spastic paraplegia, indicative of a T3-L3 myelopathy. Magnetic resonance (MR) imaging revealed a right-sided L2-L3 compressive extradural lesion, compatible with epidural haemorrhage, which was confirmed by histopathology. The lesion was approached via right-sided L2-L3 hemilaminectomy and was successfully removed. One-year postoperatively the dog re-presented with pelvic limb ataxia. MR and computed tomography (CT) images demonstrated excessive vertebral bone formation affecting the right articular processes, ventral aspect of the spinous process of L2-L3, and contiguous vertebral laminae, causing spinal cord compression. Revision surgery was performed, and histopathology revealed normal or reactive osseous tissue with a possible chondroid metaplasia and endochondral ossification, failing to identify a definitive reason for the bone overgrowth. Nine-month postoperatively, imaging studies showed a similar vertebral overgrowth, resulting in minimal spinal cord compression. The patient remained stable with mild proprioceptive ataxia up until the last follow-up 18 months post-revision surgery. Conclusion: This is the first report in the veterinary literature of bone overgrowth after lumbar hemilaminectomy which resulted in neurological deficits and required a revision decompressive surgery.
MeSH term(s)	Dogs ; Female ; Humans ; Animals ; Constriction, Pathologic/veterinary ; Spinal Cord Compression/diagnostic imaging ; Spinal Cord Compression/etiology ; Spinal Cord Compression/surgery ; Spinal Cord Compression/veterinary ; Spinal Cord Diseases/veterinary ; Metaplasia/veterinary ; Spinal Canal ; Dog Diseases/diagnostic imaging ; Dog Diseases/etiology ; Dog Diseases/surgery
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-08-29
Publishing country	England
Document type	Case Reports ; Journal Article
ZDB-ID	40137-7
ISSN	1751-0147 ; 0044-605X
ISSN (online)	1751-0147
ISSN	0044-605X
DOI	10.1186/s13028-023-00700-2
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Article ; Online: Biocultural Calendars Across Four Ethnolinguistic Communities in Southwestern South America.

Rozzi, Ricardo / Álvarez, Ricardo / Castro, Victoria / Núñez, David / Ojeda, Jaime / Tauro, Alejandra / Massardo, Francisca

GeoHealth

2023 Volume 7, Issue 4, Page(s) e2022GH000623

Abstract: Since the mid-20th century, the so-called Great Acceleration ( ...

Abstract	Since the mid-20th century, the so-called Great Acceleration (
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-04-20
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ISSN	2471-1403
ISSN (online)	2471-1403
DOI	10.1029/2022GH000623
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Article ; Online: Fluctuation of Clinical Signs With Near-Syncopal Episodes in a Dog With Gliomatosis Cerebri: A Diagnostic Challenge.

Tauro, Anna / Di Dona, Francesco / Zoelch, Niklaus / Stent, Andrew

Topics in companion animal medicine

2021 Volume 43, Page(s) 100508

Abstract: A 2-year-old Bull Mastiff cross Boxer neutered male dog was evaluated because of 2-month history of non-progressive right head tilt and mild vestibular ataxia. MRI of the brain revealed a faint T2W, FLAIR, DWI and ADC heterogenous hyperintense and T1W ... ...

Abstract	A 2-year-old Bull Mastiff cross Boxer neutered male dog was evaluated because of 2-month history of non-progressive right head tilt and mild vestibular ataxia. MRI of the brain revealed a faint T2W, FLAIR, DWI and ADC heterogenous hyperintense and T1W isointense intra-axial lesion with indistinct margins at the level of the pons and medulla oblongata. The lesion did not show any susceptibility artefact on T2* GRE images or contrast enhancement and CSF analysis was normal. Analysis of the spectra from MRS of the thalamus not promptly available at the time of the MRI study revealed a decreased level of NAA, as seen in people with gliomatosis cerebri. The dog represented 3 weeks later and, on this occasion, displayed left-sided head tilt, left-sided postural reaction deficits and near-syncopal episodes associated with state of confusion. Repeated MRI revealed a larger non-enhancing intra-axial lesion with a more hyperintense signal than previously described. CSF was normal and PCR of CSF for infectious diseases was negative. Thoracic and abdominal computed tomography did not reveal any primary or metastatic process. Immunosuppressive treatment was attempted and the dog remained stable over 5 days, then developed generalized tonic-clonic seizures which led to status epilepticus and death. Histopathology supported the diagnosis of gliomatosis cerebri. Gliomatosis cerebri remains difficult to diagnose ante-mortem, due to the broad age of onset and the variable duration and wide range of clinical signs. The mismatch between MRI findings and clinical presentation, the fluctuating clinical signs with near-syncopal episodes associated with a state of confusion, the presence of an infiltrative brain disease as depicted on MR imaging and a normal CSF analysis, should prompt the clinician to consider possible diagnosis of a widespread infiltrative neoplasm. Although, MRS may help narrow the differential diagnosis in favor of a neoplastic lesion, the overall prognosis remains poor.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Brain Neoplasms/veterinary ; Cattle ; Cattle Diseases ; Dog Diseases ; Dogs ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Male ; Neoplasms, Neuroepithelial/veterinary ; Syncope/veterinary
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-01-09
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Case Reports
ISSN	1946-9837
ISSN (online)	1946-9837
DOI	10.1016/j.tcam.2021.100508
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Article ; Online: Spinal decompression and stabilisation in a cat with lumbar vertebral pathological fracture and subluxation, following discospondylitis and spinal epidural empyema.

Proteasa, Adelina / Walton, Myles Benjamin / Carrera, Ines / Garosi, Laurent S / Alcoverro, Emili / Heyes, Menai / Tauro, Anna

JFMS open reports

2023 Volume 9, Issue 2, Page(s) 20551169231186860

Abstract: Case series summary: A 1-year-old castrated male Maine Coon cat was referred because of a 1-week history of progressive spastic non-ambulatory paraparesis. An MRI examination of the thoracolumbar spine showed multiple lytic lesions, with the most ... ...

Abstract	Case series summary: A 1-year-old castrated male Maine Coon cat was referred because of a 1-week history of progressive spastic non-ambulatory paraparesis. An MRI examination of the thoracolumbar spine showed multiple lytic lesions, with the most aggressive one centred on the adjacent endplates of L1-L2 and its associated disc. Ventral new bone formation, L1 vertebral body shortening and mild dorsal displacement of the caudal aspect of L1 were noted. Contrast enhancement of both paravertebral soft tissue and extradural lesion was present. These findings were compatible with L1-L2 discospondylitis (DS), spinal epidural empyema (SEE), with secondary L1 pathological vertebral fracture, subluxation and spinal cord compression. CT of the thoracolumbar spine, abdomen and thorax confirmed these findings. The patient deteriorated to paraplegia with absent nociception, despite initial medical therapy. A right-sided L1-L2 hemilaminectomy and spinal decompression were then performed, followed by application of a unilateral construct comprising four smooth arthrodesis wires and polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA). S Relevance and novel information: To the authors' knowledge, this is the first case report of SEE and DS in a cat that required surgical stabilisation. The outcome was still optimal, despite the rapid neurological deterioration.
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-08-02
Publishing country	England
Document type	Case Reports
ZDB-ID	2822177-1
ISSN	2055-1169 ; 2055-1169
ISSN (online)	2055-1169
ISSN	2055-1169
DOI	10.1177/20551169231186860
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Article: Metronidazole‐induced neurotoxicity in 26 dogs

Tauro, A / E Beltran / GB Cherubini / AT Coelho / A Wessmann / CJ Driver / CJ Rusbridge

Australian veterinary journal. 2018 Dec., v. 96, no. 12

2018

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Metronidazole is an antibacterial, antiprotozoal and anthelmintic medication commonly used in veterinary medicine. We describe cases of neurotoxicity associated with the drug’s administration. METHODS: Medical records between 2004 and 2017 ... ...

Abstract	BACKGROUND: Metronidazole is an antibacterial, antiprotozoal and anthelmintic medication commonly used in veterinary medicine. We describe cases of neurotoxicity associated with the drug’s administration. METHODS: Medical records between 2004 and 2017 from four veterinary referral hospitals were reviewed. Inclusion criteria were the presence of neurological signs compatible with metronidazole toxicity, clinical history supporting recent metronidazole therapy and resolution of clinical signs upon discontinuation of metronidazole administration. RESULTS: A total of 26 dogs were identified with clinical signs supporting a diagnosis of metronidazole toxicity. Median age at presentation was 7.2 years (range, 0.1–12 years); median duration of treatment was 35 days (range, 5–180 days); median treatment dosage was 21 mg/kg BID (range, 13–56 mg/kg every 12 h); median resolution of the clinical signs upon discontinuation of metronidazole was 3 days (range, 1–26 days). Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the brain was performed in 19 cases and only one dog had brain lesions affecting the dentate nuclei, which resembled the MRI appearance of this disease in humans. CONCLUSIONS: We found evidence of neurotoxicity in dogs at much lower doses than previously reported and we suggest caution when administering metronidazole at doses > 40 mg/kg every 24 h, regardless of the duration of the treatment.
Keywords	anthelmintics ; brain ; dogs ; drug therapy ; drugs ; hospitals ; humans ; magnetic resonance imaging ; medical records ; metronidazole ; neurotoxicity ; signs and symptoms (animals and humans)
Language	English
Dates of publication	2018-12
Size	p. 495-501.
Publishing place	Wiley Publishing Asia Pty Ltd
Document type	Article
Note	JOURNAL ARTICLE
ZDB-ID	41542-x
ISSN	1751-0813 ; 0005-0423
ISSN (online)	1751-0813
ISSN	0005-0423
DOI	10.1111/avj.12772
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article ; Online: Comparison of volume of the forebrain, subarachnoid space and lateral ventricles between dogs with idiopathic epilepsy and controls using a stereological approach: Cavalieri's principle.

Watson, Fraje / Coppi, A Augusto / Volk, Holger A / Packer, Rowena M A / Tauro, Anna / Rusbridge, Clare

Canine medicine and genetics

2021 Volume 8, Issue 1, Page(s) 3

Abstract: Background: Canine idiopathic epilepsy (IE) is the most common chronic neurological brain disease in dogs, yet it can only be diagnosed by exclusion of all other potential causes. In people, epilepsy has been associated with a reduction in brain volume. ...

Abstract	Background: Canine idiopathic epilepsy (IE) is the most common chronic neurological brain disease in dogs, yet it can only be diagnosed by exclusion of all other potential causes. In people, epilepsy has been associated with a reduction in brain volume. The objective was to estimate the volume of the forebrain (FB), subarachnoid space (SAS) and lateral ventricles (LV) in dogs with IE compared to controls using Cavalieri's principle. MRI scans of case and control dogs were identified from two neurology referral hospital databases. Eight breeds with increased odds of having IE were included: Golden Retriever, Labrador Retriever, Cocker Spaniel, Border terrier, German Shepherd dog, Parson Jack Russell terrier, Boxer, and Border Collie. Five dogs of each breed with IE and up to five controls were systematically and uniformly randomly sampled (SURS). The volume of the FB, SAS and LV were estimated from MRI scans by one blinded observer using Cavalieri's principle. Results: One hundred-two dogs were identified; 56 were diagnosed with IE and 46 were controls. There was no statistically significant difference in FB, SAS and LV volume between dogs with IE and controls. Dogs with a history of status epilepticus had significantly larger FB than those without (p = 0.05). There was a border-line trend for LV volume to increase with increasing length of seizure history in the IE group (p = 0.055). Conclusion: The volumes of the FB, SAS and LV are not different between dogs with IE and controls, so IE remains a diagnosis of exclusion with no specific neuroanatomical biomarkers identified. This is the first time FB and SAS volume has been compared in dogs with IE. Unfortunately, we have shown that the results reporting significantly larger FBs in dogs with status epilepticus and LV volume increase with length of seizure history were likely confounded by breed and should be interpreted cautiously. Whilst these associations are interesting and clinically relevant, further investigation with breed-specific or larger, breed-diverse populations are required to permit strong conclusions. The Cavalieri principle provided an effective estimation of FB, SAS and LV volumes on MRI, but may be too time-intensive for use in clinical practice.
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-03-10
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ISSN	2662-9380
ISSN (online)	2662-9380
DOI	10.1186/s40575-021-00101-6
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Article ; Online: Metronidazole-induced neurotoxicity in 26 dogs.

Tauro, A / Beltran, E / Cherubini, G B / Coelho, A T / Wessmann, A / Driver, C J / Rusbridge, C J

Australian veterinary journal

2018 Volume 96, Issue 12, Page(s) 495–501

Abstract: Background: Metronidazole is an antibacterial, antiprotozoal and anthelmintic medication commonly used in veterinary medicine. We describe cases of neurotoxicity associated with the drug's administration.: Methods: Medical records between 2004 and ... ...

Abstract	Background: Metronidazole is an antibacterial, antiprotozoal and anthelmintic medication commonly used in veterinary medicine. We describe cases of neurotoxicity associated with the drug's administration. Methods: Medical records between 2004 and 2017 from four veterinary referral hospitals were reviewed. Inclusion criteria were the presence of neurological signs compatible with metronidazole toxicity, clinical history supporting recent metronidazole therapy and resolution of clinical signs upon discontinuation of metronidazole administration. Results: A total of 26 dogs were identified with clinical signs supporting a diagnosis of metronidazole toxicity. Median age at presentation was 7.2 years (range, 0.1-12 years); median duration of treatment was 35 days (range, 5-180 days); median treatment dosage was 21 mg/kg BID (range, 13-56 mg/kg every 12 h); median resolution of the clinical signs upon discontinuation of metronidazole was 3 days (range, 1-26 days). Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the brain was performed in 19 cases and only one dog had brain lesions affecting the dentate nuclei, which resembled the MRI appearance of this disease in humans. Conclusions: We found evidence of neurotoxicity in dogs at much lower doses than previously reported and we suggest caution when administering metronidazole at doses > 40 mg/kg every 24 h, regardless of the duration of the treatment.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Anti-Infective Agents/administration & dosage ; Anti-Infective Agents/adverse effects ; Brain/diagnostic imaging ; Dog Diseases/chemically induced ; Dog Diseases/diagnostic imaging ; Dog Diseases/drug therapy ; Dogs ; Female ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging/veterinary ; Male ; Metronidazole/administration & dosage ; Metronidazole/adverse effects ; Neurotoxicity Syndromes/etiology ; Neurotoxicity Syndromes/veterinary ; Retrospective Studies
Chemical Substances	Anti-Infective Agents ; Metronidazole (140QMO216E)
Language	English
Publishing date	2018-11-26
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	41542-x
ISSN	1751-0813 ; 0005-0423
ISSN (online)	1751-0813
ISSN	0005-0423
DOI	10.1111/avj.12772
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